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HB0429 • 2026

Criteria for Determining Criminal Gang Membership

Criteria for Determining Criminal Gang Membership

Crime Parental Rights
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Criminal Justice Subcommittee ; Baker ; Chamberlin ; (CO-INTRODUCERS) Barnaby ; López, J. ; Maggard ; Salzman ; Yarkosky
Last action
2026-06-17
Official status
Chapter No. 2026-156
Effective date
2026-10-01

Plain English Breakdown

The bill specifies that observation of association requires willful action in custodial settings but does not define 'willful.'

New Rules for Identifying Criminal Gang Members

This law updates the list of signs used to decide if someone is a criminal gang member and creates a new definition for 'gang-related language' on online platforms.

What This Bill Does

  • Changes the definition of 'criminal gang member' in Florida Statute 874.03 so that a person must meet at least two specific criteria to be labeled as one.
  • Lists specific signs such as admitting membership, using hand signs or tattoos associated with gangs, wearing gang clothing, and associating with known members.
  • Adds rules about being identified by parents, guardians, spouses, reliable informants, physical evidence, or untested informants if other proof exists.
  • Defines 'gang-related language' as verbal or written statements that signal gang affiliation, support activity, or use recognized codes and symbols on online platforms.
  • Updates laws regarding property nuisances, death penalty sentencing factors, and jail inmate assessments to match the new definition.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People who may be identified as criminal gang members under Florida law based on meeting two or more criteria.
  • Law enforcement agencies that investigate crimes or receive reports from detention facilities.
  • County and municipal detention facilities responsible for assessing inmate status.

Terms To Know

Criminal gang member
A person who meets two or more of the specific criteria listed in this law, such as admitting membership, using gang symbols, or associating with known members.
Gang-related language
Any verbal or written statement that signals gang affiliation, supports gang activity, or uses recognized gang codes and terminology on online platforms.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The law does not list every specific word or symbol that counts as 'gang-related language,' only describing the types of statements included.
  • Detention facilities are allowed to designate an individual for assessments but must report findings at least once every two weeks; it is unclear if more frequent checks are required.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

341101

Committee amendment H 429 Filed • Baker

Adopted 1/14/2026

Plain English: This amendment changes Florida law by creating a new list of specific behaviors and signs that officials can use to decide if someone is a criminal gang member.

  • A person must meet at least two criteria from the new list to be labeled a criminal gang member, such as admitting membership or using gang hand signs.
  • The law adds 'gang-related language' as a specific definition for words or symbols used online or in writing that show support for a gang.
  • Jails and detention centers must now check inmates against these new rules to identify gang members and report them to police at least once every two weeks.
  • The text does not explain what specific punishments or legal consequences happen after someone is identified as a gang member under this rule.
  • Some parts of the amendment are technical updates to other laws that simply copy these new definitions without adding extra details about how they work.

Bill History

  1. 2026-06-17 The Florida Senate and Florida House of Representatives

    • Chapter No. 2026-156

  2. 2026-06-16 The Florida Senate and Florida House of Representatives

    • Approved by Governor

  3. 2026-06-09 The Florida Senate and Florida House of Representatives

    • Signed by Officers and presented to Governor

  4. 2026-03-10 Senate

    • Withdrawn from Rules -SJ 742 • Placed on Calendar, on 2nd reading • Substituted for CS/CS/SB 536 -SJ 742 • Read 2nd time -SJ 742 • Read 3rd time -SJ 742 • CS passed; YEAS 29 NAYS 9 -SJ 742

  5. 2026-03-10 House

    • In Messages • Ordered enrolled

  6. 2026-02-10 Senate

    • Received

  7. 2026-02-09 Senate

    • Referred to Rules

  8. 2026-02-04 House

    • Read 2nd time • Added to Third Reading Calendar • Read 3rd time • CS passed; YEAS 100, NAYS 7

  9. 2026-02-04 Senate

    • In Messages

  10. 2026-01-29 House

    • Bill added to Special Order Calendar (2/4/2026)

  11. 2026-01-22 House

    • Favorable by Judiciary Committee • Reported out of Judiciary Committee • Bill released to House Calendar • Added to Second Reading Calendar

  12. 2026-01-20 House

    • Added to Judiciary Committee agenda

  13. 2026-01-16 House

    • Referred to Judiciary Committee • Now in Judiciary Committee

  14. 2026-01-15 House

    • 1st Reading (Committee Substitute 1)

  15. 2026-01-14 House

    • Favorable with CS by Criminal Justice Subcommittee • Reported out of Criminal Justice Subcommittee • Laid on Table under Rule 7.18(a) • CS Filed

  16. 2026-01-13 House

    • 1st Reading (Original Filed Version)

  17. 2026-01-12 House

    • Added to Criminal Justice Subcommittee agenda

  18. 2025-11-24 House

    • Referred to Criminal Justice Subcommittee • Referred to Judiciary Committee • Now in Criminal Justice Subcommittee

  19. 2025-11-14 House

    • Filed

Official Summary Text

Criteria for Determining Criminal Gang Membership; Revises definition of term "criminal gang member"; defines "gang-related language."

