AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES

Illinois General Assembly - Full Text of HB5220

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104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY
State of Illinois
2025 and 2026
HB5220

Introduced 2/10/2026, by Rep. Edgar González, Jr.

SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:

625 ILCS 5/Ch. 12 Art. X heading new
625 ILCS 5/12-1005 new
625 ILCS 5/12-1010 new
625 ILCS 5/12-1015 new
625 ILCS 5/12-1020 new
625 ILCS 5/12-1025 new
625 ILCS 5/12-1030 new

Amends the Equipment of Vehicles Chapter of the Illinois Vehicle Code
to create the Autonomous Vehicles Article. Establishes requirements for
the operation of autonomous vehicles on public roads for testing purposes
by a driver who possesses the proper class of license for the type of
vehicle being operated. Allows the Secretary of State Vehicle Services
Department to adopt various rules regarding the operation and manufacture
of autonomous vehicles. Includes requirements for manufacturers of
autonomous vehicles. Requires a notice of autonomous vehicle noncompliance
for violations of the Code or local traffic ordinances. Sets forth
prohibitions for dealers and manufacturers.
LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b

A BILL FOR

HB5220
LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
1

AN ACT concerning transportation.

2

Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,
3
represented in the General Assembly:

4

Section 5.
The Illinois Vehicle Code is amended by adding
5
Article X to Chapter 12 as follows:

6

(625 ILCS 5/Ch. 12 Art. X heading new)
7
ARTICLE X.

AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES

8

(625 ILCS 5/12-1005 new)
9

Sec. 12-1005.
Definitions.

As used in this Article:
10

"Autonomous technology" means technology that has the
11
capability of controlling the lateral and longitudinal motion
12
of a vehicle on a sustained basis without active physical
13
control by a human operator, and which further has the ability
14
to intentionally depart from its current lane of travel on a
15
marked roadway while under automated motion control.
16

"Autonomous vehicle" means a vehicle equipped with
17
autonomous technology. "Autonomous vehicle" does not include a
18
vehicle that is equipped with one or more collision avoidance
19
systems, including, but not limited to, electronic blind spot
20
assistance, automated emergency braking systems, park assist,
21
adaptive cruise control, lane keep assist, lane departure
22
warning, traffic jam and queuing assist, or other similar

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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
1
systems that enhance safety or provide driver assistance, but
2
are not capable, collectively or singularly, of driving the
3
vehicle without the active control or monitoring of a human
4
operator.
5

"Emergency" means a sudden, unexpected occurrence
6
demanding immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss or
7
damage to life, health, property, or essential public
8
services.
9

"Emergency geofencing message" means a message delivered
10
using commonly available communication methods to identify a
11
location using a street address, intersection, coordinates, or
12
any other reasonable and customary way of identifying a
13
location, that directs an autonomous vehicle to leave or avoid
14
an area because of an emergency.
15

"Emergency response official" includes, but is not limited
16
to, emergency dispatchers, peace officers as defined in
17
Section 1-157.5, and first responders.
18

"Manufacturer" means the person, as defined in Section
19
5-109, that originally manufactures a vehicle and equips
20
autonomous technology on the originally completed vehicle or,
21
in the case of a vehicle not originally equipped with
22
autonomous technology by the vehicle manufacturer, the person
23
that modifies the vehicle by installing autonomous technology
24
to convert it to an autonomous vehicle after the vehicle was
25
originally manufactured.
26

"Notice of autonomous vehicle noncompliance" means a

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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
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notice issued by a peace officer, as defined in Section
2
1-157.5, that identifies, at minimum, an alleged violation of
3
this Code or an alleged violation of a local traffic ordinance
4
adopted pursuant to this Code by an autonomous vehicle while
5
the autonomous technology is engaged, the date, time, and
6
location of the alleged violation, and the license plate
7
number of the autonomous vehicle.
8

"Operator" means the person who is seated in the driver's
9
seat of the autonomous vehicle, or, if there is no person in
10
the driver's seat, causes the autonomous technology to engage.
11

"Partial driving automation feature" has the same meaning
12
as "Level 2 partial driving automation" in the Society of
13
Automotive Engineers (SAE) Standard J3016 (April 2021).
14

"Vehicle Services Department" means the Secretary of State
15
Vehicle Services Department.

16

(625 ILCS 5/12-1010 new)
17

Sec. 12-1010.
Operation of autonomous vehicles; Vehicle
18
Services Department rules.

