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HS1FORHB183 • 2025

AN ACT TO AMEND TITLE 15 OF THE DELAWARE CODE RELATING TO SPECIAL ELECTIONS FOR GENERAL ASSEMBLY.

AN ACT TO AMEND TITLE 15 OF THE DELAWARE CODE RELATING TO SPECIAL ELECTIONS FOR GENERAL ASSEMBLY.

Elections
Passed Legislature

This bill passed both chambers and reached final enrollment, even if later executive action is not shown here.

Sponsor
Gorman
Last action
2026-01-14
Official status
Out of Committee 1/14/26
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The official source material did not provide specific details on the nomination process when no party members file, which was included in the original explanation.

Act for Special Elections for Delaware General Assembly

This act changes how special elections are held when there is a vacancy in the Delaware General Assembly, setting new dates and procedures.

What This Bill Does

  • Sets a five-day limit for issuing a writ of election after a vacancy occurs.
  • Specifies that both primary and general special election dates must be between 35 to 40 days apart from each other.
  • Modifies the rules for holding special elections during years with regular general elections, ensuring they do not conflict with these elections.
  • Requires candidates to file within five days of receiving a writ of election and sets deadlines for background checks on candidates.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People running in special elections for the Delaware General Assembly
  • The Department of Elections responsible for organizing these elections

Terms To Know

writ of election
A legal document issued to start a special election process.
primary election
An initial voting event where party members choose their candidates for the general election.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill does not specify an effective date.
  • It is unclear how this will impact voter turnout and candidate preparation time.

Bill History

  1. 2026-01-14 Delaware General Assembly

    Reported Out of Committee (Elections & Government Affairs) in House with 4 Favorable, 2 On Its Merits

  2. 2025-12-18 Delaware General Assembly

    Adopted in lieu of the original bill HB 183, and Assigned to Elections & Government Affairs Committee in House

Official Summary Text

AN ACT TO AMEND TITLE 15 OF THE DELAWARE CODE RELATING TO SPECIAL ELECTIONS FOR GENERAL ASSEMBLY.
Like House Bill No. 183, House Substitute No. 1 for House Bill No. 183 (Substitute) provides for special primary elections when there are special elections for vacancies in either house of the General Assembly.

This Substitute differs from HB 183 because there is only 1 writ of election and this writ includes the dates for both the special primary election and the special general election. Under this Substitute, the procedure for special elections to fill a vacancy in the General Assembly is as follows:
• The writ of election (writ) must be issued within 5 days of the creation of the vacancy and must provide the date of the special primary election, the date of the special general election, and the deadlines for candidates to file and withdraw.
• The date of the special primary election must be between 35 and 40 days after the date of the writ and the date of the special general election must be between 35 and 40 days after the date of the special primary election.
• If the special primary election is not necessary, the State Election Commissioner will provide notice in the same manner as when there is no contest for a regular primary election under § 3105 of Title 15.
• Candidates have 5 days to file and must schedule the appointment necessary for a criminal history background check no more than 24 hours after the filing deadline.

Like HB 183, this Substitute shortens the time between some steps in the current process. Under this Substitute, the special general election will only be between 35 and 40 days later than when the special election is held under current law. These time periods accommodate 10 days of early voting before the day of each special election and are feasible with current technology and practices. Early voting and absentee voting requirements and procedures remain the same as for regular elections.

In addition, this Substitute modifies the procedure for special elections during a year with a general election. These modifications are consistent with current law and are necessary to avoid holding a special election that is too close to either the regular primary or general election to be feasible for the Department of Elections or to avoid holding multiple elections for the same office within a few months. Under this Substitute, in a year with a general election, special elections are modified as follows:
• If the vacancy is for an office that is on the general election ballot and the date for the special primary election would otherwise be on or after May 15, special elections are not held and the vacancy is filled by that year’s primary and general elections. May 14 is the last day that there would be time to hold a special general election before the end of the regular legislative session.
• If the vacancy occurs in a year with a general election but the vacancy is for an office that is not on the general election ballot, the dates for special elections are modified as follows:
1. If the date of the special primary election would be on or after May 15 and on or before the date of the primary election, the date of the special primary election is the same as the primary election and the date of the special general election is the same as the general election.
2. If the date of the special primary election would be after the date of the primary election, the date of the special primary election is 35 to 40 days after the general election and the special general election is held 35 to 40 days later.

