Elections

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A bill to be entitled 1
An act relating to elections; amending s. 20.10, F.S.; 2
requiring that the Secretary of State be elected, 3
rather than appointed, and serve a specified term; 4
specifying when such election must occur; amending s. 5
20.32, F.S.; requiring the Florida Commission on 6
Offender Review to develop and maintain a database for 7
a specified purpose; specifying database requirements; 8
requiring specified entities to provide specified 9
information to the commission on a monthly basis; 10
requiring the Department of Management Services, 11
acting through the Florida Digital Service, to provide 12
technical assistance to the commission in developing 13
and maintaining the database; authorizing the 14
Department of Management Services to adopt rules; 15
requiring the commission to make the database publicly 16
available on a website by a specified date; requiring 17
the commission to update the database monthly; 18
requiring the commission to publish certain 19
instructions on the website; requiring the commission 20
to submit a certain comprehensive plan to the Governor 21
and the Legislature by a specified date; specifying 22
requirements for the comprehensive plan; providing 23
that certain persons who register to vote may not be 24
charged with certain violations as a result of such 25

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registration or voting; requiring the Division of 26
Elections and the supervisors of elections to complete 27
the necessary steps to reregister individuals under 28
specified conditions; requiring the division and 29
supervisors to send certain mail to individuals under 30
specified conditions; requiring the information in the 31
statewide database to be updated weekly rather than 32
monthly during a specified timeframe; requiring the 33
commission to adopt rules; amending s. 97.021, F.S.; 34
defining terms; revising the definition of the term 35
"election"; providing construction; repealing s. 36
97.022, F.S., relating to the Office of Election 37
Crimes and Security; repealing s. 97.0291, F.S., 38
relating to prohibiting the use of private funds for 39
election-related expenses; creating s. 97.0556, F.S.; 40
authorizing a person who meets certain requirements to 41
register to vote for the early voting period or 42
election day at an early voting site or his or her 43
polling place and cast a ballot immediately 44
thereafter; amending s. 97.057, F.S.; authorizing the 45
Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles to 46
preregister certain individuals to vote; providing 47
that driver license or identification card 48
applications, driver license or identification card 49
renewal applications, and applications for changes of 50

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address for existing driver licenses or identification 51
cards submitted to the department serve as voter 52
registration applications; providing that an applicant 53
is deemed to have consented to the use of his or her 54
signature for voter registration purposes unless a 55
declination is made; requiring that specified 56
applications include a voter registration component, 57
subject to approval by the Department of State; 58
providing requirements for the voter registration 59
component; requiring the Department of Highway Safety 60
and Motor Vehicles to transmit voter registration 61
information electronically to the Department of State 62
within a specified timeframe; requiring the Department 63
of State to provide such information to supervisors of 64
elections; deleting a provision prohibiting persons 65
providing voter registration services for a driver 66
license office from making changes to an applicant's 67
party affiliation without the applicant's consent and 68
separate signature; requiring the Department of 69
Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles to ensure that all 70
registration services comply with state and federal 71
laws; requiring the Department of Highway Safety and 72
Motor Vehicles, as soon as practicable, to notify the 73
Department of State of any change to a driver license 74
number or identification card number; requiring the 75

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Department of State to transmit such changes to the 76
appropriate supervisor; requiring such supervisors to 77
update registration records and provide notice by mail 78
of such change to the registrant; prohibiting a change 79
in a driver license or an identification card number 80
from being the sole basis that prevents an otherwise 81
eligible citizen from casting his or her ballot; 82
deleting obsolete language; making technical changes; 83
amending s. 97.0575, F.S.; revising the information a 84
third-party voter registration organization is 85
required to provide to the Division of Elections of 86
the Department of State; deleting a provision that 87
provides for the expiration of such organization's 88
registration at the conclusion of the general election 89
cycle for which the organization is registered; 90
deleting provisions requiring such organizations to 91
provide a specified receipt in a uniform format to 92
applicants; revising the timeframe within which such 93
organizations must deliver completed applications to 94
the division or a supervisor of elections; revising 95
certain penalties; revising the aggregate limit of 96
such penalties; requiring that fines be remitted to 97
specified supervisors of elections; requiring such 98
supervisors to expend monies collected from such fines 99
for specified purposes; deleting criminal and 100

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administrative penalties; deleting provisions 101
requiring the division to adopt certain rules; 102
deleting provisions that prohibit providing applicants 103
a pre-filled voter registration application and the 104
specified fine for such action; deleting provisions 105
for retroactive application; creating part III of ch. 106
97, F.S., entitled "Florida Voting Rights Act"; 107
creating s. 97.21, F.S.; prohibiting local 108
governments, state agencies, and state officials from 109
implementing, imposing, or enforcing election 110
policies, practices, or actions that result in, will 111
result in, or are intended to result in specified 112
disparities or impairments; providing that it is not a 113
violation if such entities demonstrate, by a specified 114
evidentiary standard, certain conditions; providing 115
that it is always a violation if specified 116
circumstances exist; prohibiting local governments 117
from employing methods of election that have the 118
effect, will likely have the effect, or are motivated 119
in part by the intent of diluting the vote of 120
protected class members; providing the requirements to 121
establish a violation; providing relevant factors to 122
evaluate the totality of circumstances related to 123
voter suppression and vote dilution; providing 124
construction; providing that such factors are most 125

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probative under a specified condition; providing 126
circumstances used to determine whether elections in 127
the local government exhibit racially polarized 128
voting; providing construction; providing 129
circumstances that are never relevant to violations of 130
specified provisions; providing that a state interest 131
in preventing voter fraud or bolstering voter 132
confidence in the integrity of elections is relevant 133
under specified circumstances; providing that evidence 134
concerning the intent of electors, elected officials, 135
and public officials is not required to prove such 136
violations; providing that voting habits of protected 137
class members may be relevant to certain violations; 138
requiring a prospective plaintiff, before filing a 139
certain action against a local government, to send a 140
notification letter, by specified means, to the local 141
government; prohibiting a party from filing an action 142
under specified circumstances; authorizing a local 143
government to adopt a specified resolution within a 144
specified timeframe; providing that, under certain 145
circumstances, a proposed remedy in such resolution 146
may be approved by the Florida Voting Rights Act 147
Commission if certain conditions are met; authorizing 148
a party that sent a notification letter to submit a 149
claim for reimbursement from the local government 150

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under specified circumstances; providing requirements 151
for such claim; authorizing the party or local 152
government to file an action for declaratory judgment 153
for a clarification of rights under certain 154
circumstances; authorizing a party to bring a cause of 155
action for a specified violation under specified 156
circumstances; requiring certain local governments to 157
take certain action; requiring the commission to post 158
notification letters and resolutions on its website 159
under certain circumstances; authorizing the 160
commission to adopt certain rules; prohibiting local 161
governments from asserting specified defenses; 162
authorizing specified entities to file certain 163
enforcement actions; prohibiting certain entities from 164
being compelled to disclose the identity of a member; 165
providing construction; creating s. 97.22, F.S.; 166
creating the Florida Voting Rights Act Commission 167
within the Department of State; providing that the 168
commission is a separate budget entity and must submit 169
a budget in accordance with specified provisions; 170
requiring the commission to have its own staff; 171
providing that the commission is not subject to 172
control, supervision, or direction by the Department 173
of State; providing for the composition of the 174
commission; providing that commissioners serve 175

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staggered terms; requiring that commissioners be 176
compensated at a specified hourly rate; requiring the 177
formation of a nominating committee; providing for the 178
appointment and removal of nominating committee 179
members; requiring the nominating committee to select 180
a chair; requiring that commissioners be selected 181
using a specified process; requiring that upon initial 182
formation of the commission, a specified number of 183
commissioners be selected by lot and randomly assigned 184
term lengths for purposes of achieving staggered 185
terms; providing for filling vacancies on the 186
commission; authorizing the commission to take 187
specified actions in any action or investigation to 188
enforce specified provisions; authorizing the 189
commission to hire staff and make expenditures for a 190
specified purpose; authorizing the commission to adopt 191
rules; creating s. 97.23, F.S.; requiring the 192
commission to enter into agreements with one or more 193
postsecondary educational institutions to create the 194
Florida Voting and Elections Database and Institute 195
for specified purposes; requiring the parties to the 196
agreement to enter into a memorandum of understanding 197
that includes the process for selecting a director of 198
the database and institute; requiring the database and 199
institute to provide a center for specified purposes; 200

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authorizing the database and institute to perform 201
specified actions; requiring the database and 202
institute to make election and voting data records for 203
a specified timeframe available to the public at no 204
cost and to maintain such records in an electronic 205
format; requiring the database and institute to use 206
certain methodologies when preparing estimates; 207
specifying the data and records that must be 208
maintained; requiring state agencies and local 209
governments to timely provide any information 210
requested by the director of the database and 211
institute; requiring local governments to transmit 212
specified information to the database and institute 213
within a certain timeframe; requiring specified 214
entities to provide data, statistics, and other 215
information annually to the database and institute; 216
authorizing specified entities to file enforcement 217
actions; providing construction; prohibiting certain 218
entities from being compelled to disclose the identity 219
of a member for a certain purpose; providing that 220
enforcement actions may be filed in accordance with 221
the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure or in a specified 222
venue; requiring the database and institute to 223
annually publish a certain report within a specified 224
timeframe; requiring the database and institute to 225

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provide nonpartisan technical assistance to specified 226
entities; providing that a rebuttable presumption 227
exists that data, estimates, or other information from 228
the database and institute is valid; creating s. 229
97.24, F.S.; defining terms; requiring the Florida 230
Voting Rights Act Commission to designate languages 231
other than English for which language assistance must 232
be provided by a local government, if certain 233
conditions exist; providing the circumstances under 234
which the commission must designate languages other 235
than English for voting and elections; requiring the 236
commission to publish specified information annually 237
on its website and distribute such information to 238
local governments; requiring local governments to 239
provide language assistance for specified purposes if 240
the commission makes a certain determination; 241
requiring that certain materials be provided in such 242
language; requiring that certain information be given 243
orally to voters; requiring that translated materials 244
be of a certain quality, convey a specified intent and 245
meaning, and may not rely solely on automatic 246
translation services; requiring that live translation 247
be used if available; requiring the commission to 248
establish a specified review process; providing 249
requirements for such review process; authorizing 250

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specified entities to file enforcement actions; 251
prohibiting certain entities from being compelled to 252
disclose the identity of a member for a certain 253
purpose; providing construction; requiring that 254
enforcement actions be filed in accordance with the 255
Florida Rules of Civil Procedure or in a specified 256
venue; creating s. 97.25, F.S.; providing that the 257
enactment or implementation of a covered policy by a 258
covered jurisdiction is subject to preclearance by the 259
commission; specifying actions by a local government 260
which are covered policies; requiring that if a 261
covered jurisdiction does not make changes to its 262
method of election, such method is deemed a covered 263
policy that must be submitted to the commission; 264
specifying which local governments are covered 265
jurisdictions; requiring the commission to determine 266
and publish annually on its website a list of local 267
governments that are covered jurisdictions; requiring 268
a covered jurisdiction, if seeking preclearance, to 269
submit the covered policy to the commission in 270
writing; requiring the commission to review the 271
covered policy and grant or deny preclearance; 272
providing that the covered jurisdiction bears the 273
burden of proof in the preclearance process; providing 274
that the commission may deny preclearance only if it 275

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makes certain determinations; providing that if 276
preclearance is denied, the covered policy may not be 277
enacted or implemented; requiring the commission to 278
provide a written explanation for a denial; 279
authorizing a covered jurisdiction to immediately 280
enact or implement a covered policy if granted 281
preclearance; providing that such determination is not 282
admissible and may not be considered by a court in a 283
subsequent action challenging the covered policy; 284
providing that a covered policy is deemed precleared 285
and may be implemented or enacted by the covered 286
jurisdiction if the commission fails to approve or 287
deny the covered policy within specified timeframes; 288
requiring the commission to grant or deny preclearance 289
within specified timeframes; authorizing the 290
commission to invoke a specified number of extensions 291
of a specified timeframe to determine preclearance; 292
providing that a denial of preclearance may be 293
appealed only by the covered jurisdiction in a 294
specified venue; authorizing specified entities to 295
enjoin the enactment or implementation of specified 296
policies and to seek sanctions against covered 297
jurisdictions in specified circumstances; authorizing 298
specified entities to file enforcement actions; 299
prohibiting certain entities from being compelled to 300

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disclose the identity of a member for a certain 301
purpose; providing construction; specifying that 302
enforcement actions must be filed in accordance with 303
the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure or in a specified 304
venue; requiring the commission to adopt rules; 305
creating s. 97.26, F.S.; prohibiting a person from 306
engaging in acts of intimidation, deception, or 307
obstruction, or any other tactic that has the effect 308
or will reasonably have the effect, of interfering 309
with another person's right to vote; specifying acts 310
that are deemed violations; providing a rebuttable 311
presumption; providing an exception; authorizing 312
specified entities to file a civil action alleging a 313
violation of specified provisions; prohibiting certain 314
entities from being compelled to disclose the identity 315
of a member for a certain purpose; providing 316
construction; specifying that actions must be filed in 317
accordance with the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure 318
or in a specified venue; requiring the court to order 319
specified remedies; creating s. 97.27, F.S.; providing 320
construction; providing applicability; creating s. 321
97.28, F.S.; requiring the court to order appropriate 322
remedies for violations of the act; specifying 323
appropriate remedies; requiring the court to consider 324
remedies proposed by specified parties; prohibiting 325

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the court from giving deference to a remedy proposed 326
by the state or local government; providing that the 327
court is empowered to require local governments to 328
implement certain remedies under specified conditions; 329
requiring the court to grant a temporary injunction or 330
other preliminary relief requested under specified 331
conditions; requiring the court to award attorney fees 332
and litigation costs to the prevailing party in 333
actions to enforce specified provisions; providing 334
that a party is deemed to prevail if certain 335
conditions are met; prohibiting the court from 336
awarding costs for the prevailing party under 337
specified circumstances; amending s. 98.045, F.S.; 338
conforming a cross-reference; amending s. 98.255, 339
F.S.; revising the standards the Department of State 340
is required to prescribe by rule for nonpartisan voter 341
education; requiring that supervisors provide public-342
facing voter information in plain language to be 343
understood by certain persons; amending s. 100.371, 344
F.S.; providing that a certain notice may be returned 345
to the supervisor of elections instead of the Office 346
of Elections Crime and Security; requiring that such 347
notice contain specified information relating to the 348
supervisor of elections; requiring supervisors to 349
transmit a copy of such notice to the Division of 350

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Elections; requiring supervisors to notify the 351
Department of State instead of the Office of Election 352
Crimes and Security if a specified percentage of 353
petition forms are deemed invalid; requiring the 354
department instead of the Office of Election Crimes 355
and Security to conduct a certain preliminary 356
investigation; authorizing the Secretary of State 357
instead of the Office of Election Crimes and Security 358
to report findings to the statewide prosecutor; making 359
conforming changes; creating s. 100.51, F.S.; 360
establishing General Election Day as a paid holiday; 361
providing that a voter may absent himself or herself 362
from service or employment at a specific time on 363
General Election Day and may not be penalized or have 364
salary or wages deducted for such absence; creating s. 365
101.016, F.S.; requiring the Division of Elections to 366
maintain a secure election equipment reserve for 367
specified purposes; requiring that such reserve 368
include specified equipment; authorizing the division 369
to contract with specified entities rather than 370
physically maintain such reserve; providing contract 371
requirements; requiring the division to annually 372
submit a specified report to the Governor and the 373
Legislature, beginning on a specified date; repealing 374
s. 101.019, F.S., relating to the prohibition against 375

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ranked-choice voting; amending s. 101.048, F.S.; 376
providing that a voter may cast a provisional ballot 377
at any precinct in the county in which the voter 378
claims to be registered; making technical changes; 379
amending s. 101.572, F.S.; deleting provisions on the 380
public inspection of ballots and ballot cards and 381
notification to candidates; amending s. 101.62, F.S.; 382
providing that a request for a vote-by-mail ballot is 383
valid until the voter cancels the request; revising 384
the timeframe during which the supervisor must mail 385
vote-by-mail ballots before election day; deleting 386
requirements for a person designated by a voter to 387
pick up the voter's vote-by-mail ballot; providing for 388
extension of deadlines under certain conditions; 389
amending s. 101.64, F.S.; requiring supervisors of 390
elections to enclose a postage prepaid mailing 391
envelope with each vote-by-mail ballot; providing that 392
vote-by-mail ballot voter certificates may be signed 393
with the last four digits of the voter's social 394
security number; making technical changes; amending s. 395
101.65, F.S.; revising the instructions that must be 396
provided with a vote-by-mail ballot; amending s. 397
101.68, F.S.; requiring supervisors of elections to 398
compare the signature or last four digits of the 399
social security number on a voter's certificate with 400

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the signature or last four digits of the social 401
security number in the registration books or precinct 402
register when canvassing a vote-by-mail ballot; 403
requiring a canvassing board to compare the signature 404
or last four digits of the social security number on a 405
voter's certificate or vote-by-mail ballot cure 406
affidavit with the signature or last four digits of 407
the social security number in the registration books 408
or precinct register when canvassing a vote-by-mail 409
ballot and to determine the validity of such ballot; 410
deleting the authorization for certain persons to file 411
a protest against the canvass of a ballot; revising 412
the instructions on a cure affidavit; amending s. 413
101.69, F.S.; deleting a provision providing that 414
specified secure ballot intake stations be used only 415
during specified timeframes and be monitored by an 416
employee of the supervisor's office; requiring that 417
secure ballot intake stations be monitored by the 418
supervisor's office during specified timeframes 419
instead of continuously monitored in person by an 420
employee; deleting a provision authorizing a certain 421
civil penalty; making technical changes; repealing s. 422
104.0616, F.S., relating to violations regarding vote-423
by-mail ballots and voting; amending s. 104.155, F.S.; 424
deleting a provision prohibiting a person from raising 425

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his or her ignorance regarding citizenship as a 426
defense to specified violations; amending ss. 104.42 427
and 921.0022, F.S.; conforming provisions to changes 428
made by the act; providing effective dates. 429
430
WHEREAS, Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore were the first 431
true civil rights activists of the modern civil rights era in 432
this state, and 433
WHEREAS, the Moores, and the organizations they helped 434
found and lead, were instrumental in registering more than 435
100,000 black voters in this state, and 436
WHEREAS, the Moores paid the ultimate price for the 437
freedoms they fought to secure for their community when members 438
of the Ku Klux Klan bombed their home in Mims on Christmas Day 439
in 1951, and 440
WHEREAS, at the time of their death, Florida had the most 441
registered black voters, outpacing any other state in the South, 442
and 443
WHEREAS, the purpose of this act is to encourage maximum 444
participation of all eligible voters in this state's electoral 445
process, and 446
WHEREAS, electoral systems that deny race, color, or 447
language minority groups an equal opportunity to elect 448
candidates of their choice and influence the outcome of an 449
election are inconsistent with the right to equal treatment 450