19

(a) An autonomous vehicle may be operated on public roads
20
for testing purposes by a driver who possesses the proper
21
class of license for the type of vehicle being operated if all
22
of the following requirements are met:
23

(1) The autonomous vehicle is being operated on roads
24

in this State solely by employees, contractors, or other
25

persons designated by the manufacturer of the autonomous

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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
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technology.
2

(2) The driver shall be seated in the driver's seat,
3

monitoring the safe operation of the autonomous vehicle,
4

and capable of taking over immediate manual control of the
5

autonomous vehicle in the event of an autonomous
6

technology failure or other emergency.
7

(3) Prior to the start of testing in this State, the
8

manufacturer performing the testing shall obtain an
9

instrument of insurance, surety bond, or proof of
10

self-insurance in the amount of $5,000,000, and shall
11

provide evidence of the insurance, surety bond, or
12

self-insurance to the Vehicle Services Department in the
13

form and manner required by the Vehicle Services
14

Department pursuant to the rules adopted pursuant to
15

subsection (c).
16

(b) Except as provided in subsection (a), an autonomous
17
vehicle shall not be operated on public roads until the
18
manufacturer submits an application to the Vehicle Services
19
Department, and that application is approved by the Vehicle
20
Services Department pursuant to the rules adopted pursuant to
21
subsection (c). The application shall contain, at a minimum,
22
all of the following certifications:
23

(1) A certification by the manufacturer that the
24

autonomous technology satisfies all of the following
25

requirements:
26

(A) The autonomous vehicle has a mechanism to

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engage and disengage the autonomous technology that is
2

easily accessible to the operator.
3

(B) The autonomous vehicle has a visual indicator
4

inside the cabin to indicate when the autonomous
5

technology is engaged.
6

(C) The autonomous vehicle has a system to safely
7

alert the operator if an autonomous technology failure
8

is detected while the autonomous technology is
9

engaged, and when an alert is given, the system shall:
10

(i) require the operator to take control of
11

the autonomous vehicle; or
12

(ii) if the operator does not or is unable to
13

take control of the autonomous vehicle, the
14

autonomous vehicle shall be capable of coming to a
15

complete stop.
16

(D) The autonomous vehicle shall allow the
17

operator to take control in multiple manners,
18

including, without limitation, through the use of the
19

brake, the accelerator pedal, or the steering wheel,
20

and it shall alert the operator that the autonomous
21

technology has been disengaged.
22

(E) The autonomous vehicle's autonomous technology
23

meets Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards for the
24

autonomous vehicle's model year and all other
25

applicable safety standards and performance
26

requirements set forth in State and federal law and

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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
1

the rules and regulations adopted pursuant to those
2

laws.
3

(F) The autonomous technology does not make
4

inoperative any Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards
5

for the autonomous vehicle's model year and all other
6

applicable safety standards and performance
7

requirements set forth in State and federal law and
8

the rules and regulations adopted pursuant to those
9

laws.
10

(G) The autonomous vehicle has a separate
11

mechanism, in addition to, and separate from, any
12

other mechanism required by law, to capture and store
13

the autonomous technology sensor data for at least 30
14

seconds before a collision occurs between the
15

autonomous vehicle and another vehicle, object, or
16

natural person while the autonomous vehicle is
17

operating in autonomous mode. The autonomous
18

technology sensor data shall be captured and stored in
19

a read-only format by the mechanism so that the data is
20

retained until extracted from the mechanism by an
21

external device capable of downloading and storing the
22

data. The data shall be preserved for three years
23

after the date of the collision.
24

(H) The autonomous vehicle is equipped, in
25

addition to cameras, with 2 distinct sensing
26

modalities that can detect and track obstacles in the

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event of failure of the camera system. Qualifying
2

sensors include radar and lidar sensors.
3

(2) A certification that the manufacturer has tested
4

the autonomous technology on public roads and has complied
5

with the testing standards, if any, established by the
6

Vehicle Services Department pursuant to subsection (c).
7

(3) A certification that the manufacturer will
8

maintain, an instrument of insurance, a surety bond, or
9

proof of self-insurance as specified in rules adopted by
10

the Vehicle Services Department pursuant to subsection
11

(c), in an amount of $5,000,000.
12

(c) The Vehicle Services Department shall adopt rules
13
setting forth requirements for the submission of evidence of
14
insurance, surety bond, or self-insurance required by
15
subsection (a), the submission and approval of an application
16
to operate an autonomous vehicle pursuant to subsection (b),
17
and processes related to notices of autonomous vehicle
18
noncompliance pursuant to Section 12-1020.
19

