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HB2126 • 2026

venue; employee conflict; superior court

HB2126 - venue; employee conflict; superior court

Labor
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Teresa Martinez
Last action
2026-04-13
Official status
Chapter 45
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The candidate explanation included details about fiscal impacts, but the official summary does not mention any specific fiscal impact to state funds.

Change of Venue for Court Employees

This law allows a change of venue in civil cases if one party is an employee of the judicial branch or clerk of the superior court under certain conditions.

What This Bill Does

  • Adds section 12-412 to Arizona Revised Statutes, which sets rules for changing where a case is heard when a party is a court employee.
  • Specifies that a change of venue as a matter of right applies if an employee holds or held a leadership position at the time the action was filed, works in the same division as the case, or if there are three or fewer divisions and the employee works in the judicial branch or clerk office.
  • Requires courts to transfer cases to another county when requested by a party who meets these conditions.
  • Limits changes of venue based on employment to those showing good cause, like risk of bias that can't be fixed with other measures.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People involved in civil actions pending in the superior court where one party is an employee of the judicial branch or clerk office.
  • Courts that handle these requests and decide on venue changes.

Terms To Know

Change of Venue
Moving a legal case to another location for trial.
Recusal
A judge stepping aside from a case due to conflict of interest or bias.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The law does not specify what happens if the parties cannot agree on an adjoining county.
  • It is unclear how this will affect court operations and resources in different counties.

Bill History

  1. 2026-04-08 Senate

    Governor signed

  2. 2026-04-07 House

    Transmitted to House

  3. 2026-04-07 Senate

    Senate third read passed

  4. 2026-03-10 Senate

    Senate minority caucus

  5. 2026-03-10 Senate

    Senate majority caucus

  6. 2026-03-09 Senate

    Senate consent calendar

  7. 2026-02-25 Senate

    Senate second read

  8. 2026-02-24 Senate

    Senate Rules: PFC

  9. 2026-02-24 Senate

    Senate Judiciary and Elections: DP

  10. 2026-02-24 Senate

    Senate first read

  11. 2026-02-10 Senate

    Transmitted to Senate

  12. 2026-02-10 House

    House third read passed

  13. 2026-02-04 House

    House committee of the whole

  14. 2026-01-27 House

    House minority caucus

  15. 2026-01-27 House

    House majority caucus

  16. 2026-01-26 House

    House consent calendar

  17. 2026-01-13 House

    House second read

  18. 2026-01-12 House

    House Rules: C&P

  19. 2026-01-12 House

    House Judiciary: DP

  20. 2026-01-12 House

    House first read

Official Summary Text

HB2126 - 572R - Senate Fact Sheet

Assigned to
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COMMITTEE

ARIZONA STATE SENATE

Fifty-Seventh
Legislature, Second Regular Session

FACT SHEET FOR
H.B. 2126

venue; employee conflict;
superior court

Purpose

Grants a party
to a civil action pending in the superior court the right to a change of venue
when a party to the action is an employee of the judicial branch or the clerk
of the superior court in the county where the action is pending and specified
conditions are met.

Background

In Arizona, a
person may not be sued outside of the county in which the person resides,
except under certain circumstances, including when: 1) there are several
defendants who reside in different counties; 2) the action is against a public
officer, in which case the action must be brought in the county in which the
public officer holds office; and 3) the case is one of fraud or defalcation of
public officers, in which case the action may be brought in the county in which
the fraud was committed or the defalcation occurred (
A.R.S.
� 12-401
).

The superior
court may transfer an action for trial to the superior court of a different
county upon written consent of the parties or the parties' attorneys. Venue may
also be changed if either party to a civil action pending in the superior court
files an affidavit in the action, after answer has been filed, alleging that:
1) there is so great a prejudice against the party requesting a change of venue
in the county where the action is pending that the party cannot obtain a fair
and impartial trial; 2) the convenience of witnesses and the ends of justice
would be promoted by the change; or 3) there is other good and sufficient
cause, as determined by the court (A.R.S. ��
12-405

and

12-406
).

