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SB-1221 • 2026

Lanterman-Petris-Short Act: conservatorships.

Lanterman-Petris-Short Act: conservatorships.

Crime Education Healthcare
Passed Legislature

This bill passed both chambers and reached final enrollment, even if later executive action is not shown here.

Sponsor
Stern
Last action
2026-04-23
Official status
From committee: Do pass as amended and re-refer to Com. on APPR. (Ayes 5. Noes 0.) (April 21).
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The official source material does not provide specific details on costs or impacts that were included in the candidate explanation.

Lanterman-Petris-Short Act: Changes to Conservatorships

This law changes how 'gravely disabled' is defined and affects the process for appointing conservators, especially for those found mentally incompetent.

What This Bill Does

  • Changes the definition of 'gravely disabled' so it is based on a person's ability to take care of themselves outside of jail.
  • Requires courts to consider if someone can be nonviolent outside of jail when deciding if they are dangerous due to mental illness.
  • Prohibits courts from using temporary access to basic needs while in jail as proof that someone isn't 'gravely disabled'.
  • Allows district attorneys to review and provide input on conservatorship cases involving people found mentally incompetent.
  • Requires the State Department of State Hospitals to prioritize placements for certain types of conservatees.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People who might be involuntarily committed or placed under a conservatorship due to mental health issues.
  • Courts and judges involved in deciding on conservatorships.
  • District attorneys reviewing conservatorship cases.

Terms To Know

gravely disabled
A condition where someone, because of a mental or substance use disorder, cannot take care of their basic needs like food and shelter.
conservatorship
When the court appoints someone to manage another person's affairs when they are unable to do so themselves due to illness or disability.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill does not specify how much it will cost local agencies and school districts.
  • It is unclear if this law will change the number of people placed under conservatorship.
  • The exact impact on state hospitals and their capacity to handle more patients is uncertain.

Bill History

  1. 2026-04-23 California Legislative Information

    From committee: Do pass as amended and re-refer to Com. on APPR. (Ayes 5. Noes 0.) (April 21).

  2. 2026-04-17 California Legislative Information

    Set for hearing April 21.

  3. 2026-04-16 California Legislative Information

    Re-referred to Com. on PUB. S.

  4. 2026-04-16 California Legislative Information

    Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on RLS.

  5. 2026-04-15 California Legislative Information

    From committee: Do pass as amended and re-refer to Com. on RLS. (Ayes 8. Noes 0.) (April 15).

  6. 2026-04-13 California Legislative Information

    Set for hearing April 15.

  7. 2026-04-06 California Legislative Information

    April 8 hearing postponed by committee.

  8. 2026-03-19 California Legislative Information

    Set for hearing April 8.

  9. 2026-03-04 California Legislative Information

    Referred to Coms. on HEALTH and JUD.

  10. 2026-02-20 California Legislative Information

    From printer. May be acted upon on or after March 22.

  11. 2026-02-19 California Legislative Information

    Introduced. Read first time. To Com. on RLS. for assignment. To print.

Official Summary Text

SB 1221, as amended, Stern.
Lanterman-Petris-Short Act: conservatorships.
(1) Existing law, the Lanterman-Petris-Short (LPS) Act, authorizes the involuntary commitment and treatment of a person, when the person, as a result of a mental health disorder, is a danger to themselves or others, or is gravely disabled. For the purposes of these provisions, existing law defines “gravely disabled” as a condition in which a person, as a result of a mental health disorder, a severe substance use disorder, or a co-occurring mental health disorder and a severe substance use disorder, is unable to provide for their basic personal needs for food, clothing, shelter, personal safety, or necessary medical care.
This bill would require this definition of “gravely disabled” to be evaluated based upon a person’s ability to provide for those basic personal needs outside of an incarcerated setting, as specified.
Existing law prohibits a person from being tried or adjudged to punishment while that person is mentally incompetent, and establishes a process by which a defendant’s mental competency is evaluated.
Existing law
also
defines “gravely disabled” under the LPS Act to mean an individual who is found to be mentally incompetent pursuant to the above-described process and for which specified conditions are met, including, among others, information pending against the person at the time of commitment charges a felony involving death, great bodily harm, or a serious threat to the physical well-being of another person, there has been a finding of probable cause, and the person represents a substantial danger of physical harm to others by reason of a mental disease, defect, or disorder.
This bill would require
the condition of whether the person represents a substantial danger of physical harm to be evaluated based upon the person’s ability to be nonviolent outside of an incarcerated setting, as specified.
Existing law authorizes a conservator of a person, estate, or person and the estate to be appointed for a person who is gravely disabled or impaired by chronic alcoholism, subject to specified procedures. Existing law provides the person for whom conservatorship is sought to have the right to demand a court or jury trial on the issue of whether the person is gravely disabled.
This bill would prohibit a court from determining a person’s ability to provide for their basic personal needs based on the fact that the person has temporary access
to those basic personal needs while incarcerated.
(2) Existing law authorizes the appointment of a conservator for a person who is gravely disabled or impaired by chronic alcoholism. Existing law requires the court to determine the most appropriate placement for a conservatee who is gravely disabled, as defined. Existing law requires the officer providing conservatorship investigation to investigate all available alternatives to conservatorship, as applicable, and to render to the court a comprehensive, written report of the investigation prior to the hearing, as specified.
This bill would authorize the district attorney to review all filed documents regarding the investigation, initiation, termination, or modification of, and to be present and represent public safety interests at all hearings that consider, a conservatorship of a person who is gravely disabled, as defined by
being found mentally incompetent and meeting the above-described conditions, to provide input to the court about appropriate placement or interim placement by the public conservator. The bill would require a copy of the conservatorship investigation report to be transmitted to the district attorney in a specified context. The bill would authorize the district
attorney
attorney, if the individual has been appointed a conservator under specified provisions,
to challenge the recommendation of the public conservator after the conservatorship investigation for an abuse of discretion in a contested hearing before a judge. To the extent the bill imposes a higher level of service on county agencies that prepare and transmit conservatorship investigation reports and on a district attorney to receive those reports, the bill would
impose a state-mandated local program.
This bill would require the State Department of State Hospitals to prioritize the placement of conservatees who are gravely disabled due to being found
mentally incompetent and meeting the above-described conditions over the placement of conservatees who are gravely disabled due to being unable to provide for their basic personal needs for food, clothing, shelter, personal safety, or necessary medical care.
This bill would authorize a county with a population size of 750,000 or greater to consider prioritizing the placement of specified conservatees in a state hospital run by the State Department of State Hospitals if at least 40 of those conservatees are waiting for placement in a state hospital.
The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.
This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.

Current Bill Text

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