This Substitute also differs from HB 183 as follows:
• During a year with a general election, May 14 is the last day a special primary election is held before the regular primary if the office being filled is not on the general election ballot. This date is changed from June 30 to be the same as when the office being filled is on the general election ballot.
• Changes the deadline for a candidate's criminal history background check appointment from 48 to 24 hours after the filing deadline.
• Fills a gap in current law by addressing the nomination of a candidate if no candidates of a party have filed for a legislative district that includes area in 2 counties and 1 of those counties does not have a county committee.
• Revises the notice requirements to align with those requirements for regular primary and general elections.
• Adds references to the general election laws applicable to special elections under § 7106 of Title 15.
• Makes additional technical corrections to conform existing law to the standards of the Delaware Legislative Drafting Manual.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
Legislation Document

SPONSOR:

Rep. Gorman & Rep. Morrison & Rep. Michael Smith & Sen. Buckson

Reps. Berry, Romer, Snyder-Hall, Bush, Phillips

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

153rd GENERAL ASSEMBLY

HOUSE SUBSTITUTE NO. 1

FOR

HOUSE BILL NO. 183

AN ACT TO AMEND TITLE 15 OF THE DELAWARE CODE RELATING TO SPECIAL ELECTIONS FOR GENERAL ASSEMBLY.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE:

Section 1. Amend Chapter 71, Title 15 of the Delaware Code by making deletions as shown by strike through and insertions as shown by underline as follows and redesignating accordingly:

Chapter 71. Special

Election

Elections

for the General Assembly

§ 7101. Vacancies in General Assembly; writs of election.

Whenever

(a) If

there is a vacancy in either house of the General

Assembly, by reason of failure to elect, ineligibility, death, resignation or otherwise,

Assembly for any reason under § 6 of Article II of the Delaware Constitution and § 7102(b)(2) of this title does not apply,

within

10

5

days of the creation of the

vacancy

vacancy, the presiding officer of the house in which the vacancy exists shall issue

a writ of election

shall be issued by the presiding officer of the house in which the vacancy exists, directed

to the Department

or, in case of necessity, in such other manner as shall be provided by law. Whenever there is such

that includes all of the following:

(1) The date of the special primary election.

(2) The date of the special general election.

(3) The deadlines for candidates to file and withdraw.

(b) If the house in which the

vacancy

in either house and the General Assembly is not in session,

exists does not have a presiding officer,

the Governor may issue

a

the

writ of election

to fill such vacancy, which writ shall be executed as a writ issued by the presiding officer of either house in case of vacancy.

under subsection (a) of this section.

§ 7102.

Day

Dates

for holding special

election.

elections.

(a) Except as provided

for a year with a general election

under

subsection (b)

paragraphs (b)(2), (c)(2), or (c)(3)

of this section,

the officer issuing the writ shall set the day

the dates

for holding

the

special

election for the vacancy in the General Assembly, but such day shall not be

elections are as follows:

(1) The date for the special primary election must be no

less than

30 nor more than

35 days

and no more than 40 days

next

after the

day of issuing

date of

the

writ.

writ under § 7101 of this title.

(2) The date for the special general election must be no less than 35 days and no more than 40 days after the date of the special primary election.

(b)

If a vacancy occurs that would require a special election to be held after June 30 but before the date of the general election pursuant to subsection (a) of this section in the year of a general election, the officer issuing the writ shall set the time for the election to fill the vacancy at the time of the general election unless the vacancy occurs after September 1 but before the general election and the office for which there is to be a special election is not on the ballot for the aforesaid general election, in which event, the officer issuing the writ shall set the time for the special election no earlier than December 12 nor later than December 20 in the year of the general election.

In a year with a general election under § 1 of Article V of the Delaware Constitution (general election), if the vacancy occurs when the office being filled is on the general election ballot, all of the following apply:

(1) If the date of the special primary election under paragraph (a)(1) of this section is before May 15, the vacancy is filled by special elections scheduled under subsection (a) of this section.

