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SB-1168 • 2026

Data centers: rate structures.

Data centers: rate structures.

Crime Education Energy Taxes
Passed Legislature

This bill passed both chambers and reached final enrollment, even if later executive action is not shown here.

Sponsor
McNerney
Last action
2026-04-23
Official status
Re-referred to Com. on APPR.
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The exact rates for the surcharges are not specified in the bill, leaving uncertainty about how much money will be collected from these new surcharges.

Data Centers: New Surcharges on Energy Use

This law creates new surcharges for data centers that use natural gas and electricity, sets up a fund to collect these surcharges, and requires utilities to charge data centers fairly for their energy usage.

What This Bill Does

  • Creates surcharges on the natural gas used by data centers starting January 1, 2027.
  • Imposes surcharges on the electricity used by data centers that is purchased from electric utilities.
  • Requires the Energy Commission to set rates for these surcharges each November.
  • Establishes a fund called the Data Center Excess Energy Usage Surcharge Fund to collect and manage the money from these surcharges.
  • Requires local publicly owned electric utilities and electrical corporations to charge data centers fairly for their energy usage.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Data center operators who use natural gas or electricity in California.
  • Local publicly owned electric utilities and electrical corporations that provide services to data centers.
  • The Public Utilities Commission (PUC) which will oversee the surcharges and rate structures.

Terms To Know

Data center
A facility used to house computer systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems.
Surcharges
Extra charges added on top of the regular cost for a service or product.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The exact rates for the surcharges are not specified in the bill.
  • It is unclear how much money will be collected from these new surcharges.

Bill History

  1. 2026-04-23 California Legislative Information

    Re-referred to Com. on APPR.

  2. 2026-04-23 California Legislative Information

    Withdrawn from committee.

  3. 2026-04-22 California Legislative Information

    From committee with author's amendments. Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on REV. & TAX.

  4. 2026-04-14 California Legislative Information

    From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on REV. & TAX. (Ayes 13. Noes 4.) (April 13). Re-referred to Com. on REV. & TAX.

  5. 2026-04-06 California Legislative Information

    From committee with author's amendments. Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on E., U & C.

  6. 2026-04-02 California Legislative Information

    Set for hearing April 13.

  7. 2026-02-26 California Legislative Information

    Referred to Coms. on E., U & C. and REV. & TAX.

  8. 2026-02-19 California Legislative Information

    From printer. May be acted upon on or after March 21.

  9. 2026-02-18 California Legislative Information

    Introduced. Read first time. To Com. on RLS. for assignment. To print.

Official Summary Text

SB 1168, as amended, McNerney.
Data centers:
natural gas and electricity: surcharges.
rate structures.
Existing law vests the Public Utilities Commission
(PUC)
with regulatory authority over public
utilities, including gas corporations and electrical corporations, while local publicly owned electric utilities are under the direction of their governing boards. Existing law establishes a surcharge on all natural gas consumed in the state to fund certain low-income assistance programs, cost-effective energy efficiency and conservation activities, and public interest research and development. Under existing law, the surcharge is in addition to any other charges for natural gas sold or transported for consumption, as defined, in this state. Existing law exempts from the surcharge gas customers within the service territories of municipalities, districts, or public agencies that offer specified services or programs, as specified.
Under existing law, a violation of the Public Utilities Act, or any order, decision, rule, direction, demand, or requirement of the PUC, is a crime.
utilities. Existing law authorizes the commission to fix the rates and charges for every public utility and requires that those rates and charges be just and reasonable.
The Energy Resources Surcharge Law imposes a surcharge on consumers for the consumption of electricity purchased from an electric utility, which includes an electrical corporation and local publicly owned electric utility, at a rate annually fixed by the State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission (Energy Commission), not to exceed a surcharge rate cap of $0.0003 per kilowatthour. Existing law requires electric utilities to collect the surcharge from consumers, and requires electric utilities, and any consumers who have not had the surcharge collected by an electric utility, to file a return with specified information. Under existing law, a violation of the Energy Resources Surcharge Law is a crime.
This bill would
impose surcharges, on and after January 1, 2027, on natural gas consumed by a data center, as defined, or a
person that consumes natural gas to produce electricity primarily for a data center, at an unspecified rate, and on electricity consumed by a data center that is purchased from an electric utility, which includes an electrical corporation and local publicly owned electric utility, at an unspecified rate, and would require the Energy Commission to fix the rate for both surcharges at a public meeting in each November for each calendar year starting the following January. The bill would specify that the above-described surcharges apply to persons that meet specified criteria, including, among other things, that during any single month beginning January 1, 2027, the person purchased natural gas from a gas corporation, or electricity from an electric utility, that was wholly or partially consumed by a data center. The
bill would require a gas corporation and electric utility to collect the applicable surcharge from each data center, except as provided. The bill would authorize a person to apply to a gas corporation or electric utility, as applicable, for an exemption from a surcharge, as specified.
require the commission to assess opportunities for rate structures to ensure data centers pay a reasonable share of their costs associated with transmission and distribution needs, identify mechanisms to ensure that data centers pay for their proportionate share of load increases and procurements needed to reliably serve their loads using nonemitting resources, and structure rates to alleviate cost pressures on residential ratepayers.
Because certain provisions of this bill would be part of the Public Utilities Act or implemented through a PUC action, and other provisions of the bill would be enforced pursuant to the Energy Resources Surcharge Law, the violation of which would be a crime, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program. Additionally, by imposing new duties on local publicly owned electric utilities, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.
This bill would require all revenues, interest, and penalties derived from the above-described surcharges to be deposited into the Data Center Excess Energy Usage Surcharge Fund, which the bill would
create in the State Treasury. The bill would continuously appropriate moneys in the fund collected from local publicly owned electric utility territory to the Energy Commission for apportionment to local publicly owned electric utilities, and moneys in the fund collected from electrical corporation territory to the PUC for apportionment to electrical corporations, to fund wildfire-related costs included in rates, as provided.
The bill would require the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration to administer the taxes imposed by the above-described provisions pursuant to the Fee Collection Procedures Law, the violation of which is a crime. By expanding the application of the Fee Collection Procedures Law, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.
The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.
This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for specified reasons.
This bill would include a change in state statute that would result in a taxpayer paying a higher tax within the meaning of Section 3 of Article XIII A of the California Constitution, and thus would require for passage the approval of
2
3
of the membership of each house of the Legislature.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
Download Bill PDF