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HB26-1227 • 2026

Minors' Rights in Dependency & Neglect Proceedings

Current law states that a child or youth named in a petition related to dependency and neglect proceedings is a party to the proceedings and has a right to attend and fully participate in all hearings

Children Parental Rights
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Rep. M. Bradfield, Rep. L. Gilchrist, Sen. L. Daugherty, Sen. K. Mullica, Rep. K. Brown, Rep. S. Camacho, Rep. M. Duran, Rep. M. Froelich, Rep. M. Lindsay, Rep. K. McCormick, Rep. K. Nguyen, Rep. A. Paschal, Rep. N. Ricks, Rep. G. Rydin, Rep. K. Stewart, Rep. T. Story, Sen. J. Amabile, Sen. A. Benavidez, Sen. J. Coleman, Sen. T. Exum, Sen. N. Hinrichsen, Sen. I. Jodeh, Sen. C. Kipp, Sen. W. Lindstedt, Sen. M. Snyder, Sen. M. Weissman
Last action
2026-06-01
Official status
Governor Signed
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The effective date is conditional: it takes effect 90 days after adjournment unless a referendum petition is filed, in which case voter approval at the November 2026 election is required.

HB26-1227: Rights for Children in Dependency and Neglect Cases

This law confirms that children named in dependency or neglect cases are official parties with the right to participate, have their interests represented by lawyers throughout all proceedings including appeals, and object if a county tries to drop the case before the main trial.

What This Bill Does

  • Confirms that a child or youth is an official party to dependency and neglect proceedings.
  • Requires courts to allow children to attend and fully take part in all hearings about their cases.
  • Gives children legal standing so they can have their interests represented by a guardian ad litem or counsel for youth, including during appeals.
  • Mandates that lawyers give developmentally appropriate notice of all hearings to the child or youth.
  • Requires courts to hold a hearing if a county wants to drop a case before the main trial and the child objects with reasons why abuse or neglect occurred.
  • States that this law does not allow children to file petitions on their own behalf.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Children and youth named in dependency or neglect petitions
  • Guardians ad litem and counsel for youth representing these children
  • County departments of human or social services seeking case dismissal
  • Courts handling dependency and neglect proceedings

Terms To Know

Dependency and Neglect Proceedings
Legal cases where the state investigates if a child is being abused, neglected, or needs protection.
Guardian ad Litem
A person appointed by the court to represent the best interests of a child in legal matters.
Counsel for Youth
An attorney who represents the specific wishes and rights of a child or youth in court.
Adjudicatory Hearing
A formal court hearing where evidence is presented to decide if abuse or neglect happened.

Limits and Unknowns

  • This law does not give children the right to file a petition on their own behalf.
  • The effective date depends on whether voters approve it in November 2026 after a potential referendum challenge.
  • If no referendum is filed, the act takes effect at 12:01 a.m. ninety days after the legislature adjourns.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

L.006

HOU Appropriations

Passed [*]

Plain English: This amendment adds a rule requiring courts to hold a hearing if a child objects when social services tries to drop an abuse or neglect case before the main trial.

  • If county officials want to dismiss a dependency and neglect petition early, but the child (through their lawyer) says they are still being abused or neglected, the court must hold a hearing.
  • During this new hearing, social services must prove there is a good reason to drop the case; if they cannot show that reason, the court must let the case continue.
  • The amendment clarifies that children cannot use this rule to file their own petitions against parents or others.
  • This text only shows changes made by a committee and does not include the full original bill language, so some context about how courts currently handle these cases is missing.
  • The amendment includes specific dates for when this law would start (August 12, 2026), but those dates depend on future legislative actions that have not happened yet.
L.001

HOU Health & Human Services

Passed [*]

Plain English: This amendment requires a judge to hold a hearing before dismissing a case if the child's lawyer objects.

  • If an attorney for the youth or guardian ad litem says they object to ending the case, a court hearing must happen first.
  • The provided text is only a small fragment of the full bill and does not explain what happens if no one objects.
  • Because this is just an amendment snippet, it is unclear how this change affects other parts of the law or specific court procedures.
L.002

HOU Health & Human Services

Passed [*]

Plain English: This amendment changes when the new law about children's rights in court cases will officially start.

