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SB138 • 2026

Franchises; prohibit franchisor from requiring franchisee to operate on a religious day, exceptions provided

Franchises; prohibit franchisor from requiring franchisee to operate on a religious day, exceptions provided

Small Business
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Roberts
Last action
2026-04-17
Official status
Enacted
Effective date
2026-06-01

Plain English Breakdown

The candidate explanation included claims about penalties that were not fully supported by the official source material. The exact wording and conditions under which penalties are enforced need to be precise as per the bill text.

Franchises; prohibit franchisor from requiring franchisee to operate on a religious day, exceptions provided

This law stops franchisors from enforcing or requiring franchisees to work on days that go against their sincerely held religious beliefs, with some exemptions and penalties for violations.

What This Bill Does

  • Prohibits a franchisor from enforcing, requiring as an amendment to a franchise agreement, or refusing to renew a franchise agreement based on noncompliance with a religious day operation requirement when the franchisee has a sincerely held religious belief.
  • Exempts original agreements, agreed-upon renewals or amendments, and agreements expanding locations that contain a religious day operation requirement.
  • Authorizes courts to order actual damages, attorney fees, costs, temporary restraining orders, injunctions, and civil penalties not exceeding $10,000 for the first violation, $25,000 for an additional violation within five years, and $50,000 for another violation within seven years.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Franchisees who have sincerely held religious beliefs that conflict with operating requirements set by franchisors.
  • Franchisors who enforce or require franchisees to operate on days conflicting with their religious beliefs.

Terms To Know

franchise agreement
A written contract between a franchisor and a franchisee that allows the franchisee to use the franchisor's brand name, trademarks, etc., in exchange for fees.
sincerely held religious belief
A deeply personal and genuine religious conviction or practice.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The law does not apply to original franchise agreements that already include operating requirements conflicting with religious beliefs.
  • Penalties are only enforced if a court finds reasonable cause of violation after the effective date, June 1, 2026.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

DG8QQTN-1

R 1304

Adopted

Plain English: DG8QQTN-1 02/18/2026 PMG (H) HSE 2025-2594 House Commerce and Small Business Reported Substitute for SB138 Page 1 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED AN ACT Relating to franchises; to prohibit a franchisor from requiring a franchisee that asserts a sincerely held religious belief to operate on a religious day under certain circumstances; and to provide a cause of action for violations.

  • DG8QQTN-1 02/18/2026 PMG (H) HSE 2025-2594 House Commerce and Small Business Reported Substitute for SB138 Page 1 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED AN ACT Relating to franchises; to prohibit a franchisor from requiring a franchisee that asserts a sincerely held religious belief to operate on a religious day under certain circumstances; and to provide a cause of action for violations.
  • BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF ALABAMA: Section 1.
  • (a) For purposes of this section, the following terms have the following meanings: (1)FRANCHISE AGREEMENT.
  • A written agreement or an amendment or renewal of a written agreement, or in the absence of a written agreement, a course of practice, in which a person grants to another person a license to use a trade name, trademark, service mark, or related characteristic in exchange for the payment of a franchise fee.
  • This amendment summary is using official source text because generated interpretation was skipped for this run.
11JCJLZ-1

R 1305

Adopted

Plain English: 11JCJLZ-1 : 3/4/2026 : PMG 1ST BLACKSHEAR AMENDMENT TO SB138 OFFERED BY REPRESENTATIVE BLACKSHEAR Page 1 Replace line 36 on page 2 with the following: Chapter 9 of Title 28, Code of Alabama 1975; or Chapter 15 of Title 34, Code of Alabama 1975.

  • 11JCJLZ-1 : 3/4/2026 : PMG 1ST BLACKSHEAR AMENDMENT TO SB138 OFFERED BY REPRESENTATIVE BLACKSHEAR Page 1 Replace line 36 on page 2 with the following: Chapter 9 of Title 28, Code of Alabama 1975; or Chapter 15 of Title 34, Code of Alabama 1975.
  • Replace line 48 on page 2 with the following: Chapter 9 of Title 28, Code of Alabama 1975; or Chapter 15 of Title 34, Code of Alabama 1975.
  • Replace lines 67 through 68 on page 3 with the following: (c) Subsection (b) does not apply and a franchisor is not prohibited from enforcing a religious day operation requirement when: (1) The original franchise agreement or franchise agreement then in effect conspicuously provides for operation on a day that imposes a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
  • This amendment summary is using official source text because generated interpretation was skipped for this run.

