Back to Arizona

HB2375 • 2026

housing; zoning; historic neighborhoods

HB2375 - housing; zoning; historic neighborhoods

Housing Land
Passed Legislature

This bill passed both chambers and reached final enrollment, even if later executive action is not shown here.

Sponsor
Matt Gress, Lela Alston
Last action
2026-03-25
Official status
Senate second read
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The official status indicates the bill passed both chambers, but the effective date is not listed in the provided metadata.

HB2375: Housing Rules for Historic Neighborhoods

This bill exempts historic areas from mandatory middle housing rules but allows such housing if it matches the neighborhood's character and follows specific design limits.

What This Bill Does

  • Exempts districts of historical significance and places on the National Register of Historic Places from mandatory middle housing development requirements.
  • Allows municipalities to permit middle housing in historic areas only if the new buildings match the character, scale, and setting of the surrounding area.
  • Requires that any middle housing built in historic zones follow local preservation standards or federal Secretary of Interior's Standards for treatment of historic properties.
  • Limits building height, lot coverage, and floor area ratio to levels allowed by zoning rules adopted before January 1, 2025.
  • Forbids municipalities from requiring public hearings, variances, conditional use permits, special permits, or other discretionary approvals for middle housing in these areas unless stricter preservation standards apply.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Cities and towns with populations of at least 75,000 that must authorize zoning regulations.
  • Property owners and developers building duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, or townhomes in historic districts.
  • Municipalities designated as having areas on the National Register of Historic Places.

Terms To Know

Middle housing
Buildings that include duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, or townhomes designed to be similar in scale and form to single-family houses.
National Register of Historic Places
A list maintained by the federal government of historic districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects worthy of preservation.
Floor area ratio
The amount of allowed square footage in a building compared to the size of the land parcel it sits on.

Limits and Unknowns

  • Middle housing cannot be built on sites where historic structures were demolished unless the demolition was necessary due to danger to public health, safety, or welfare.
  • The bill does not change existing development agreements that were in place before September 14, 2024.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

Plain English: This amendment stops new middle housing from being built on sites where historic buildings were demolished unless the demolition was needed to protect public safety.

  • Cities cannot allow duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, or townhomes on land where a National Register of Historic Places building or a city-designated historic structure was torn down.
  • The amendment text is cut off at the end, so rules about how new buildings must look in historic areas are incomplete.
  • It does not explain exactly what conditions count as 'danger to public health, safety and welfare' that would allow demolition.

Plain English: This amendment adds rules to require large cities in Arizona to allow small apartment buildings and townhomes near downtown areas while protecting historic neighborhoods from these new requirements.

  • Cities with at least 75,000 people must allow duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, and townhomes within one mile of their central business district by January 1, 2026.
  • New large housing developments over ten acres must include these types of homes on at least twenty percent of the land.
  • Cities are banned from requiring owners to live in the building, forcing extra parking spaces, or using stricter rules for these homes than for single-family houses.
  • The amendment specifically excludes areas designated as historic districts by local cities or listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
  • The text provided is cut off at the end and does not show the full definition for 'triplex'.

Plain English: This amendment adds rules to allow middle housing in historic neighborhoods only if the new buildings match the area's historical style.

  • Cities can now require that duplexes and townhomes built in historic districts look compatible with the surrounding neighborhood.
  • Local governments may enforce specific design standards for height, size, roof shape, and building placement to protect historic character.
  • New middle housing projects must follow existing zoning limits on how tall or large a building can be.
  • The provided text is cut off at the end of Section H and does not include the full definition for 'Building code' in Section L.
  • Some specific details about public input processes mentioned near the end are incomplete due to the truncated text.

Plain English: This amendment requires large Arizona cities to allow duplexes, triplexes, and townhomes in specific areas by January 2026 while setting special rules for historic neighborhoods.

  • Cities with at least 75,000 people must allow middle housing like duplexes within one mile of their downtown area or on large new developments.
  • Local governments cannot require owners to live in the building, limit parking to more than one space per unit, or use stricter rules for these homes compared to single-family houses.
  • Cities can protect historic buildings from demolition and enforce design standards in historic districts without reducing how many housing units are allowed on a lot.
  • If cities do not update their laws by January 1, 2026, middle housing will automatically be allowed on all residential lots with no restrictions.
  • The official text provided is cut off at the end of page 3 and does not include the full definition for 'Fourplex' or any remaining sections.
  • Some technical terms like specific legal codes for airports are referenced but their exact details are not explained in this document.

