ALPHA-GAL SYNDROME REPORTING

Illinois General Assembly - Full Text of HB5127

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104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY
State of Illinois
2025 and 2026
HB5127

Introduced 2/10/2026, by Rep. Dan Swanson

SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:

New Act

Creates the Alpha-Gal Syndrome Reporting Act. Directs the Department
of Public Health to adopt rules to track cases of alpha-gal syndrome within
counties and statewide. Requires medical reporters to report diagnosed
cases of alpha-gal syndrome to the Department. Provides that State
reporting and tracking of cases of alpha-gal syndrome shall be independent
from or concurrent with federal reporting or tracking, and that the
Department has the duty to independently track cases in consultation and
coordination with federal agencies. Directs the Department to adopt rules
requiring a report of alpha-gal syndrome for an alpha-gal immunoglobulin E
level of 0.1 kilounits per liter as a suspected case of alpha-gal syndrome
through an electronic laboratory reporting system. Directs the Department
to follow up on reported suspected cases. Directs the Department to submit
an annual report to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and to
publish the results of the tracking of cases of alpha-gal syndrome on the
Department's website. Makes findings. Defines terms.
LRB104 19510 BDA 32958 b

A BILL FOR

HB5127
LRB104 19510 BDA 32958 b
1

AN ACT concerning health.

2

Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,
3
represented in the General Assembly:

4

Section 1.
Short title.
This Act may be cited as the
5
Alpha-Gal Syndrome Reporting Act.

6

Section 5.
Findings.
The General Assembly finds the
7
following:
8

(1) Alpha-gal syndrome is a vector-borne disease that
9

is caused by tick bites.
10

(2) Alpha-gal syndrome is characterized by the
11

development of immunoglobulin E antibodies to
12

galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal), a carbohydrate
13

found in all mammals except some primates.
14

(3) Individuals with alpha-gal syndrome may experience
15

allergic reactions after being exposed to mammalian meat
16

and other mammal-derived products and products with
17

ingredients derived from mammals, including foods, drugs,
18

and other products. Farmers and ranchers may also react to
19

livestock exposures.
20

(4) Alpha-gal syndrome is an unusually severe allergy
21

that is often life-altering and sometimes fatal.
22

(5) Data previously shared by the Centers for Disease
23

Control and Prevention showed that approximately 90% of

HB5127
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LRB104 19510 BDA 32958 b
1

persons with a positive test result had clinical symptoms
2

consistent with alpha-gal syndrome and that they were
3

classified as having confirmed alpha-gal syndrome.
4

(6) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has
5

identified alpha-gal syndrome as an emerging public health
6

concern and has identified state-level surveillance of
7

alpha-gal syndrome as a public health need.
8

(7) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has
9

identified Illinois as a state with one of the highest
10

estimated prevalences of alpha-gal syndrome in the United
11

States.

12

Section 10.
Definitions.
As used in this Act:
13

"Alpha-gal syndrome" means an acquired allergic condition
14
and vector-borne disease caused by tick bites in which an
15
individual develops immunoglobulin E, antibodies to
16
galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal), resulting in
17
allergic reactions after exposure to mammalian meat, other
18
products derived from mammals, and products containing
19
mammal-derived ingredients or carrageenan.
20

"Clinical laboratory" or "laboratory" means a facility
21
that performs laboratory tests or issues reports resulting
22
from such tests and that is certified under the Clinical
23
Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988.
24

"Confirmed alpha-gal syndrome case" means a person who
25
meets the clinical criteria or case surveillance definition

HB5127
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for alpha-gal syndrome and has confirmatory laboratory
2
evidence (serum or plasma immunoglobulin E to alpha-gal of at
3
least 0.1 international unit per milliliter or 0.1 kU/L).
4

"Department" means the Department of Public Health.
5

"Diagnosed" means identified as having alpha-gal syndrome,
6
either clinically or with laboratory testing confirmation, by:
7