  • The bill now includes a specific rule that it cannot take effect until at least 90 days after the state legislature finishes its session.
  • This amendment only changes the effective date and does not explain what rights or rules are actually being created for children in court.
  • The text is too technical to fully describe how a referendum petition would work without outside knowledge of state election laws.
L.007

Second Reading

Passed [**]

Plain English: This amendment changes the rules for when a court must throw out a dependency case by requiring proof of a reasonable reason to dismiss and updating who is involved.

  • The bill now requires courts to check if there is a 'reasonable basis' before dismissing a petition against county human services departments.
  • If the court finds this reasonable basis, it must officially end (dismiss) the legal case.
  • The amendment text only shows changes to three specific lines and does not explain what happens if no reasonable basis is found.
  • It is unclear from this short excerpt exactly how 'reasonable basis' will be defined or proven in court.

Bill History

  1. 2026-06-01 Governor

    Governor Signed

  2. 2026-05-20 Governor

    Sent to the Governor

  3. 2026-05-20 Senate

    Signed by the President of the Senate

  4. 2026-05-20 House

    Signed by the Speaker of the House

  5. 2026-05-06 Senate

    Senate Third Reading Passed - No Amendments

  6. 2026-05-05 Senate

    Senate Second Reading Special Order - Passed - No Amendments

  7. 2026-04-30 Senate

    Senate Committee on Health & Human Services Refer Unamended - Consent Calendar to Senate Committee of the Whole

  8. 2026-04-27 Senate

    Introduced In Senate - Assigned to Health & Human Services

  9. 2026-04-21 House

    House Third Reading Passed - No Amendments

  10. 2026-04-20 House

    House Third Reading Laid Over Daily - No Amendments

  11. 2026-04-17 House

    House Second Reading Special Order - Passed with Amendments - Committee, Floor

  12. 2026-04-17 House

    House Committee on Appropriations Refer Amended to House Committee of the Whole

  13. 2026-03-04 House

    House Committee on Health & Human Services Refer Amended to Appropriations

  14. 2026-02-18 House

    Introduced In House - Assigned to Health & Human Services

Official Summary Text

Current law states that a child or youth named in a petition related to dependency and neglect proceedings is a party to the proceedings and has a right to attend and fully participate in all hearings related to the case. The act affirms that as a party to the proceedings, the child or youth has legal standing regarding all matters related to the child's or youth's interests and the right to have the child's or youth's interests fully represented by the guardian ad litem or counsel for youth throughout the proceedings, including appeals.
If a county department of human or social services (county department) seeks dismissal of a petition prior to the adjudicatory hearing and the child or youth, through the child's or youth's guardian ad litem or counsel for youth, objects to the dismissal and articulates a basis upon which the child is abused or neglected, the court shall set a hearing to determine whether or not the county department has a reasonable basis to dismiss the case. If the court determines that the county department shows a reasonable basis for dismissal, the court shall dismiss the case. If the county department does not show a reasonable basis to dismiss the case, the court must allow the case to proceed.
(Note: This summary applies to this bill as enacted.)