Bill History

  1. 2026-04-17 Senate

    Enacted

  2. 2026-04-09 House

    Signature Requested

  3. 2026-04-09 Senate

    Delivered to Governor

  4. 2026-04-09 Senate

    Enrolled

  5. 2026-04-08 House

    Motion to Read a Third Time and Pass as Amended - Adopted Roll Call 1306 (Yeas 101, Nays 0)

  6. 2026-04-08 House

    Motion to Adopt - Adopted Roll Call 1305 (Yeas 105, Nays 0)

  7. 2026-04-08 House

    Motion to Adopt - Adopted Roll Call 1304 (Yeas 105, Nays 0)

  8. 2026-04-08 House

    Third Reading in Second House (Yeas 105, Nays 0)

  9. 2026-04-08 Senate

    Gudger Motion to Concur In and Adopt House Amendment - Adopted Roll Call 1260 (Yeas 33, Nays 0)

  10. 2026-04-08 Senate

    Ready to Enroll

  11. 2026-04-08 House

    Blackshear 1st Amendment Offered

  12. 2026-04-08 House

    Commerce and Small Business Engrossed Substitute Offered

  13. 2026-02-19 House

    Read for the Second Time and placed on the Calendar

  14. 2026-02-18 House

    Reported Out of Committee Second House

  15. 2026-02-12 Senate

    Motion to Read a Third Time and Pass - Adopted Roll Call 388 (Yeas 30, Nays 1)

  16. 2026-02-12 Senate

    Third Reading in House of Origin (Yeas 33, Nays 0)

  17. 2026-02-12 House

    Pending Committee Action in Second House

  18. 2026-02-12 House

    Read for the first time and referred to the House Committee on Commerce and Small Business

  19. 2026-01-29 Senate

    Read for the Second Time and placed on the Calendar

  20. 2026-01-28 Senate

    Reported Out of Committee House of Origin

  21. 2026-01-14 Senate

    Pending Committee Action in House of Origin

  22. 2026-01-14 Senate

    Read for the first time and referred to the Senate Committee on Fiscal Responsibility and Economic Development