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before the law as provided in Articles I and II of the State 451
Constitution, as well as protections found in the 14th and 15th 452
Amendments to the United States Constitution, and 453
WHEREAS, this act expands voting rights granted under the 454
federal Voting Rights Act of 1965 and reaffirms the well-455
established principle of "one person, one vote," and 456
WHEREAS, following decisions by the United States Supreme 457
Court in Shelby County v. Holder and Brnovich v. Democratic 458
National Committee, the landmark Voting Rights Act of 1965 has 459
been severely diminished in its ability to protect the freedom 460
and opportunity of black and brown voters to participate fully 461
in the political process of our democratic republic, and 462
WHEREAS, this act builds on the historical work of the 463
named and nameless Floridians who fought for their right to the 464
elective franchise, NOW, THEREFORE, 465
466
Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: 467
468
Section 1. Effective upon becoming a law, subsection (1) 469
of section 20.10, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: 470
20.10 Department of State.—There is created a Department 471
of State. 472
(1) The head of the Department of State is the Secretary 473
of State. The Secretary of State shall be elected at the 474
statewide general election at which the Governor, Lieutenant 475

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Governor, and Cabinet officers are elected, as provided in s. 5, 476
Art. IV of the State Constitution, and shall serve a term of 4 477
years beginning on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in 478
January of the year following such election appointed by the 479
Governor, subject to confirmation by the Senate, and shall serve 480
at the pleasure of the Governor. The Secretary of State shall 481
perform the functions conferred by the State Constitution upon 482
the custodian of state records. 483
Section 2. Subsection (4) is added to section 20.32, 484
Florida Statutes, to read: 485
20.32 Florida Commission on Offender Review.— 486
(4)(a) For the purpose of assisting a person who has been 487
disqualified from voting based on a felony conviction, other 488
than a conviction for murder or a felony sexual offense, in 489
determining whether he or she has met the requirements under s. 490
98.0751 to have his or her voting rights restored pursuant to s. 491
4, Art. VI of the State Constitution, the commission shall 492
develop and maintain a database that contains for each such 493
person all of the following information: 494
1. His or her name and any other personal identifying 495
information. 496
2. The remaining length of any term of supervision, 497
including, but not limited to, probation, community control, or 498
parole, ordered by a court as part of his or her sentence. 499
3. The remaining amount of any restitution he or she owes 500

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to a victim as ordered by a court as part of his or her 501
sentence. 502
4. The remaining amount due of all fines or fees that were 503
initially ordered by a court as part of his or her sentence or 504
as a condition of any form of supervision, including, but not 505
limited to, probation, community control, or parole. 506
5. The completion status of any other term ordered by a 507
court as a part of his or her sentence. 508
6. Any other information needed to determine whether he or 509
she has met the requirements for restoration of voting rights 510
under s. 98.0751. 511
(b) The Department of State, the Department of 512
Corrections, the clerks of the circuit court, the county 513
comptrollers, and the Board of Executive Clemency shall provide 514
to the commission on a monthly basis any information required 515
under paragraph (a). 516
(c) The Department of Management Services, acting through 517
the Florida Digital Service, shall provide any technical 518
assistance necessary for the commission to develop and maintain 519
the database. The Department of Management Services may adopt 520
rules governing the provision of such assistance. 521
(d) By July 1, 2028, the commission shall make the 522
database available on a public website. The commission shall 523
update the database monthly with the information received from 524
each governmental entity under paragraph (b). The commission 525

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shall publish on the website clear instructions that a person 526
who has been disqualified from voting based on a felony 527
conviction, other than for murder or a felony sexual offense, 528
may follow to have his or her voting rights restored and to 529
register to vote. 530
(e) By July 1, 2027, the commission shall provide a 531
comprehensive plan to the Governor, the President of the Senate, 532
and the Speaker of the House of Representatives which includes 533
all of the following: 534
1. The governmental entities from which and the methods by 535
which the commission shall collect, centralize, analyze, and 536
secure the information required to be included in the database. 537
2. A description of any infrastructure and services, 538
including, but not limited to, software, hardware, and 539
information technology services, which may be necessary to 540
create and maintain the database. 541
3. The anticipated number of additional employees 542
necessary for: 543
a. The commission to develop and maintain the database. 544
b. A governmental entity to provide the information 545
required under paragraph (b). 546
c. The Florida Digital Service to provide the assistance 547
required under paragraph (c). 548
4. The anticipated initial cost to develop the database; 549
the annual cost to maintain the database; and the annual 550

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appropriation required to fund the anticipated costs incurred by 551
the commission, each governmental entity, and the Florida 552
Digital Service. 553
5. Any legal authority necessary for the commission to 554
develop and maintain the database. 555
6. Draft legislation to implement the comprehensive plan. 556
(f) Notwithstanding any other law, a person who registers 557
to vote or who votes in reasonable reliance on information 558
contained in the database indicating that his or her voting 559
rights have been restored pursuant to s. 4, Art. VI of the State 560
Constitution has an affirmative right to register and to vote 561
and may not be charged with a violation of any criminal law of 562
this state related to fraudulently voting or registering to 563
vote. 564
(g) If an individual was registered to vote before his or 565
her felony conviction met the requirements under s. 98.0751 to 566
have his or her voting rights restored pursuant to s. 4, Art. VI 567
of the State Constitution, the Division of Elections and the 568
individual's supervisor of elections shall, as soon as 569
practicable, complete the necessary steps to automatically 570
reregister such individual to vote at his or her most recent 571
address. This process must be noted in the statewide database. 572
(h) If an individual meets the requirements under s. 573
98.0751 to have his or her voting rights restored pursuant to s. 574
4, Art. VI of the State Constitution, but was not registered to 575

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vote before his or her conviction, the Division of Elections and 576
the individual's supervisor of elections shall send by United 577
States mail to the individual's most current address information 578
on how to register to vote, including a copy of the current 579
voter registration form. This process must be noted in the 580
statewide database. 581
(i) Within 120 days before a general election until the 582
voter registration deadline for that election, information on 583
the statewide database must be updated weekly rather than 584
monthly. 585
(j) The commission shall adopt rules to implement this 586
subsection. 587
Section 3. Section 97.021, Florida Statutes, is amended to 588
read: 589
97.021 Definitions.—For the purposes of this code, except 590
where the context clearly indicates otherwise, the term: 591
(1) "Absent elector" means any registered and qualified 592
voter who casts a vote-by-mail ballot. 593
(2) "Absent uniformed services voter" means: 594
(a) A member of a uniformed service on active duty who, by 595
reason of such active duty, is absent from the place of 596
residence where the member is otherwise qualified to vote; 597
(b) A member of the merchant marine who, by reason of 598
service in the merchant marine, is absent from the place of 599
residence where the member is otherwise qualified to vote; or 600

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(c) A spouse or dependent of a member referred to in 601
paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) who, by reason of the active duty 602
or service of the member, is absent from the place of residence 603
where the spouse or dependent is otherwise qualified to vote. 604
(3) "Address of legal residence" means the legal 605
residential address of the elector and includes all information 606
necessary to differentiate one residence from another, 607
including, but not limited to, a distinguishing apartment, 608
suite, lot, room, or dormitory room number or other identifier. 609
(4) "Alternative formats" has the meaning ascribed in the 610
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, Pub. L. No. 101-336, 42 611
U.S.C. ss. 12101 et seq., including specifically the technical 612
assistance manuals promulgated thereunder, as amended. 613
(5) "Automatic tabulating equipment" means an apparatus 614
that automatically examines, counts, and records votes. 615
(6) "Ballot" or "official ballot" when used in reference 616
to: 617
(a) "Electronic or electromechanical devices" means a 618
ballot that is voted by the process of electronically 619
designating, including by touchscreen, or marking with a marking 620
device for tabulation by automatic tabulating equipment or data 621
processing equipment. 622
(b) "Marksense ballots" means that printed sheet of paper, 623
used in conjunction with an electronic or electromechanical vote 624
tabulation voting system, containing the names of candidates, or 625

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a statement of proposed constitutional amendments or other 626
questions or propositions submitted to the electorate at any 627
election, on which sheet of paper an elector casts his or her 628
vote. 629
(7) "Candidate" means any person to whom any one or more 630
of the following applies: 631
(a) Any person who seeks to qualify for nomination or 632
election by means of the petitioning process. 633
(b) Any person who seeks to qualify for election as a 634
write-in candidate. 635
(c) Any person who receives contributions or makes 636
expenditures, or gives his or her consent for any other person 637
to receive contributions or make expenditures, with a view to 638
bringing about his or her nomination or election to, or 639
retention in, public office. 640
(d) Any person who appoints a treasurer and designates a 641
primary depository. 642
(e) Any person who files qualification papers and 643
subscribes to a candidate's oath as required by law. 644
645
However, this definition does not include any candidate for a 646
political party executive committee. 647
(8) "Database and institute" means the Florida Voting and 648
Elections Database and Institute. 649
(9) "Department" means the Department of State. 650

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(10)(9) "Division" means the Division of Elections of the 651
Department of State. 652
(11)(10) "Early voting" means casting a ballot prior to 653
election day at a location designated by the supervisor of 654
elections and depositing the voted ballot in the tabulation 655
system. 656
(12)(11) "Early voting area" means the area designated by 657
the supervisor of elections at an early voting site at which 658
early voting activities occur, including, but not limited to, 659
lines of voters waiting to be processed, the area where voters 660
check in and are processed, and the area where voters cast their 661
ballots. 662
(13)(12) "Early voting site" means those locations 663
specified in s. 101.657 and the building in which early voting 664
occurs. 665
(14)(13) "Election" means any primary election, special 666
primary election, special election, general election, county 667
election, municipal election, referendum, or presidential 668
preference primary election, or any other local or state 669
election. 670
(15)(14) "Election board" means the clerk and inspectors 671
appointed to conduct an election. 672
(16)(15) "Election costs" shall include, but not be 673
limited to, expenditures for all paper supplies such as 674
envelopes, instructions to voters, affidavits, reports, ballot 675

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cards, ballot booklets for vote-by-mail voters, postage, notices 676
to voters; advertisements for registration book closings, 677
testing of voting equipment, sample ballots, and polling places; 678
forms used to qualify candidates; polling site rental and 679
equipment delivery and pickup; data processing time and 680
supplies; election records retention; and labor costs, including 681
those costs uniquely associated with vote-by-mail ballot 682
preparation, poll workers, and election night canvass. 683
(17) "Election policy or practice" includes any 684
qualification to be an elector, prerequisite to voting, or 685
method of election, as well as any law, statute, ordinance, 686
resolution, charter code or provision, regulation, rule, policy, 687
practice, procedure, standard, or action with respect to voting 688
or the administration or schedule of elections. 689
(18)(16) "Elector" is synonymous with the word "voter" or 690
"qualified elector or voter," except where the word is used to 691
describe presidential electors. 692
(19) "Federal Voting Rights Act" means the federal Voting 693
Rights Act of 1965, 52 U.S.C. s. 10301 et seq., as amended. 694
(20) "FLVRA Commission" means the Florida Voting Rights 695
Act Commission. 696
(21)(17) "General election" means an election held on the 697
first Tuesday after the first Monday in November in the even-698
numbered years, for the purpose of filling national, state, 699
county, and district offices and for voting on constitutional 700

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amendments not otherwise provided for by law. 701
(22) "Government enforcement action" means any denial of 702
administrative or judicial preclearance by the state or the 703
Federal Government; pending litigation filed by a state or 704
federal entity; or final judgment or adjudication, consent 705
decree, or other similar formal action. 706
(23) "Legislative body" means the commission, council, 707
school board, or other similar body, by whatever name known, of 708
local government. 709
(24)(18) "Lists of registered electors" means names and 710
associated information of registered electors maintained by the 711
department in the statewide voter registration system or 712
generated or derived from the statewide voter registration 713
system. Lists may be produced in printed or electronic format. 714
(25) "Local government" means any county, municipality, 715
school district, special district, supervisor of elections or 716
other governmental entity that administers elections, or any 717
other political subdivision in this state in which elections are 718
conducted. 719
(26)(19) "Member of the Merchant Marine" means an 720
individual, other than a member of a uniformed service or an 721
individual employed, enrolled, or maintained on the Great Lakes 722
for the inland waterways, who is: 723
(a) Employed as an officer or crew member of a vessel 724
documented under the laws of the United States, a vessel owned 725

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by the United States, or a vessel of foreign-flag registry under 726
charter to or control of the United States; or 727
(b) Enrolled with the United States for employment or 728
training for employment, or maintained by the United States for 729
emergency relief service, as an officer or crew member of such 730
vessel. 731
(27) "Method of election" means the method by which 732
candidates are elected to a governmental body of a local 733
government and includes any at-large, district-based, share-734
based, or other method of election, as well as any districting 735
or redistricting plan used to elect candidates to the 736
governmental body. Methods of election include: 737
(a) "At-large method of election" means a method of 738
election in which candidates are voted on by all voters in the 739
local government's jurisdiction, voters are allowed or required 740
to cast as many votes as there are seats to fill, and voters may 741
not cast more than one vote for a given candidate. 742
(b) "District-based method of election" means a method of 743
election in which the local government is divided into 744
districts, each district is represented by a single 745
representative, and a candidate is voted on only by voters 746
residing in his or her district. 747
(c) "Other method of election" means a method of election 748
other than an at-large, district-based, or share-based method of 749
election, or any combination of methods of election. 750

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(d) "Share-based method of election" means a method of 751
election in which more than one candidate is to be elected and 752
different groups of voters may each elect their preferred 753
candidates to the seats to fill based on their relative share of 754
the votes cast. Share-based methods of election include, but are 755
not limited to, the single transferable vote, cumulative voting, 756
limited voting, and party-list or state-list systems. 757
(28)(20) "Minor political party" is any group as specified 758
in s. 103.095 which on January 1 preceding a primary election 759
does not have registered as members 5 percent of the total 760
registered electors of the state. 761
(29)(21) "Newspaper of general circulation" means a 762
newspaper printed in the language most commonly spoken in the 763
area within which it circulates and which is readily available 764
for purchase by all inhabitants in the area of circulation, but 765
does not include a newspaper intended primarily for members of a 766
particular professional or occupational group, a newspaper the 767
primary function of which is to carry legal notices, or a 768
newspaper that is given away primarily to distribute 769
advertising. 770
(30)(22) "Nominal value" means having a retail value of 771
$10 or less. 772
(31)(23) "Nonpartisan office" means an office for which a 773
candidate is prohibited from campaigning or qualifying for 774
election or retention in office based on party affiliation. 775

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(32)(24) "Office that serves persons with disabilities" 776
means any state office that takes applications either in person 777
or over the telephone from persons with disabilities for any 778
program, service, or benefit primarily related to their 779
disabilities. 780
(33) "Organization" means a person other than an 781
individual. 782
(34)(25) "Overseas voter" means: 783
(a) An absent uniformed services voter who, by reason of 784
active duty or service, is absent from the United States on the 785
date of the election involved; 786
(b) A person who resides outside the United States and is 787
qualified to vote in the last place in which the person was 788
domiciled before leaving the United States; or 789
(c) A person who resides outside the United States and, 790
but for such residence, would be qualified to vote in the last 791
place in which the person was domiciled before leaving the 792
United States. 793
(35)(26) "Overvote" means that the elector marks or 794
designates more names than there are persons to be elected to an 795
office or designates more than one answer to a ballot question, 796
and the tabulator records no vote for the office or question. 797
(36)(27) "Persons with disabilities" means individuals who 798
have a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits 799
one or more major life activities. 800

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(37)(28) "Petition circulator" means an entity or 801
individual who collects signatures for the purpose of qualifying 802
a proposed constitutional amendment for ballot placement. The 803
term does not include a person who collects, delivers, or 804
otherwise physically possesses no more than 25 signed petition 805
forms in addition to his or her own signed petition form or a 806
signed petition form belonging to the person's spouse, or the 807
parent, child, grandparent, grandchild, or sibling of the person 808
or the person's spouse. 809
(38)(29) "Polling place" is the building which contains 810
the polling room where ballots are cast. 811
(39)(30) "Polling room" means the actual room in which 812
ballots are cast on election day and during early voting. 813
(40)(31) "Primary election" means an election held 814
preceding the general election for the purpose of nominating a 815
party nominee to be voted for in the general election to fill a 816
national, state, county, or district office. 817
(41) "Protected class" means a class of citizens who are 818
members of a race, color, or language minority group, as defined 819
in this subsection or under the federal Voting Rights Act, as 820
amended, provided that any subsequent amendment applies only to 821
the extent that it affords greater protection. 822
(a) For the purposes of this subsection, the term 823
"language minority group" means a group based on the best 824
available data that may include information from the United 825

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States Census Bureau American Community Survey or data of 826
comparable quality collected by a governmental entity: 827
1. Of more than 2 percent, but no fewer than 200 citizens 828
of voting age in a jurisdiction who speak a language other than 829
English and are limited English proficient individuals; or 830
2. Of more than 4,000 citizens of voting age in a 831
jurisdiction who speak a language other than English and are 832
limited English proficient individuals. 833
(b) An eligible citizen may not be denied or abridged the 834
right to vote. Any election standard, practice, or procedure may 835
not be applied in a manner that discriminates against, or has 836
the effect of diminishing the ability of, any member of a 837
protected class to participate equally in the political process. 838
(42)(32) "Provisional ballot" means a conditional ballot, 839
the validity of which is determined by the canvassing board. 840
(43)(33) "Public assistance" means assistance provided 841
through the food assistance program under the federal 842
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program; the Medicaid program; 843
the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and 844
Children; and the Temporary Cash Assistance Program. 845
(44)(34) "Public office" means any federal, state, county, 846
municipal, school, or other district office or position which is 847
filled by vote of the electors. 848
(45)(35) "Qualifying educational institution" means any 849
public or private educational institution receiving state 850

