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SB0188 • 2026

Medical Examiners’ Duties

Medical Examiners’ Duties

Children Healthcare
Passed Legislature

This bill passed both chambers and reached final enrollment, even if later executive action is not shown here.

Sponsor
Garcia
Last action
2026-03-13
Official status
Senate - Died in Health Policy
Effective date
2026-07-01

Plain English Breakdown

The bill summary and digest do not specify the exact penalties beyond mentioning fines and disciplinary actions, leaving some uncertainty about enforcement specifics.

Medical Examiners’ Duties for Sudden Deaths

This bill requires medical examiners to perform specific autopsies and report certain sudden deaths of infants or young individuals under 20 years old to a national registry.

What This Bill Does

  • Defines terms related to sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) and sudden death in the young (SDY).
  • Requires medical examiners to include detailed information, including immunizations and emergency countermeasures, in autopsy reports for cases involving sudden, unexplained deaths of infants or children under 20 years old.
  • Requires medical examiners to report these cases to a national registry within 30 days after completing the autopsy report if the individual was younger than 20 years old at the time of death.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Medical examiners in Florida
  • Infants, children, and young individuals under 20 years old

Terms To Know

Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome (SADS)
A sudden death due to cardiac arrhythmia of a young person with no previously diagnosed heart disease.
Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID)
The unexpected death of an infant under 1 year old, whether explained or unexplained.

Limits and Unknowns

  • This bill only affects medical examiners in Florida.
  • It does not specify how the penalties will be enforced beyond the initial fines and disciplinary actions.

Bill History

  1. 2026-03-13 Senate

    • Died in Health Policy

  2. 2026-01-13 Senate

    • Introduced

  3. 2025-11-03 Senate

    • Referred to Health Policy; Appropriations Committee on Health and Human Services; Fiscal Policy

  4. 2025-10-14 Senate

    • Filed

Official Summary Text

Medical Examiners’ Duties; Specifying autopsy requirements for certain cases involving sudden and unexpected deaths; requiring medical examiners to report specified cases to the national Sudden Unexpected Infant Death and Sudden Death in the Young Case Registry in accordance with protocols established by the Department of Health and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; requiring the department to impose certain administrative penalties against medical examiners for failure to report such cases in a specified timeframe, etc.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
Florida Senate
-
2026

SB 188

By
Senator Garcia

36-00570-26 2026188__
1 A bill to be entitled
2 An act relating to medical examiners’ duties; amending
3 s. 406.11, F.S.; defining terms; specifying autopsy
4 requirements for certain cases involving sudden and
5 unexpected deaths; requiring medical examiners to
6 document certain information in the autopsy reports
7 for such cases; requiring medical examiners to report
8 specified cases to the national Sudden Unexpected
9 Infant Death and Sudden Death in the Young Case
10 Registry in accordance with protocols established by
11 the Department of Health and the United States Centers
12 for Disease Control and Prevention; requiring the
13 department to impose certain administrative penalties
14 against medical examiners for failure to report such
15 cases in a specified timeframe; providing that
16 compliance with specified provisions is deemed a
17 permissible disclosure for purposes of state and
18 federal medical privacy laws; providing an effective
19 date.
20
21 WHEREAS, the United States Centers for Disease Control and
22 Prevention operates the Sudden Unexpected Infant Death and
23 Sudden Death in the Young Case Registry, a national surveillance
24 program coordinated with the National Institutes of Health to
25 establish a valuable repository of information for researchers
26 studying the characteristics of sudden deaths in young
27 individuals, and
28 WHEREAS, district medical examiners in this state are
29 currently not required to report to the registry, resulting in
30 inconsistent data collection, and
31 WHEREAS, uniform reporting and the inclusion of relevant
32 medical information, including recent immunizations and
33 emergency countermeasures, are essential to strengthen public
34 health research, identify risk factors, and improve prevention
35 strategies, NOW, THEREFORE,
36
37 Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
38
39 Section 1. Subsection (3) is added to section 406.11,
40 Florida Statutes, to read:
41 406.11 Examinations, investigations, and autopsies.—
42
(3)(a)

As used in this subsection, the term:

43
1.

“Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome(SADS)” means
the

44
sudden
and unexpected death
due to cardiac arrhythmia, as

45
determined by performance of an autopsy or a clinical

46
investigation,
of
a young, apparently healthy individual with no

47
previously diagnosed structural heart disease
.

48
2.

“Sudden Death in the Young (SDY)” means the sudden and

49
unexpected death of an individual younger than 20 years of age

50
due to natural causes, including, but not limited to, sudden

51
cardiac death or sudden unexpected death in epilepsy, which

52
death
remains unexplained after initial investigation.

53
3.

“Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)” means the sudden

54
death of an infant younger than 1 year of age which remains

55
unexplained after a thorough case investigation, including

56
performance of an autopsy, scene investigations, and a review of

57
clinical history.

58
4
.

“Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID)” means the sudden

59
and unexpected death of an infant younger than 1 year of age,

60
whether explained or unexplained, including, but not limited to,

61
death caused by SIDS, accidental suffocation, and other

62
potential causes.

63
5.

“Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID) and Sudden Death

64
in the Young (SDY) Case Registry” means the national

65
surveillance system coordinated by the Centers for Disease

66
Control and Prevention and the National Institutes of Health

67
which collects standardized data on sudden and unexpected deaths

68
in individuals younger than 20 years of age.

69
(b)

In the case of an infant or child who dies suddenly and

70
unexpectedly, including cases of SIDS, SUID, or SDY, the autopsy

71
must include microscopic and toxicology studies and a review of

72
the child’s immunization and medical records, as available

73
through the
state’s immunization registry established pursuant

74
to s. 381.003,
from the child’s pediatrician or primary care

75
practitioner, or from other sources. The medical examiner shall

76
document in the autopsy report any immunizations or emergency

77
countermeasures administered
to the child
within 90 days before

78
the
child’s
death and report the case to the
SUID and
SDY Case

79
Registry in accordance with protocols established by the

80
Department of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and

81
Prevention.

82
(c)

In the case of a sudden death suspected to be caused by

83
SADS in an individual of any age, the autopsy must include

84
microscopic and toxicology studies and a review of the

85
individual’s immunization and medical records, as available

86
through state health databases or other sources. The medical

87
examiner shall document in the autopsy report any immunizations

88
or emergency countermeasures administered
to the individual

89
within 90 days before
his or her
death and report the case to

90
the
SUID and
SDY Case Registry if the individual
was
younger

91
than 20 years of age
at the time of death
, in accordance with

92
protocols established by the Department of Health and the

93
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
.

94
(d)

The Department of Health shall impose the following

95
administrative penalties against a district medical examiner who

96
fails to report a case of SIDS, SUID, SDY, or SADS, for

97
individuals younger than 20 years of age, to the
SUID and
SDY

98
Case Registry within 30 days after completing the autopsy

99
report:

100
1.

For the first unreported case, a fine of up to $1,000.

101
2.

For the second unreported case, a fine of up to $5,000.

102
3.

For repeated noncompliance, referral to the Medical

103
Examiners Commission for disciplinary action, which may include

104
suspension or
removal
pursuant to s. 406.0
75
.

105
(e)

Compliance with the reporting and documentation

106
requirements of this section is deemed a permissible disclosure

107
under
state and federal
medical privacy laws, including the

108
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996.

109 Section 2. This act shall take effect July 1, 2026.