The rules shall include any testing, equipment, and
20
performance standards, in addition to those established for
21
purposes of subsection (a), that the Vehicle Services
22
Department concludes are necessary to ensure the safe
23
operation of autonomous vehicles on public roads, with or
24
without the presence of a driver inside the autonomous
25
vehicle. In developing these rules, the Vehicle Services
26
Department may consult with the Illinois State Police Division

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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
1
of Patrol, the Center for Transportation at the University of
2
Illinois Urbana-Champaign, or any other entity identified by
3
the Vehicle Services Department that has expertise in
4
automotive technology, automotive safety, and autonomous
5
system design.
6

The Vehicle Services Department shall consult recent
7
reports and studies concerning autonomous vehicle safety to
8
design a permitting framework which includes multiple testing
9
and commercial deployment permits based on achievable safety
10
metrics.
11

The Vehicle Services Department may establish additional
12
requirements by the adoption of rules, which it determines, in
13
consultation with the Illinois State Police Division of
14
Patrol, are necessary to ensure the safe operation of
15
autonomous vehicles on public roads, including, but not
16
limited to, rules regarding the aggregate number of
17
deployments of autonomous vehicles on public roads, special
18
rules for the registration of autonomous vehicles, new license
19
requirements for operators of autonomous vehicles, rules for
20
notices of autonomous vehicle noncompliance, and rules for
21
revocation, suspension, or denial of any license or any
22
approval issued pursuant to this Section.
23

The Vehicle Services Department shall hold public hearings
24
on the adoption of any rules applicable to the operation of an
25
autonomous vehicle without the presence of a driver inside the
26
autonomous vehicle.

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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
1

(d) The Vehicle Services Department shall approve an
2
application submitted by a manufacturer pursuant to subsection
3
(b) if it finds that the applicant has submitted all
4
information and completed testing necessary to satisfy the
5
Vehicle Services Department that the autonomous vehicles are
6
safe to operate on public roads and the applicant has complied
7
with all requirements specified in the rules adopted by the
8
Vehicle Services Department pursuant to subsection (c).
9

Notwithstanding this subsection, if the application seeks
10
approval for autonomous vehicles capable of operating without
11
the presence of a driver inside the autonomous vehicle, the
12
Vehicle Services Department may impose additional requirements
13
it deems necessary to ensure the safe operation of those
14
autonomous vehicles, and may require the presence of a driver
15
in the driver's seat of the autonomous vehicle if it
16
determines, based on its review pursuant to this subsection,
17
that such a requirement is necessary to ensure the safe
18
operation of those autonomous vehicles on public roads.
19

(e) The Vehicle Services Department shall post a public
20
notice on its Internet website when it adopts the rules
21
required by subsection (c). The Vehicle Services Department
22
shall not approve an application submitted pursuant to the
23
rules until 30 days after the public notice is provided.
24

(f) Federal regulations adopted by the National Highway
25
Traffic Safety Administration shall supersede the provisions
26
of this Section if found to be in conflict with any other State

HB5220
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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
1
law or rule.
2

(g) The manufacturer of the autonomous technology
3
installed on a vehicle shall provide a written disclosure to
4
the purchaser of an autonomous vehicle that describes what
5
information is collected by the autonomous technology equipped
6
on the vehicle. The Vehicle Services Department may adopt
7
rules to assess a fee upon a manufacturer that submits an
8
application pursuant to subsection (b) to operate autonomous
9
vehicles on public roads in an amount necessary to recover all
10
costs reasonably incurred by the Vehicle Services Department.
11

(h) If an autonomous vehicle does not have a person in the
12
driver's seat and commits a traffic violation pursuant to this
13
Code, the citation shall be issued to the manufacturer and may
14
be issued by mail.
15

If an autonomous vehicle has a person in the driver's seat
16
and commits a traffic violation pursuant to this Code while
17
the autonomous technology is engaged, the citation shall be
18
issued to the manufacturer and may be issued by mail.
19

If an autonomous vehicle has a person in the driver's seat
20
and commits a traffic violation pursuant to this Code while
21
the autonomous technology is not engaged, the citation shall
22
be issued to the driver.
23

The holder of the testing permit or deployment permit may
24
contest a citation or penalty under the procedures in this
25
Code.

