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SB197 • 2026

Food trucks and other mobile food vendors; require one health inspection and fire inspection to apply statewide

Food trucks and other mobile food vendors; require one health inspection and fire inspection to apply statewide

Energy
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Roberts
Last action
2026-04-09
Official status
Enacted
Effective date
2026-07-01

Plain English Breakdown

The bill text does not provide specific details about penalties for repeat offenders beyond stating it is a Class C misdemeanor with additional restrictions.

Food Trucks and Mobile Food Vendors Health and Fire Inspections

This law allows mobile food vendors to operate with a single health inspection from their commissary's county and a fire inspection from an authorized local fire department, instead of separate inspections in each city or town.

What This Bill Does

  • Allows mobile food units to be exempt from multiple health and fire inspections if they have valid certificates from the commissary’s county and an authorized local fire inspector.
  • Requires the State Fire Marshal to create a uniform statewide fire inspection process for mobile food units, including specific safety standards.
  • Gives health and fire officials the power to inspect mobile food units at any time and order them to stop operating if there are serious health or safety issues.
  • Makes it illegal to operate without valid health and fire certificates, with penalties for repeat offenders.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Mobile food vendors who need health and fire inspections to operate in different locations.
  • Health departments that issue health inspection certificates.
  • Local fire departments authorized by the State Fire Marshal to conduct fire safety inspections.
  • Consumers who buy food from mobile food units.

Terms To Know

Commissary
A place where a mobile food unit goes after daily operation for servicing and resupplying.
Certifying Fire Official
The State Fire Marshal or an authorized local fire department that can conduct fire safety inspections.

Limits and Unknowns

  • This law only applies to mobile food units starting January 1, 2027.
  • Health and fire officials still have the authority to inspect and order a unit to stop operating if there are significant health or safety issues.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

2J2P4IS-1

R 472 • Roberts

Adopted

Plain English: 2J2P4IS-1 : 1/29/2026 : PMG 1ST ROBERTS AMENDMENT TO SB197 OFFERED BY SENATOR ROBERTS Page 1 Replace lines 52 through 54 on page 2 with the following: (3) IFC MOBILE FOOD PREPARATION VEHICLES PROVISIONS.

  • 2J2P4IS-1 : 1/29/2026 : PMG 1ST ROBERTS AMENDMENT TO SB197 OFFERED BY SENATOR ROBERTS Page 1 Replace lines 52 through 54 on page 2 with the following: (3) IFC MOBILE FOOD PREPARATION VEHICLES PROVISIONS.
  • The International Fire Code provisions for mobile food preparation vehicles as adopted by the Alabama Department of Insurance for State Fire Marshal regulations.
  • Replace line 91 on page 4 with the following: with IFC Mobile Food Preparation Vehicles provisions and shall ensure, at a minimum, that: Replace line 98 on page 4 with the following: d.
  • All LP-gas systems comply with NFPA 58 and IFC Mobile Food Preparation Vehicles provisions; 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
  • This amendment summary is using official source text because generated interpretation was skipped for this run.

Bill History

  1. 2026-04-09 Senate

    Enacted

  2. 2026-04-02 House

    Motion to Read a Third Time and Pass - Adopted Roll Call 1185 (Yeas 103, Nays 0)

  3. 2026-04-02 House

    Third Reading in Second House (Yeas 104, Nays 0)

  4. 2026-04-02 House

    Signature Requested

  5. 2026-04-02 Senate

    Delivered to Governor

  6. 2026-04-02 Senate

    Enrolled

  7. 2026-04-02 Senate

    Ready to Enroll

  8. 2026-04-02 Senate

    Ready to Enroll

  9. 2026-02-25 House

    Read for the Second Time and placed on the Calendar

  10. 2026-02-25 House

    Reported Out of Committee Second House

  11. 2026-02-19 Senate

    Motion to Read a Third Time and Pass as Amended - Adopted Roll Call 473 (Yeas 27, Nays 0)

  12. 2026-02-19 Senate

    Roberts motion to Adopt - Adopted Roll Call 472 (Yeas 27, Nays 0)

  13. 2026-02-19 Senate

    Third Reading in House of Origin (Yeas 27, Nays 0)

  14. 2026-02-19 House

    Pending Committee Action in Second House

  15. 2026-02-19 House

    Read for the first time and referred to the House Committee on Health

  16. 2026-02-19 Senate

    Engrossed

  17. 2026-02-19 Senate

    Roberts 1st Amendment Offered

  18. 2026-01-29 Senate

    Read for the Second Time and placed on the Calendar

  19. 2026-01-28 Senate

    Reported Out of Committee House of Origin

  20. 2026-01-21 Senate

    Pending Committee Action in House of Origin

  21. 2026-01-21 Senate

    Read for the first time and referred to the Senate Committee on County and Municipal Government