Bill History

  1. 2026-03-25 Senate

    Senate second read

  2. 2026-03-24 Senate

    Senate Rules: None

  3. 2026-03-24 Senate

    Senate Regulatory Affairs and Government Efficiency: None

  4. 2026-03-24 Senate

    Senate first read

  5. 2026-03-18 Senate

    Transmitted to Senate

  6. 2026-03-18 House

    House third read passed

  7. 2026-03-09 House

    House committee of the whole

  8. 2026-02-24 House

    House minority caucus

  9. 2026-02-24 House

    House majority caucus

  10. 2026-01-26 House

    House second read

  11. 2026-01-22 House

    House Rules: C&P

  12. 2026-01-22 House

    House Government: DPA

  13. 2026-01-22 House

    House first read

Official Summary Text

HB2375 - 572R - House Bill Summary

ARIZONA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

57th
Legislature, 2nd Regular Session

Majority Research Staff

House:
GOV DPA 4-3-0-0

HB
2375
: housing; zoning; historic neighborhoods

Sponsor:
Representative Gress, LD 4

House
Engrossed

Overview

Includes
historic areas in the list of exemptions from duplex, triplex, fourplex and
townhome (middle housing) development requirements.

History

A city or town (municipality) with a population of at least
75,000, or through an ordinance incorporated into its development regulations
must authorize zoning regulations for middle housing on lots zoned for
single-family residential and any new development with at least ten acres of
continuous land. Middle housing requirements do not apply to areas that: 1) are
not incorporated; 2) lack sufficient urban services; 3) are not served by water
and sewer services; 4) are not zoned for residential use; 5) are not
incorporated and are zoned for planned urban development; 6) are covered under
domestic water improvement districts and domestic wastewater improvement
districts; or 7) are within the vicinity of a public or military airport (
A.R.S. �
9-462.13
).

Provisions

1.

Exempts a
district of historical significance and� a historic area on the National
Register of Historic Places from being used by a municipality for the
development of middle housing. (Sec. 1)

2.

Permits for
middle housing to be developed in areas deemed historic by a municipality� or
designated as historic on the National Register of Historic Places if the
middle housing is designed to be compatible with the historic character, scale
and setting of the surrounding area. (Sec. 1)

3.

Stipulates
the following for middle housing that is developed in areas deemed historic:

a.

a municipality can require that
middle housing comply with the historic preservation or design standards
adopted by the municipality or the United States Secretary of Interior's
Standards for the treatment of historic properties;

b.

a municipality can regulate
standards including building height, massing, lot coverage, setbacks, roof
form, site layout and overall building volume; and

c.

middle housing cannot exceed the
maximum building height, lot coverage or floor area ratio that is allowed by
applicable zoning regulations that were adopted prior to January 1, 2025. (Sec.
1)

4.

Allows a
municipality to require an administrative site plan review for confirming
compliance with applicable standards, unless stricter zoning regulations are
required by applicable historic preservation standards. (Sec. 1)

5.

Forbids
municipalities from requiring a public hearing, variance, conditional use
permit, special permit or other discretionary approval process for developing
middle housing in areas deemed historic. (Sec. 1)

6.

Prohibits
middle housing from being developed on a site where a National Register of
Historic Places structure or structure designated as historic by a municipality
was demolished unless the demolition was necessary because of conditions that
constitute danger to public health, safety and welfare. (Sec. 1)

7.

Contains an
emergency clause. (Sec. 2)

8.

Makes
technical and conforming changes. (Sec. 1)

---------- DOCUMENT FOOTER ---------

Initials ML���������������� HB
2375

2/6/2026��������� Page
0 House Engrossed

---------- DOCUMENT FOOTER ---------

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
HB2375 - 572R - H Ver

*Sponsorship has changed since the bill was introduced

House Engrossed

housing; zoning;
historic neighborhoods

State of Arizona

House of Representatives

Fifty-seventh Legislature

Second Regular Session

2026

HOUSE BILL 2375

AN
ACT

amending section 9-462.13, Arizona
Revised Statutes; relating to housing.

(TEXT OF BILL BEGINS ON NEXT PAGE)

Be it
enacted by the Legislature of the State of Arizona:

Section 1. Section 9-462.13, Arizona Revised
Statutes, is amended to read:

START_STATUTE
9-462.13.

Zoning; development; middle housing; applicability; definitions

A.
On or before January 1,
2026, a municipality with a population of seventy-five thousand persons
or more must authorize
,
by ordinance and incorporate into
its development regulations, zoning regulations and other official controls
,
the development of duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes and
townhomes as a permitted use on both of the following:

1. All lots zoned for single-family
residential use within one mile of the municipality's central business
district.

2. At least twenty percent of any new development of
more than ten contiguous acres.

B. The municipality may not do any of the following:

1. Discourage the development of middle housing
through requirements or actions that individually or cumulatively make
impracticable the permitting, siting
,
or
construction of middle housing.

2. Restrict middle housing types to less than two
floors.

3. Restrict middle housing types to a floor area
ratio of less than fifty percent.

4. Set restrictions, permitting or review processes
for middle housing that are more restrictive than those for single-family
dwellings within the same zone.

5. Require owner occupancy of any structures on the
lot.

6. Require any structures to comply with a
commercial building code or to contain a fire sprinkler.

7. Require more than one off-street parking space
per unit.

C. This section does not prohibit the governing body
of a municipality from allowing either of the following:

1. Single-family dwellings in areas zoned for
single-family dwellings.

2. Additional types of middle housing not required
under this section.

D. This section does not apply to any of the
following:

1. Areas that are not incorporated.

2. Areas that lack sufficient urban services.

3. Areas that are not served by water and sewer
services.

4. Areas that are not zoned for residential use.

5. Areas that are not incorporated and are zoned
under an interim zoning designation that maintains the area's potential for
planned urban development.