(1) a physician licensed to practice medicine in all
8

its branches;
9

(2) a person otherwise permitted to diagnose alpha-gal
10

syndrome by applicable laws; or
11

(3) another appropriately licensed person under the
12

supervision of or in collaboration with a physician
13

licensed to practice medicine in all its branches.
14

"Electronic laboratory reporting" or "ELR" means the
15
automated electronic transmission of laboratory test results
16
from a laboratory to the Department or a local health
17
department for reportable conditions, using nationally
18
recognized electronic standards.
19

"Medical reporters" includes medical professionals and
20
persons described in 77 Ill. Adm. Code 690.200(a)(1) or
21
successor rules as reporting entities or their equivalent.
22

"Negative alpha-gal syndrome case" means a person who is
23
considered not to have alpha-gal syndrome based on an
24
alpha-gal immunoglobulin E test result of less than 0.1 kU/L
25
(serum or plasma immunoglobulin E to alpha-gal of less than
26
0.1 international unit per milliliter or 0.1 kU/L).

HB5127
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"Positive alpha-gal immunoglobulin E test result" means an
2
alpha-gal immunoglobulin E test result of at least 0.1 kU/L
3
(serum or plasma immunoglobulin E to alpha-gal of at least 0.1
4
international unit per milliliter or 0.1 kU/L).
5

"Suspected alpha-gal syndrome case" means a person who had
6
confirmatory laboratory evidence with no clinical information
7
available.

8

Section 15.
Mandatory reporting by medical reporters;
9
counties and statewide.
10

(a) The Department shall adopt rules to track cases of
11
alpha-gal syndrome within counties and statewide.
12

(b) Medical reporters shall report diagnosed cases of
13
alpha-gal syndrome to the Department in the manner and
14
timeframes prescribed for reportable conditions under the
15
Control of Notifiable Diseases and Conditions Code (77 Ill.
16
Adm. Code 690).
17

(c) Reporting and tracking of cases of alpha-gal syndrome
18
under this Section shall be independent from or concurrent
19
with any reporting or tracking conducted by the federal
20
government or any federal agency.
21

(d) The Department has the duty to independently track
22
cases of alpha-gal syndrome in this State in consultation and
23
coordination with federal agencies, including the Centers for
24
Disease Control and Prevention.

HB5127
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1

Section 20.
Laboratory reporting
2

(a) The Department shall adopt rules requiring a report of
3
alpha-gal syndrome for an alpha-gal immunoglobulin E level of
4
0.1 kU/L.
5

(b) A laboratory that finalizes a test result as described
6
under subsection (a) shall report the test result to the
7
Department as a suspected case of alpha-gal syndrome through
8
an electronic laboratory reporting system.
9

(c) The Department shall follow up on reported suspected
10
cases of alpha-gal syndrome by applying an appropriate random
11
sampling method for confirmation that the cases meet the most
12
current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
13
surveillance case definition of alpha-gal syndrome.

14

Section 25.
Reporting to the Centers for Disease Control
15
and Prevention.
The Department shall submit an annual report
16
to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention summarizing
17
its findings related to the reporting and incidence of both
18
suspected and confirmed cases of alpha-gal syndrome.

19

Section 30.
Publication of tracking results.
20

(a) The Department shall publish the results of the
21
tracking of cases of alpha-gal syndrome publicly on the
22
Department's website in a timely manner.
23

(b) Published alpha-gal syndrome data shall include, but
24
not be limited to:

HB5127
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(1) suspected cases;
2

(2) confirmed cases; and
3

(3) an estimate of likely cases based on either State
4

data gathered from random sampling or data previously
5

shared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
6

that showed that approximately 90% of persons with a
7

positive test result had clinical symptoms consistent with
8

alpha-gal syndrome and that they were classified as having
9

confirmed alpha-gal syndrome.
10

(c) The Department shall not disclose or publish
11
information under this Section that is confidential or is
12
prohibited by law to disclose.

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