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financial assistance which has, as its primary mission, the 851
provision of education or training to students who are at least 852
18 years of age, provided such institution has more than 200 853
students enrolled in classes with the institution and provided 854
that the recognized student government organization has 855
requested this designation in writing and has filed the request 856
with the office of the supervisor of elections in the county in 857
which the institution is located. 858
(46) "Racially polarized voting" means voting in which the 859
candidate or electoral choice preferred by protected class 860
members diverges from the candidate or electoral choice 861
preferred by voters who are not protected class members. 862
(47)(36) "Special election" is a special election called 863
for the purpose of voting on a party nominee to fill a vacancy 864
in the national, state, county, or district office. 865
(48)(37) "Special primary election" is a special 866
nomination election designated by the Governor, called for the 867
purpose of nominating a party nominee to be voted on in a 868
general or special election. 869
(49)(38) "Supervisor" means the supervisor of elections. 870
(50)(39) "Tactile input device" means a device that 871
provides information to a voting system by means of a voter 872
touching the device, such as a keyboard, and that complies with 873
the requirements of s. 101.56062(1)(k) and (l). 874
(51)(40) "Third-party registration organization" means any 875

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person, entity, or organization soliciting or collecting voter 876
registration applications. A third-party voter registration 877
organization does not include: 878
(a) A person who seeks only to register to vote or collect 879
voter registration applications from that person's spouse, 880
child, or parent; or 881
(b) A person engaged in registering to vote or collecting 882
voter registration applications as an employee or agent of the 883
division, supervisor of elections, Department of Highway Safety 884
and Motor Vehicles, or a voter registration agency. 885
(52)(41) "Undervote" means that the elector does not 886
properly designate any choice for an office or ballot question, 887
and the tabulator records no vote for the office or question. 888
(53)(42) "Uniformed services" means the Army, Navy, Air 889
Force, Marine Corps, Space Force, and Coast Guard, the 890
commissioned corps of the Public Health Service, and the 891
commissioned corps of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 892
Administration. 893
(54) "Vote" or "voting" includes any action necessary to 894
cast a ballot and make such ballot effective in any election or 895
primary election, which actions include, but are not limited to, 896
registering to vote, requesting a vote-by-mail ballot, and any 897
other action required by law as a prerequisite to casting a 898
ballot and having such ballot counted, canvassed, or certified 899
properly and included in the appropriate totals of votes cast 900

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with respect to candidates for election or nomination and to 901
referendum questions. 902
(55)(43) "Voter interface device" means any device that 903
communicates voting instructions and ballot information to a 904
voter and allows the voter to select and vote for candidates and 905
issues. A voter interface device may not be used to tabulate 906
votes. Any vote tabulation must be based upon a subsequent scan 907
of the marked marksense ballot or the voter-verifiable paper 908
output after the voter interface device process has been 909
completed. 910
(56)(44) "Voter registration agency" means any office that 911
provides public assistance, any office that serves persons with 912
disabilities, any center for independent living, or any public 913
library. 914
(57)(45) "Voter registration official" means any 915
supervisor of elections or individual authorized by the 916
Secretary of State to accept voter registration applications and 917
execute updates to the statewide voter registration system. 918
(58)(46) "Voting booth" or "booth" means that booth or 919
enclosure wherein an elector casts his or her ballot for 920
tabulation by an electronic or electromechanical device. 921
(59)(47) "Voting system" means a method of casting and 922
processing votes that functions wholly or partly by use of 923
electromechanical or electronic apparatus or by use of marksense 924
ballots and includes, but is not limited to, the procedures for 925

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casting and processing votes and the programs, operating 926
manuals, supplies, printouts, and other software necessary for 927
the system's operation. 928
929
Terms used in this code which are not defined in this section 930
but are used in the federal Voting Rights Act and interpreted in 931
relevant case law, including, but not limited to, "political 932
process" and "prerequisite to voting," must be construed in a 933
manner consistent with such usage and interpretation. 934
Section 4. Section 97.022, Florida Statutes, is repealed. 935
Section 5. Section 97.0291, Florida Statutes, is repealed. 936
Section 6. Section 97.0556, Florida Statutes, is created 937
to read: 938
97.0556 Same-day voter registration.—A person who meets 939
the qualifications specified in s. 97.041 to register to vote 940
for the early voting period, or at his or her polling place on 941
election day, and who provides the information required under s. 942
97.052 for the uniform statewide voter registration application, 943
may register at an early voting site or at his or her polling 944
place and immediately thereafter cast a ballot. 945
Section 7. Section 97.057, Florida Statutes, is amended to 946
read: 947
97.057 Voter registration by the Department of Highway 948
Safety and Motor Vehicles.— 949
(1)(a) Each of the following serves as an application The 950

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Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles shall provide 951
the opportunity to preregister to vote, register to vote, or to 952
update a voter registration record when submitted to the 953
Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles to each 954
individual who comes to an office of that department to: 955
1.(a) An application for, or renewal of, Apply for or 956
renew a driver license; 957
2.(b) An application for, or renewal of, Apply for or 958
renew an identification card pursuant to chapter 322; or 959
3.(c) An application for a change of an address on an 960
existing driver license or identification card. 961
(b) Unless the applicant declines to register or 962
preregister to vote, he or she is deemed to have consented to 963
the use of the signature from his or her driver license or 964
identification card application for voter registration purposes. 965
(2) An application for a driver license or an 966
identification card must include a voter registration component. 967
The voter registration component must be approved by the 968
Department of State and must include all of the following: 969
(a) The minimum amount of information necessary to prevent 970
duplicate voter registrations and to preserve the ability of the 971
department and supervisors of elections to assess the 972
eligibility of the applicant and administer voter registration 973
and other provisions of this code. 974
(b) A statement setting forth voter eligibility 975

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requirements. 976
(c) An explanation that the applicant is consenting to the 977
use of his or her signature from the applicant's driver license 978
or identification card application for voter registration 979
purposes. By consenting to the use of his or her signature, the 980
applicant is deemed to have subscribed to the oaths required by 981
s. 3, Art. VI of the State Constitution and s. 97.051 and to 982
have sworn and affirmed that the voter registration information 983
contained in the application is true under penalty for false 984
swearing pursuant to s. 104.011. 985
(d) An option that allows the applicant to choose or 986
update a party affiliation. An applicant who is initially 987
registering to vote and does not exercise such option must be 988
sent a notice by the supervisor of elections in accordance with 989
s. 97.053(5)(b). 990
(e) An option that allows the applicant to decline to 991
register to vote or preregister to vote. The Department of 992
Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles shall note any such 993
declination in its records and forward the declination to the 994
Department of State. A declination may be used only for voter 995
registration purposes and is confidential and exempt from public 996
records requirements as provided in s. 97.0585. 997
(3) The Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles 998
shall: 999
(a) Develop a voter registration component for 1000

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applications which meets the requirements set forth in 1001
subsection (2). 1002
(b) Electronically transmit the voter registration 1003
component of an applicant's driver license or identification 1004
card application to the Department of State within 24 hours 1005
after receipt. Upon receipt of the voter registration component, 1006
the Department of State shall provide the information to the 1007
supervisor of the county in which the applicant is registering 1008
or preregistering to vote or updating his or her voter 1009
registration record. 1010
(2) The Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles 1011
shall: 1012
(a) Notify each individual, orally or in writing, that: 1013
1. Information gathered for the completion of a driver 1014
license or identification card application, renewal, or change 1015
of address can be automatically transferred to a voter 1016
registration application; 1017
2. If additional information and a signature are provided, 1018
the voter registration application will be completed and sent to 1019
the proper election authority; 1020
3. Information provided can also be used to update a voter 1021
registration record, except that party affiliation will not be 1022
changed unless the individual designates a change in party 1023
affiliation and separately consents to such change in writing; 1024
4. All declinations will remain confidential and may be 1025

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used only for voter registration purposes; and 1026
5. The particular driver license office in which the 1027
person applies to register to vote or updates a voter 1028
registration record will remain confidential and may be used 1029
only for voter registration purposes. 1030
(b) Require a driver license examiner to inquire orally 1031
or, if the applicant is hearing impaired, inquire in writing 1032
whether the applicant wishes to register to vote or update a 1033
voter registration record during the completion of a driver 1034
license or identification card application, renewal, or change 1035
of address. 1036
1. If the applicant chooses to register to vote or to 1037
update a voter registration record: 1038
a. All applicable information received by the Department 1039
of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles in the course of filling 1040
out the forms necessary under subsection (1) must be transferred 1041
to a voter registration application. 1042
b. The additional necessary information must be obtained 1043
by the driver license examiner and must not duplicate any 1044
information already obtained while completing the forms required 1045
under subsection (1). 1046
c. A voter registration application with all of the 1047
applicant's voter registration information required to establish 1048
the applicant's eligibility pursuant to s. 97.041 must be 1049
presented to the applicant to review and verify the voter 1050

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registration information received and provide an electronic 1051
signature affirming the accuracy of the information provided. 1052
d. The voter registration application may not be used to 1053
change the party affiliation of the applicant unless the 1054
applicant designates a change in party affiliation and provides 1055
a separate signature consenting to the party affiliation change. 1056
e. After verifying the voter registration information and 1057
providing his or her electronic signature, the applicant must be 1058
provided with a printed receipt that includes such information 1059
and documents any change in party affiliation. 1060
2. If the applicant declines to register to vote, update 1061
the applicant's voter registration record, or change the 1062
applicant's address by either orally declining or by failing to 1063
sign the voter registration application, the Department of 1064
Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles must note such declination on 1065
its records and shall forward the declination to the statewide 1066
voter registration system. 1067
(3) For the purpose of this section, the Department of 1068
Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles, with the approval of the 1069
Department of State, shall prescribe: 1070
(a) A voter registration application that is the same in 1071
content, format, and size as the uniform statewide voter 1072
registration application prescribed under s. 97.052; and 1073
(b) A form that will inform applicants under subsection 1074
(1) of the information contained in paragraph (2)(a). 1075

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(4) The Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles 1076
must electronically transmit completed voter registration 1077
applications within 24 hours after receipt to the statewide 1078
voter registration system. Completed paper voter registration 1079
applications received by the Department of Highway Safety and 1080
Motor Vehicles shall be forwarded within 5 days after receipt to 1081
the supervisor of the county where the office that processed or 1082
received that application is located. 1083
(5) The Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles 1084
must send, with each driver license renewal extension 1085
application authorized pursuant to s. 322.18(8), a uniform 1086
statewide voter registration application, the voter registration 1087
application prescribed under paragraph (3)(a), or a voter 1088
registration application developed especially for the purposes 1089
of this subsection by the Department of Highway Safety and Motor 1090
Vehicles, with the approval of the Department of State, which 1091
must meet the requirements of s. 97.052. 1092
(4)(6) A person providing voter registration services for 1093
a driver license office may not: 1094
(a) Make any change to an applicant's party affiliation 1095
unless the applicant provides a separate signature consenting to 1096
the party affiliation change or discuss or Seek to influence an 1097
applicant's political preference or party registration; 1098
(b) Display any political preference or party allegiance; 1099
(c) Make any statement to an applicant or take any action 1100

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the purpose or effect of which is to discourage the applicant 1101
from registering to vote; or 1102
(d) Disclose any applicant's voter registration 1103
information except as needed for the administration of voter 1104
registration. 1105
(5)(7) The Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles 1106
shall collect data determined necessary by the Department of 1107
State for program evaluation and reporting to the Election 1108
Assistance Commission pursuant to federal law. 1109
(6)(8) The Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles 1110
shall must ensure that all voter registration services provided 1111
by driver license offices are in compliance with all state and 1112
federal laws the Voting Rights Act of 1965. 1113
(7)(9) The Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles 1114
shall retain complete records of voter registration information 1115
received, processed, and submitted to the Department of State 1116
statewide voter registration system by the Department of Highway 1117
Safety and Motor Vehicles. The retention of such These records 1118
is shall be for the explicit purpose of supporting audit and 1119
accounting controls established to ensure accurate and complete 1120
electronic transmission of records between the Department of 1121
State statewide voter registration system and the Department of 1122
Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles. 1123
(8)(10) The Department of State shall provide the 1124
Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles with an 1125

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electronic database of street addresses valid for use as the 1126
address of legal residence as required in s. 97.053(5). The 1127
Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles shall compare 1128
the address provided by the applicant against the database of 1129
valid street addresses. If the address provided by the applicant 1130
does not match a valid street address in the database, the 1131
applicant will be asked to verify the address provided. The 1132
Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles may shall not 1133
reject any application for voter registration for which a valid 1134
match cannot be made. 1135
(9)(11) The Department of Highway Safety and Motor 1136
Vehicles shall enter into an agreement with the Department of 1137
State to match information in the statewide voter registration 1138
system with information in the database of the Department of 1139
Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles to the extent required to 1140
verify the accuracy of the driver license number, Florida 1141
identification number, or last four digits of the social 1142
security number provided on applications for voter registration 1143
as required in s. 97.053. 1144
(10)(12) The Department of Highway Safety and Motor 1145
Vehicles shall enter into an agreement with the Commissioner of 1146
Social Security as required by the Help America Vote Act of 2002 1147
to verify the last four digits of the social security number 1148
provided in applications for voter registration as required in 1149
s. 97.053. 1150

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(11)(13) The Department of Highway Safety and Motor 1151
Vehicles shall must assist the Department of State in regularly 1152
identifying changes in residence address on the driver license 1153
or identification card of a voter. The Department of State shall 1154
must report each such change to the appropriate supervisor of 1155
elections who must change the voter's registration records in 1156
accordance with s. 98.065(4). 1157
(12) The Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles 1158
shall notify the Department of State as soon as practicable, but 1159
no later than 30 days, after any change to a voter's driver 1160
license number or identification card number. The Department of 1161
State shall transmit each such change to the appropriate 1162
supervisor of elections, who shall update the voter's 1163
registration records accordingly and provide notice of the 1164
change to the registrant by mail. Under no circumstances may a 1165
change to a voter's driver license or identification card number 1166
be used as the sole basis to prevent an otherwise eligible 1167
citizen from casting his or her ballot. 1168
(14) The Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles 1169
shall ensure that information technology processes and updates 1170
do not alter an applicant's party affiliation without the 1171
written consent of the applicant. 1172
Section 8. Section 97.0575, Florida Statutes, is amended 1173
to read: 1174
97.0575 Third-party voter registration organizations.— 1175

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(1) Before engaging in any voter registration activities, 1176
a third-party voter registration organization must register and 1177
provide to the division, in an electronic format, the following 1178
information: 1179
(a) The names of the officers of the organization and the 1180
name and permanent address of the organization. 1181
(b) The name and address of the organization's registered 1182
agent in this the state. 1183
(c) The names, permanent addresses, and temporary 1184
addresses, if any, of each registration agent who registers 1185
registering persons to vote in this state for compensation on 1186
behalf of the organization. This paragraph does not apply to 1187
persons who only solicit applications and do not collect or 1188
handle voter registration applications. 1189
(d) Beginning November 6, 2024, the specific general 1190
election cycle for which the third-party voter registration 1191
organization is registering persons to vote. 1192
(e) An affirmation that each person collecting or handling 1193
voter registration applications on behalf of the third-party 1194
voter registration organization has not been convicted of a 1195
felony violation of the Election Code, a felony violation of an 1196
offense specified in s. 825.103, a felony offense specified in 1197
s. 98.0751(2)(b) or (c), or a felony offense specified in 1198
chapter 817, chapter 831, or chapter 837. A third-party voter 1199
registration organization is liable for a fine in the amount of 1200

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$50,000 for each such person who has been convicted of a felony 1201
violation of the Election Code, a felony violation of an offense 1202
specified in s. 825.103, a felony offense specified in s. 1203
98.0751(2)(b) or (c), or a felony offense specified in chapter 1204
817, chapter 831, or chapter 837 who is collecting or handling 1205
voter registration applications on behalf of the third-party 1206
voter registration organization. 1207
(f) An affirmation that each person collecting or handling 1208
voter registration applications on behalf of the third-party 1209
voter registration organization is a citizen of the United 1210
States of America. A third-party voter registration organization 1211
is liable for a fine in the amount of $50,000 for each such 1212
person who is not a citizen and is collecting or handling voter 1213
registration applications on behalf of the third-party voter 1214
registration organization. 1215
(2) Beginning November 6, 2024, the registration of a 1216
third-party voter registration organization automatically 1217
expires at the conclusion of the specific general election cycle 1218
for which the third-party voter registration organization is 1219
registered. 1220
(3) The division or the supervisor of elections shall make 1221
voter registration forms available to third-party voter 1222
registration organizations. All such forms must contain 1223
information identifying the organization to which the forms are 1224
provided. The division shall maintain a database of all third-1225

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party voter registration organizations and the voter 1226
registration forms assigned to the third-party voter 1227
registration organization. Each supervisor of elections shall 1228
provide to the division information on voter registration forms 1229
assigned to and received from third-party voter registration 1230
organizations. The information must be provided in a format and 1231
at times as required by the division by rule. The division shall 1232
update information on third-party voter registrations daily and 1233
make the information publicly available. 1234
(4) A third-party voter registration organization that 1235
collects voter registration applications shall provide a receipt 1236
to an applicant upon accepting possession of his or her 1237
application. The division shall adopt by rule a uniform format 1238
for the receipt by October 1, 2023. The format must include, but 1239
need not be limited to, the name of the applicant, the date the 1240
application is received, the name of the third-party voter 1241
registration organization, the name of the registration agent, 1242
the applicant's political party affiliation, and the county in 1243
which the applicant resides. 1244
(3)(a)(5)(a) A third-party voter registration organization 1245
that collects voter registration applications serves as a 1246
fiduciary to the applicant and shall ensure that any voter 1247
registration application entrusted to the organization, 1248
irrespective of party affiliation, race, ethnicity, or gender, 1249
is promptly delivered to the division or the supervisor of 1250

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elections in the county in which the applicant resides within 14 1251
10 days after the application is completed by the applicant, but 1252
not after registration closes for the next ensuing election. If 1253
a voter registration application collected by any third-party 1254
voter registration organization is not promptly delivered to the 1255
division or supervisor of elections in the county in which the 1256
applicant resides, the third-party voter registration 1257
organization is liable for the following fines: 1258
1. A fine in the amount of $50 per each day late, up to 1259
$2,500, for each application received by the division or the 1260
supervisor of elections in the county in which the applicant 1261
resides more than 14 10 days after the applicant delivered the 1262
completed voter registration application to the third-party 1263
voter registration organization, if the organization or any 1264
person, entity, or agent acting on its behalf acted willfully. A 1265
fine in the amount of $2,500 for each application received if 1266
the third-party voter registration organization or person, 1267
entity, or agency acting on its behalf acted willfully. 1268
2. A fine in the amount of $100 per each day late, up to 1269
$5,000, for each application collected by a third-party voter 1270
registration organization, or any person, entity, or agent 1271
acting on its behalf, before book closing for any given election 1272
for federal or state office and received by the division or the 1273
supervisor of elections in the county in which the applicant 1274
resides after the book-closing deadline for such election. A 1275

