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HB380 • 2026

Public K-12 education; process for the consolidation of county boards of education provided, procedure for protesting a proposed consolidation provided, adoption of rules and impact study by State Board of Education required, constitutional amendment

Public K-12 education; process for the consolidation of county boards of education provided, procedure for protesting a proposed consolidation provided, adoption of rules and impact study by State Board of Education required, constitutional amendment

Education Elections Taxes
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Collins
Last action
2026-04-09
Official status
Enacted
Effective date
Contingent

Plain English Breakdown

The bill is currently a proposed constitutional amendment; its effectiveness depends on voter approval in an election.

HB380: Rules for Merging County School Systems

This bill proposes a change to the Alabama Constitution that allows neighboring county school boards to merge into one system if they follow specific steps, including an impact study and a public vote if enough people object.

What This Bill Does

  • Allows two or more neighboring (contiguous) county school boards to agree on merging their systems under one new multi-county board.
  • Requires the State Board of Education to write and publish a report studying how the merger would affect students, staff, money, taxes, transportation, facilities, programs, community identity, and governance before it happens.
  • Sets up a rule where 25 percent of voters in any affected school system can stop an automatic merge by submitting written objections within 30 days after the boards agree to consolidate.
  • Mandates that if enough people object, all voters living in the combined area must vote 'Yes' or 'No' on the merger at the next general election for it to happen.
  • Requires the State Board of Education to create rules needed to make this process work.

Who It Names or Affects

  • County boards of education that want to merge with neighboring counties
  • The Alabama State Board of Education, which must study and publish reports on mergers
  • Voters living in the school systems involved in a proposed merger

Terms To Know

Consolidation
When two or more separate county school boards combine to form one single board that runs all their schools.
Impact Study
A report required by the State Board of Education that explains how a merger might change things like education quality, taxes, transportation, and community identity.
Referendum
An election where voters decide whether to approve or reject a specific proposal, such as merging school systems.

Limits and Unknowns

  • This bill only becomes law if Alabama voters vote 'Yes' on it in an upcoming election.
  • The text does not say exactly how much money the impact study will cost or who pays for it.
  • The specific rules needed to run this process have not been written yet and must be created by the State Board of Education later.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

XD1PMEZ-1

R 708

Adopted

Plain English: This amendment updates the bill to clarify how new school boards will work, makes consolidation agreements official for all involved schools, and allows lawmakers to pass specific laws needed to carry out these changes.

  • It adds language describing the roles and duties of a new combined county board of education.
  • It states that any agreement made between combining school boards must be followed by everyone involved.
  • It gives state legislators the power to write laws needed to make approved school consolidations happen.
  • The provided text only shows small sentence fragments and does not explain exactly how the new board roles will differ from current ones.
  • Because the full context of the original bill is missing, it is unclear what specific steps are required before a consolidation can be approved.

Bill History

  1. 2026-04-09 House

    Enacted

  2. 2026-04-09 Senate

    Signature Requested

  3. 2026-04-09 House

    Enrolled

  4. 2026-04-09 House

    Ready to Enroll

  5. 2026-04-08 Senate

    Motion to Read a Third Time and Pass - Adopted Roll Call 1293 (Yeas 30, Nays 0)

  6. 2026-04-01 Senate

    Read for the Second Time and placed on the Calendar

  7. 2026-04-01 Senate

    Reported Out of Committee Second House

  8. 2026-03-03 House

    Motion to Read a Third Time and Pass as Amended - Adopted Roll Call 709 (Yeas 96, Nays 2)

  9. 2026-03-03 House

    Motion to Adopt - Adopted Roll Call 708 (Yeas 96, Nays 1)

  10. 2026-03-03 House

    Third Reading in House of Origin (Yeas 100, Nays 1)