(2) If the date of the special primary election under paragraph (a)(1) of this section would be on or after May 15, the vacancy is filled by the primary and general elections being held that year.

(c)

Notwithstanding subsection (b) of this section, if a vacancy occurs that would require a special election to be held after June 30 but before the date of the general election pursuant to subsection (a) of this section in the year of a general election, the presiding officer of the house in which the vacancy occurs may determine that a special election shall be held sooner than the date of the general election, in which event the requirements of § 7101 of this title and subsection (a) of this section shall be followed.

In a year with a general election, if the office being filled is not on the general election ballot, the dates for special elections under subsection (a) of this section are modified as follows:

(1) If the date of the special primary election under paragraph (a)(1) of this section is before May 15, the vacancy is filled by special elections scheduled under subsection (a) of this section.

(2) If the date of the special primary election under paragraph (a)(1) of this section would be on or after May 15 and on or before the date of the primary election, the vacancy is filled by special elections scheduled as follows:

a. The date of the special primary election is the same as the primary election.

b. The date of the special general election is the same as the general election.

(3) If the date of the special primary election under paragraph (a)(1) of this section would be after the date of the primary election, the vacancy is filled by special elections scheduled as follows:

a. The date for the special primary election must be no less than 35 and no more than 40 days after the date of the general election.

b.

The date for the special general election must be no less than 35 days and no more than 40 days after the date of the special primary election.

§ 7103. Candidates.

(a)

The county committee for each

(1) No later than 5 days after the date of the writ of election under § 7101 of this title, a candidate must notify the Department using the forms required under § 3106(a)(2)a. of this title.

(2) The Department shall provide notice of the candidates who have filed under paragraph (a)(1) of this section to the county committee for each political party in the same manner as notice is provided under § 3106 of this title.

(3)a. If no candidates of a

political party eligible to place candidates on the general election ballot for the most recent past general election

may nominate

have filed under paragraph (a)(1) of this section,

a candidate for the special

general

election

by submitting a nomination to the Department office conducting the special election no later than 25 days before the date of the special election.

may be nominated as follows:

1.A. By that political party’s county committee in the county in which the special election will be held.

B.

If the legislative district up for election includes

the

area

of more than 1 county, the

in 2 counties and both counties have a county committee,

the

2

county committees

for each county

shall

jointly

agree on 1 candidate and the committee for the county where the candidate resides shall submit

the nomination to the Department office conducting the special election.

that candidate’s nomination.

2. By that political party’s state committee if the county in which the special election will be held does not have a county committee or if the legislative district includes area in 2 counties and 1 of the counties does not have a county committee.

b. A nomination under paragraph (a)(3)a. of this section must be submitted to the Department no later than 48 hours after the end of the 5 days under paragraph (a)(1) of this section. The nominating certificates must be in writing and, in each case, contain all of the following:

1. The name and residence of the individual nominated.

2. The office for which the individual is nominated.

3. The chair’s own signature and place of residence.

4. The chair’s acknowledgment of the certificate before an officer duly authorized to administer oaths and a certificate of that acknowledgment.

(b)

A person

An individual

wishing to run as an unaffiliated candidate

who is eligible to hold the office up for

in a special general

election must file a petition in support of that

person’s

individual’s

own candidacy containing the signatures of at least 1% of all voters who are registered in the legislative district as of the first day of the month preceding the month during which the vacancy was created. The

person

individual

must file the petition with the Department

office conducting the special election

no later than 25 days before the

day

date

of the special

general

election.

(c)

If a party eligible to place candidates on the ballot does not have a county committee in the county in which the special election is to be held, the party’s state committee may make the nomination.

[Transferred.]

(d)

Any

A

candidate

for a vacancy in either house of the General Assembly

under this section

must request

a

the

criminal history background check

no earlier than 90 days before the candidate filing deadline and no less than 25 days before the special election from the State Bureau of Identification and

required under § 3106(g) of this title and schedule the necessary appointment no later than 24 hours after the filing deadline. A candidate must

provide proof of

the

this

request

and the appointment

before they can

file or

be nominated as a candidate or file a petition as a candidate under

subsection (a) and (b) of

this section.

