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HB26-1084 • 2026

Voter Transparency in Ballot Measures

The bill requires that certain language appear in the ballot title for an initiated statewide measure that would increase state expenditures but does not identify and provide for a sufficient source o

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Passed Legislature

This bill passed both chambers and reached final enrollment, even if later executive action is not shown here.

Sponsor
Rep. S. Camacho, Rep. C. Espenoza, Sen. W. Lindstedt, Sen. M. Weissman, Rep. A. Boesenecker, Rep. K. Brown, Rep. C. Clifford, Rep. M. Duran, Rep. L. García, Rep. L. Goldstein, Rep. E. Hamrick, Rep. J. Jackson, Rep. M. Lindsay, Rep. M. Lukens, Rep. J. Mabrey, Rep. T. Mauro, Rep. J. McCluskie, Rep. K. McCormick, Rep. K. Nguyen, Rep. M. Rutinel, Rep. E. Sirota, Rep. L. Smith, Rep. R. Stewart, Rep. T. Story, Rep. B. Titone
Last action
2026-04-13
Official status
Senate Second Reading Laid Over to 04/16/2026 - No Amendments
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The bill summary does not provide details on how estimates of reduction are determined or verified.

Voter Transparency in Ballot Measures

This bill requires ballot titles for measures that increase state spending to include information about which major areas of the budget will likely be reduced if the measure passes.

What This Bill Does

  • Requires ballot titles for measures increasing state expenditures to identify the three largest program areas where state spending will likely decrease due to passing the measure, in a specific format including an estimated dollar figure of reduction.
  • If the ballot measure specifies which public services or programs are to be reduced, those must also be stated in the ballot title.
  • Requires the ballot information booklet to include a description of how the measure will affect the three largest areas of state program expenditure.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Voters who participate in statewide elections and referendums.
  • Election officials responsible for preparing ballot titles and information booklets.
  • Legislative bodies that create and review ballot measures.

Terms To Know

Measure that increases state expenditures
An initiated statewide measure that will result in increased spending by the state, excluding minor or administrative expenses.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill does not specify what happens if a measure increases spending but does not identify areas to reduce it.
  • It is unclear how the estimates of reduction will be determined and verified.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

L.001

Second Reading

Passed [**]

Plain English: The amendment requires that ballot titles for measures reducing state tax revenue must include specific language about the reduction in tax revenue and its likely impact on funding for state expenditures.

  • Adds new section (3)(e) to require ballot titles for tax-reducing measures to begin with a statement of the tax reduction, including the percentage decrease and estimated dollar value of reduced state revenue.
  • Specifies that the ballot title must also include an estimate of how this reduction will likely affect funding for specific public services or programs identified in the measure.
  • Inserts 'LIKELY' before phrases indicating potential reductions to state expenditures.
  • The amendment text does not specify what happens if the public services or programs listed do not account for the full dollar value of the tax change, but it mentions that three largest areas of program expenditure must be included in such cases.
L.002

Second Reading

Lost [**]

Plain English: The amendment requires ballot titles for measures that reduce state tax revenue to include specific details about the reduction, its impact on funding for public services or programs, and estimated financial effects.

  • Adds new language requiring ballot titles of measures reducing state tax revenue to specify the type of tax reduced, the percentage decrease, and the projected dollar amount of revenue loss in the first full fiscal year after implementation.
  • Requires that ballot titles include details about public services or programs affected by the measure's reduction in funding, if specified in the measure itself.
  • Clarifies that including specific public services or programs does not raise single subject concerns for the Title Board’s jurisdiction.
  • The amendment text is complex and technical, making it difficult to fully explain without additional context about how ballot titles are currently set and interpreted.
L.003

Second Reading

Lost [**]

Plain English: The amendment adds a new subsection to the bill that allows proponents of ballot measures reducing state tax revenue or increasing state expenditures to submit draft titles in advance, which are presumed sufficient by the Title Board.

  • Adds a new subsection (3)(e.7) to allow proponents of ballot measures that reduce state tax revenue or increase state expenditures to submit draft titles before the title setting meeting.
  • The submitted draft title is presumed sufficient and the Title Board can only modify it to meet constitutional or statutory duties.
  • The amendment text does not specify what happens if the proponents do not submit a draft title in advance.