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
HOUSE BILL 26-1227
BY REPRESENTATIVE(S) Gilchrist and Bradfield, Brown, Camacho,
Duran, Froelich, Lindsay, McCormick, Nguyen, Paschal, Ricks, Rydin,
Stewart K., Story;
also SENATOR(S) Mullica and Daugherty, Amabile, Benavidez, Exum,
Hinrichsen, Jodeh, Kipp, Lindstedt, Snyder, Weissman, Coleman.
CONCERNING AFFIRMING THE RIGHTS OF CHILDREN AND YOUTH IN
DEPENDENCY AND NEGLECT PROCEEDINGS.
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Colorado:
SECTION 1. In Colorado Revised Statutes, 19-3-502, amend ( 4.5);
and add (4.7) as follows:
19-3-502. Petition form and content - limitations on claims in
dependency or neglect actions.
( 4.5) A child OR YOUTH named in the petition shall be a party to the
proceedings and have the right to attend and fully participate in all hearings
related to the child's OR YOUTH'S case. As A PARTY TO THE PROCEEDINGS, A
CHILD OR YOUTH HAS LEGAL STANDING REGARDING ALL MA TIERS RELATED
TO THE CHILD'S OR YOUTH'S INTERESTS AND THE RIGHT TO HA VE THE CHILD'S
Capital letters or bold & italic numbers indicate new material added to existing law; dashes
through words or numbers indicate deletions from existing law and such material is not part of
the act.
OR YOUTH'S INTERESTS FULLY REPRESENTED BY THE GUARDIAN AD LITEM OR
COUNSEL FOR YOUTH THROUGHOUT THE PROCEEDINGS, INCLUDING APPEALS.
The child's OR YOUTH'S guardian ad litem or counsel for youth shall provide
developmentally appropriate notice to the child OR YOUTH of all hearings
related to the child's OR YOUTH'S case.
( 4. 7) (a) IF A COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN OR SOCIAL SERVICES
SEEKS DISMISSAL OF A PETITION FILED PURSUANT TO SECTION 19-3-501
PRIOR TO THE ADJUDICATORY HEARING HELD PURSUANT TO SECTION
19-3-505, AND THE CHILD OR YOUTH, THROUGH THE CHILD'S OR YOUTH'S
GUARDIAN AD LITEM OR COUNSEL FOR YOUTH, OBJECTS TO THE DISMISSAL
AND ARTICULATES A BASIS UPON WHICH THE CHILD IS ABUSED OR
NEGLECTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 19-1-103 (l)(a), THE COURT SHALL SET
A HEARING TO DETERMINE WHETHER OR NOT THE COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF
HUMAN OR SOCIAL SERVICES HAS A REASONABLE BASIS TO DISMISS THE
CASE. THE COURT MAY HEAR FROM THE PARTIES REGARDING THE
APPROPRIATENESS OF THE DISMISSAL. IF THE COURT DETERMINES THE
COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN OR SOCIAL SERVICES SHOWS A
REASONABLE BASIS FOR DISMISSAL, THE COURT SHALL DISMISS THE
PETITION, BUT IF THE COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN OR SOCIAL SERVICES
DOES NOT SHOW REASONABLE BASIS TO DISMISS THE CASE, THE COURT MUST
ALLOW THE CASE TO PROCEED.
(b) THIS SUBSECTION ( 4.7) DOES NOT AUTHORIZE A CHILD OR YOUTH
TO FILE A PETITION ON THE CHILD'S OR YOUTH'S BEHALF.
(c) THIS SUBSECTION (4.7) DOES NOT LIMIT A PARTY'S RIGHT TO
DEMAND A JURY TRIAL PURSUANT TO SECTION 19-3-202.
SECTION 2. In Colorado Revised Statutes, 19-3-203, amend (6)
as follows:
19-3-203. Right to guardian ad litem and counsel for youth.
( 6) A person appointed to serve as counsel for youth pursuant to this
section shall comply with the Colorado rules of professional conduct,
provisions set forth in a chief justice directive concerning the court
appointment of counsel for youth in this title 19, and subsequent chief
justice directives or practice standards established by rule or directive of the
chief justice pursuant to section 13-91-105 concerning the duties and
PAGE 2-HOUSE BILL 26-1227
responsibilities of a guardian ad litem and counsel for youth in legal matters
affecting children or youth. Counsel for youth shall ensure that the ehild OI
youth has teptesentation thtough pending appeals PARTICIPATE FULLY IN
THE PROCEEDINGS TO THE DEGREE NECESSARY TO REPRESENT THE YOUTH,
INCLUDING APPEALING MATTERS TO THE COURT OF APPEALS OR THE
SUPREME COURT.
SECTION 3. Act subject to petition - effective date. This act
takes effect at 12:01 a.m. on the day following the expiration of the
ninety-day period after final adjournment of the general assembly (August
12, 2026, if adjournment sine die is on May 13, 2026); except that, if a
referendum petition is filed pursuant to section 1 (3) of article V of the state
constitution against this act or an item, section, or part of this act within
such period, then the act, item, section, or part will not take effect unless
PAGE 3-HOUSE BILL 26-1227
approved by the people at the general election to be held in November 2026
and, in such case, will take effect on the date of the official declaration of
the vote thereon by the governor.
Juli~
SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE
OF REPRESENTATIVES
v~~
Vanessa Reilly
CHIEF CLERK OF THE HOUSE
OF REPRESENTATIVES
James Rashad Coleman, Sr.
PRESIDENT OF
THE SENATE
~ ourik
SECRETARY OF
THE SENATE
APPROVED Ot') YnonfApi._1 JVhL ~ ~ ~-l-11 : CXJam
(bate and Time)
Jared S. ,
GOVE S A TE OF COLORADO
PAGE 4-HOUSE BILL 26-1227