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fine in the amount of $5,000 for each application received if 1276
the third-party voter registration organization or any person, 1277
entity, or agency acting on its behalf acted willfully. 1278
3. A fine in the amount of $500 for each application 1279
collected by a third-party voter registration organization, or 1280
any person, entity, or agent acting on its behalf, which is not 1281
submitted to the division or supervisor of elections in the 1282
county in which the applicant resides. A fine in the amount of 1283
$5,000 for any application not submitted if the third-party 1284
voter registration organization or person, entity, or agency 1285
acting on its behalf acted willfully. 1286
1287
The aggregate fine that which may be assessed pursuant to this 1288
paragraph against a third-party voter registration organization, 1289
including affiliate organizations, for violations committed in a 1290
calendar year is $1,000 $250,000. 1291
(b) A showing by the third-party voter registration 1292
organization that the failure to deliver the voter registration 1293
application within the required timeframe is based upon force 1294
majeure or impossibility of performance shall be an affirmative 1295
defense to a violation of this subsection. The secretary may 1296
waive the fines described in this subsection upon a showing that 1297
the failure to deliver the voter registration application 1298
promptly is based upon force majeure or impossibility of 1299
performance. 1300

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(c) All fines collected under this section must be 1301
remitted by the department to the supervisor of elections of the 1302
county in which the violation occurred. The supervisor shall 1303
expend monies collected from such fines exclusively for 1304
nonpartisan voter participation initiatives and voter 1305
registration outreach, including voter education, community 1306
registration drives, and to offset costs associated with the 1307
prepayment of postage on vote-by-mail return envelopes, provided 1308
that all vote-by-mail ballots for the election include prepaid 1309
postage. 1310
(6) If a person collecting voter registration applications 1311
on behalf of a third-party voter registration organization 1312
alters the voter registration application of any other person, 1313
without the other person's knowledge and consent, in violation 1314
of s. 104.012(4) and is subsequently convicted of such offense, 1315
the applicable third-party voter registration organization is 1316
liable for a fine in the amount of $5,000 for each application 1317
altered. 1318
(7) If a person collecting voter registration applications 1319
on behalf of a third-party voter registration organization 1320
copies a voter's application or retains a voter's personal 1321
information, such as the voter's Florida driver license number, 1322
Florida identification card number, social security number, or 1323
signature, for any reason other than to provide such application 1324
or information to the third-party voter registration 1325

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organization in compliance with this section, the person commits 1326
a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 1327
775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. 1328
(4)(8) If the Secretary of State reasonably believes that 1329
a person has committed a violation of this section, the 1330
secretary may refer the matter to the Attorney General for 1331
enforcement. The Attorney General may institute a civil action 1332
for a violation of this section or to prevent a violation of 1333
this section. An action for relief may include a permanent or 1334
temporary injunction, a restraining order, or any other 1335
appropriate order. 1336
(9) The division shall adopt by rule a form to elicit 1337
specific information concerning the facts and circumstances from 1338
a person who claims to have been registered to vote by a third-1339
party voter registration organization but who does not appear as 1340
an active voter on the voter registration rolls. The division 1341
shall also adopt rules to ensure the integrity of the 1342
registration process, including controls to ensure that all 1343
completed forms are promptly delivered to the division or a 1344
supervisor in the county in which the applicant resides. 1345
(5)(10) The date on which an applicant signs a voter 1346
registration application is presumed to be the date on which the 1347
third-party voter registration organization received or 1348
collected the voter registration application. 1349
(11) A third-party voter registration organization may not 1350

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mail or otherwise provide a voter registration application upon 1351
which any information about an applicant has been filled in 1352
before it is provided to the applicant. A third-party voter 1353
registration organization that violates this section is liable 1354
for a fine in the amount of $50 for each such application. 1355
(12) The requirements of this section are retroactive for 1356
any third-party voter registration organization registered with 1357
the department as of July 1, 2023, and must be complied with 1358
within 90 days after the department provides notice to the 1359
third-party voter registration organization of the requirements 1360
contained in this section. Failure of the third-party voter 1361
registration organization to comply with the requirements within 1362
90 days after receipt of the notice shall automatically result 1363
in the cancellation of the third-party voter registration 1364
organization's registration. 1365
Section 9. Part III of chapter 97, Florida Statutes, 1366
consisting of sections 97.21-97.28, Florida Statutes, is created 1367
and entitled "Florida Voting Rights Act." 1368
Section 10. Section 97.21, Florida Statutes, is created to 1369
read: 1370
97.21 Prohibitions on voter suppression and vote 1371
dilution.— 1372
(1) PROHIBITING VOTER SUPPRESSION.— 1373
(a) A local government, state agency, or state official 1374
may not implement, impose, or enforce any election policy or 1375

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practice, or take any other action or fail to take any action, 1376
which results in, will result in, or is intended to result in 1377
any of the following: 1378
1. A material disparity in voter participation, access to 1379
voting opportunities, or the opportunity or ability to 1380
participate in the political process between protected class 1381
members and other members of the electorate. 1382
2. Based on the totality of the circumstances, an 1383
impairment of the equal opportunity or ability of protected 1384
class members to participate in any stage of the political 1385
process. 1386
(b) It is not a violation of paragraph (a) if a local 1387
government, state agency, or state official demonstrates by 1388
clear and convincing evidence that: 1389
1. The election policy or practice is necessary, beyond 1390
consideration of administrative convenience, generalized cost 1391
savings, or speculative concerns, to further significantly an 1392
important and particularized governmental interest; and 1393
2. There is no reasonable alternative election policy or 1394
practice that results in a smaller disparity between protected 1395
class members and other members of the electorate. 1396
(c) Notwithstanding paragraph (b), a violation always 1397
exists under paragraph (a) if: 1398
1. The local government, state agency, or state official 1399
takes action intended to result in a material disparity; or 1400

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2. The material disparity results from: 1401
a. The closure, relocation, or consolidation of, or 1402
failure to provide, one or more polling places, early voting 1403
sites, or secure ballot intake stations; or the reassignment of 1404
voters to precincts or polling places or of precincts to polling 1405
places; 1406
b. The local government's selection of or change to the 1407
time or date of an election; 1408
c. The local government conducting elections on dates that 1409
do not align with federal or state elections; 1410
d. The date the local government selects for a special 1411
election, and there exists an alternate date in a reasonable 1412
timeframe in which the disparity would be materially less 1413
significant; or 1414
e. The failure to schedule a special election as soon as 1415
practicable, but in no event later than 14 days after the 1416
occurrence of the vacancy, if more than 12 months remain in the 1417
term of office and protected class members are generally able to 1418
elect candidates of their choice. 1419
(2) PROHIBITING VOTE DILUTION.— 1420
(a) A local government may not employ an at-large method 1421
of election, a district-based method of election, a share-based 1422
method of election, or any other method of election for any 1423
office which has the effect, will likely have the effect, or is 1424
motivated in part by the intent of diluting the vote of 1425

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protected class members. 1426
(b) To establish a violation under paragraph (a), it must 1427
be established that: 1428
1.a. Elections in the local government exhibit racially 1429
polarized voting resulting in an impairment of the equal 1430
opportunity or ability of protected class members to nominate or 1431
elect candidates of their choice; or 1432
b. Based on the totality of the circumstances, the equal 1433
opportunity or ability of protected class members to nominate or 1434
elect candidates of their choice is impaired; and 1435
2. Another method of election or changes to the existing 1436
method of election which could be constitutionally adopted or 1437
ordered under s. 97.28 would likely mitigate the impairment. For 1438
the purpose of satisfying such requirement, it is not necessary 1439
for the total number or share of protected class members to 1440
exceed any numerical threshold in any district or in the local 1441
government as a whole. 1442
(3) GUIDELINES AND RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES FOR EVALUATING 1443
VOTER SUPPRESSION AND VOTE DILUTION.— 1444
(a)1. To evaluate the totality of circumstances under 1445
subparagraph (1)(a)2. or sub-subparagraph (2)(b)1.b., the 1446
following factors may be relevant: 1447
a. The history of discrimination; 1448
b. The extent to which the protected class members have 1449
been elected to office; 1450

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c. The use of any election policy or practice that may 1451
enhance the dilutive effective of a method of election in the 1452
local government. 1453
d. The extent to which protected class members or 1454
candidates experienced any history of unequal access to 1455
election-administration or campaign finance processes that 1456
determine which candidates will receive access to the ballot or 1457
receive financial or other support in a given election for an 1458
office of the local government; 1459
e. The extent to which protected class members have 1460
historically made expenditures as defined in s. 106.011 at lower 1461
rates than other voters; 1462
f. The extent to which protected class members vote at 1463
lower rates than other voters; 1464
g. The extent to which protected class members are 1465
disadvantaged or otherwise bear the effects of public or private 1466
discrimination in areas that may hinder their ability to 1467
participate effectively in any stage of the political process, 1468
such as education, employment, health, criminal justice, 1469
housing, transportation, land use, or environmental protection; 1470
h. The use of overt or subtle racial appeals in political 1471
campaigns by governmental officials or in connection with the 1472
adoption or maintenance of the election policy or practice; 1473
i. The extent to which candidates face hostility or 1474
barriers while campaigning due to their membership in a 1475

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protected class; 1476
j The lack of responsiveness by elected officials to the 1477
particular needs of protected class members or a community of 1478
protected class members; 1479
k. Whether the election policy or practice was designed to 1480
advance, and does materially advance, a valid and substantial 1481
state interest; and 1482
l. Other factors deemed relevant. 1483
2. A set number or combination of the factors in 1484
subparagraph 1. is not required to determine that a violation 1485
occurred. 1486
3. Evidence of these factors is most probative if it 1487
relates to the local government in which the alleged violation 1488
occurred, but still holds probative value if it relates to the 1489
geographic region in which the local government is located or to 1490
this state. 1491
(b) To determine whether elections in the local government 1492
exhibit racially polarized voting under sub-subparagraph 1493
(2)(b)1.a.: 1494
1. Racially polarized voting must be assessed based on 1495
relevant election results, which may include, but are not 1496
limited to, elections for offices of the local government; 1497
elections held by the local government for other offices, such 1498
as state or federal offices; ballot measures; and other 1499
electoral choices that bear on the rights and privileges of the 1500

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protected class. 1501
a. A set number or combination of elections may not be 1502
required to establish the existence of racially polarized 1503
voting. 1504
b. Evidence of nonpolarized voting in elections for 1505
offices outside the local government may not preclude a finding 1506
of racially polarized voting based on elections for offices of 1507
the local government. 1508
c. Nonstatistical or nonquantitative evidence may not 1509
preclude a finding of racially polarized voting based on 1510
statistical or quantitative evidence. 1511
d. Low turnout or registration rates among protected class 1512
members may not preclude a finding of racially polarized voting. 1513
2. Racially polarized voting may be assessed based only on 1514
the combined electoral preferences of members of a protected 1515
class or classes. There is no requirement that the electoral 1516
preferences of each protected class or any subgroup within a 1517
protected class be separately polarized from those of other 1518
voters. 1519
3. The causes of or reasons for racially polarized voting, 1520
including partisan explanations or discriminatory intent, are 1521
not relevant. 1522
(c)1. If evaluating whether a violation of subsection (1) 1523
or subsection (2) is present, the following circumstances are 1524
never relevant to such a violation: 1525

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a. The total number or share of protected class members on 1526
whom the election policy or practice does not impose a material 1527
burden; 1528
b. The degree to which the election policy or practice has 1529
a long pedigree or was in widespread use at some earlier date; 1530
c. The use of an identical or similar election policy or 1531
practice in other jurisdictions; and 1532
d. The availability of forms of voting unimpacted by the 1533
election policy or practice. 1534
2. A state interest in preventing voter fraud or 1535
bolstering voter confidence in the integrity of elections is not 1536
relevant to an evaluation of whether a violation of subsection 1537
(1) or subsection (2) occurred unless there is substantial 1538
evidence of a number of instances that criminal activity by 1539
individual electors has occurred in the local government and the 1540
connection between the election policy or practice and a state 1541
interest in preventing voter fraud or bolstering voter 1542
confidence in the integrity of elections is supported by 1543
substantial evidence. 1544
3. Evidence concerning the intent of electors, elected 1545
officials, or public officials to discriminate against protected 1546
class members is not required under subsections (1) and (2). 1547
4. Whether protected class members typically elect 1548
candidates of their choice to the governmental body of a local 1549
government in approximate proportion to their total number or 1550

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share of the population may be relevant under subsection (2). 1551
(4) Before filing an action against a local government 1552
pursuant to this section, a prospective plaintiff must send, by 1553
certified mail, return receipt requested, a notification letter 1554
to the local government asserting that the local government may 1555
be in violation of the provisions of this act. Such letter must 1556
be referred to as an "FLVRA notification letter." 1557
(a) Except as noted in paragraph (e), a party may not file 1558
an action against a local government pursuant to this section 1559
earlier than 50 days after sending an FLVRA notification letter 1560
to the local government. 1561
(b) Before receiving an FLVRA notification letter, or not 1562
later than 50 days after any FLVRA notification letter is sent 1563
to a local government, a local government may adopt a resolution 1564
that must be referred to as an "FLVRA resolution" and that does 1565
all of the following: 1566
1. Identifies a potential violation of this section by the 1567
local government. 1568
2. Identifies a specific remedy to the potential 1569
violation. 1570
3. Affirms the local government's intent to enact and 1571
implement the remedy for the potential violation. 1572
4. Sets forth specific measures the local government will 1573
take to enact and implement the remedy. 1574
5. Provides a schedule for the enactment and 1575

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implementation of the remedy. 1576
(c) Except as noted in paragraph (e), a party that has 1577
sent an FLVRA notification letter may not file an action 1578
pursuant to this section earlier than 90 days after the adoption 1579
of an FLVRA resolution. 1580
(d) If the remedy identified in an FLVRA resolution is 1581
barred by state or local law, or a legislative body of a local 1582
government lacks authority under state or local law to enact or 1583
implement a remedy identified in an FLVRA resolution within 90 1584
days after the adoption of such resolution, or if the local 1585
government is a covered jurisdiction under s. 97.25, the local 1586
government may nonetheless enact and implement the remedy 1587
identified in such resolution upon approval of the FLVRA 1588
Commission, which may provide approval only if it finds that the 1589
local government may be in violation of this act, the proposed 1590
remedy would address a potential violation, and implementation 1591
of the proposed remedy is feasible. The approval of a remedy by 1592
the FLVRA Commission does not bar an action to challenge the 1593
remedy. 1594
(e) If, pursuant to this subsection, a local government 1595
enacts or implements a remedy or the FLVRA Commission approves a 1596
proposed remedy, a party that sent an FLVRA notification letter 1597
may submit a claim for reimbursement from the local government 1598
for the costs associated with producing and sending such 1599
notification letter. The party must submit the claim in writing 1600

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and substantiate the claim with financial documentation, 1601
including a detailed invoice for any demography services or 1602
analysis of voting patterns in the local government. If a party 1603
and local government fail to agree to a reimbursement amount, 1604
either the party or local government may file an action for a 1605
declaratory judgment for a clarification of rights. 1606
(f) Notwithstanding this subsection, a party may bring a 1607
cause of action for a violation of this section under any of the 1608
following circumstances: 1609
1. The action is commenced within 1 year after the 1610
adoption of a challenged method of election, ordinance, 1611
resolution, rule, policy, standard, regulation, procedure, or 1612
law. 1613
2. The prospect of obtaining relief under this section 1614
would be futile. 1615
3. Another party has submitted a notification letter under 1616
this subsection alleging a substantially similar violation and 1617
that party is eligible to bring a cause of action under this 1618
subsection. 1619
4. Following the party's submission of an FLVRA 1620
notification letter, the local government has adopted an FLVRA 1621
resolution that identifies a remedy that would not cure the 1622
violation identified in the notification letter. 1623
5. The party is seeking preliminary relief with respect to 1624
an upcoming election in accordance with s. 97.28. 1625

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(g) Any local government that receives an FLVRA 1626
notification letter or adopts an FLVRA resolution must provide a 1627
copy to the FLVRA Commission within 1 day after receipt or 1628
adoption. The FLVRA Commission shall promptly, but not later 1629
than 1 business day after receipt, post all FLVRA notification 1630
letters and FLVRA resolutions on its website. The FLVRA 1631
Commission may adopt rules identifying other materials and 1632
information that must be provided to the FLVRA Commission by 1633
local governments, as well as procedures for transmittal of 1634
materials and information from local governments to the FLVRA 1635
Commission. 1636
(5) A local government may not assert the doctrine of 1637
laches as a defense to claims brought under this section. A 1638
local government may not assert that plaintiffs have failed to 1639
comply with any notice, exhaustion, or other procedural 1640
requirements under state law, other than the requirements in 1641
this section, as a defense to claims brought under this section. 1642
(6) An individual or entity aggrieved by a violation of 1643
this section, the Attorney General, or the FLVRA Commission may 1644
file an action alleging a violation of this section to enforce 1645
compliance with this section. An entity aggrieved by a violation 1646
of this section includes, but is not limited to, any entity 1647
whose membership includes individuals aggrieved by a violation 1648
of this section or whose mission would be frustrated by a 1649
violation of this section, including, but not limited to, an 1650

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entity that would expend or divest resources to fulfill its 1651
mission as a result of such violation or must expend greater 1652
resources or efforts to advocate before an elected body that is 1653
less responsive to the entity or its members due to the alleged 1654
violation. An entity may not be compelled to disclose the 1655
identity of any specific member to pursue a claim on behalf of 1656
its members. This subsection must be liberally construed to 1657
confer standing as broadly as the State Constitution allows. 1658
Such a claim may be filed pursuant to the Florida Rules of Civil 1659
Procedure or in the Second Judicial Circuit of Florida. Members 1660
of two or more protected classes that are politically cohesive 1661
in a local government may jointly file an action. In an action 1662
involving a districting plan, any individual who resides in the 1663
defendant jurisdiction and is a member of the affected class or 1664
classes, whether he or she resides in any particular district, 1665
may challenge the districting plan as a whole. 1666
Section 11. Section 97.22, Florida Statutes, is created to 1667
read: 1668
97.22 Florida Voting Rights Act Commission.— 1669
(1) There is created the Florida Voting Rights Act (FLVRA) 1670
Commission within the Department of State. The FLVRA Commission 1671
is a separate budget entity, as provided in the General 1672
Appropriations Act, and shall prepare and submit a budget 1673
request in accordance with chapter 216. The commission is 1674
responsible for administering the Florida Voting Rights Act. The 1675