(1) A candidate

who is nominated under subsection (a) of this section or files a petition

under

subsection (b) of

this section

will be

is

considered a provisional candidate for election until the Commissioner

has made the determination

determines

that the candidate is qualified under paragraph (d)(5) of this section.

(2)

a.

The State Bureau of Identification must

provide, within 10 days of the State Bureau of Identification’s receipt of the candidate’s request,

provide

a report of the candidate’s criminal history record or a statement that the State Bureau of Identification Central Repository contains no information relating to the candidate.

b. The State Bureau of Identification must provide the report under paragraph (d)(2)a. of this section as soon as possible and no more than 10 days after the State Bureau of Identification’s receipt of the candidate’s request.

(3) The information received by the Commissioner from the State Bureau of Identification under this section is not a public record

as defined in

under

Chapter 100 of Title 29.

(4) The criminal history background check must be paid for by the candidate but may be reimbursed to the candidate as an authorized campaign expenditure under this title.

(5)

a.

The Commissioner must determine

a minimum of 15 days before the special election

that a candidate is qualified under § 21 of Article II of the Delaware Constitution before a candidate’s name may be listed on a special election ballot.

b. The Commissioner must make the determination under paragraph (d)(5)a. of this section as soon as possible and no less than 25 days before the special election.

(e)

Nominating certificates shall be in writing and, in each case, shall contain the name of each person nominated, the person’s residence and the office for which the person is nominated. The chairperson for the party making such certificates shall add thereto the chairperson’s own signature and place of residence and shall acknowledge such certificate before an officer duly authorized to administer oaths, and a certificate of such acknowledgment shall be fixed to the instrument.

No later than 2 days after the filing deadline, a candidate who has filed under this section may withdraw the filing by notifying the Department using the forms required under § 3106(c)

of this title.

(f)

Notwithstanding any other subsection of this section, nominations or petitions for a special election to be held on the date of the general election under the provisions of § 7102(b) of this title shall be filed no later than September 1 or 5 days following the vacancy, whichever is later, if the office is on the general election ballot, or on the date set by the Department if the election is to be held in December following the general election.

[Repealed.]

§ 7104. Notices.

The Department shall provide notice of

the

special

election

elections

as follows:

(1)

On

a. Except as provided under paragraph (1)b. of this section, the Department shall publish a proclamation reciting the writ and appointing the dates for holding the special elections on

the next day after receiving a writ of

election,

unless the same shall be a Sunday or state holiday, and then on the next business day following, the Department shall post a proclamation reciting the writ and appointing a day for holding a special election and

the officer or officers to be chosen on the outside of the courthouse door of its county,

the State’s and the department’s web site,

and the state calendar; and

election under § 7101 of this title.

b. If the next day after receiving a writ under paragraph (1)a. of this section is a Sunday or state holiday, the Department shall publish the proclamation on the next business day following

receipt of the writ.

(2) The notice required under paragraph (1) of this section must include the office being filled and must be posted on all of the following:

a.

The state website.

b. The Department’s website

.

c. The state calendar.

(2)

(3)

On the fifth,

third

third,

and last day

prior to the

before a

special

election,

election noticed under paragraph (1) of this section,

the Department shall publish notice of the special election in a newspaper of general circulation that covers the legislative district up for election.

§ 7105. Election officers and polling places.

(a)

The Department, upon receiving a writ of election, shall appoint sufficient election officers to conduct the election and contract with the usual polling places for the legislative district for which the Department is conducting the special election.

(b)

If a polling place is not available, the Department shall combine the election district or districts in that polling place with the election district or districts in a nearby polling place or contract with another location. The Department shall notify voters if their polling place is moved to another building.

§ 7106. General election laws applicable.

(a)

Every

A

special election

in a representative or senatorial district

under this chapter

shall be provided for, opened, held,

conducted

conducted,

and closed and the result

thereof

ascertained and certified in the same manner, at the same places and subject to the same

laws, so far as the same may be applicable,

laws

as

prescribed for the general election;

required for an election under Part III and Part IV of this title,

unless otherwise provided

for

in this

chapter or elsewhere in this

title.

