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HB2123 • 2026

bullion depository; establishment

HB2123 - bullion depository; establishment

Taxes
Passed Legislature

This bill passed both chambers and reached final enrollment, even if later executive action is not shown here.

Sponsor
Lisa Fink
Last action
2026-03-10
Official status
House third read failed
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The exact economic impacts of recognizing gold and silver as legal tender are uncertain.

Arizona Bullion Depository Establishment

HB2123 establishes the Arizona Bullion Depository, which will be managed by the State Treasurer and allows for gold and silver to be used as legal tender under certain conditions.

What This Bill Does

  • Creates a new Arizona Bullion Depository that stores gold and silver bullion and coins.
  • Requires the State Treasurer to manage the depository and contract with third parties for daily operations and electronic payment systems.
  • Ensures that all deposits are insured against loss or damage.
  • Allows residents to use an electronic system linked to the depository for transactions involving gold and silver.
  • Recognizes gold and silver as legal tender in Arizona under specific conditions.

Who It Names or Affects

  • The State Treasurer of Arizona
  • Residents of Arizona who want to store or transact with gold and silver bullion
  • Third-party vendors contracted by the State Treasurer

Terms To Know

Legal tender
A medium of exchange, such as coins or paper money, that is officially recognized for paying debts.
Specie
Coins or bullion made from precious metals like gold and silver.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill does not specify how the depository will be funded.
  • It is unclear what specific economic impacts recognizing gold and silver as legal tender might have.
  • Details about the electronic payment system's implementation are left to future regulations or agreements.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

Plain English: DIANA CLAY / ISABELLA GUTWEIN 2/25/2026 (602) 926-3848 ARIZONA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FLOOR AMENDMENT EXPLANATION 57th Legislature, 2nd Regular Session Majority Research Staff HB 2123: bullion depository; establishment FINK FLOOR AMENDMENT 1.

  • DIANA CLAY / ISABELLA GUTWEIN 2/25/2026 (602) 926-3848 ARIZONA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FLOOR AMENDMENT EXPLANATION 57th Legislature, 2nd Regular Session Majority Research Staff HB 2123: bullion depository; establishment FINK FLOOR AMENDMENT 1.
  • Stipulates that the State Treasurer must implement and discharge the duties for the depository's administration in a manner consistent with a prudent investor.
  • 2.
  • Redefines transactional gold or silver.
  • This amendment summary is using official source text because generated interpretation was skipped for this run.

Bill History

  1. 2026-03-10 House

    House third read failed

  2. 2026-03-04 House

    House passed

  3. 2026-03-04 House

    House third read failed

  4. 2026-03-02 House

    House amended committee of the whole

  5. 2026-03-02 House

    House passed

  6. 2026-02-25 House

    House committee of the whole

  7. 2026-02-10 House

    House minority caucus

  8. 2026-02-10 House

    House majority caucus

  9. 2026-02-09 House

    House consent calendar

  10. 2026-01-13 House

    House second read

  11. 2026-01-12 House

    House Rules: C&P

  12. 2026-01-12 House

    House Regulatory Oversight: DP

  13. 2026-01-12 House

    House first read

Official Summary Text

HB2123 - 572R - House Bill Summary

ARIZONA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

57th
Legislature, 2nd Regular Session

Majority Research Staff

House
: RO DP 4-0-1-0

HB
2123
: bullion depository; establishment

Sponsor:
Representative Fink, LD 27

House
Engrossed

Overview

Establishes
the Arizona Bullion Depository (Depository), administered by the Arizona State
Treasurer (Treasurer).� Outlines the Treasurer's powers, duties and reporting
requirements.� Recognizes gold and silver specie as legal tender.

History

The primary duties of the Treasurer are to
receive and hold monies belonging to Arizona that are not required to be kept
by some other person, to keep an account of all monies received and disbursed
and to keep separate accounts of the funds and appropriations of monies. Other
key functions include paying warrants of the Arizona Department of
Administration, supporting the financial literacy of Arizonans and administering
the AZ529 plan, Arizona's education savings plan. Statute designates the
Treasurer to invest state monies and administer local government investment
pools (A.R.S. ��
41-172
,
35-313
,
35-326
).