  11. 2026-03-03 Senate

    Pending Committee Action in Second House

  12. 2026-03-03 Senate

    Read for the first time and referred to the Senate Committee on Education Policy

  13. 2026-03-03 House

    Engrossed

  14. 2026-03-03 House

    Collins 1st Amendment Offered

  15. 2026-02-19 House

    Read for the Second Time and placed on the Calendar

  16. 2026-02-18 House

    Reported Out of Committee House of Origin

  17. 2026-02-03 House

    Pending Committee Action in House of Origin

  18. 2026-02-03 House

    Read for the first time and referred to the House Committee on Education Policy

Official Summary Text

This act proposes an amendment to the Constitution of Alabama of 2022, to: (1) authorize two or more contiguous county boards of education to consolidate the administration of their county school systems under one multi-county board of education; (2) require the State Board of Education to conduct and publish an impact study on the potential effects of a proposed consolidation before such may occur; (3) provide that if 25 percent of the qualified electors of a school system submit written objection within 30 days after the decision to consolidate, a consolidation only becomes operative after approval at a referendum for all affected counties; and (4) require the state board to adopt rules to implement this act.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
HB380 ENROLLED
Page 0
HB380
BYRBKJQ-3
By Representative Collins (Constitutional Amendment)
RFD: Education Policy
First Read: 03-Feb-26
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HB380 Enrolled
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First Read: 03-Feb-26
Enrolled, An Act,
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of Alabama
of 2022, to provide a process for the creation of a
consolidated county school system by merging two or more
county boards of education; to require the State Board of
Education to conduct an impact study on the potential effects
of the consolidation; to require publication of the impact
study; to provide a procedure for protesting a proposed
consolidation of two or more county school systems; and to
require the State Board of Education to adopt rules.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF ALABAMA:
Section 1. The following amendment to the Constitution
of Alabama of 2022, is proposed:
PROPOSED AMENDMENT
(a) Whenever two or more contiguous county boards of
education deem it advisable to consolidate the administration
of their respective county school systems under one remaining
controlling multi-county board of education, each county board
of education shall adopt and record within the minutes of each
board an agreement providing for the consolidation. A formal
resolution adopted by all members of the agreeing boards shall
detail and provide for the payment of their respective
indebtedness, specify how the consolidation will take place,
identify how the remaining controlling multi-county board of
education will operate, provide for the roles and duties of
the resulting multi-county board members, and designate the
time frame during which the consolidation will be implemented.
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time frame during which the consolidation will be implemented.
Subject to subsection (c), the consolidation shall be
finalized as designated in the formal resolution.
(b) Before a consolidation may occur, the State Board
of Education shall conduct an impact study on the potential
effects of the proposed consolidation, including, but not
limited to, the impact on students, families, educational
quality, educational programs, staff, facilities,
transportation and operations, finances and taxes, community
identity, and governance. At least 30 calendar days before
adopting the formal resolution finalizing the consolidation,
the State Board of Education shall post a copy of the impact
study on the public website of the State Department of
Education.
(c)(1) If, within 30 days after the adoption of the
formal resolution, 25 percent of the qualified electors
residing within the boundaries of any of the school systems
proposing consolidation submit a protest, in writing, to any
of the affected county boards of education, the consolidation
may not occur unless the consolidation is approved by a
majority of the qualified electors residing in each county or
counties wherein all affected county school systems are
located who vote in a referendum election as provided in this
subsection.
(2) The consolidation shall become operative only if
approved by a majority of the qualified electors who reside
within the combined territory of the affected county school
systems who vote in a referendum election to be held on the
date of the next regularly scheduled general election. The
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date of the next regularly scheduled general election. The
order setting the election shall be entered by the judge of
probate of each affected county within one month after the
expiration of the 30-day time period provided in subdivision
(1). Notice of the election shall be given by the judge of
probate of each county, and the election shall be held,
conducted, and the results canvassed in the manner as other
county elections. The ballots shall have printed at the top a
statement of the purpose of the referendum election and
directly underneath, in plain type and on different lines, the
words, "For Consolidation," and "Against Consolidation." If a
majority of the qualified electors voting in the combined
territory of the affected county school systems vote to
approve the consolidation, the consolidation shall be
finalized as designated in the formal resolution.
(d) The consolidation shall not operate to relieve any
board of education, or other governing body, of liability for
obligations previously incurred, or to impair rights existing
before the consolidation. The agreement and formal resolution
shall be binding on the combining county boards of education.
If a consolidation occurs, the remaining controlling
multi-county board of education shall have the right to compel
the execution of contractual obligations made to any of the
boards before the consolidation.
(e) The State Board of Education shall adopt rules as
necessary to provide for the implementation of this section.
(f) The Legislature, by general or local law, may enact
legislation to implement approved board consolidations
pursuant to this section.
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pursuant to this section.
Upon ratification of this constitutional amendment, the
Code Commissioner shall number and place this amendment as
appropriate in the constitution omitting this instructional
paragraph and may make the following nonsubstantive revisions:
change capitalization, hierarchy, spelling, and punctuation
for purposes of style and uniformity; correct manifest
grammatical, clerical, and typographical errors; revise
internal or external citations and cross-references; harmonize
language; and translate effective dates.
END OF PROPOSED AMENDMENT
Section 2. An election upon the proposed amendment
shall be held in accordance with Sections 284 and 285 of the
Constitution of Alabama of 2022, and the election laws of this
state. The appropriate election official shall assign a ballot
number for the proposed constitutional amendment on the
election ballot and shall set forth the following description
of the substance or subject matter of the proposed
constitutional amendment:
"Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of Alabama
of 2022, to provide a process for the creation of a
consolidated county school system by merging two or more
contiguous county boards of education; to require the State
Board of Education to conduct an impact study on the potential
effects of the consolidation; to require publication of the
impact study; to provide a procedure for protesting a proposed
consolidation of two or more county school systems; and to
require the State Board of Education to adopt rules.
Proposed by Act ____."
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Proposed by Act ____."
This description shall be followed by the following
language:
"Yes( ) No( )."
Section 3. The proposed amendment shall become valid as
a part of the Constitution of Alabama of 2022, when approved
by a majority of the qualified electors voting thereon.
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by a majority of the qualified electors voting thereon.
________________________________________________
Speaker of the House of Representatives
________________________________________________
President and Presiding Officer of the Senate
House of Representatives
I hereby certify that the within Act originated in and
was passed by the House 03-Mar-26.
John Treadwell
Clerk
Senate 08-Apr-26 Passed
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