Official Summary Text

This act: (1) beginning January 1, 2027, exempts mobile food units from county and municipal health and fire inspections if a unit holds a valid health inspection certificate from the health department of the county of the permitted food establishment to which the unit returns after daily operation and a valid fire inspection certificate from a local fire department authorized to inspect mobile food units by the State Fire Marshal; (2) requires the State Fire Marshal to establish a statewide uniform fire inspection process for mobile food units, to include specified criteria, and maintain a list of certifying local fire inspectors; (3) provides that health and fire officials are not precluded from inspecting mobile food units and taking certain actions, including ordering to cease operation, if significant health issues are present; and (4) provides that operating a mobile food unit without valid health and fire inspection certificates is a Class C misdemeanor and that a subsequent violation prohibits operating for 30 days.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
SB197 ENROLLED
Page 0
SB197
4UGNF3R-3
By Senator Roberts
RFD: County and Municipal Government
First Read: 21-Jan-26
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SB197 Enrolled
Page 1
First Read: 21-Jan-26
Enrolled, An Act,
Relating to food trucks and other mobile food vendors;
to exempt mobile food vendors from obtaining individual health
and fire inspections in various locations throughout the state
in order to operate, so long as the vendors periodically
undergo one health and one fire inspection that apply
statewide; to require the State Fire Marshal to establish a
statewide uniform fire inspection process for mobile food
vendors and to maintain a list of certifying fire inspectors;
and to provide for criminal penalties for
violations.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF ALABAMA:
Section 1. (a) As used in this section, the following
terms have the following meanings:
(1) CERTIFYING FIRE OFFICIAL. The State Fire Marshal or
a local fire department authorized to conduct fire safety
inspections under subdivision (c)(1).
(2) COMMISSARY. A food service establishment permitted
by the Alabama Department of Public Health to which a mobile
food unit returns after operating for the day for servicing
and resupplying.
(3) IFC MOBILE FOOD PREPARATION VEHICLES PROVISIONS.
The International Fire Code provisions for mobile food
preparation vehicles as adopted by the Alabama Department of
Insurance for State Fire Marshal regulations.
(4) MOBILE FOOD UNIT. A mobile food service
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SB197 Enrolled
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(4) MOBILE FOOD UNIT. A mobile food service
establishment from which a vendor prepares, cooks, sells, or
serves food. The term includes any mobile food establishment
regulated by the Alabama Department of Public Health,
including any structure housed on a motor vehicle chassis or
vessel or on a trailer that a motor vehicle pulls to transport
the cooking equipment or food service establishment, or a cart
used for food services which is not motorized.
(b)(1) On and after January 1, 2027, a mobile food unit
that holds a valid health inspection certificate and a valid
fire inspection certificate in accordance with subsection (c)
shall be exempt from any further health or fire safety
inspections that are or would otherwise be required by the
governing body of a county or municipality or political
subdivision thereof as a condition to operating the mobile
food unit in that local jurisdiction; provided, however, a
county health department or certifying fire official may: (i)
inspect a mobile food unit at any time while in operation; and
(ii) order the mobile food unit to immediately cease
operations if a significant health violation or life safety
violation is discovered.
(2) The health inspection and certification described
in subdivision (1) shall be conducted by the county health
department in the jurisdiction where the mobile food unit's
commissary is located. The fire inspection and certification
shall be conducted by any fire official of a local fire
department in the state authorized pursuant to subdivision
(c)(1).
(c)(1) The State Fire Marshal shall maintain a list of
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SB197 Enrolled
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(c)(1) The State Fire Marshal shall maintain a list of
local fire departments in the state that are authorized by the
State Fire Marshal to conduct fire inspections pursuant to
this section.
(2) The State Fire Marshal shall establish a uniform
statewide fire safety inspection process for mobile food units
to ensure compliance with all state adopted codes and
standards. The fire safety inspection shall be in compliance
with IFC Mobile Food Preparation Vehicles provisions and shall
ensure, at a minimum, that:
a. All hoods and hood suppression systems comply with
the requirements of NFPA 96;
b. Hood suppression systems are serviced and tagged at
least every six months;
c. Hood cleaning is performed and tagged at least every
six months;
d. All LP-gas systems comply with NFPA 58 and IFC
Mobile Food Preparation Vehicles provisions;
e. An annual LP-gas pressure test is performed by a gas
fitter certified by the Alabama Liquefied Petroleum Gas Board;
f. Plumbing for LP-gas is installed in compliance with
NFPA 58; and
g. All electrical appliances comply with NFPA 70.
(3) A mobile food vendor unit shall maintain and make
available all records for equipment and maintenance.
(4) Any modification or alteration of an appliance,
operating procedure, or safety equipment of a mobile food unit
may void a fire inspection certificate.
(5) A fire inspection certificate shall be valid for a
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SB197 Enrolled
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(5) A fire inspection certificate shall be valid for a
six-month period.
(6) Significant violations shall be addressed by the
certifying fire official and referred to the State Fire
Marshal.
(d) Nothing in this section shall prohibit the
governing body of a county or municipality or political
subdivision thereof from requiring a mobile food unit, as a
condition of operating in that jurisdiction, to comply with
any ordinance or regulation, including requiring a business
license.
(e) To the extent that a mobile food unit is required
by law, rule, regulation, or ordinance to undergo a health or
fire safety inspection, whether state or local, as a condition
to operate in a specific jurisdiction, this section shall
supersede any such provision but shall otherwise be construed
in pari materia with other state and local laws.
(f) On and after January 1, 2027, the owner of a mobile
food unit who operates a mobile food unit or allows the mobile
food unit to operate without a valid health inspection
certificate and a valid fire inspection certificate issued
pursuant to this section shall be guilty of a Class C
misdemeanor. Upon a second or subsequent violation, the owner
shall be prohibited from operating the mobile food unit for a
period of 30 days.
(g) Nothing in this section shall prevent a health
officer of fire safety officer from inspecting a mobile food
unit and taking other appropriate measures if he or she
reasonably believes there is an immediate risk to public
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SB197 Enrolled
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reasonably believes there is an immediate risk to public
health or safety.
Section 2. This act shall become effective on July 1,
2026.
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SB197 Enrolled
Page 6
2026.
________________________________________________
President and Presiding Officer of the Senate
________________________________________________
Speaker of the House of Representatives
SB197
Senate 19-Feb-26
I hereby certify that the within Act originated in and passed
the Senate, as amended.
Patrick Harris,
Secretary.
House of Representatives
Passed: 02-Apr-26
By: Senator Roberts
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