Bill History

  1. 2026-04-13 Senate

    Senate Second Reading Laid Over to 04/16/2026 - No Amendments

  2. 2026-04-10 Senate

    Senate Second Reading Laid Over to 04/13/2026 - No Amendments

  3. 2026-04-09 Senate

    Senate Second Reading Laid Over to 04/10/2026 - No Amendments

  4. 2026-04-08 Senate

    Senate Second Reading Laid Over to 04/09/2026 - No Amendments

  5. 2026-04-07 Senate

    Senate Second Reading Laid Over to 04/08/2026 - No Amendments

  6. 2026-04-06 Senate

    Senate Second Reading Laid Over to 04/07/2026 - No Amendments

  7. 2026-04-02 Senate

    Senate Second Reading Laid Over to 04/06/2026 - No Amendments

  8. 2026-04-01 Senate

    Senate Second Reading Laid Over to 04/02/2026 - No Amendments

  9. 2026-03-31 Senate

    Senate Second Reading Laid Over to 04/01/2026 - No Amendments

  10. 2026-03-30 Senate

    Senate Second Reading Laid Over to 03/31/2026 - No Amendments

  11. 2026-03-27 Senate

    Senate Second Reading Laid Over to 03/30/2026 - No Amendments

  12. 2026-03-24 Senate

    Senate Committee on State, Veterans, & Military Affairs Refer Unamended to Senate Committee of the Whole

  13. 2026-03-11 Senate

    Introduced In Senate - Assigned to State, Veterans, & Military Affairs

  14. 2026-03-06 House

    House Third Reading Passed - No Amendments

  15. 2026-03-05 House

    House Second Reading Special Order - Passed with Amendments - Floor

  16. 2026-02-26 House

    House Second Reading Laid Over Daily - No Amendments

  17. 2026-02-23 House

    House Committee on State, Civic, Military, & Veterans Affairs Refer Unamended to House Committee of the Whole

  18. 2026-02-02 House

    Introduced In House - Assigned to State, Civic, Military, & Veterans Affairs

Official Summary Text

The bill requires that certain language appear in the ballot title for an initiated statewide measure that would increase state expenditures but does not identify and provide for a sufficient source of revenue or sufficient reductions in state spending for specific public services or program areas to account for the increased expenditures (measure that increases state expenditures). The ballot title for a measure that increases state expenditures must include language identifying the 3 largest program areas of state expenditures for which state expenditures will
likely
be reduced if the measure passes, which must be in a format substantially similar to the following language: '... will
likely
reduce state expenditures for program areas that include (the 3 largest areas of program expenditure) by an estimated (projected dollar figure of reduction to those areas in the first full fiscal year that the measure will cause the reduction) ...'. If the ballot measure specifies the public services or programs that are to be reduced, those public services or programs must be stated in the ballot title.
The bill also requires the ballot information booklet entry for a measure that increases state expenditures to include a description of the measure's
likely
projected effect on the 3 largest areas of program expenditure of the state.
and

The bill
modifies existing statutory language to mirror
this change

these changes
.
(Note: Italicized words indicate new material added to the original summary; dashes through words indicate deletions from the original summary.)
(Note: This summary applies to the reengrossed version of this bill as introduced in the second house.)