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commission shall have its own staff, including management, 1676
research, and enforcement personnel, and is not subject to 1677
control, supervision, or direction by the Department of State. 1678
(2)(a) The FLVRA Commission shall be composed of five 1679
commissioners, each of whom shall serve a staggered 5-year term. 1680
Commissioners must be compensated for their actual time spent on 1681
the commission's business at an hourly rate equivalent to the 1682
rate of an assistant attorney general. 1683
1. A nominating committee shall identify qualified 1684
candidates to serve as commissioners. The nominating committee 1685
shall be composed of nominating organizations that are selected 1686
as follows: 1687
a. Organizations may apply to the Secretary of State to be 1688
certified as organizational nominators for 5-year terms, after 1689
which the organizations may be recertified. The Secretary of 1690
State must certify any organization that applies to be an 1691
organizational nominator if it meets all of the following 1692
qualifications: 1693
(I) Has demonstrated commitment to the purposes of this 1694
act and to securing the voting rights of protected class 1695
members, such as referencing such class members in the 1696
organization's mission statement, involvement in numerous voting 1697
rights cases brought in this state on behalf of members of 1698
protected classes, or advocacy in support of this act. 1699
(II) Is registered as a nonprofit corporation with the 1700

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Secretary of State. 1701
(III) Has been in continuous operation as a nonprofit 1702
organization under s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code or 1703
as a nonprofit corporation registered with the Secretary of 1704
State for at least 10 years. 1705
b. If the Secretary of State fails to timely certify an 1706
organization that satisfies the qualifications specified in sub-1707
subparagraph a. following the organization's application as an 1708
organizational nominator, the organization may file an action 1709
against the Secretary of State for a declaratory judgment 1710
certifying the organization as an organizational nominator. 1711
2. An organizational nominator may be removed for cause by 1712
a majority vote of all fellow nominators. 1713
3. If there are fewer than 16 organizational nominators 1714
certified by the Secretary of State, the nominating committee 1715
must be composed of all such organizational nominators. If there 1716
are 16 or more organizational nominators certified by the 1717
Secretary of State, the nominating committee must be composed of 1718
15 organizational nominators randomly selected from all the 1719
nominators by lot on an annual basis. 1720
4. The nominating committee shall select its own chair to 1721
preside over meetings and votes. 1722
(b) Commissioners shall be selected as follows: 1723
1. The nominating committee shall solicit applications 1724
from individuals to serve on the FLVRA Commission from across 1725

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this state. A commissioner must satisfy all of the following 1726
criteria: 1727
a. Is a resident of this state. 1728
b. Has experience representing or advocating on behalf of 1729
members of protected classes. 1730
c. Has not served in elected office within the preceding 5 1731
years. 1732
d. Is not currently serving in any governmental office or 1733
holding any political party office. 1734
2. The nominating committee shall maintain a qualified 1735
candidate pool composed of 30 candidates to serve on the FLVRA 1736
Commission. Individuals may be added to the qualified applicant 1737
pool only upon a vote of three-fifths of the nominating 1738
committee. 1739
3. All members of the FLVRA Commission must be randomly 1740
selected from the qualified candidate pool. Upon the initial 1741
formation of the FLVRA Commission, five commissioners must be 1742
selected by lot from the qualified candidate pool and randomly 1743
assigned to term lengths of 5 years, 4 years, 3 years, 2 years, 1744
and 1 year. At least 60 days in advance of the conclusion of 1745
each commissioner's term, a new commissioner must be randomly 1746
selected by lot from the qualified candidate pool to serve a 5-1747
year term upon the conclusion of the incumbent commissioner's 1748
term. If a vacancy occurs, a new commissioner must be randomly 1749
selected by lot from the qualified candidate pool within 30 days 1750

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after the vacancy occurring to complete the vacated term. 1751
(3) In any action or investigation to enforce this 1752
section, the FLVRA Commission may subpoena witnesses; administer 1753
oaths; examine individuals under oath; determine material facts; 1754
and compel the production of records, books, papers, contracts, 1755
and other documents in accordance with the Florida Rules of 1756
Civil Procedure. 1757
(4) The FLVRA Commission may hire any staff and make any 1758
expenditure necessary to fulfill its responsibilities. 1759
(5) The FLVRA Commission may adopt rules to administer and 1760
enforce this part. 1761
Section 12. Section 97.23, Florida Statutes, is created to 1762
read: 1763
97.23 Statewide database and institute.— 1764
(1) The FLVRA Commission shall enter into an agreement 1765
with one or more postsecondary educational institutions in this 1766
state to create the Florida Voting and Elections Database and 1767
Institute to maintain and administer a central repository of 1768
elections and voting data available to the public from all local 1769
governments in this state, and to foster, pursue, and sponsor 1770
research on existing laws and best practices in voting and 1771
elections. The parties to that agreement shall enter into a 1772
memorandum of understanding that includes the process for 1773
selecting the director of the database and institute. 1774
(2) The database and institute shall provide a center for 1775

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research, training, and information on voting systems and 1776
election administration. The database and institute may do any 1777
of the following: 1778
(a) Conduct noncredit classes and classes for credit. 1779
(b) Organize interdisciplinary groups of scholars to 1780
research voting and elections in this state. 1781
(c) Conduct seminars involving voting and elections. 1782
(d) Establish a nonpartisan centralized database in order 1783
to collect, archive, and make publicly available, at no cost, 1784
accessible data pertaining to elections, voter registration, and 1785
ballot access in this state. 1786
(e) Assist in the dissemination of election data to the 1787
public. 1788
(f) Publish books and periodicals on voting and elections 1789
in this state. 1790
(g) Provide nonpartisan technical assistance to local 1791
governments, scholars, and the general public seeking to use the 1792
resources of the database and institute. 1793
(3) The database and institute shall make available, and 1794
maintain in an electronic format, all relevant election and 1795
voting data and records for at least the previous 12-year 1796
period. The data, information, and estimates maintained by the 1797
database and institute must be posted online and made available 1798
to the public at no cost. Maps, polling places, and vote-by-mail 1799
ballot secure intake stations must be made available in a 1800

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geospatial file format. The database and institute shall prepare 1801
all estimates made under this section by applying the most 1802
advanced and validated peer-reviewed methodologies available. 1803
Data and records that must be maintained include, but are not 1804
limited to, all of the following: 1805
(a) Estimates of the total population, voting age 1806
population, and citizen voting age population by racial, color, 1807
or language minority group and disability status, broken down by 1808
precinct level on a year-by-year basis, for every local 1809
government in this state, based on data from the United States 1810
Census Bureau or the American Community Survey or data of 1811
comparable quality collected by a public office. 1812
(b) Election results at the precinct level for every 1813
federal, state, and local election held in every local 1814
government in this state. 1815
(c) Contemporaneous voter registration lists, voter 1816
history files, polling places, and vote-by-mail secure ballot 1817
intake stations for every election in every local government in 1818
this state. 1819
(d) Contemporaneous maps or other documentation of the 1820
configuration of precincts. 1821
(e) Lists of polling places, including, but not limited 1822
to, lists of precincts assigned to each polling place, if 1823
applicable. 1824
(f) Adopted district or redistricting plans for every 1825

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election in every local government in this state. 1826
(g) A current record, updated monthly, of persons eligible 1827
to register to vote who have a prior criminal conviction and 1828
whose eligibility has been restored in compliance with s. 1829
98.0751. 1830
(h) Any other data that the director of the database and 1831
institute considers necessary to maintain in furtherance of the 1832
purposes of the database and institute. 1833
(4) All state agencies and local governments shall timely 1834
provide the director of the database and institute with any 1835
information requested by the director. No later than 90 days 1836
after an election, each local government shall transmit to the 1837
database and institute copies of all of the following: 1838
(a) Election results at the precinct level. 1839
(b) Contemporaneous voter registration lists. 1840
(c) Voter history files. 1841
(d) Maps, descriptions, and shapefiles for election 1842
districts. 1843
(e) Lists of polling places, shapefiles, or descriptions 1844
of the precincts assigned to each polling place. 1845
(f) Any other data as requested by the database and 1846
institute. 1847
(5) Any state entity identified by the director of the 1848
database and institute as possessing data, statistics, or other 1849
information required by the database and institute to carry out 1850

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its duties and responsibilities shall provide such data, 1851
statistics, or information annually to the database and 1852
institute at the request of the director. 1853
(6) If a state agency or local government fails to provide 1854
any information to the database and institute as required by 1855
this section, the director of the database and institute, the 1856
Attorney General, or the FLVRA Commission may file an action to 1857
enforce compliance with this section. An entity aggrieved by a 1858
violation of this section includes, but is not limited to, any 1859
entity whose membership includes individuals aggrieved by this 1860
section or whose mission would be frustrated by a violation of 1861
this section, including, but not limited to, an entity that 1862
would expend or divest resources to fulfill its mission as a 1863
result of such violation or must expend greater resources or 1864
efforts to advocate before an elected body that is less 1865
responsive to the entity or its members due to the alleged 1866
violation. An entity may not be compelled to disclose the 1867
identity of any specific member to pursue a claim on behalf of 1868
its members. This section must be liberally construed to confer 1869
standing as broadly as the State Constitution allows. Such claim 1870
may be filed pursuant to the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure or 1871
in the Second Judicial Circuit of Florida. 1872
(7) No later than 90 days after the end of each state 1873
fiscal year, the database and institute shall publish a report 1874
on the priorities and finances of the database and institute. 1875

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(8) The database and institute shall provide nonpartisan 1876
technical assistance to local governments, researchers, and 1877
members of the public seeking to use the resources of the 1878
database. 1879
(9) There is a rebuttable presumption that the data, 1880
estimates, or other information maintained by the database and 1881
institute is valid. 1882
Section 13. Section 97.24, Florida Statutes, is created to 1883
read: 1884
97.24 Language access.— 1885
(1) As used in this section, the term: 1886
(a) "Limited English proficient individual" means an 1887
individual who does not speak English as his or her primary 1888
language and who speaks, reads, or understands the English 1889
language other than "very well" in accordance with United States 1890
Census Bureau data or data of comparable quality collected by a 1891
governmental entity. 1892
(b) "Native American" includes any person recognized by 1893
the United States Census Bureau or the state as "American 1894
Indian." 1895
(2) The FLVRA Commission must designate one or more 1896
languages, other than English, for which assistance in voting 1897
and elections must be provided by a local government if the 1898
commission finds that a significant and substantial need exists 1899
for such assistance. 1900

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(3) Based on the best available data, which may include 1901
information from the United States Census Bureau's American 1902
Community Survey or data of comparable quality collected by a 1903
governmental entity, the FLVRA Commission must find that a 1904
significant and substantial need exists if: 1905
(a) More than 2 percent, but no fewer than 200 citizens of 1906
voting age, of a local government speak a language other than 1907
English and are limited English proficient individuals. 1908
(b) More than 4,000 citizens of voting age of a local 1909
government speak a language other than English and are limited 1910
English proficient individuals. 1911
(4) In the case of a local government that contains any 1912
part of a Native American reservation, if more than 2 percent of 1913
the Native American citizens of voting age within the Native 1914
American reservation are proficient in a language other than 1915
English and are limited English proficient individuals, the 1916
local government must provide materials in such language. 1917
(5)(a) On an annual basis, the FLVRA Commission shall 1918
publish on its website a list of all of the following: 1919
1. Each local government in which assistance in voting and 1920
elections in a language other than English must be provided. 1921
2. Each language in which such assistance must be provided 1922
in each local government. 1923
(b) The FLVRA Commission's determinations under this 1924
section are effective upon publication, and the commission shall 1925

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distribute this information to each affected local government. 1926
(6) Each local government described in paragraph (5)(a) 1927
shall provide assistance in voting and elections, including 1928
related materials, in any language designated by the commission 1929
under paragraph (5)(a) to voters in a local government who are 1930
limited English proficient individuals. 1931
(7) Whenever the FLVRA Commission determines that, 1932
pursuant to this section, language assistance must be provided 1933
by a local government, the local government shall provide 1934
competent assistance in each designated language and provide 1935
related materials in English and in each designated language, 1936
including voter registration or voting notices, forms, 1937
instructions, assistance, ballots, or other materials or 1938
information relating to the electoral process. However, in the 1939
case of a language that is oral or unwritten, including 1940
historically unwritten languages, as may be the case for some 1941
Native American languages, a local government must provide oral 1942
instructions, assistance, or other information on the electoral 1943
process in such language. All materials provided in a designated 1944
language must be of an equal quality to the corresponding 1945
English materials. All provided translations must convey the 1946
intent and essential meaning of the original text or 1947
communication and may not rely solely on automatic translation 1948
services. If available, live translation must be used for 1949
language assistance. 1950

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(8) The FLVRA Commission shall establish a review process 1951
under which the commission determines, upon receipt of a request 1952
submitted under this subsection, whether a significant and 1953
substantial need exists in a local government for a language to 1954
be designated for language access and assistance in voting and 1955
elections if such need has not been found under subsection (3) 1956
or subsection (4). Such process, at a minimum, must include an 1957
opportunity for any voter or entity to submit a request for the 1958
commission to consider designating a language in a local 1959
government; an opportunity for public comment; and a procedure 1960
for determining whether a local government must provide language 1961
assistance. 1962
(9) Any individual or entity aggrieved by a violation of 1963
this section, the Attorney General, or the FLVRA Commission may 1964
file an action alleging a violation of this section. An entity 1965
aggrieved by a violation of this section includes, but is not 1966
limited to, any entity whose membership includes individuals 1967
aggrieved by this section or whose mission would be frustrated 1968
by a violation of this section, including, but not limited to, 1969
an entity that would expend or divest resources to fulfill its 1970
mission as a result of such violation or must expend greater 1971
resources or efforts to advocate before an elected body that is 1972
less responsive to the entity or its members due to the alleged 1973
violation. An entity may not be compelled to disclose the 1974
identity of any specific member to pursue a claim on behalf of 1975

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its members. This section must be liberally construed to confer 1976
standing as broadly as the State Constitution allows. Such a 1977
claim may be filed pursuant to the Florida Rules of Civil 1978
Procedure or in the Second Judicial Circuit of Florida. 1979
Section 14. Section 97.25, Florida Statutes, is created to 1980
read: 1981
97.25 Preclearance.— 1982
(1) The enactment or implementation of a covered policy by 1983
a covered jurisdiction is subject to preclearance by the FLVRA 1984
Commission. 1985
(2) For purposes of this section, a covered policy 1986
includes any new or modified: 1987
(a) Election policy or practice. 1988
(b) Method of election, including districting or 1989
redistricting. 1990
(c) Form of government. 1991
(d) Annexation, incorporation, dissolution, consolidation, 1992
or division of a local government. 1993
(e) Removal of individuals from registry lists or 1994
enrollment lists and other activities concerning any such list, 1995
except where the removal is at the specific written request of 1996
the voter and other activities concerning any such list. 1997
(f) Hours of any early voting site, or location or number 1998
of early voting sites, polling places, or secure ballot intake 1999
stations. 2000

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(g) Assignment of voting precincts to polling places or 2001
secure ballot intake station locations. 2002
(h) Assistance offered to protected class members. 2003
(i) Any additional subject matter the FLVRA Commission may 2004
identify for inclusion in this subsection, pursuant to 2005
commission rule, if the commission determines that any election 2006
policy or practice may have the effect of diminishing the right 2007
to vote of any protected class member or have the effect of 2008
violating this act. 2009
(3) Following each decennial census, if a covered 2010
jurisdiction does not make changes to its method of election, 2011
including, but not limited to, maintaining an at-large method of 2012
election or not making revisions to a district-based method of 2013
election, the method of election must be deemed a covered policy 2014
and must be submitted to the FLVRA Commission pursuant to this 2015
section. 2016
(4) A covered jurisdiction includes any of the following: 2017
(a) A local government that, within the preceding 25 2018
years, has been subject to a court order, government enforcement 2019
action, court-approved consent decree, or other settlement in 2020
which the local government conceded liability, based upon a 2021
violation of this act, the federal Voting Rights Act, the 15th 2022
Amendment to the United States Constitution, a voting-related 2023
violation of the 14th Amendment to the United States 2024
Constitution, or any violation of any other state or federal 2025

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election law, concerning discrimination against members of a 2026
protected class. 2027
(b) A local government that, within the preceding 25 2028
years, has been subject to any court order, government 2029
enforcement action, court-approved consent decree, or any other 2030
settlement in which the local government conceded liability, 2031
based upon a violation of any state or federal civil rights law 2032
or the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution, 2033
concerning discrimination against members of a protected class. 2034
(c) A local government that, during the preceding 3 years, 2035
has failed to comply with its obligation to provide data or 2036
information to the database pursuant to s. 97.23. 2037
(d) A local government that, during the preceding 25 2038
years, was found to have enacted or implemented a covered policy 2039
without obtaining preclearance for that policy pursuant to this 2040
section. 2041
(e) A local government that contains at least 1,000 2042
eligible voters of any protected class, or in which members of 2043
any protected class constitute at least 10 percent of the 2044
eligible voter population of the local government, and in which, 2045
in any year in the preceding 10 years, the percentage of voters 2046
of any protected class in a local government which participated 2047
in any general election for any local government office was at 2048
least 10 percentage points lower than the percentage of all 2049
voters in the local government who participated in such 2050

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election. 2051
(f) A local government that contains at least 1,000 2052
eligible voters of any protected class, or in which members of 2053
any protected class constitute at least 10 percent of the 2054
eligible voter population of the local government, and in which, 2055
in any year in the preceding 10 years, the percentage of 2056
eligible voters of that protected class who were registered to 2057
vote was at least 10 percentage points lower than the percentage 2058
of all eligible voters in the local government who registered to 2059
vote. 2060
(g) A local government that contains at least 1,000 2061
eligible voters of any protected class, or in which members of 2062
any protected class constitute at least 10 percent of the 2063
eligible voter population of the local government, and in which, 2064
in any year in the preceding 10 years, based on data made 2065
available by the United States Census, the dissimilarity index 2066
of such protected class, calculated using census tracts, was in 2067
excess of 50 percent with respect to the race, color, or 2068
language minority group that comprises a plurality within the 2069
local government. 2070
(h) A local government that contains at least 1,000 2071
eligible voters of any protected class, or in which members of 2072
any protected class constitute at least 10 percent of the 2073
eligible voter population of the local government, and in which, 2074
in any year in the preceding 10 years, the poverty rate among 2075