Federal law recognizes coins and currency, including Federal
Reserve and national bank notes, as legal tender for the payment of all debts,
public charges, taxes and dues. Foreign gold or silver coins are not recognized
as legal tender for debt payment purposes. The U.S. Constitution prohibits
individual states from coining money, emitting bills of credit and making
anything, except for gold and silver coins, legal tender (
31 U.S.C. �
5103
); (
U.S.
Const. art. I, � 10 cl. 1
).

Provisions

1.

Establishes
the Depository, which serves as the custodian, guardian and administrator of
certain bullion and specie that may be transferred to or otherwise acquired by
Arizona or its residents. (Sec. 1)

2.

Designates
the Treasurer to administer the Depository, which must be a secure location to store
bullion. (Sec. 1)

3.

Stipulates
that the Treasurer must implement and discharge the duties for the Depository's
administration in a manner consistent with a prudent investor.� (Sec. 1)

4.

Authorizes
the Treasurer to contract with a third party to administer the Depository's
daily operations. (Sec. 1)

5.

States the
Treasurer must contract with a third-party vendor to authorize and approve one
or more electronic payment systems. (Sec. 1)

6.

Stipulates
the information of Arizona residents using the electronic payment system cannot
be used in any
social credit scoring system
.� (Sec. 1)

7.

Requires the
third-party vendor that has entered into a contract with the Treasurer to
provide vault facilities for the storage of bullion and specifies requirements.
(Sec. 1)

8.

States that each
deposit made in the Depository must be insured under an all-risk insurance
policy as outlined. (Sec. 1)

9.

Directs the
Treasurer to submit a report by June 30 each year to the Governor and
Legislature that includes:

a.

the status and operations of the
Depository;

b.

the implementation and usage of
the electronic payment system; and

c.

the economic impact of
recognizing gold and silver as legal tender. (Sec. 1)

10.

Recognizes
gold and silver as legal tender that may be used for certain payments. (Sec. 1)

11.

Specifies
that the purchase, sale or exchange of any type of specie or bullion does not
create any tax liability. (Sec. 1)

12.

Prohibits the
compulsion of any person or entity in Arizona to accept gold or silver specie
as a form of payment except as outlined. (Sec. 1)

13.

Defines
pertinent terms. (Sec. 1)

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Initials DC/IG���������������� HB 2123

3/2/2026��� Page 0 House Engrossed

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Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
HB2123 - 572R - H Ver

House Engrossed

bullion depository;
establishment

State of Arizona

House of Representatives

Fifty-seventh Legislature

Second Regular Session

2026

HOUSE BILL 2123

AN
ACT

Amending title 6, Arizona Revised
Statutes, by adding chapter 18; relating to financial institutions.

(TEXT OF BILL BEGINS ON NEXT PAGE)

Be it
enacted by the Legislature of the State of Arizona:

Section 1. Title 6, Arizona Revised Statutes,
is amended by adding chapter 18, to read:

CHAPTER
18

ARIZONA
BULLION DEPOSITORY

ARTICLE
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

START_STATUTE
6-1801.

Definitions

in this chapter, unless the context otherwise
requires:

1. "Account holder" means a
person with a single account or joint account in a bullion depository.

2. "Allocated basis":

(
a
) Means
bullion that:

(
i
) Is
specifically identified.

(
ii
) Is or may
be segregated.

(
iii
) Is held
for the sole benefit of an account holder.

(
b
) Does not
constitute a general asset or liability of the depository or any person other
than the account holder.

3. "Bullion":

(
a
) Means
refined precious gold metal and silver metal that is:

(
i
) In any
shape or form.

(
ii
) Valued
primarily based on the metal content of the gold or silver and not on the form
or function of the gold or silver.

(
b
) Includes
gold coin and silver coin. For the purposes of this subdivision:

(
i
) "Gold
coin" means gold metal that is in the shape of a bar or other physical
form and that is certified at least 99.5 percent pure gold metal.

(
ii
) "Silver
coin" means silver metal that is in the shape of a bar or other physical
form and that is certified at least 99.9 percent pure silver metal.

4. "Depository" means the
Arizona Bullion depository established by section 6-1802.