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
Second Regular Session
Seventy-fifth General Assembly
STATE OF COLORADO
REENGROSSED
This Version Includes All Amendments
Adopted in the House of Introduction
LLS NO. 26-0466.01 Rebecca Bayetti x4348 HOUSE BILL 26-1084
House Committees Senate Committees
State, Civic, Military, & Veterans Affairs
A BILL FOR AN ACT
CONCERNING VOTER TRANSPARENCY REQUIREMENTS TO EXPAND101
INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDING OF INITIATED STATEWIDE102
BALLOT MEASURES , AND , IN CONNECTION THEREWITH ,103
REQUIRING THE BALLOT TITLE AND ABSTRACT OF THE FISCAL104
IMPACT STATEMENT FOR CERTAIN INITIATED STATEWIDE105
BALLOT MEASURES TO IDENTIFY THE MAIN AREAS OF STATE106
EXPENDITURE THAT WOULD BE AFFECTED BY THE MEASURE.107
Bill Summary
(Note: This summary applies to this bill as introduced and does
not reflect any amendments that may be subsequently adopted. If this bill
passes third reading in the house of introduction, a bill summary that
applies to the reengrossed version of this bill will be available at
http://leg.colorado.gov.)
HOUSE
3rd Reading Unamended
March 6, 2026
HOUSE
Amended 2nd Reading
March 5, 2026
HOUSE SPONSORSHIP
Espenoza and Camacho, Boesenecker, Brown, Clifford, Duran, Garcia, Goldstein,
Hamrick, Jackson, Lindsay, Lukens, Mabrey , Mauro, McCluskie, McCormick, Nguyen,
Rutinel, Sirota, Smith, Stewart R., Story, Titone
SENATE SPONSORSHIP
Weissman and Lindstedt,
Shading denotes HOUSE amendment. Double underlining denotes SENATE amendment.
Capital letters or bold & italic numbers indicate new material to be added to existing law.
Dashes through the words or numbers indicate deletions from existing law.
The bill requires that certain language appear in the ballot title for
an initiated statewide measure that would increase state expenditures but
does not identify and provide for a sufficient source of revenue or
sufficient reductions in state spending for specific public services or
program areas to account for the increased expenditures (measure that
increases state expenditures). The ballot title for a measure that increases
state expenditures must include language identifying the 3 largest
program areas of state expenditures for which state expenditures will be
reduced if the measure passes, which must be in a format substantially
similar to the following language: "... will reduce state expenditures for
program areas that include (the 3 largest areas of program expenditure)
by an estimated (projected dollar figure of reduction to those areas in the
first full fiscal year that the measure will cause the reduction) ...". If the
ballot measure specifies the public services or programs that are to be
reduced, those public services or programs must be stated in the ballot
title.
The bill also requires the ballot information booklet entry for a
measure that increases state expenditures to include a description of the
measure's projected effect on the 3 largest areas of program expenditure
of the state and modifies existing statutory language to mirror this change.
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Colorado:1
SECTION 1. In Colorado Revised Statutes, 1-40-106, amend2
(3)(e) and (3)(h); and add (3)(e.5) and (3)(i)(III) as follows:3
1-40-106. Title board - meetings - ballot title - initiative and4
referendum - definitions - rules.5
(3) (e) For measures that reduce state tax revenue through a tax6
change, the ballot title must begin "Shall there be a reduction to the7
(description of tax) by (the percentage by which the tax is reduced in the8
first full fiscal year that the measure reduces revenue) thereby reducing9
state revenue, which will LIKELY reduce funding for state expenditures10
that include but are not limited to (the three largest areas of program11
expenditure) by an estimated (projected dollar figure of revenue reduction12
to the state in the first full fiscal year that the measure reduces revenue)13
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in tax revenue...?". If the ballot measure specifies the public services or1
programs that are to be reduced by the tax change, those public services2
or programs must be stated in the ballot title. If the public services or3
programs identified in the measure are insufficient to account for the full4
dollar value of the tax change in the first full fiscal year that the measure5
reduces revenue, then the three largest areas of program expenditure must6
be stated in the bill title along with the public services or programs7
identified in the measure. The estimates reflected in the ballot title shall8
not be interpreted as restrictions of the state's budgeting process.9
(e.5) FOR A MEASURE THAT INCREASES STATE EXPENDITURES10
AS DEFINED IN SUBSECTION (3)(i)(III) OF THIS SECTION, THE BALLOT TITLE11
MUST INCLUDE LANGUAGE IDENTIFYING THE TOP THREE AREAS OF STATE12
EXPENDITURES FOR WHICH STATE EXPENDITURES WILL LIKELY BE13
REDUCED IF THE MEASURE PASSES . THIS LANGUAGE MAY APPEAR14
ANYWHERE IN THE BALLOT TITLE AND MUST BE IN A FORMAT15
SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR TO THE FOLLOWING LANGUAGE: "... WILL LIKELY16
REDUCE STATE EXPENDITURES FOR PROGRAM AREAS THAT INCLUDE (THE17
THREE LARGEST AREAS OF PROGRAM EXPENDITURE ) BY AN ESTIMATED18
(PROJECTED DOLLAR FIGURE OF REDUCTION TO THOSE AREAS IN THE FIRST19
FULL FISCAL YEAR THAT THE MEASURE WILL CAUSE THE REDUCTION) ...".20