Official Summary Text

This act: (1) prohibits a franchisor from enforcing, requiring as an amendment to a franchise agreement, or refusing to renew a franchise agreement for noncompliance with a religious day operation requirement when a franchisee has a sincerely held religious belief,; (2) exempts original franchise agreements, agreed upon renewals or amendments, or agreements expanding locations that contain a religious day operation requirement; and (3) upon a finding of reasonable cause, authorizes courts to order actual damages, attorneys fees, and costs to franchisees, a temporary restraining order or injunction, and civil penalties not exceeding $10,000 for a first violation, $25,000 for an additional violation, and $50,000 for an additional violation.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
SB138 ENROLLED
Page 0
SB138
DG8QQTN-2
By Senator Roberts
RFD: Fiscal Responsibility and Economic Development
First Read: 14-Jan-26
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SB138 Enrolled
Page 1
First Read: 14-Jan-26
Enrolled, An Act,
Relating to franchises; to prohibit a franchisor from
requiring a franchisee that asserts a sincerely held religious
belief to operate on a religious day under certain
circumstances; and to provide a cause of action for
violations.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF ALABAMA:
Section 1. (a) For purposes of this section, the
following terms have the following meanings:
(1)FRANCHISE AGREEMENT. A written agreement or an
amendment or renewal of a written agreement, or in the absence
of a written agreement, a course of practice, in which a
person grants to another person a license to use a trade name,
trademark, service mark, or related characteristic in exchange
for the payment of a franchise fee. The term includes a sales
and service agreement other than a sales and service agreement
regulated by Chapter 20 of Title 8, Code of Alabama 1975, The
Motor Vehicle Franchise Act; Chapter 8A of Tile 28, Code of
Alabama 1975; or Chapter 9 of Title 28, Code of Alabama 1975.
(2) FRANCHISEE. a. A person with which a franchisor has
agreed or permitted, in writing or in practice, to purchase,
sell, or offer for sale a product manufactured, produced,
represented, or distributed by the franchisor in exchange for
the payment of a franchise fee from the franchisee to the
franchisor.
b. The term does not include a person regulated under
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SB138 Enrolled
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b. The term does not include a person regulated under
Chapter 20 of Title 8, Code of Alabama 1975, The Motor Vehicle
Franchise Act; Chapter 8A of Title 28, Code of Alabama 1975;
Chapter 9 of Title 28, Code of Alabama 1975; or Chapter 15 of
Title 34, Code of Alabama 1975.
(3) FRANCHISOR. a. A person that has agreed with or
permits, in writing or in practice, a franchisee to purchase,
sell, or offer for sale a product manufactured, produced,
assembled, represented, or distributed by the franchisor. The
term includes: (i) the manufacturer, producer, assembler, or
distributor of the product; (ii) an intermediate distributor;
and (iii) an agent, officer, or field or area representative
of the franchisor.
b. The term does not include a person regulated under
Chapter 20 of Title 8, Code of Alabama 1975, The Motor Vehicle
Franchise Act; Chapter 8A of Title 28, Code of Alabama 1975;
Chapter 9 of Title 28, Code of Alabama 1975; or Chapter 15 of
Title 34, Code of Alabama 1975.
(4) ORIGINAL FRANCHISE AGREEMENT. A franchise agreement
that is not a renewal or an amendment. The term includes any
written documents incorporated into the agreement by
reference.
(5) RELIGIOUS DAY OPERATION REQUIREMENT. Any
requirement that has the effect of requiring a franchisee to
operate a franchise on a day when doing so would conflict with
the franchisee's sincerely held religious beliefs.
(b) Except as provided in subsection (c), when a
franchisee asserts a sincerely held religious belief, a
franchisor may not:
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SB138 Enrolled
Page 3
franchisor may not:
(1) Enforce a religious day operation requirement;
(2) Require a franchisee to accept a religious day
operation requirement as part of an amendment to the franchise
agreement; or
(3) Refuse to renew a franchise agreement based on a
franchisee's decision to not comply with a religious day
operation requirement.
(c) Subsection (b) does not apply and a franchisor is
not prohibited from enforcing a religious day operation
requirement when:
(1) The original franchise agreement or franchise
agreement then in effect conspicuously provides for operation
on a day that imposes a religious day operation requirement;
(2) The franchisee agrees through a renewal or an
amendment to the franchise agreement to a religious day
operation requirement; or
(3) The franchisor and the franchisee enter a franchise
agreement expanding the franchisee's number of franchise
locations which contains a religious day operation
requirement.
(d) If a court finds reasonable cause to believe that a
franchisor violated subsection (b), the court may order:
(1) Actual damages, reasonable attorney fees, and costs
to the franchisee;
(2) A permanent or temporary injunction, a temporary
restraining order, or other appropriate order; and
(3) Civil penalties against the franchisor in an amount
not exceeding:
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not exceeding:
a. Ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for a first
violation;
b. Twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) for an
additional violation within the five-year period ending on the
day on which the franchisee filed the complaint; or
c. Fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) for an additional
violation within the seven-year period ending on the day on
which the franchisee filed the complaint.
Section 2. This act shall become effective on June 1,
2026.
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SB138 Enrolled
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2026.
________________________________________________
President and Presiding Officer of the Senate
________________________________________________
Speaker of the House of Representatives
SB138
Senate 12-Feb-26
I hereby certify that the within Act originated in and passed
the Senate.
Patrick Harris,
Secretary.
House of Representatives
Amended and passed: 08-Apr-26
Senate concurred in House amendment 08-Apr-26
By: Senator Roberts
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