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SB1476 • 2026

child neglect; prenatal substance exposure

SB1476 - child neglect; prenatal substance exposure

Children Crime Healthcare Labor
Passed Legislature

This bill passed both chambers and reached final enrollment, even if later executive action is not shown here.

Sponsor
Shawnna Bolick
Last action
2026-04-15
Official status
House committee of the whole
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The official source material does not provide specific details on enforcement mechanisms or the fiscal impact of the bill.

Child Neglect Due to Prenatal Substance Exposure

This bill makes it a crime for someone with custody of a child to expose the child, especially newborns, to dangerous drugs or substances during pregnancy and classifies such neglect as a felony.

What This Bill Does

  • Defines child neglect as a criminal offense when a person exposes a newborn infant to dangerous drugs or substances during pregnancy.
  • Specifies that if a mother completes alcohol or drug treatment during her pregnancy, it can be used as an affirmative defense against charges of child neglect.
  • Classifies the act of exposing a child to harmful substances before birth as a class 6 felony.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Mothers who expose their unborn children to dangerous drugs or substances during pregnancy
  • Healthcare providers and social workers involved in reporting such cases

Terms To Know

Affirmative defense
A legal argument that allows a defendant to argue against charges of child neglect if they completed alcohol or drug treatment during pregnancy.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill does not specify the exact penalties for those found guilty of child neglect due to prenatal substance exposure.
  • It is unclear how this law will be enforced and what resources will be provided for treatment programs.

Bill History

  1. 2026-04-15 House

    House committee of the whole

  2. 2026-03-31 House

    House minority caucus

  3. 2026-03-31 House

    House majority caucus

  4. 2026-03-30 House

    House consent calendar

  5. 2026-03-10 House

    House second read

  6. 2026-03-09 House

    House Rules: C&P

  7. 2026-03-09 House

    House Judiciary: DP

  8. 2026-03-09 House

    House first read

  9. 2026-02-27 House

    Transmitted to House

  10. 2026-02-26 Senate

    Senate third read passed

  11. 2026-02-26 Senate

    Senate committee of the whole

  12. 2026-02-23 Senate

    Senate minority caucus

  13. 2026-02-23 Senate

    Senate majority caucus

  14. 2026-02-23 Senate

    Senate consent calendar

  15. 2026-02-02 Senate

    Senate second read

  16. 2026-01-29 Senate

    Senate Rules: PFC

  17. 2026-01-29 Senate

    Senate Judiciary and Elections: DP

  18. 2026-01-29 Senate

    Senate first read

Official Summary Text

SB1476 - 572R - Senate Fact Sheet

Assigned to
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COMMITTEE

ARIZONA STATE SENATE

Fifty-Seventh
Legislature, Second Regular Session

FACT SHEET FOR
S.B. 1476

child
neglect; prenatal substance exposure

Purpose

Classifies
child neglect
as a class 6 felony when committed by a
person engaging in conduct that involves exposing a newborn infant to dangerous
or narcotic drugs or a clinical diagnosis consistent with fetal alcohol
syndrome as determined by a health professional. Stipulates that it is an
affirmative defense to
child neglect
if the defendant is the mother of
the child and completed alcohol or drug treatment during the pregnancy.

Background

Statute governing child safety outlines conditions which constitute child
neglect, including when there is: 1) a determination by a health professional
that a newborn infant was exposed to a dangerous or narcotic drug or substance
and the exposure was not the result of a medical treatment administered to the
mother or newborn infant by a health professional; or 2) a diagnosis by a
health professional of an infant under one year of age with clinical findings
consistent with fetal alcohol syndrome or fetal alcohol effects (
A.R.S.
� 8-201
).

After a routine newborn infant's physical assessment or following
notification of a newborn infant's positive toxicology screen, a regulated
health care professional who reasonably believes that the newborn infant may be
affected by the presence of alcohol or dangerous or narcotic drugs must
immediately report the information, or cause a report to be made to the
Department of Child Safety (
A.R.S.
� 13-3620
).

Any person who, under circumstances likely to produce death or serious
physical injury, causes a child to suffer serious physical injury, permits the
person or health of the child to be injured or places the child in a situation
where the person or health of the child is endangered is guilty of a: 1) class
2 felony, if done knowingly or intentionally; 2) class 3 felony, if done
recklessly; and 3) class 4 felony, if done with criminal negligence. A person
who, under circumstances other than those likely to produce death or serious
injury, causes a child to suffer serious physical injury or abuse, permits the
person or health of the child to suffer or places the child in a situation that
endangers the person or health of the child is guilty of a: 1) class 4 felony,
if done intentionally or knowingly; 2) class 5 felony, if done recklessly; and
3) class 6 felony, if done with criminal negligence (
A.R.S.
� 13-3623
).

There is no anticipated fiscal impact
to the state General Fund associated with this legislation.

Provisions

1.

Specifies
that a person having custody of a child commits
child neglect
by
engaging in conduct that harms the child and that involves:

a)

exposing a newborn infant to a dangerous or narcotic drug or substance
as determined by a health professional; or

b)

a
clinical finding consistent with fetal alcohol syndrome or fetal alcohol
effects as diagnosed by a health professional.

2.

Establishes that it is an affirmative defense to
child neglect
if
the defendant is the mother of the child, and the mother completed alcohol or
drug treatment during the mother's pregnancy.

3.

Classifies
child neglect
as a class 6 felony.

4.

Becomes effective on the general effective date.

Prepared by Senate Research

February 16, 2026

ZD/KS/ci

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
SB1476 - 572R - S Ver

CORRECTED

Senate Engrossed

child neglect;
prenatal substance exposure

State of Arizona

Senate

Fifty-seventh Legislature

Second Regular Session

2026

SENATE BILL 1476

AN
ACT

Amending title 13, chapter 36, Arizona Revised
Statutes, by adding section 13-3619.01; relating to family offenses.

(TEXT OF BILL BEGINS ON NEXT PAGE)

Be it
enacted by the Legislature of the State of Arizona:

Section 1. Title 13, chapter 36, Arizona
Revised Statutes, is amended by adding section 13-3619.01, to read:

START_STATUTE
13-3619.01.

Child neglect; affirmative defense; classification

A. A person having custody of a child
commits child neglect by engaging in conduct that harms the child and that
involves neglect as defined in section 8-201, paragraph 25, subdivision (
c
) or (
d
).

B. It is an affirmative defense to a
violation of this section if the person is the mother of the child and during
the mother's pregnancy, the mother completed alcohol or drug treatment.

C. Child neglect is a class 6 felony.

END_STATUTE