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the population of such protected class exceeded the poverty rate 2076
among the population of the local government as a whole by at 2077
least 10 percentage points. 2078
(i) A county that contains at least 1,000 eligible voters 2079
of any protected class, or in which members of any protected 2080
class constitute at least 10 percent of the eligible voter 2081
population of the county, and in which, in any year in the 2082
preceding 10 years, the arrest rate among members of such 2083
protected class exceeded the arrest rate among the population of 2084
the county as a whole by at least 10 percentage points. 2085
(j) Any school district that contains at least 1,000 2086
eligible voters of any protected class, or in which members of 2087
any protected class constitute at least 10 percent of the 2088
eligible voter population of the school district, and in which, 2089
in any year in the preceding 10 years, the graduation rate of 2090
such protected class was lower than the graduation rate of the 2091
entire district student population by at least 10 percentage 2092
points. 2093
(5) The FLVRA Commission shall determine on an annual 2094
basis which local governments are covered jurisdictions and 2095
publish a list of such jurisdictions on its website. 2096
(6) If a covered jurisdiction seeks preclearance from the 2097
FLVRA Commission for the adoption or implementation of any 2098
covered policy, the covered jurisdiction must submit the covered 2099
policy to the commission in writing and may obtain preclearance 2100

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in accordance with this section. 2101
(a) The FLVRA Commission shall review the covered policy 2102
submitted for preclearance, including any comments submitted by 2103
members of the public, and make a determination to grant or deny 2104
preclearance. The covered jurisdiction bears the burden of proof 2105
in any preclearance determinations. 2106
(b)1. The FLVRA Commission may deny preclearance to a 2107
submitted covered policy only if it determines that: 2108
a. The covered policy is more likely than not to diminish 2109
the opportunity or ability of protected class members to 2110
participate in the political process and elect candidates of 2111
their choice or otherwise influence the outcome of elections; or 2112
b. The covered policy is more likely than not to violate 2113
this act. 2114
2. If the commission denies preclearance, the applicable 2115
covered jurisdiction may not enact or implement the covered 2116
policy. The commission shall provide a written explanation for a 2117
denial. 2118
(c) If the FLVRA Commission grants preclearance to a 2119
covered policy, the covered jurisdiction may immediately enact 2120
or implement the covered policy. A determination by the 2121
commission to grant preclearance is not admissible in, and may 2122
not be considered by, a court in any subsequent action 2123
challenging the covered policy. If the commission fails to deny 2124
or grant preclearance to a submitted covered policy within the 2125

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timeframes set forth in paragraph (d), the covered policy is 2126
deemed to be precleared, and the covered jurisdiction may enact 2127
or implement the covered policy. 2128
(d) If a covered policy concerns the method of election 2129
for a legislative body, districting or redistricting, the number 2130
of seats on the legislative body, or annexation, incorporation, 2131
dissolution, consolidation, or division of a local government, 2132
the FLVRA Commission must review the covered policy, including 2133
any comments submitted by members of the public, and make a 2134
determination to deny or grant preclearance within 60 days after 2135
the submission of the covered policy. The commission may invoke 2136
up to two extensions of 90 days each to make such a 2137
determination. For all other covered policies, the commission 2138
shall review the covered policy, including any public comment, 2139
and make a determination to deny or grant preclearance within 30 2140
days after the submission of the covered policy. The commission 2141
may invoke an extension of 60 days to make such a determination. 2142
(e) A denial of preclearance under this section may be 2143
appealed only by the covered jurisdiction and must be filed in 2144
the Second Judicial Circuit. Other parties may not file an 2145
action to appeal a denial of preclearance or intervene in any 2146
such action brought by the covered jurisdiction. 2147
(7) If a covered jurisdiction enacts or implements any 2148
covered policy without obtaining preclearance for such covered 2149
policy in accordance with this section, any individual or entity 2150

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aggrieved by such violation, the director of the database and 2151
institute, the Attorney General, or the FLVRA Commission may 2152
file an action to enjoin enactment or implementation and seek 2153
sanctions against the covered jurisdiction for violations of 2154
this section. An entity aggrieved by a violation of this section 2155
includes, but is not limited to, any entity whose membership 2156
includes individuals aggrieved by this section or whose mission 2157
would be frustrated by a violation of this section, including, 2158
but not limited to, an entity that would expend or divest 2159
resources to fulfill its mission as a result of such violation 2160
or must expend greater resources or efforts to advocate before 2161
an elected body that is less responsive to the entity or its 2162
members due to the alleged violation. An entity may not be 2163
compelled to disclose the identity of any specific member to 2164
pursue a claim on behalf of its members. This section must be 2165
liberally construed to confer standing as broadly as the State 2166
Constitution allows. Such a claim may be filed pursuant to the 2167
Florida Rules of Civil Procedure or in the Second Judicial 2168
Circuit. A claim under this subsection does not preclude, bar, 2169
or limit in any way any other claims that may be brought 2170
regarding the covered policy, including claims brought under 2171
other sections of this act. 2172
(8) If the FLVRA Commission approves preclearance for a 2173
covered policy in violation of this section, identifies or fails 2174
to identify a list of local governments that are covered 2175

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jurisdictions in violation of this section, or otherwise fails 2176
to properly implement this section, any individual or entity 2177
aggrieved by such a violation may file an action seeking 2178
appropriate relief, including, but not limited to, injunctive 2179
relief on the commission or any other party, as the court deems 2180
necessary to enforce this section. An entity aggrieved by a 2181
violation of this section includes, but is not limited to, any 2182
entity whose membership includes individuals aggrieved by this 2183
section or whose mission would be frustrated by a violation of 2184
this section, including, but not limited to, an entity that 2185
would expend or divest resources to fulfill its mission as a 2186
result of such violation or must expend greater resources or 2187
efforts to advocate before an elected body that is less 2188
responsive to the entity or its members due to the alleged 2189
violation. An entity may not be compelled to disclose the 2190
identity of any specific member to pursue a claim on behalf of 2191
its members. This section must be liberally construed to confer 2192
standing as broadly as the State Constitution allows. Such a 2193
claim may be filed pursuant to the Florida Rules of Civil 2194
Procedure or in the Second Judicial Circuit of Florida. A claim 2195
under this subsection does not preclude, bar, or limit any other 2196
claims that may be brought regarding any covered policy, 2197
including claims brought under other sections of this act. 2198
(9) The FLVRA Commission shall adopt rules to implement 2199
this section, including rules concerning the content of and 2200

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procedure for preclearance submission, procedures for public 2201
comment and transparency regarding preclearance determinations, 2202
and procedures for expedited and emergency preclearance 2203
determinations that deviate from the timelines provided in 2204
paragraph (6)(d), provided that such preclearance determinations 2205
are preliminary. 2206
Section 15. Section 97.26, Florida Statutes, is created to 2207
read: 2208
97.26 Voter intimidation, deception, and obstruction.— 2209
(1) A person may not, whether acting under color of law or 2210
otherwise, engage in acts of intimidation, deception, or 2211
obstruction, or any other tactic that has the effect of or may 2212
reasonably have the effect of interfering with another person's 2213
right to vote. 2214
(2) A violation of subsection (1) includes any of the 2215
following: 2216
(a) The use of force or threats to use force, or the use 2217
of any other conduct to practice intimidation, which causes or 2218
will reasonably have the effect of causing interference with an 2219
individual's right to vote. 2220
(b) Knowingly using or deploying a deceptive or fraudulent 2221
device, contrivance, or communication that causes or will 2222
reasonably have the effect of causing interference with an 2223
individual's right to vote. 2224
(c) The obstruction of, impediment to, or interference 2225

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with access to any early voting site, polling place, secure 2226
ballot intake station, or office of the supervisor of elections 2227
in a manner that causes or will reasonably have the effect of 2228
causing interference with an individual's right to vote or 2229
causing any delay in voting or the voting process. 2230
(3)(a) In any action to enforce this section, there is a 2231
rebuttable presumption that a person has violated this section 2232
if he or she openly carries or brandishes a firearm, an 2233
imitation firearm, a toy gun, a machete, an axe, a sword, or any 2234
weapon as defined in s. 790.001 while: 2235
1. Interacting with or observing any person voting or 2236
attempting to vote; 2237
2. Urging or aiding any person to vote or attempt to vote, 2238
whether as part of official election administration activities 2239
or unofficial activities; or 2240
3. Exercising any power or duty in administering 2241
elections, including, but not limited to, vote counting, 2242
canvassing, or certifying returns. 2243
(b) A law enforcement officer as defined in s. 943.10 2244
acting within the scope of his or her official duties is not 2245
subject to the presumption under paragraph (a), but a court may 2246
nonetheless consider a law enforcement officer's possession of a 2247
firearm in determining whether the officer violated this 2248
section. 2249
(4) Any individual or entity aggrieved by a violation of 2250

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this section, the Attorney General, or the FLVRA Commission may 2251
file a civil action alleging a violation of this section. An 2252
entity aggrieved by a violation of this section includes, but is 2253
not limited to, any entity whose membership includes individuals 2254
aggrieved by this section or whose mission would be frustrated 2255
by a violation of this section, including, but not limited to, 2256
an entity that would expend or divest resources to fulfill its 2257
mission as a result of such violation or must expend greater 2258
resources or efforts to advocate before an elected body that is 2259
less responsive to the entity or its members due to the alleged 2260
violation. An entity may not be compelled to disclose the 2261
identity of any specific member to pursue a claim on behalf of 2262
its members. This section must be liberally construed to confer 2263
standing as broadly as the State Constitution allows. Such a 2264
claim may be filed pursuant to the Florida Rules of Civil 2265
Procedure or in the Second Judicial Circuit. 2266
(5) In addition to any remedies that may be imposed under 2267
s. 97.28, if the court finds a violation of this section, the 2268
court must order appropriate remedies that are tailored to 2269
addressing the violation, including, but not limited to, 2270
providing for additional time for individuals to vote in an 2271
election, a primary, or a referendum and awarding nominal 2272
damages for any violation and compensatory or punitive damages 2273
for any willful violation. 2274
Section 16. Section 97.27, Florida Statutes, is created to 2275

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read: 2276
97.27 Democracy canon.— 2277
(1) Any provision of this code and any regulation, 2278
charter, home rule ordinance, or other enactment of the state or 2279
any local government relating to the right to vote must be 2280
liberally construed in favor of the rights enumerated in 2281
paragraphs (a)-(e), as follows: 2282
(a) Protecting the individual's right to cast a ballot and 2283
make the ballot valid. 2284
(b) Ensuring eligible individuals seeking voter 2285
registration are not impaired in being registered. 2286
(c) Ensuring voters are not impaired in voting, including, 2287
but not limited to, having their votes counted. 2288
(d) Making the fundamental right to vote more accessible 2289
to eligible voters. 2290
(e) Ensuring equitable access for protected class members 2291
to opportunities to be registered to vote and to vote. 2292
(2) It is the policy of the state that courts should 2293
exercise their discretion on any issue, including, but not 2294
limited to, questions of discovery, procedure, admissibility of 2295
evidence, or remedies, in favor of the rights enumerated in 2296
paragraphs (1)(a)-(e) to the extent allowable by law. 2297
Furthermore, it is the policy of the state to promote the free 2298
flow of documents and information concerning the intent of 2299
public officials in actions concerning the right to vote. 2300

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Accordingly, in any action under this act, the federal Voting 2301
Rights Act, or a voting-related claim under the State 2302
Constitution or the United States Constitution, sovereign, 2303
governmental, executive, legislative, or deliberative immunities 2304
and privileges, including any evidentiary privileges, may not be 2305
asserted. However, this section does not apply to any attorney-2306
client or attorney work-product privileges. 2307
Section 17. Section 97.28, Florida Statutes, is created to 2308
read: 2309
97.28 Remedies.— 2310
(1) If a court finds a violation of this act, the court 2311
must order appropriate remedies that are tailored to address 2312
such violation and to ensure protected class members have 2313
equitable opportunities to fully participate in the political 2314
process and that the remedies can be implemented in a manner 2315
that will not unduly disrupt the administration of an ongoing or 2316
imminent election. Appropriate remedies include, but need not be 2317
limited to, any of the following: 2318
(a) Another method of election or changes to the existing 2319
method of election. 2320
(b) Elimination of staggered elections so that all members 2321
of the legislative body are elected at the same time. 2322
(c) Reasonably increasing the size of the legislative 2323
body. 2324
(d) Additional voting days or hours. 2325

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(e) Additional polling places and early voting sites. 2326
(f) Additional opportunities to return ballots. 2327
(g) Holding special elections. 2328
(h) Expanded opportunities for voter registration. 2329
(i) Additional voter education. 2330
(j) The restoration or addition of individuals to registry 2331
lists. 2332
(k) Retaining jurisdiction for such a period of time as 2333
the court deems appropriate. 2334
(2) The court shall consider remedies proposed by any 2335
party to the action or by interested nonparties. The court may 2336
not give deference or priority to a proposed remedy because it 2337
is proposed by the state or local government. 2338
(3) If necessary to remedy a violation of this act, the 2339
court is empowered to require a local government to implement 2340
remedies that are inconsistent with any other law and any 2341
special act, charter or home rule ordinance, or other enactment 2342
of the state or local government. 2343
(4) Notwithstanding the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure 2344
or any other law, the court must grant a temporary injunction 2345
and any other preliminary relief requested under this section 2346
with respect to an upcoming election if the court determines 2347
that the party is more likely than not to succeed on the merits 2348
and that it is possible to implement an appropriate temporary 2349
remedy that would resolve the violation alleged under this 2350

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section before the next general election. 2351
(5) In any action to enforce this act, the court shall 2352
award reasonable attorney fees and litigation costs, including, 2353
but not limited to, expert witness fees and expenses, to the 2354
party that filed an action, other than a state or local 2355
government, and that prevailed in such action. The party that 2356
filed the action is deemed to have prevailed when, as a result 2357
of litigation, the party against whom the action was filed has 2358
yielded some or all of the relief sought in the action. In the 2359
case of a party against whom an action was filed and who 2360
prevailed, the court may not award the party any costs unless 2361
the court finds the action to be frivolous, unreasonable, or 2362
without foundation. 2363
Section 18. Paragraph (b) of subsection (4) of section 2364
98.045, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: 2365
98.045 Administration of voter registration.— 2366
(4) STATEWIDE ELECTRONIC DATABASE OF VALID RESIDENTIAL 2367
STREET ADDRESSES.— 2368
(b) The department shall make the statewide database of 2369
valid street addresses available to the Department of Highway 2370
Safety and Motor Vehicles as provided in s. 97.057(8) s. 2371
97.057(10). The Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles 2372
shall use the database for purposes of validating the legal 2373
residential addresses provided in voter registration 2374
applications received by the Department of Highway Safety and 2375

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Motor Vehicles. 2376
Section 19. Subsections (1) and (2) of section 98.255, 2377
Florida Statutes, are amended to read: 2378
98.255 Voter education programs.— 2379
(1) The Department of State shall adopt rules prescribing 2380
minimum standards for nonpartisan voter education. The standards 2381
shall, at a minimum, address: 2382
(a) Voter registration; 2383
(b) Balloting procedures, by mail and polling place; 2384
(c) Voter rights and responsibilities; 2385
(d) Distribution of sample ballots; and 2386
(e) Public service announcements; and 2387
(f) Plain writing standards consistent with official 2388
federal guidelines for the Plain Writing Act of 2010 and United 2389
States Election Assistance Commission best practices for 2390
designing effective voter education materials. 2391
(2) Each county supervisor shall implement the minimum 2392
voter education standards, and shall conduct additional 2393
nonpartisan education efforts as necessary to ensure that voters 2394
have a working knowledge of the voting process. This includes 2395
providing, to the extent possible, public-facing voter 2396
information in plain language reasonably calculated to be 2397
understood by persons with grade 8 reading level or lower. 2398
Section 20. Paragraphs (e) and (g) of subsection (14) of 2399
section 100.371, Florida Statutes, are amended to read: 2400

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100.371 Initiatives; procedure for placement on ballot.— 2401
(14) 2402
(e) Beginning October 1, 2025, when the signature on the 2403
petition form is verified as valid, the supervisor shall, as 2404
soon as practicable, notify the voter by mail at the mailing 2405
address on file in the Florida Voter Registration System. 2406
1. Such notice must be sent by forwardable mail with a 2407
postage prepaid preaddressed form, which may be returned to the 2408
office of the supervisor of elections Office of Election Crimes 2409
and Security. The notice must include contact information for 2410
the office of the supervisor of elections Office of Election 2411
Crimes and Security, including the telephone number, fax number, 2412
mailing address, and e-mail address. The notice must include all 2413
of the following statements or information in substantially the 2414
following form: 2415
2416
NOTICE 2417
2418
A petition to place a proposed constitutional 2419
amendment on the ballot for the next general election, 2420
bearing your name and signature, has been received and 2421
verified by the Supervisor of Elections Office in 2422
...(insert county).... 2423
2424
The petition is for ...(insert the petition serial 2425

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number and ballot title)... and was signed on 2426
...(insert the date the voter signed the petition).... 2427
2428
Check this box ☐, sign, and return this notice to the 2429
Office of the Supervisor of Elections Office of 2430
Election Crimes and Security if you believe your 2431
signature has been misrepresented or forged on a 2432
petition. The petition form in question will be 2433
invalidated and will not be counted toward the number 2434
of signatures required to place this proposed 2435
constitutional amendment on the ballot. 2436
2437
A notice being returned must be received by the Office 2438
of the Supervisor of Elections Office of Election 2439
Crimes and Security on or before February 1 ...(insert 2440
the year in which the general election is held).... 2441
2442
...(Insert the voter's Florida voter registration 2443
number, and if applicable, the petition circulator's 2444
number).... 2445
2446
By signing below, I swear or affirm that my signature 2447
was misrepresented or forged on the petition form 2448
indicated in this notice. 2449
2450

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...(Voter's Signature)... ...(Date)... 2451
2452
This notice becomes a public record upon receipt by 2453
the Office of the Supervisor of Elections Office of 2454
Election Crimes and Security. It is a second degree 2455
misdemeanor, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, 2456
Florida Statutes, or s. 772.083, Florida Statutes, for 2457
a person to knowingly make a false official statement 2458
pursuant to s. 837.06, Florida Statutes. 2459
2460
2. Upon receiving a completed notice, the office of the 2461
supervisor of elections Office of Election Crimes and Security 2462
shall transmit a copy of such notices to the division. The 2463
division shall deem the voter's petition form invalid. 2464
(g) On the last day of each month, or on the last day of 2465
each week from December 1 of an odd-numbered year through 2466
February 1 of the following year, each supervisor shall post on 2467
his or her website the total number of signatures submitted, the 2468
total number of invalid signatures, the total number of 2469
signatures processed, and the aggregate number of verified valid 2470
signatures and the distribution of such signatures by 2471
congressional district for each proposed amendment proposed by 2472
initiative, along with the following information specific to the 2473
reporting period: the total number of signed petition forms 2474
received, the total number of signatures verified, the 2475

