SURVEILLANCE-BASED WAGES

Illinois General Assembly - Full Text of HB4987

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HB4987 - 104th General Assembly

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104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY
State of Illinois
2025 and 2026
HB4987

Introduced , by Rep. Nabeela Syed

SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:

New Act

Creates the Surveillance-Based Wage Discrimination Act. Provides that
a person shall not use surveillance data as part of an automated decision
system to inform the individualized wage paid to an employee. Sets forth
exemptions to the provisions. Provides that the Attorney General shall
enforce the Act. Sets forth provisions concerning private rights of action
and penalties for violations.
LRB104 17758 SPS 31190 b

A BILL FOR

HB4987
LRB104 17758 SPS 31190 b
1

AN ACT concerning business.

2

Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,
3
represented in the General Assembly:

4

Section 1.
Short title.
This Act may be cited as the
5
Surveillance-Based Wage Discrimination Act.

6

Section 5.
Definitions.
As used in this Act:
7

"Automated decision system" means any system, software, or
8
process, including one derived from machine learning,
9
statistics, or other data processing or artificial
10
intelligence techniques and excluding passive computing
11
infrastructure, that uses computation, the result of which is
12
used to assist or replace human decision-making.
13

"Behaviors" mean an individual's observable, measurable,
14
or inferred actions, habits, preferences, interests, or
15
vulnerabilities, including an individual's political,
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personal, or professional affiliations, web browsing history,
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purchase history, financial circumstances, or consumer
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behaviors.
19

"Biometric information" means data or information
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generated by the technological, processing, measurement, or
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analysis of an employee's biological, physical, or behavioral
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characteristics, that can be used for the purpose of uniquely
23
identifying an individual. "Biometric information" includes

HB4987
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LRB104 17758 SPS 31190 b
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fingerprints, voiceprints, scans or records of an eye retina
2
or iris, facial maps, facial geometry, facial templates,
3
genetic information, or other unique biological, physical, or
4
behavioral patterns or characteristics.
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"Employee" has the meaning set forth in the Illinois Wage
6
Payment and Collection Act.
7

"Genetic information" has the meaning set forth in the
8
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996,
9
as specified in 45 CFR 160.103.
10

"Individualized" means specific to an individual or group,
11
band, class, or tier of individuals with particular personal
12
characteristics, behaviors, or biometric information.
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"Personal characteristics" means individual qualities,
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features, attributes, or traits, including immutable
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characteristics, such as race and eye color, mutable
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characteristics, such as address, weight, citizenship, or
17
parenthood status, and any other personally identifiable
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information that could be used to identify an individual,
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including social security number, name, or phone number.
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"Surveillance data" means data obtained through
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observation, inference, or surveillance of an employee that is
22
related to personal characteristics, behaviors, or biometric
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information of the individual or group, band, class, or tier
24
of individuals of which the individual is a part.
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"Surveillance data" includes information gathered, purchased,
26
or otherwise acquired.

HB4987
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LRB104 17758 SPS 31190 b
1

"Wage" has the meaning set forth in the Illinois Wage
2
Payment and Collection Act.

3

Section 10.
Prohibit surveillance-based wage
4
discrimination.
5

(a) A person shall not use surveillance data as part of an
6
automated decision system to inform the individualized wage
7
paid to an employee. A person does not violate this subsection
8
if the person:
9

(1) offered individualized wages based solely on:
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(A) data specific to the individual employee that
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is directly related to the tasks the employee was
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hired to perform; or
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(B) differences in the cost to the employee of
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providing labor to the person;
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(2) discloses in plain language before hiring an
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employee whose wages are set in whole or in part through
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automated decision-making what data is considered and how
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automated decision-making considers that data; and
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(3) developed and proactively provided to employees
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reasonable procedures to ensure the accuracy of all data
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considered by an automated decision-making system in
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setting wage rates, as determined by rule.
23

(b) This Section shall not apply to a person who makes a
24
decision not to hire an employee that the person has not
25
previously employed.

HB4987
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LRB104 17758 SPS 31190 b
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Section 15.
Enforcement.
The Attorney General shall
2
enforce this Act. A person who violates this Act shall be
3
subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $10,000 for each
4
violation and reasonable attorney's fees. A violation of any
5
provision of this Act shall constitute a separate violation
6
with respect to each employee.

7

Section 20.
Private right of action.
8

(a) A person aggrieved by a violation of this Act may bring
9
a civil action on behalf of themselves or a group of similarly
10
situated persons to restrain further violations and to recover
11
damages, costs, and reasonable attorney's fees, including the
12
greater of:
13

(1) the amount of actual damages sustained;
14

(2) $3,000 for each violation; or
15

(3) 3 times the amount of actual damages sustained, if
16

it is established by clear and convincing evidence that
17

the person who violated this Act engaged in bad faith
18

conduct or intentionally violated this Act.
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(b) A violation of any provision of this Act shall
20
constitute a separate violation with respect to each employee.

21

Section 25.
Relationship with other laws.
Nothing in this
22
Act, including the enforcement authority granted to the
23
Attorney General, preempts or otherwise affects any other

HB4987
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LRB104 17758 SPS 31190 b
1
right, claim, remedy, presumption, or defense available at law
2
or in equity.

3

Section 30.
Rulemaking.
The Attorney General may adopt
4
rules necessary to implement and enforce this Act.

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