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HB188 • 2026

Crimes and offenses; making a terrorist threat in the second degree, elements revised, criminal penalties further provided for

Crimes and offenses; making a terrorist threat in the second degree, elements revised, criminal penalties further provided for

Crime Firearms
Passed Legislature

This bill passed both chambers and reached final enrollment, even if later executive action is not shown here.

Sponsor
Baker (A)
Last action
2026-03-19
Official status
Read Second Time in Second House
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The bill summary does not provide specific details about how the new definitions will be enforced or interpreted in court.

Making Terrorist Threats in Alabama

This bill changes the definition and penalties for making a terrorist threat in the second degree, requiring intent to cause fear or harm.

What This Bill Does

  • Revises how a terrorist threat in the second degree is defined, specifying that the person making the threat must intend to cause fear or harm.
  • Specifies that communicating a threat verbally, in writing, electronically, or by any other means can be considered a terrorist threat if it meets certain criteria.
  • Increases penalties for repeat offenses of making a terrorist threat in the second degree from a Class A misdemeanor to a Class D felony.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People who make threats that meet the new definition of a terrorist threat in the second degree.

Terms To Know

THREATEN
A person threatens another if they intentionally and knowingly make a statement to harm a person or property, which is communicated to another person under circumstances that are credible and imminent, unequivocal, immediate, and specific enough to convey an immediate prospect of execution.
WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION
Includes destructive devices, chemical weapons, biological agents, toxins, vectors, and radiation-releasing weapons as defined by federal law.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill does not specify how the new definitions will be enforced or interpreted in court.
  • It is unclear what specific changes were made to Sections 13A-10-240, 13A-10-241, and 13A-10-242 of the Alabama Code beyond those mentioned.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

I37QCZW-1

R 308

Adopted

Plain English: I37QCZW-1 01/28/2026 GP (H) HSE 2025-3811 House Judiciary Reported Substitute for HB188 Page 1 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED AN ACT Relating to the crime of making a terrorist threat; to amend Sections 13A-10-240, 13A-10-241, and 13A-10-242, Code of Alabama 1975; to revise the circumstances in which a threat constitutes the crime of making a terrorist threat in the second degree; and to further provide criminal penalties for second or subsequent convictions.

  • I37QCZW-1 01/28/2026 GP (H) HSE 2025-3811 House Judiciary Reported Substitute for HB188 Page 1 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED AN ACT Relating to the crime of making a terrorist threat; to amend Sections 13A-10-240, 13A-10-241, and 13A-10-242, Code of Alabama 1975; to revise the circumstances in which a threat constitutes the crime of making a terrorist threat in the second degree; and to further provide criminal penalties for second or subsequent convictions.
  • BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF ALABAMA: Section 1.
  • Sections 13A-10-240, 13A-10-241, and 13A-10-242, Code of Alabama 1975, are amended to read as follows: "§13A-10-240 As used in this article, the following terms have the following meanings: (1) PROPERTY.
  • Personal or real property.
  • This amendment summary is using official source text because generated interpretation was skipped for this run.

Bill History

  1. 2026-03-19 Senate

    Read for the Second Time and placed on the Calendar

  2. 2026-03-18 Senate

    Reported Out of Committee Second House

  3. 2026-02-05 House

    Motion to Read a Third Time and Pass as Amended - Adopted Roll Call 309 (Yeas 83, Nays 10)

  4. 2026-02-05 House

    Motion to Adopt - Adopted Roll Call 308 (Yeas 94, Nays 4)

  5. 2026-02-05 House

    Third Reading in House of Origin (Yeas 93, Nays 6)

  6. 2026-02-05 Senate

    Pending Committee Action in Second House

  7. 2026-02-05 Senate

    Read for the first time and referred to the Senate Committee on Judiciary

  8. 2026-02-05 House

    Engrossed

  9. 2026-02-05 House

    Judiciary Engrossed Substitute Offered

  10. 2026-01-29 House

    Read for the Second Time and placed on the Calendar

  11. 2026-01-28 House

    Reported Out of Committee House of Origin

  12. 2026-01-13 House

    Pending Committee Action in House of Origin

  13. 2026-01-13 House

    Read for the first time and referred to the House Committee on Judiciary

Official Summary Text

Crimes and offenses; making a terrorist threat in the second degree, elements revised, criminal penalties further provided for