6. Areas covered under title 48, chapter 6, article
4.

7. Any land within the territory in the vicinity of
a public airport as defined in section 28-8486 or to the extent this
section would interfere with the public airport's ability to comply with the
laws, regulations and requirements of the United States related to applying
for, receiving or spending federal monies.

8. Any land within the territory in the vicinity of
a military airport as defined in section 28-8461.

9. Areas that are designated as a
district of historical significance pursuant to section 9-462.01,
subsection A, paragraph 10.

10. Areas that are designated as
historic on the national register of historic places.

E. Notwithstanding any other law, a
municipality may allow middle housing that is

developed
in an area designated as historic by the municipality or in an area that is
designated as historic on the national register of historic places only if the
middle housing is designed to be compatible with the historic character, scale
and setting of the surrounding area.

F. For middle housing that is
developed pursuant to subsection E of this section:

1. The municipality may require that
the middle housing comply with the historic preservation or design standards
adopted by the municipality or, If the municipality has not adopted historic
preservation or design standards, with the United States secretary of the
interior's standards for the treatment of historic properties, including the
standards governing rehabilitation and new construction.

2. The municipality may regulate

standards, including building height, massing, lot coverage,
setbacks, roof form, site layout and overall building volume.

3. Middle housing may not exceed the
maximum building height, lot coverage or floor area ratio that is allowed by
applicable zoning regulations that were adopted before January 1, 2025.

G. Unless stricter zoning regulations
are required by applicable historic preservation standards, a municipality may
require administrative site plan review solely for the purpose of confirming
compliance with applicable

standards, but may not require
a public hearing, variance, conditional use permit, special permit or other
discretionary approval process for developing middle housing pursuant to
subsection E of this section.

H. Notwithstanding any other law,

middle housing that is developed pursuant to this section may
not be developed on a site where a structure that is listed on the national
register of historic places or that is designated as historic by the
municipality was demolished unless the demolition of the structure was
necessary because a condition or conditions exist that constitute a danger to
public health, safety and welfare, as defined by a municipal ordinance, and the
existence of those conditions are certified by a licensed engineer or building
code official.

E.

I.
If
a municipality does not adopt the regulations required by this section on or
before January 1, 2026, middle housing shall be allowed on all lots in the
municipality zoned for single-family residential use without any
limitations.

F.

J.
This
section does not change or otherwise impair the terms of any development
agreement that exists on September 14, 2024.

G.

K.
Notwithstanding subsection A of this section, a
utility provider impacted by a development being developed pursuant to this
section shall have the opportunity to review and approve the site plan for the
development.

H.

L
.
For the
purpose
purposes
of this section:

1. "Building code":

(a) Means a construction code adopted by a
municipality.

(b) Includes a model building code, commercial code,
plumbing and mechanical code, electric code, energy conservation code, fire
code, property maintenance code, neighborhood preservation code, antiblight
code or other similar code.

2. "Central business district" means an
area or series of areas designated by a municipality that are primarily
nonindustrial and that attract community activity, including the entire
geographic area that the municipality has officially designated as its downtown
or equivalent on September 14, 2024.

3. "Duplex" means two dwelling units on
the same parcel or lot in attached, detached or semidetached arrangements that
are designed for residential occupancy by not more than two households living
independently from each other.

4. "Floor area ratio" means the ratio of
allowed square footage in a middle housing project to the square footage of the
parcel on which it is built.

5. "Fourplex" means four dwelling units on
the same parcel or lot in attached, detached or semidetached arrangements that
are designed for residential occupancy by not more than four households living
independently from each other.

6. "Household"
means either:

(a) A single person
living or residing in a dwelling or place of residence.

(b) Two or more persons living together or residing
in the same dwelling or place of residence.

7. "Middle housing":

(a) Means buildings that are compatible in scale,
form and character with single-family houses and that contain two or more
attached, detached, stacked or clustered homes.

(b) Includes duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes and
townhouses.

8. "Permitted use" means the ability for a
development to be approved without requiring a public hearing, variance,
conditional use permit, special permit or special exception, other than a
discretionary zoning action to
determination

determine
that a site plan conforms with applicable zoning
regulations.

9. "Townhouses" means dwelling units that
are constructed in a row of two or more attached units in which each dwelling
unit shares at least one common wall with an adjacent unit and that are
accessed by separate outdoor entrances.

10. "Triplex" means three dwelling units
on the same parcel or lot in attached, detached or semidetached arrangements
that are designed for residential occupancy by not more than three households
living independently from each other.
END_STATUTE

(ENACTED
WITHOUT THE EMERGENCY)

Sec. 2.
Emergency

This act is an emergency measure that
is necessary to preserve the public peace, health or safety and is operative
immediately as provided by law.