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distribution of verified valid signatures by congressional 2476
district, and the total number of verified petition forms 2477
forwarded to the Secretary of State. For any reporting period in 2478
which the percentage of petition forms deemed invalid by the 2479
supervisor exceeds a total of 25 percent of the petition forms 2480
received by the supervisor for that reporting period, the 2481
supervisor shall notify the department Office of Election Crimes 2482
and Security. The department Office of Election Crimes and 2483
Security shall conduct a preliminary investigation into the 2484
activities of the sponsor, one or more petition circulators, or 2485
a person collecting petition forms on behalf of a sponsor, to 2486
determine whether the invalidated petitions are a result of 2487
fraud or any other violation of this section. As authorized by 2488
s. 97.012(15) ss. 97.012(15) and 97.022(1), the secretary Office 2489
of Elections Crimes and Security may, if warranted, report 2490
findings to the statewide prosecutor or the state attorney for 2491
the judicial circuit in which the alleged violation occurred for 2492
prosecution. 2493
Section 21. Section 100.51, Florida Statutes, is created 2494
to read: 2495
100.51 General Election Day paid holiday.—In order to 2496
encourage civic participation, enable more individuals to serve 2497
as poll workers, and provide additional time for the resolution 2498
of any issue that arises while a voter is casting his or her 2499
ballot, General Election Day shall be a paid holiday. A voter is 2500

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entitled to absent himself or herself from any service or 2501
employment in which he or she is engaged or employed during the 2502
time the polls are open on General Election Day. A voter who 2503
absents himself or herself under this section may not be 2504
penalized in any way, and a deduction may not be made from his 2505
or her usual salary or wages, on account of his or her absence. 2506
Section 22. Section 101.016, Florida Statutes, is created 2507
to read: 2508
101.016 Strategic elections equipment reserve.— 2509
(1) The Division of Elections shall maintain a secure 2510
election equipment reserve that may be deployed in the event of 2511
an emergency as defined in s. 101.732 or in the event of 2512
capacity issues due to unexpected voter turnout. 2513
(2) The reserve, at a minimum, must include ballot marking 2514
devices, scanners, tabulation equipment, ballot-on-demand 2515
printers, paper required for voting machines and printers, 2516
accessible voting equipment, electronic poll books, 2517
uninterrupted power supplies, generators, cabling, and power 2518
cords, and may include other related equipment necessary to 2519
ensure the continuity of elections, consistent with the voting 2520
systems certified for use by each supervisor of elections. 2521
(3) The division may, in lieu of maintaining a physical 2522
reserve of such equipment, contract with one or more certified 2523
vendors of voting systems to provide such equipment on an as-2524
needed basis. Any such contract must include all of the 2525

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following: 2526
(a) A guaranteed delivery timeframe no later than 24 hours 2527
after a request by a supervisor of election, the division, or 2528
the department. 2529
(b) Requirements for the secure transportation, 2530
installation, and removal of equipment. 2531
(c) Maintenance of secure custody and detailed chain-of-2532
custody records for all equipment consistent with s. 101.015 and 2533
related administrative rules, including documentation of each 2534
transfer, installation, removal, and compliance with applicable 2535
state cybersecurity and physical security standards. 2536
(4) No later than February 1, 2027, and annually no later 2537
than February 1 thereafter, the division shall submit a report 2538
to the Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of 2539
the House of Representatives which includes all of the 2540
following: 2541
(a) The current inventory of equipment held in reserve or 2542
available by vendor contract. 2543
(b) A list of all deployments of equipment under this 2544
section during the preceding calendar year, including the reason 2545
for deployment, response time, and associated costs. 2546
(c) Recommendations for improvements to ensure readiness 2547
for future elections. 2548
Section 23. Section 101.019, Florida Statutes, is 2549
repealed. 2550

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Section 24. Subsections (1) and (2) of section 101.048, 2551
Florida Statutes, are amended to read: 2552
101.048 Provisional ballots.— 2553
(1) At all elections, a voter claiming to be properly 2554
registered in this the state and eligible to vote at the 2555
precinct in the election but whose eligibility cannot be 2556
determined, a person whom an election official asserts is not 2557
eligible, including, but not limited to, a person to whom notice 2558
has been sent pursuant to s. 98.075(7), but for whom a final 2559
determination of eligibility has not been made, and other 2560
persons specified in the code is shall be entitled to vote a 2561
provisional ballot at any precinct in the county in which the 2562
voter claims to be registered. Once voted, the provisional 2563
ballot must be placed in a secrecy envelope and thereafter 2564
sealed in a provisional ballot envelope. The provisional ballot 2565
must be deposited in a ballot box. All provisional ballots must 2566
remain sealed in their envelopes for return to the supervisor of 2567
elections. The department shall prescribe the form of the 2568
provisional ballot envelope. A person casting a provisional 2569
ballot has the right to present written evidence supporting his 2570
or her eligibility to vote to the supervisor of elections by not 2571
later than 5 p.m. on the second day following the election. 2572
(2)(a) The county canvassing board shall examine each 2573
Provisional Ballot Voter's Certificate and Affirmation to 2574
determine if the person voting that ballot was entitled to vote 2575

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in the county in which at the precinct where the person cast a 2576
vote in the election and that the person had not otherwise 2577
already cast a ballot in the election. In determining whether a 2578
person casting a provisional ballot is entitled to vote, the 2579
county canvassing board shall review the information provided in 2580
the Voter's Certificate and Affirmation, written evidence 2581
provided by the person pursuant to subsection (1), information 2582
provided in any cure affidavit and accompanying supporting 2583
documentation pursuant to subsection (6), any other evidence 2584
presented by the supervisor, and, in the case of a challenge, 2585
any evidence presented by the challenger. A ballot of a person 2586
casting a provisional ballot must shall be canvassed pursuant to 2587
paragraph (b) unless the canvassing board determines by a 2588
preponderance of the evidence that the person was not entitled 2589
to vote. 2590
(b) If it is determined that the person was registered and 2591
entitled to vote in the county in which at the precinct where 2592
the person cast a vote in the election, the canvassing board 2593
must compare the signature on the Provisional Ballot Voter's 2594
Certificate and Affirmation or the provisional ballot cure 2595
affidavit with the signature on the voter's registration or 2596
precinct register. A provisional ballot may be counted only if: 2597
1. The signature on the voter's certificate or the cure 2598
affidavit matches the elector's signature in the registration 2599
books or the precinct register; however, in the case of a cure 2600

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affidavit, the supporting identification listed in subsection 2601
(6) must also confirm the identity of the elector; or 2602
2. The cure affidavit contains a signature that does not 2603
match the elector's signature in the registration books or the 2604
precinct register, but the elector has submitted a current and 2605
valid Tier 1 form of identification confirming his or her 2606
identity pursuant to subsection (6). 2607
2608
For purposes of this paragraph, any canvassing board finding 2609
that signatures do not match must be by majority vote and beyond 2610
a reasonable doubt. 2611
(c) Any provisional ballot not counted must remain in the 2612
envelope containing the Provisional Ballot Voter's Certificate 2613
and Affirmation, and the envelope must shall be marked "Rejected 2614
as Illegal." 2615
(d) If a provisional ballot is validated following the 2616
submission of a cure affidavit, the supervisor must make a copy 2617
of the affidavit, affix it to a voter registration application, 2618
and immediately process it as a valid request for a signature 2619
update pursuant to s. 98.077. 2620
Section 25. Subsection (1) of section 101.572, Florida 2621
Statutes, is amended to read: 2622
101.572 Public inspection of ballots.— 2623
(1) The official ballots and ballot cards received from 2624
election boards and removed from vote-by-mail ballot mailing 2625

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envelopes and voter certificates on such mailing envelopes shall 2626
be open for public inspection or examination while in the 2627
custody of the supervisor of elections or the county canvassing 2628
board at any reasonable time, under reasonable conditions; 2629
however, no persons other than the supervisor of elections or 2630
his or her employees or the county canvassing board shall handle 2631
any official ballot or ballot card. If the ballots are being 2632
examined prior to the end of the contest period in s. 102.168, 2633
the supervisor of elections shall make a reasonable effort to 2634
notify all candidates whose names appear on such ballots or 2635
ballot cards by telephone or otherwise of the time and place of 2636
the inspection or examination. All such candidates, or their 2637
representatives, shall be allowed to be present during the 2638
inspection or examination. 2639
Section 26. Paragraph (a) of subsection (1) and paragraphs 2640
(c) and (d) of subsection (3) of section 101.62, Florida 2641
Statutes, are amended, and subsection (7) is added to that 2642
section, to read: 2643
101.62 Request for vote-by-mail ballots.— 2644
(1) REQUEST.— 2645
(a) The supervisor shall accept a request for a vote-by-2646
mail ballot only from a voter or, if directly instructed by the 2647
voter, a member of the voter's immediate family or the voter's 2648
legal guardian. A request may be made in person, in writing, by 2649
telephone, or through the supervisor's website. The department 2650

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shall prescribe by rule by October 1, 2023, a uniform statewide 2651
application to make a written request for a vote-by-mail ballot 2652
which includes fields for all information required in this 2653
subsection. One request is deemed sufficient to receive a vote-2654
by-mail ballot for all elections until the voter or the voter's 2655
designee notifies the supervisor that the voter cancels such 2656
request through the end of the calendar year of the next 2657
regularly scheduled general election, unless the voter or the 2658
voter's designee indicates at the time the request is made the 2659
elections within such period for which the voter desires to 2660
receive a vote-by-mail ballot. The supervisor must cancel a 2661
request for a vote-by-mail ballot when any first-class mail or 2662
nonforwardable mail sent by the supervisor to the voter is 2663
returned as undeliverable. If the voter requests a vote-by-mail 2664
ballot thereafter, the voter must provide or confirm his or her 2665
current residential address. 2666
(3) DELIVERY OF VOTE-BY-MAIL BALLOTS.— 2667
(c) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (a) or 2668
paragraph (b), the supervisor shall mail vote-by-mail ballots 2669
within 2 business days after receiving a request for such a 2670
ballot, but no later than the 11th 10th day before election day. 2671
The deadline to submit a request for a ballot to be mailed is 5 2672
p.m. local time on the 12th day before an upcoming election. 2673
(d) Upon a request for a vote-by-mail ballot, the 2674
supervisor shall provide a vote-by-mail ballot to each voter by 2675

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whom a request for that ballot has been made, by one of the 2676
following means: 2677
1. By nonforwardable, return-if-undeliverable mail to the 2678
voter's current mailing address on file with the supervisor or 2679
any other address the voter specifies in the request. The 2680
envelopes must be prominently marked "Do Not Forward." 2681
2. By forwardable mail, e-mail, or facsimile machine 2682
transmission to absent uniformed services voters and overseas 2683
voters. The absent uniformed services voter or overseas voter 2684
may designate in the vote-by-mail ballot request the preferred 2685
method of transmission. If the voter does not designate the 2686
method of transmission, the vote-by-mail ballot must be mailed. 2687
3. By personal delivery to the voter after vote-by-mail 2688
ballots have been mailed and up to 7 p.m. on election day upon 2689
presentation of the identification required in s. 101.043. 2690
4. By delivery to the voter's designee after vote-by-mail 2691
ballots have been mailed and up to 7 p.m. on election day. Any 2692
voter may designate in writing a person to pick up the ballot 2693
for the voter; however, the person designated may not pick up 2694
more than two vote-by-mail ballots per election, other than the 2695
designee's own ballot, except that additional ballots may be 2696
picked up for members of the designee's immediate family. The 2697
designee shall provide to the supervisor the written 2698
authorization by the voter and a picture identification of the 2699
designee and must complete an affidavit. The designee shall 2700

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state in the affidavit that the designee is authorized by the 2701
voter to pick up that ballot and shall indicate if the voter is 2702
a member of the designee's immediate family and, if so, the 2703
relationship. The department shall prescribe the form of the 2704
affidavit. If the supervisor is satisfied that the designee is 2705
authorized to pick up the ballot and that the signature of the 2706
voter on the written authorization matches the signature of the 2707
voter on file, the supervisor must give the ballot to that 2708
designee for delivery to the voter. 2709
5. Except as provided in s. 101.655, the supervisor may 2710
not deliver a vote-by-mail ballot to a voter or a voter's 2711
designee pursuant to subparagraph 3. or subparagraph 4., 2712
respectively, during the mandatory early voting period and up to 2713
7 p.m. on election day, unless there is an emergency, to the 2714
extent that the voter will be unable to go to a designated early 2715
voting site in his or her county or to his or her assigned 2716
polling place on election day. If a vote-by-mail ballot is 2717
delivered, the voter or his or her designee must execute an 2718
affidavit affirming to the facts which allow for delivery of the 2719
vote-by-mail ballot. The department shall adopt a rule providing 2720
for the form of the affidavit. 2721
(7) DEADLINE EXTENSION.—If a deadline under this section 2722
falls on a day when the office of the supervisor is scheduled to 2723
be closed, the deadline must be extended until the next business 2724
day. 2725

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Section 27. Paragraph (a) of subsection (1) and 2726
subsections (2) and (4) of section 101.64, Florida Statutes, are 2727
amended to read: 2728
101.64 Delivery of vote-by-mail ballots; envelopes; form.— 2729
(1)(a) The supervisor shall enclose with each vote-by-mail 2730
ballot two envelopes: a secrecy envelope, into which the absent 2731
voter must elector shall enclose his or her marked ballot; and a 2732
postage prepaid mailing envelope, into which the absent voter 2733
must elector shall then place the secrecy envelope, which must 2734
shall be addressed to the supervisor and also bear on the back 2735
side a certificate in substantially the following form: 2736
2737
Note: Please Read Instructions Carefully Before 2738
Marking Ballot and Completing Voter's Certificate. 2739
VOTER'S CERTIFICATE 2740
I, ...., do solemnly swear or affirm that I am a qualified 2741
and registered voter of .... County, Florida, and that I have 2742
not and will not vote more than one ballot in this election. I 2743
understand that if I commit or attempt to commit any fraud in 2744
connection with voting, vote a fraudulent ballot, or vote more 2745
than once in an election, I can be convicted of a felony of the 2746
third degree and fined up to $5,000 and/or imprisoned for up to 2747
5 years. I also understand that failure to sign this certificate 2748
will invalidate my ballot. 2749
...(Date)... 2750

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...(Voter's Signature or Last Four Digits of Social Security 2751
Number)... 2752
...(E-Mail Address)... ...(Home Telephone Number)... 2753
...(Mobile Telephone Number)... 2754
2755
(2) The certificate must shall be arranged on the back of 2756
the mailing envelope so that the line for the signature or last 2757
four digits of the social security number of the voter are 2758
absent elector is across the seal of the envelope; however, a no 2759
statement may not shall appear on the envelope which indicates 2760
that a signature or the last four digits of the social security 2761
number of the voter must cross the seal of the envelope. The 2762
voter must absent elector shall execute the certificate on the 2763
envelope. 2764
(4) The supervisor shall mark, code, indicate on, or 2765
otherwise track the precinct of the voter absent elector for 2766
each vote-by-mail ballot. 2767
Section 28. Section 101.65, Florida Statutes, is amended 2768
to read: 2769
101.65 Instructions to absent electors.—The supervisor 2770
shall enclose with each vote-by-mail ballot separate printed 2771
instructions in substantially the following form; however, where 2772
the instructions appear in capitalized text, the text of the 2773
printed instructions must be in bold font: 2774
2775

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READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY 2776
BEFORE MARKING BALLOT. 2777
2778
1. VERY IMPORTANT. In order to ensure that your vote-by-2779
mail ballot will be counted, it should be completed and returned 2780
as soon as possible so that it can reach the supervisor of 2781
elections of the county in which your precinct is located no 2782
later than 7 p.m. on the day of the election. However, if you 2783
are an overseas voter casting a ballot in a presidential 2784
preference primary or general election, your vote-by-mail ballot 2785
must be postmarked or dated no later than the date of the 2786
election and received by the supervisor of elections of the 2787
county in which you are registered to vote no later than 10 days 2788
after the date of the election. Note that the later you return 2789
your ballot, the less time you will have to cure any signature 2790
deficiencies, which may cause your ballot not to be counted is 2791
authorized until 5 p.m. on the 2nd day after the election. If 2792
there is a problem with your signature, the supervisor of 2793
elections must notify you as soon as practicable, and you have 2794
until 5 p.m. on the second day after the election to correct it. 2795
2. Mark your ballot in secret as instructed on the ballot. 2796
You must mark your own ballot unless you are unable to do so 2797
because of blindness, disability, or inability to read or write. 2798
3. Mark only the number of candidates or issue choices for 2799
a race as indicated on the ballot. If you are allowed to "Vote 2800

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for One" candidate and you vote for more than one candidate, 2801
your vote in that race will not be counted. 2802
4. Place your marked ballot in the enclosed secrecy 2803
envelope. 2804
5. Insert the secrecy envelope into the enclosed mailing 2805
envelope which is addressed to the supervisor. 2806
6. Seal the mailing envelope and completely fill out the 2807
Voter's Certificate on the back of the mailing envelope. 2808
7. VERY IMPORTANT. In order for your vote-by-mail ballot 2809
to be counted, you must sign your name or print the last four 2810
digits of your social security number on the line above (Voter's 2811
Signature or Last Four Digits of Social Security Number). A 2812
vote-by-mail ballot will be considered illegal and not be 2813
counted if the signature or the last four digits of the social 2814
security number on the voter's certificate do does not match the 2815
signature or social security number on record. The signature on 2816
file at the time the supervisor of elections in the county in 2817
which your precinct is located receives your vote-by-mail ballot 2818
is the signature that will be used to verify your signature on 2819
the voter's certificate. If you need to update your signature 2820
for this election, send your signature update on a voter 2821
registration application to your supervisor of elections so that 2822
it is received before your vote-by-mail ballot is received. 2823
8. VERY IMPORTANT. If you are an overseas voter, you must 2824
include the date you signed the Voter's Certificate or printed 2825