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
HB188 ENGROSSED
Page 0
HB188
I37QCZW-2
By Representative Baker
RFD: Judiciary
First Read: 13-Jan-26
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HB188 Engrossed
Page 1
First Read: 13-Jan-26
A BILL
TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT
Relating to the crime of making a terrorist threat; to
amend Sections 13A-10-240, 13A-10-241, and 13A-10-242, Code of
Alabama 1975; to revise the circumstances in which a threat
constitutes the crime of making a terrorist threat in the
second degree; and to further provide criminal penalties for
second or subsequent convictions.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF ALABAMA:
Section 1. Sections 13A-10-240, 13A-10-241, and
13A-10-242, Code of Alabama 1975, are amended to read as
follows:
"§13A-10-240
As used in this article, the following terms have the
following meanings:
(1) PROPERTY. Personal or real property. The term
includes, but is not limited to, any of the following
buildings or real property:
a. A church, mosque, synagogue, or other religious real
property.
b. A public or private school.
(2) THREATEN. A person threatens another if all of the
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HB188 Engrossed
Page 2
(2) THREATEN. A person threatens another if all of the
following occur:
a. The person intentionally and knowingly makes a
statement verbally, in writing, by means of an electronic
communication device, or by any other means to harm a person
or property.
b. The statement is communicated to another person.
c. Under the circumstances, the threatened harm is
credible and imminent.
d. The statement, on its face and under the
circumstances in which it is made, is so unequivocal,
immediate, and specific as to convey to the person threatened,
a gravity of purpose and an immediate prospect of execution of
the threat.
e. The statement causes the person to reasonably be in
sustained fear for his or her own safety or for the object of
the threat.
(3) WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION. Any of the following:
a. A destructive device as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 921.
b. A weapon that is designed or intended to cause death
or serious bodily injury through the release, dissemination,
or impact of toxic or poisonous chemicals.
c. A weapon involving a biological agent, toxin, or
vector, as those terms are defined in 18 U.S.C. § 178.
d. A weapon that is designed to release radiation or
radioactivity at a level dangerous to human life."
"§13A-10-241
(a) A person commits the crime of making a terrorist
threat in the first degree when he or she, based on an
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HB188 Engrossed
Page 3
threat in the first degree when he or she, based on an
objective evaluation, credibly threatens to commit a crime of
violence against a person or to damage any property by use of
a bomb, explosive, weapon of mass destruction, firearm, deadly
weapon, or other mechanism and any of the following occurs:
(1) The threat causes the evacuation of any real
property.
(2) The threat causes the disruption of a school,
church, or government activity.
(3) The threat is with intent to retaliate against the
victim because of his or her involvement or participation as
any of the following:
a. A witness or party in any judicial or administrative
proceeding.
b. A person who produced records, documents, or other
objects in a judicial or administrative proceeding.
c. A person who provided to a law enforcement officer,
adult or juvenile probation officer, prosecuting attorney, or
judge any information relating to the commission or possible
commission of an offense under the laws of this state, of the
United States, or a violation of conditions of bail, pretrial
release, probation, or parole.
(4) The threat is made against an elected public
official or his or her staff.
(b) For the purposes of this section, a person
threatens another when:
(1) The person makes a statement verbally, in writing,
by means of an electronic communication device, or by any
other means to harm a person or property;
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HB188 Engrossed
Page 4
other means to harm a person or property;
(2) The statement is communicated to another person;
(3) Under the circumstances, the threatened harm is
credible and imminent;
(4) The statement, on its face and under the
circumstances in which it is made, is so unequivocal,
immediate, and specific as to convey to the person threatened,
a purpose and an immediate prospect of execution of the
threat; and
(5) The statement causes the person to reasonably be in
fear for his or her own safety or for the object of the
threat.
(c) The crime of making a terrorist threat in the first
degree is a Class C felony."
"§13A-10-242
(a) A person commits the crime of making a terrorist
threat in the second degree when he or she , based on an
objective evaluation, credibly threatens to commit a crime of
violence against a person or to damage any property by use of
a bomb, explosive, weapon of mass destruction, firearm, deadly
weapon, or other mechanism.
(b) For the purposes of this section, a person
threatens another when:
(1) The person makes a statement verbally, in writing,
by means of an electronic communication device, or by any
other means to harm a person or property;
(2) The person makes the statement with the intent to
cause fear or harm; and
(3) The statement is communicated to another person.
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HB188 Engrossed
Page 5
(3) The statement is communicated to another person.
(c)(1) The crime of making a terrorist threat in the
second degree is a Class A misdemeanor .
(2) A second or subsequent violation of this section is
a Class D felony ."
Section 2. This act shall become effective on October
1, 2026.
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HB188 Engrossed
Page 6
1, 2026.
House of Representatives
Read for the first time and referred
to the House of Representatives
committee on Judiciary
................13-Jan-26
Read for the second time and placed
on the calendar:
2 amendments
................29-Jan-26
Read for the third time and passed
as amended
Yeas 83
Nays 10
Abstains 11
................05-Feb-26
John Treadwell
Clerk
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