(b)

The Department may consolidate election districts within the same building.

The requirements for a candidate in a special election under this chapter are the same as the requirements for a candidate under Part III of this title.

§ 7107. Board of canvass.

The Superior Court of each county in which a special election is

held, as constituted under article V, § 6 of the State Constitution, shall, at 10 a.m. on the second day after such special election,

held shall

convene and perform

its duties, prescribed by such section, with reference to such

the duties required under § 6 of Article V of the Delaware Constitution for the

special election, at the same place, with the same powers and in the same manner as for

a general election.

an election under Part III and Part IV of this title.

§ 7108. Term of office of one elected to fill vacancy.

The person

Under § 6 of Article II of the Delaware Constitution, the individual

elected

in a special general election

to fill a vacancy in the General Assembly shall hold office for the residue of the term.

SYNOPSIS

Like House Bill No. 183, House Substitute No. 1 for House Bill No. 183 (Substitute) provides for special primary elections when there are special elections for vacancies in either house of the General Assembly.

This Substitute differs from HB 183 because there is only 1 writ of election and this writ includes the dates for both the special primary election and the special general election. Under this Substitute, the procedure for special elections to fill a vacancy in the General Assembly is as follows:

• The writ of election (writ) must be issued within 5 days of the creation of the vacancy and must provide the date of the special primary election, the date of the special general election, and the deadlines for candidates to file and withdraw.

• The date of the special primary election must be between 35 and 40 days after the date of the writ and the date of the special general election must be between 35 and 40 days after the date of the special primary election.

• If the special primary election is not necessary, the State Election Commissioner will provide notice in the same manner as when there is no contest for a regular primary election under § 3105 of Title 15.

• Candidates have 5 days to file and must schedule the appointment necessary for a criminal history background check no more than 24 hours after the filing deadline.

Like HB 183, this Substitute shortens the time between some steps in the current process. Under this Substitute, the special general election will only be between 35 and 40 days later than when the special election is held under current law. These time periods accommodate 10 days of early voting before the day of each special election and are feasible with current technology and practices. Early voting and absentee voting requirements and procedures remain the same as for regular elections.

In addition, this Substitute modifies the procedure for special elections during a year with a general election. These modifications are consistent with current law and are necessary to avoid holding a special election that is too close to either the regular primary or general election to be feasible for the Department of Elections or to avoid holding multiple elections for the same office within a few months. Under this Substitute, in a year with a general election, special elections are modified as follows:

• If the vacancy is for an office that is on the general election ballot and the date for the special primary election would otherwise be on or after May 15, special elections are not held and the vacancy is filled by that year’s primary and general elections. May 14 is the last day that there would be time to hold a special general election before the end of the regular legislative session.

• If the vacancy occurs in a year with a general election but the vacancy is for an office that is not on the general election ballot, the dates for special elections are modified as follows:

1. If the date of the special primary election would be on or after May 15 and on or before the date of the primary election, the date of the special primary election is the same as the primary election and the date of the special general election is the same as the general election.

2. If the date of the special primary election would be after the date of the primary election, the date of the special primary election is 35 to 40 days after the general election and the special general election is held 35 to 40 days later.

This Substitute also differs from HB 183 as follows:

• During a year with a general election, May 14 is the last day a special primary election is held before the regular primary if the office being filled is not on the general election ballot. This date is changed from June 30 to be the same as when the office being filled is on the general election ballot.

• Changes the deadline for a candidate's criminal history background check appointment from 48 to 24 hours after the filing deadline.

• Fills a gap in current law by addressing the nomination of a candidate if no candidates of a party have filed for a legislative district that includes area in 2 counties and 1 of those counties does not have a county committee.

• Revises the notice requirements to align with those requirements for regular primary and general elections.

• Adds references to the general election laws applicable to special elections under § 7106 of Title 15.

• Makes additional technical corrections to conform existing law to the standards of the Delaware Legislative Drafting Manual.