IF THE BALLOT MEASURE SPECIFIES THE PUBLIC SERVICES OR PROGRAMS21
THAT ARE TO BE REDUCED, THOSE PUBLIC SERVICES OR PROGRAMS MUST22
BE STATED IN THE BALLOT TITLE . IF THE REDUCED PUBLIC SERVICES OR23
PROGRAMS IDENTIFIED IN THE MEASURE ARE INSUFFICIENT TO ACCOUNT24
FOR THE FULL DOLLAR VALUE OF THE PROJECTED REDUCTION IN THE FIRST25
FULL FISCAL YEAR THAT THE MEASURE REDUCES FUNDING , THEN THE26
THREE LARGEST AREAS OF PROGRAM EXPENDITURE MUST BE STATED IN27
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THE BILL TITLE ALONG WITH THE PUBLIC SERVICES OR PROGRAMS1
IDENTIFIED IN THE MEASURE. THE ESTIMATES REFLECTED IN THE BALLOT2
TITLE MUST NOT BE INTERPRETED AS RESTRICTIONS OF THE STATE 'S3
BUDGETING PROCESS.4
(h) In determining whether a ballot title qualifies as brief for5
purposes of section 1-40-102 (10) and subsection (3)(b) of this section,6
the language required by subsection (3)(e), (3)(e.5), (3)(f), (3)(g), or (3)(j)7
of this section may not be considered.8
(i) As used in this subsection (3), unless the context otherwise9
requires:10
(III) "MEASURE THAT INCREASES STATE EXPENDITURES " MEANS11
AN INITIATED BALLOT ISSUE THAT WILL RESULT IN INCREASED STATE12
EXPENDITURES, EXCEPT FOR DE MINIMIS AND ADMINISTRATIVE13
EXPENDITURES, AS SHOWN IN THE FISCAL SUMMARY PREPARED PURSUANT14
TO SECTION 1-40-105.5 (1.5), AND THAT DOES NOT IDENTIFY AND PROVIDE15
FOR A SUFFICIENT SOURCE OF REVENUE OR SUFFICIENT REDUCTIONS IN16
STATE SPENDING FOR SPECIFIC PUBLIC SERVICES OR PROGRAM AREAS TO17
ACCOUNT FOR THE INCREASED EXPENDITURES.18
SECTION 2. In Colorado Revised Statutes, 1-40-124.5, amend19
(1)(b) introductory portion, (1)(b)(III)(L), and (1)(b)(IV); and add20
(1)(b)(V) as follows:21
1-40-124.5. Ballot information booklet.22
(1) (b) The director of research of the legislative council of the23
general assembly shall prepare a fiscal impact statement for every24
initiated or referred measure, taking into consideration fiscal impact25
information submitted by the office of state planning and budgeting, the26
department of local affairs or any other state agency, and any proponent27
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or other interested person. The fiscal impact statement prepared for every1
measure shall MUST be substantially similar in form and content to the2
fiscal notes provided by the legislative council of the general assembly for3
legislative measures pursuant to section 2-2-322. A complete copy of the4
fiscal impact statement for such THE measure shall MUST be available5
through the legislative council of the general assembly. The ballot6
information booklet shall MUST indicate whether there is a fiscal impact7
for each initiated or referred measure and shall MUST abstract the fiscal8
impact statement for such THE measure. The abstract for every measure9
shall MUST appear after the arguments for and against such THE measure10
in the analysis section of the ballot information booklet and shall MUST11
include, but shall IS not be limited to:12
(III) For any initiated or referred measure that modifies the state13
tax laws, if the measure would either increase or decrease individual14
income tax revenue or state sales tax revenue, a table that shows the15
number of tax filers in each income category, the total change in the16
amount of tax owed for each income category, and the average change in17
the amount of tax owed for each filer within each income category. If the18
change in the amount of tax owed shown in the table is an increase, the19
change must be expressed as a dollar amount preceded by a plus sign. If20
the change in the amount of tax owed shown in the table is a decrease, the21
change must be expressed as a dollar amount preceded by a negative sign.22
The table must use the following income categories:23
(L) Federal adjusted gross income greater than or equal to one24
million dollars; and25
(IV) If the measure contains a proposed tax change, as defined in26
section 1-40-106 (3)(i)(II), that reduces state tax revenue, a description of27
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the MEASURE'S LIKELY EFFECT ON THE three largest areas of program1
expenditure, as defined in section 1-40-106 (3)(i)(I); AND2
(V) F OR AN INITIATED MEASURE THAT IS A MEASURE THAT3
INCREASES STATE EXPENDITURES , AS DEFINED IN SECTION 1-40-1064
(3)(i)(III), A DESCRIPTION OF THE MEASURE 'S LIKELY EFFECT ON THE5
THREE LARGEST AREAS OF PROGRAM EXPENDITURE , AS DEFINED IN6
SECTION 1-40-106 (3)(i)(I).7
SECTION 3. Act subject to petition - effective date -8
applicability. (1) This act takes effect at 12:01 a.m. on the day following9
the expiration of the ninety-day period after final adjournment of the10
general assembly (August 12, 2026, if adjournment sine die is on May 13,11
2026); except that, if a referendum petition is filed pursuant to section 112
(3) of article V of the state constitution against this act or an item, section,13
or part of this act within such period, then the act, item, section, or part14
will not take effect unless approved by the people at the general election15
to be held in November 2026 and, in such case, will take effect on the16
date of the official declaration of the vote thereon by the governor.17
(2) This act applies to initiative petition drafts submitted to the18
secretary of state for title setting on or after the applicable effective date19
of this act.20
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