5. "Electronic payment
system":

(
a
) Means an
electronic platform or payment system that uses gold or silver specie as the
basis for transactions and that does all of the following:

(
i
) uses
bullion held in a depository for electronic transactions.

(
ii
) allows for
the redemption of bullion by system participants.

(
iii
) enables
account holders to make payments to participating vendors.

(
iv
) is
authorized and approved by the state treasurer to provide accounts that hold
bullion and that allow users to buy, sell, save or spend bullion as a form of
legal tender.

(
b
) Includes
transactional gold or silver. For the purposes of this subdivision,
"Transactional gold or silver" means
a transfer
of ownership of physical bullion in exact units of metal in fractional troy
ounces or grams that:

(
i
) May be
transferred through electronic or written instruction by the owner of the
bullion.

(
ii
) May be
used to make or receive payments or to transfer value between persons that
consent to its use in this state.

(
iii
) Is held
in a depository on an allocated basis, including through any pooled bullion
holding, with each account holder that possesses an ownership interest in the
underlying bullion.

(
iv
) Is fully
redeemable as physical bullion on demand by the owner of the bullion.

6. "Legal tender" means a
medium of exchange, including specie, that is recognized by this state for the
payment of debts, taxes, fees and other obligations.

7. "Social credit scoring
system" Means a system of recordkeeping, data collection or scoring that
evaluates, monitors or ranks an individual's or entity's behavior, beliefs,
associations or compliance with government or corporate standards and that
conditions access to services, benefits or opportunities based on that
evaluation.

8. "Specie" means coin or
bullion of gold or silver that has intrinsic value and is used or intended for
use as currency.
END_STATUTE

START_STATUTE
6-1802.

Arizona bullion depository; administration; electronic payment system;
annual report

A. the ARizona Bullion
Depository is established. the state treasurer shall administer the
depository. the depository serves as the custodian, guardian and
administrator of bullion and specie that may be transferred to or otherwise
acquired by this state or residents of this state. The depository
shall provide a secure location for storing bullion.
An account holder
may use the
depository to deposit bullion for electronic use.

B. The state treasurer
may contract with a third party to administer the daily operations of the
depository.

C. THE STATE TREASURER
SHALL contract with a third-party vendor in this state to authorize and APPROVE
one or more ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEMs. The tHIRD-PARTY VENDOR
must comply with all state and federal financial laws. The
information of Residents of this state who use the ELECTRONIC payment system
may not be used in any social credit scoring system.

D. For the purposes of subsection B
and C of this section, the third party shall provide vault facilities within
the united states for the storage of bullion that:

1. Complies with the requirements
prescribed by the London bullion market association or an equivalent best
practices guidelines.

2. Provides accounts that do both of
the following:

(
a
) Hold
bullion.

(
b
) Allow
account holders to buy, sell, save or spend bullion.

E. The depository shall ensure that
each deposit made in the depository is insured under an all-risk
insurance policy that is issued by a nongovernmental operated insurer for one
hundred percent of the full replacement value of the deposit.

f. On or before june 30 of each year,
the state treasurer shall submit a report to the governor, the president of the
senate and the speaker of the house of representatives that includes all of the
following:

1. The status and operations of the
depository.

2. The implementation and usage of
the electronic payment system.

3. The economic impact of RECOGNIZING
gold and silver as legal tender.
END_STATUTE

START_STATUTE
6-1803.

Standard; prudent investor

THE state treasurer
shall
implement and discharge the state treasurer's duties under this chapter in a
manner consistent with that of a prudent investor.

END_STATUTE

START_STATUTE
6-1804.

Legal tender; gold and silver specie

A. Gold and silver specie are
recognized as a legal tender in this state and may be used for the payment of
either of the following:

1. if mutually agreed on, Debts
between private parties.

2. if this state or a political
subdivision of this state agrees to accept specie as a form of payment of
Taxes, fees or other obligations owed to this state or a political subdivision
of this state.

B. The purchase, sale or exchange of
any type of specie or bullion does not create any tax liability. Exchanging
one form of legal tender for another form of legal tender does not create tax
liability.

C. A person or entity in this state
may not be compelled to accept gold or silver specie as a form of payment
except as provided in this section.
END_STATUTE