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
ENROLLED
CS/HB 429 2026 Legislature

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F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S

1
An act relating to criteria for determining criminal 2
gang membership; amending s. 874.03, F.S.; revising 3
the definition of the term "criminal gang member"; 4
defining the term "gang-related language"; reenacting 5
ss. 823.05(2)(a), 921.141(6)(n), and 951.23(11), F.S., 6
all relating to the definition of the term "criminal 7
gang member", to incorporate the amendment made to s. 8
874.03, F.S., in references thereto; providing an 9
effective date. 10
11
Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: 12
13
Section 1. Subsections (6), (7), and (8) of section 14
874.03, Florida Statutes, are renumbered as subsections (7), 15
(8), and (9), respectively, subsection (3) of that section is 16
amended, and a new subsection (6) is added to that section, to 17
read: 18
874.03 Definitions.—As used in this chapter: 19
(3) "Criminal gang member" means is a person who meets two 20
or more of the following criteria: 21
(a) Admits in person or on an online platform or social 22
media that he or she is a criminal gang member. 23
(b)(a) Is identified or claimed by a Admits to criminal 24
gang as one of its members membership. 25

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F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S

(c)(b) Is identified as a criminal gang member by a 26
parent, or guardian, or spouse living with the person. 27
(d)(c) Is identified as a criminal gang member by a 28
documented reliable informant. 29
(e)(d) Adopts the style of dress of a criminal gang. 30
(f)(e) Adopts the use of a hand sign identified as used by 31
a criminal gang. 32
(g)(f) Has a tattoo identified as used by a criminal gang. 33
(h)(g) Associates with one or more known criminal gang 34
members. 35
(i)(h) Is identified as a criminal gang member by an 36
informant of previously untested reliability and such 37
identification is corroborated by independent information. 38
(j)(i) Is identified as a criminal gang member by physical 39
evidence. 40
(k)(j) Has been observed in the company of one or more 41
known criminal gang members two four or more times. Observation 42
in a custodial setting requires a willful association. It is the 43
intent of the Legislature to allow this criterion to be used to 44
identify gang members who recruit and organize in jails, 45
prisons, and other detention settings. 46
(l)(k) Has authored any communication indicating gang 47
affiliation or gang activity or accepting responsibility for the 48
commission of any crime by a the criminal gang member. 49
(m) Uses gang-related language in furtherance of criminal 50

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F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S

gang-related activity on an online platform or social media. 51
52
Where a single act or factual transaction satisfies the 53
requirements of more than one of the criteria in this 54
subsection, each of those criteria has thereby been satisfied 55
for the purposes of this subsection the statute. 56
(6) "Gang-related language" means any verbal or written 57
statement that signals gang affiliation, supports gang activity, 58
or uses recognized gang codes, symbols, or terminology 59
associated with criminal organizations. Written statements 60
include any digital or electronic statements, including 61
statements made on any online platform or social media. 62
Section 2. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment 63
made by this act to section 874.03, Florida Statutes, in a 64
reference thereto, paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of section 65
823.05, Florida Statutes, is reenacted to read: 66
823.05 Places and groups engaged in certain activities 67
declared a nuisance; abatement and enjoinment.— 68
(2)(a) As used in this subsection, the terms "criminal 69
gang," "criminal gang member," "criminal gang associate," and 70
"criminal gang-related activity" have the same meanings as 71
provided in s. 874.03. 72
Section 3. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment 73
made by this act to section 874.03, Florida Statutes, in a 74
reference thereto, paragraph (n) of subsection (6) of section 75

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921.141, Florida Statutes, is reenacted to read: 76
921.141 Sentence of death or life imprisonment for capital 77
felonies; further proceedings to determine sentence.— 78
(6) AGGRAVATING FACTORS.—Aggravating factors shall be 79
limited to the following: 80
(n) The capital felony was committed by a criminal gang 81
member, as defined in s. 874.03. 82
Section 4. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment 83
made by this act to section 874.03, Florida Statutes, in a 84
reference thereto, subsection (11) of section 951.23, Florida 85
Statutes, is reenacted to read: 86
951.23 County and municipal detention facilities; 87
definitions; administration; standards and requirements.— 88
(11) GANG STATUS OF INMATES.—A county or municipal 89
detention facility may designate an individual to be responsible 90
for assessing whether each current inmate is a criminal gang 91
member or associate using the criteria in s. 874.03. The 92
individual should at least once biweekly transmit information on 93
inmates believed to be criminal gang members or associates to 94
the arresting law enforcement agency. 95
Section 5. This act shall take effect October 1, 2026. 96