There is no anticipated fiscal impact to the state General Fund
associated with this legislation.

Provisions

1.

Specifies
that, if a party to a civil action in the superior court is an employee of the
judicial branch or the clerk of the superior court in the county where the
action is pending, a change of venue as a matter of right only applies if the:

a)

employee holds or held a leadership or supervisory position at the time
the action was filed, including the position of judge, commissioner, presiding
judge, court administrator, clerk of the superior court, chief deputy clerk,
division director or an equivalent management position;

b)

employee works or worked in the same division of the superior court to
which the action is assigned; or

c)

superior
court in the county where the action is pending has three or fewer divisions,
and the employee is employed by the judicial branch or clerk of the superior
court in that county.

2.

Stipulates that, if a party meets any of the outlined criteria for
change of venue, either party is entitled to a change of venue as a matter of
right.

3.

Requires the court, on request of the party applying for the change of
venue, to transfer the action to the most convenient adjoining county or to a
county agreed upon by the parties.

4.

Stipulates that, if a party does not meet the outlined criteria, a
change in venue based solely on a party's employment may only be granted on a
showing of good cause, including a demonstrated risk of actual bias or
appearance of impropriety that cannot be adequately addressed through recusal,
reassignment or use of a visiting judge.

5.

Specifies that the outlined change of venue requirements relating to
employees of the judicial branch or clerk of the superior court do not limit or
replace any other authority of the court to order recusal, reassignment or
appointment of a visiting judge.

6.

Becomes effective on the general effective date.

House Action

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3
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Read��������� 2/10/26����������������� 54-1-5

Prepared by Senate Research

March 2, 2026

ZD/KS/ci

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
Chapter 0045 - 572R - H Ver of HB2126

House Engrossed

venue; employee
conflict; superior court

State of Arizona

House of Representatives

Fifty-seventh Legislature

Second Regular Session

2026

CHAPTER 45

HOUSE BILL 2126

AN
ACT

AMENDING title 12, chapter 4, article 1, ARIZONA
REVISED STATUTES, by adding section 12-412; RELATING TO CHANGE OF VENUE.

(TEXT OF BILL BEGINS ON NEXT PAGE)

Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Arizona:

Section 1. Title 12, chapter 4, article 1,
Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended by adding section 12-412, to read:

START_STATUTE
12-412.

Procedure for change of venue when a party is a court or clerk
employee

A. If a party to a civil action
pending in the superior court is an employee of the judicial branch or the
clerk of the superior court in the county where the action is pending, a change
of venue as a matter of right
, applies only if one or
more of the following conditions are met:

1. The employee holds or held at the
time the action was filed a leadership or supervisory position, including a
judge, commissioner, presiding judge, court administrator, clerk of the superior
court, chief deputy clerk or division director or an equivalent management
position with authority over court operations or personnel.

2. The employee works or worked in
the same division of the superior court to which the action is assigned.

3. The superior court in the county
where the action is pending has three or fewer divisions, and the employee is
employed by the judicial branch or the clerk of the superior court in that
county.

B. If a party meets the criteria
prescribed in subsection a of this section, either party is entitled to a
change of venue as a matter of right.� On request of the party applying for the
change of venue, the court shall transfer the action to the most convenient
adjoining county, unless the parties agree to another county, in which case the
court shall transfer the action to the agreed-
on
county.

C. If a party does not meet the
criteria prescribed in subsection a of this section, a change of venue based
solely on the party�s employment with the judicial branch or the clerk of the
superior court may be granted only on a showing of good cause, including a
demonstrated risk of actual bias or the appearance of impropriety that cannot
be adequately addressed through recusal, reassignment or use of a visiting
judge.

D. This section does not limit or
replace any other authority of the court to order recusal, reassignment or
appointment of a visiting judge under existing law or rule.
END_STATUTE

APPROVED BY THE GOVERNOR APRIL 13, 2026.

FILED IN THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE APRIL 13, 2026.