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the last four digits of your social security number on the line 2826
above (Date) or your ballot may not be counted. 2827
9. Mail, deliver, or have delivered the completed mailing 2828
envelope. If mailing, be sure there is sufficient postage if the 2829
mailing envelope is not already postage-paid mailed. THE 2830
COMPLETED MAILING ENVELOPE CAN BE DELIVERED TO THE OFFICE OF THE 2831
SUPERVISOR OF ELECTIONS OF THE COUNTY IN WHICH YOUR PRECINCT IS 2832
LOCATED OR DROPPED OFF AT AN AUTHORIZED SECURE BALLOT INTAKE 2833
STATION, AVAILABLE AT EACH EARLY VOTING LOCATION. 2834
10. FELONY NOTICE. It is a felony under Florida law to 2835
accept any gift, payment, or gratuity in exchange for your vote 2836
for a candidate. It is also a felony under Florida law to vote 2837
in an election using a false identity or false address, or under 2838
any other circumstances making your ballot false or fraudulent. 2839
Section 29. Paragraphs (a) and (b) of subsection (1), 2840
paragraph (c) of subsection (2), and paragraphs (a), (c), and 2841
(d) of subsection (4) of section 101.68, Florida Statutes, are 2842
amended to read: 2843
101.68 Canvassing of vote-by-mail ballot.— 2844
(1)(a) The supervisor of the county where the absent 2845
elector resides shall receive the voted ballot, at which time 2846
the supervisor shall compare the signature or the last four 2847
digits of the social security number of the elector on the 2848
voter's certificate with the signature or the last four digits 2849
of the social security number of the elector in the registration 2850

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books or the precinct register to determine whether the elector 2851
is duly registered in the county and must record on the 2852
elector's registration record that the elector has voted. During 2853
the signature comparison process, the supervisor may not use any 2854
knowledge of the political affiliation of the elector whose 2855
signature is subject to verification. 2856
(b) An elector who dies after casting a vote-by-mail 2857
ballot but on or before election day must shall remain listed in 2858
the registration books until the results have been certified for 2859
the election in which the ballot was cast. The supervisor shall 2860
safely keep the ballot unopened in his or her office until the 2861
county canvassing board canvasses the vote pursuant to 2862
subsection (2). 2863
(2) 2864
(c)1. The canvassing board must, if the supervisor has not 2865
already done so, compare the signature or the last four digits 2866
of the social security number of the elector on the voter's 2867
certificate or on the vote-by-mail ballot cure affidavit as 2868
provided in subsection (4) with the signature or last four 2869
digits of the social security number of the elector in the 2870
registration books or the precinct register to see that the 2871
elector is duly registered in the county and to determine the 2872
validity legality of that vote-by-mail ballot. A vote-by-mail 2873
ballot may only be counted if: 2874
a. The signature or last four digits of the social 2875

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security number on the voter's certificate or the cure affidavit 2876
match matches the elector's signature or last four digits of the 2877
social security number in the registration books or precinct 2878
register; however, in the case of a cure affidavit, the 2879
supporting identification listed in subsection (4) must also 2880
confirm the identity of the elector; or 2881
b. The cure affidavit contains a signature or the last 2882
four digits of a social security number which do that does not 2883
match the elector's signature or last four digits of the social 2884
security number in the registration books or precinct register, 2885
but the elector has submitted a current and valid Tier 1 2886
identification pursuant to subsection (4) which confirms the 2887
identity of the elector. 2888
2889
For purposes of this subparagraph, any canvassing board finding 2890
that an elector's signatures or last four digits of the 2891
elector's social security number do not match must be by 2892
majority vote and beyond a reasonable doubt. 2893
2. The ballot of an elector who casts a vote-by-mail 2894
ballot shall be counted even if the elector dies on or before 2895
election day, as long as, before the death of the voter, the 2896
ballot was postmarked by the United States Postal Service, date-2897
stamped with a verifiable tracking number by a common carrier, 2898
or already in the possession of the supervisor. 2899
3. A vote-by-mail ballot is not considered invalid illegal 2900

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if the signature or last four digits of the social security 2901
number of the elector do does not cross the seal of the mailing 2902
envelope. 2903
4. If any elector or candidate present believes that a 2904
vote-by-mail ballot is illegal due to a defect apparent on the 2905
voter's certificate or the cure affidavit, he or she may, at any 2906
time before the ballot is removed from the envelope, file with 2907
the canvassing board a protest against the canvass of that 2908
ballot, specifying the precinct, the voter's certificate or the 2909
cure affidavit, and the reason he or she believes the ballot to 2910
be illegal. A challenge based upon a defect in the voter's 2911
certificate or cure affidavit may not be accepted after the 2912
ballot has been removed from the mailing envelope. 2913
5. If the canvassing board determines that a ballot is 2914
invalid illegal, a member of the board must, without opening the 2915
envelope, mark across the face of the envelope: "rejected as 2916
invalid illegal." The cure affidavit, if applicable, the 2917
envelope, and the ballot therein must shall be preserved in the 2918
manner that official ballots are preserved. 2919
(4)(a) As soon as practicable, the supervisor shall, on 2920
behalf of the county canvassing board, attempt to notify an 2921
elector who has returned a vote-by-mail ballot that does not 2922
include the elector's signature or last four digits of the 2923
elector's social security number or contains a signature or the 2924
last four digits of a social security number that do does not 2925

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match the elector's signature or last four digits of the 2926
elector's social security number in the registration books or 2927
precinct register by: 2928
1. Notifying the elector of the signature or last four 2929
digits of the social security number deficiency by e-mail and 2930
directing the elector to the cure affidavit and instructions on 2931
the supervisor's website; 2932
2. Notifying the elector of the signature or last four 2933
digits of the social security number deficiency by text message 2934
and directing the elector to the cure affidavit and instructions 2935
on the supervisor's website; or 2936
3. Notifying the elector of the signature or last four 2937
digits of the social security number deficiency by telephone and 2938
directing the elector to the cure affidavit and instructions on 2939
the supervisor's website. 2940
2941
In addition to the notification required under subparagraph 1., 2942
subparagraph 2., or subparagraph 3., the supervisor must notify 2943
the elector of the signature or last four digits of the social 2944
security number deficiency by first-class mail and direct the 2945
elector to the cure affidavit and instructions on the 2946
supervisor's website. Beginning the day before the election, the 2947
supervisor is not required to provide notice of the signature 2948
deficiency by first-class mail, but shall continue to provide 2949
notice as required under subparagraph 1., subparagraph 2., or 2950

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subparagraph 3. 2951
(c) The elector must complete a cure affidavit in 2952
substantially the following form: 2953
2954
VOTE-BY-MAIL BALLOT CURE AFFIDAVIT 2955
2956
I, ...., am a qualified voter in this election and 2957
registered voter of .... County, Florida. I do solemnly swear or 2958
affirm that I requested and returned the vote-by-mail ballot and 2959
that I have not and will not vote more than one ballot in this 2960
election. I understand that if I commit or attempt any fraud in 2961
connection with voting, vote a fraudulent ballot, or vote more 2962
than once in an election, I may be convicted of a felony of the 2963
third degree and fined up to $5,000 and imprisoned for up to 5 2964
years. I understand that my failure to sign this affidavit means 2965
that my vote-by-mail ballot will be invalidated. 2966
2967
...(Voter's Signature or Last Four Digits of Social Security 2968
Number)... 2969
...(Address)... 2970
2971
(d) Instructions must accompany the cure affidavit in 2972
substantially the following form: 2973
2974
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE COMPLETING THE 2975

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AFFIDAVIT. FAILURE TO FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS MAY CAUSE YOUR 2976
BALLOT NOT TO COUNT. 2977
2978
1. In order to ensure that your vote-by-mail ballot will 2979
be counted, your affidavit should be completed and returned as 2980
soon as possible so that it can reach the supervisor of 2981
elections of the county in which your precinct is located no 2982
later than 5 p.m. on the 2nd day after the election. 2983
2. You must sign your name or print the last four digits 2984
of your social security number on the line above (Voter's 2985
Signature or Last Four Digits of Social Security Number). 2986
3. You must make a copy of one of the following forms of 2987
identification: 2988
a. Tier 1 identification.—Current and valid identification 2989
that includes your name and photograph: Florida driver license; 2990
Florida identification card issued by the Department of Highway 2991
Safety and Motor Vehicles; United States passport; debit or 2992
credit card; military identification; student identification; 2993
retirement center identification; neighborhood association 2994
identification; public assistance identification; veteran health 2995
identification card issued by the United States Department of 2996
Veterans Affairs; a Florida license to carry a concealed weapon 2997
or firearm; or an employee identification card issued by any 2998
branch, department, agency, or entity of the Federal Government, 2999
the state, a county, or a municipality; or 3000

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b. Tier 2 identification.—ONLY IF YOU DO NOT HAVE A TIER 1 3001
FORM OF IDENTIFICATION, identification that shows your name and 3002
current residence address: current utility bill, bank statement, 3003
government check, paycheck, or government document (excluding 3004
voter information card). 3005
4. Place the envelope bearing the affidavit into a mailing 3006
envelope addressed to the supervisor. Insert a copy of your 3007
identification in the mailing envelope. Mail (if time permits), 3008
deliver, or have delivered the completed affidavit along with 3009
the copy of your identification to your county supervisor of 3010
elections. Be sure there is sufficient postage if mailed and 3011
that the supervisor's address is correct. Remember, your 3012
information MUST reach your county supervisor of elections no 3013
later than 5 p.m. on the 2nd day after the election, or your 3014
ballot will not count. 3015
5. Alternatively, you may hand deliver, fax, or e-mail 3016
your completed affidavit and a copy of your identification to 3017
the supervisor of elections. If e-mailing, please provide these 3018
documents as attachments. 3019
Section 30. Section 101.69, Florida Statutes, is amended 3020
to read: 3021
101.69 Voting in person; return of vote-by-mail ballot.— 3022
(1) The provisions of this code may shall not be construed 3023
to prohibit any voter elector from voting in person at the 3024
voter's elector's precinct on the day of an election or at an 3025

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early voting site, notwithstanding that the voter elector has 3026
requested a vote-by-mail ballot for that election. A voter An 3027
elector who has returned a voted vote-by-mail ballot to the 3028
supervisor, however, is deemed to have cast his or her ballot 3029
and is not entitled to vote another ballot or to have a 3030
provisional ballot counted by the county canvassing board. A 3031
voter An elector who has received a vote-by-mail ballot and has 3032
not returned the voted ballot to the supervisor, but desires to 3033
vote in person, shall return the ballot, whether voted or not, 3034
to the election board in the voter's elector's precinct or to an 3035
early voting site. The returned ballot must shall be marked 3036
"canceled" by the board and placed with other canceled ballots. 3037
However, if the voter elector does not return the ballot and the 3038
election official: 3039
(a) Confirms that the supervisor has received the voter's 3040
elector's vote-by-mail ballot, the voter may elector shall not 3041
be allowed to vote in person. If the voter elector maintains 3042
that he or she has not returned the vote-by-mail ballot or 3043
remains eligible to vote, the voter must elector shall be 3044
provided a provisional ballot as provided in s. 101.048. 3045
(b) Confirms that the supervisor has not received the 3046
voter's elector's vote-by-mail ballot, the voter must elector 3047
shall be allowed to vote in person as provided in this code. The 3048
voter's elector's vote-by-mail ballot, if subsequently received, 3049
may shall not be counted and must shall remain in the mailing 3050

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envelope, and the envelope must shall be marked "Rejected as 3051
Illegal." 3052
(c) Cannot determine whether the supervisor has received 3053
the voter's elector's vote-by-mail ballot, the voter elector may 3054
vote a provisional ballot as provided in s. 101.048. 3055
(2)(a) The supervisor shall allow a voter an elector who 3056
has received a vote-by-mail ballot to physically return a voted 3057
vote-by-mail ballot to the supervisor by placing the return mail 3058
envelope containing his or her marked ballot in a secure ballot 3059
intake station. Secure ballot intake stations must shall be 3060
placed at the main office of the supervisor, at each permanent 3061
branch office of the supervisor which meets the criteria set 3062
forth in s. 101.657(1)(a) for branch offices used for early 3063
voting and which is open for at least the minimum number of 3064
hours prescribed by s. 98.015(4), and at each early voting site. 3065
Secure ballot intake stations may also be placed at any other 3066
site that would otherwise qualify as an early voting site under 3067
s. 101.657(1). Secure ballot intake stations must be 3068
geographically located so as to provide all voters in the county 3069
with an equal opportunity to cast a ballot, insofar as is 3070
practicable. Except for secure ballot intake stations at an 3071
office of the supervisor, a secure ballot intake station may 3072
only be used during the county's early voting hours of operation 3073
and must be monitored in person by an employee of the 3074
supervisor's office. A secure ballot intake station at an office 3075

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of the supervisor must be continuously monitored in person by an 3076
employee of the supervisor's office when the secure ballot 3077
intake station is accessible for deposit of ballots. 3078
(b) A supervisor shall designate each secure ballot intake 3079
station location at least 30 days before an election. The 3080
supervisor shall provide the address of each secure ballot 3081
intake station location to the division at least 30 days before 3082
an election. After a secure ballot intake station location has 3083
been designated, it may not be moved or changed except as 3084
approved by the division to correct a violation of this 3085
subsection. 3086
(c)1. On each day of early voting, all secure ballot 3087
intake stations must be emptied at the end of early voting hours 3088
and all ballots retrieved from the secure ballot intake stations 3089
must be returned to the supervisor's office. 3090
2. For secure ballot intake stations located at an office 3091
of the supervisor, all ballots must be retrieved before the 3092
secure ballot intake station is no longer monitored by an 3093
employee of the supervisor. 3094
3. Employees of the supervisor must comply with procedures 3095
for the chain of custody of ballots as required by s. 3096
101.015(4). 3097
(3) If any secure ballot intake station is left accessible 3098
for ballot receipt other than as authorized by this section, the 3099
supervisor is subject to a civil penalty of $25,000. The 3100

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division is authorized to enforce this provision. 3101
Section 31. Section 104.0616, Florida Statutes, is 3102
repealed. 3103
Section 32. Subsection (1) of section 104.155, Florida 3104
Statutes, is amended to read: 3105
104.155 Unqualified noncitizen electors willfully voting; 3106
prohibited defenses; aiding or soliciting noncitizen electors in 3107
voting prohibited.— 3108
(1) Any person who is not a qualified elector because he 3109
or she is not a citizen of the United States and who willfully 3110
votes in any election is guilty of a felony of the third degree, 3111
punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. 3112
A person's ignorance of his or her citizenship status or a 3113
person's bona fide belief of his or her citizenship status 3114
cannot be raised as a defense in a prosecution for a violation 3115
of this subsection. 3116
Section 33. Subsection (1) of section 104.42, Florida 3117
Statutes, is amended to read: 3118
104.42 Fraudulent registration and illegal voting; 3119
investigation.— 3120
(1) The supervisor of elections is authorized to 3121
investigate fraudulent registrations and illegal voting and to 3122
report his or her findings to the local state attorney and the 3123
Office of Election Crimes and Security. 3124
Section 34. Paragraph (a) of subsection (3) of section 3125

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921.0022, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: 3126
921.0022 Criminal Punishment Code; offense severity 3127
ranking chart.— 3128
(3) OFFENSE SEVERITY RANKING CHART 3129
(a) LEVEL 1 3130
3131
Florida
Statute
Felony
Degree Description
3132
24.118(3)(a) 3rd Counterfeit or altered
state lottery ticket.
3133
104.0616(2) 3rd Unlawfully distributing,
ordering, requesting,
collecting, delivering, or
possessing vote-by-mail
ballots.
3134
212.054(2)(b) 3rd Discretionary sales surtax;
limitations, administration,
and collection.
3135
212.15(2)(b) 3rd Failure to remit
sales taxes, amount
$1,000 or more but

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less than $20,000.
3136
316.1935(1) 3rd Fleeing or attempting to
elude law enforcement
officer.
3137
319.30(5) 3rd Sell, exchange, give away
certificate of title or
identification number plate.
3138
319.35(1)(a) 3rd Tamper, adjust,
change, etc., an
odometer.
3139
320.26(1)(a) 3rd Counterfeit, manufacture,
or sell registration
license plates or
validation stickers.
3140
322.212
(1)(a)-(c)
3rd Possession of forged, stolen,
counterfeit, or unlawfully issued
driver license; possession of
simulated identification.
3141
322.212(4) 3rd Supply or aid in supplying

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unauthorized driver license or
identification card.
3142
322.212(5)(a) 3rd False application for
driver license or
identification card.
3143
414.39(3)(a) 3rd Fraudulent misappropriation of
public assistance funds by
employee/official, value more
than $200.
3144
443.071(1) 3rd False statement or
representation to obtain or
increase reemployment
assistance benefits.
3145
509.151(1) 3rd Defraud an innkeeper,
food or lodging value
$1,000 or more.
3146
517.302(1) 3rd Violation of the Florida
Securities and Investor
Protection Act.
3147

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713.69 3rd Tenant removes property
upon which lien has
accrued, value $1,000 or
more.
3148
812.014(3)(c) 3rd Petit theft (3rd
conviction); theft of any
property not specified in
subsection (2).
3149
815.04(4)(a) 3rd Offense against
intellectual property
(i.e., computer programs,
data).
3150
817.52(2) 3rd Hiring with intent to
defraud, motor vehicle
services.
3151
817.569(2) 3rd Use of public record or
public records information
or providing false
information to facilitate
commission of a felony.
3152

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826.01 3rd Bigamy.
3153
828.122(3) 3rd Fighting or baiting
animals.
3154
831.04(1) 3rd Any erasure, alteration,
etc., of any replacement
deed, map, plat, or other
document listed in s. 92.28.
3155
831.31(1)(a) 3rd Sell, deliver, or possess
counterfeit controlled
substances, all but s.
893.03(5) drugs.
3156
832.041(1) 3rd Stopping payment with
intent to defraud $150
or more.
3157
832.05(2)(b) &
(4)(c)
3rd Knowing, making,
issuing worthless
checks $150 or more or
obtaining property in
return for worthless
check $150 or more.

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3158
838.15(2) 3rd Commercial bribe
receiving.
3159
838.16 3rd Commercial bribery.
3160
843.18 3rd Fleeing by boat to elude a law
enforcement officer.
3161
847.011(1)(a) 3rd Sell, distribute, etc.,
obscene, lewd, etc.,
material (2nd
conviction).
3162
849.09(1)(a)-(d) 3rd Lottery; set up,
promote, etc., or
assist therein,
conduct or advertise
drawing for prizes,
or dispose of
property or money by
means of lottery.
3163
849.23 3rd Gambling-related machines;
"common offender" as to

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property rights.
3164
849.25(2) 3rd Engaging in bookmaking.
3165
860.08 3rd Interfere with a railroad
signal.
3166
860.13(1)(a) 3rd Operate aircraft while
under the influence.
3167
893.13(2)(a)2. 3rd Purchase of
cannabis.
3168
893.13(6)(a) 3rd Possession of cannabis
(more than 20 grams).
3169
934.03(1)(a) 3rd Intercepts, or procures any
other person to intercept,
any wire or oral
communication.
3170
Section 35. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this 3171
act and except for this section, which shall take effect upon 3172
this act becoming a law, this act shall take effect July 1, 3173
2026. 3174