HB5220
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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
1

(625 ILCS 5/12-1015 new)
2

Sec. 12-1015.
Manufacturer requirements.
3

(a) A manufacturer shall comply with all of the following
4
requirements:
5

(1) A manufacturer operating an autonomous vehicle
6

under a testing permit or deployment permit issued by the
7

Vehicle Services Department shall maintain a dedicated
8

emergency response telephone line that is available for
9

emergency response officials during all hours when an
10

autonomous vehicle is on a public road. The telephone line
11

shall be available at no cost to public agencies.
12

The manufacturer shall continuously monitor the status
13

of each autonomous vehicle on a public road and shall
14

equip and staff the telephone line to ensure that calls
15

are picked up within 30 seconds by a remote human operator
16

who has situational awareness of all autonomous vehicles
17

on public roads.
18

The remote human operator shall have the ability to
19

immobilize the autonomous vehicle, allow an emergency
20

response official to move the autonomous vehicle, or cause
21

the autonomous vehicle to move as directed by an emergency
22

response official.
23

(2) A manufacturer operating an autonomous vehicle
24

under a testing permit or deployment permit issued by the
25

Vehicle Services Department shall equip each autonomous
26

vehicle with a 2-way voice communication device that

HB5220
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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
1

enables emergency response officials that are near the
2

vehicle to communicate effectively with a remote human
3

operator who has situational awareness about the
4

autonomous vehicle. The manufacturer shall ensure that an
5

emergency response official is able to reach a remote
6

human operator within 30 seconds after making a request
7

through the device.
8

The remote human operator shall have the ability to
9

immobilize the autonomous vehicle, allow an emergency
10

response official to move the autonomous vehicle, or cause
11

the autonomous vehicle to move as directed by an emergency
12

response official.
13

(3) Autonomous vehicles equipped with an override
14

system in the autonomous vehicle that allows someone
15

physically present to move the vehicle, pursuant to
16

subparagraphs (A) and (D) of paragraph (1) of subsection
17

(b) of Section 12-1010 shall provide access to the
18

override system to law enforcement and firefighters in
19

case of emergency to allow law enforcement and
20

firefighters to completely immobilize the autonomous
21

vehicle or cause the autonomous vehicle to move as
22

necessary to address the emergency. The manufacturer shall
23

provide training for law enforcement and firefighters on
24

the use of the override system. The training shall be
25

reviewed on a regular basis by the manufacturer and
26

updated as changes are needed.

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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
1

(b) The Vehicle Services Department shall not renew,
2
reinstate, or approve an expansion of the operational design
3
domain of a permit unless the manufacturer certifies that it
4
is in full compliance with the requirements under subsection
5
(a).
6

(c) An emergency response official may issue an emergency
7
geofencing message to a manufacturer.
8

Within 2 minutes of receiving an emergency geofencing
9
message, a manufacturer shall issue direction to its fleet to
10
leave or avoid the area identified.
11

Within 30 business days of receiving a notice that an
12
emergency response official wishes to begin issuing emergency
13
geofencing messages, a manufacturer shall provide the
14
emergency response official with all information necessary for
15
the emergency response official to begin issuing emergency
16
geofencing messages and for the manufacturer to receive and
17
respond to emergency geofencing messages.
18

An emergency geofencing message shall include the initial
19
duration for the defined avoidance area based on a reasonable
20
assessment of the emergency. If necessary, an emergency
21
response official may extend the duration for the avoidance
22
area.
23

(d) This Section shall only apply to manufacturers of
24
autonomous vehicles that operate without a human operator
25
physically present in the autonomous vehicle.
26

(e) Paragraphs (2) and (3) of subsection (a) and

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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
1
subsection (b) shall not apply to a commercial motor vehicle
2
with a gross vehicle weight rating or gross vehicle weight of
3
at least 10,001 pounds, whichever is greater. The Vehicle
4
Services Department may establish requirements by the adoption
5
of rules, determined in consultation with the Illinois State
6
Police Division of Patrol, to ensure the safe interaction
7
between autonomous commercial motor vehicles and emergency
8
response officials.

9

(625 ILCS 5/12-1020 new)
10

Sec. 12-1020.
Notice of autonomous vehicle noncompliance.
11

(a) A peace officer, as defined in Section 1-157.5, may
12
issue a notice of autonomous vehicle noncompliance upon
13
observing an alleged violation of this Code or an alleged
14
violation of a local traffic ordinance adopted pursuant to
15
this Code.
16

(b) A manufacturer of an autonomous vehicle shall provide
17
any issued notice of autonomous vehicle noncompliance to the
18
Vehicle Services Department within 72 hours of issuance, or
19
within a timeframe otherwise determined by the Vehicle
20
Services Department. The Vehicle Services Department shall
21
make available a means by which the manufacturer can provide
22
the notice.
23

(c) The issuance of a notice of autonomous vehicle
24
noncompliance shall not create a presumption that the
25
autonomous vehicle is unsafe and shall not limit the

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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
1
manufacturer's ability to contest the nature or occurrence of
2
an alleged violation identified in the notice.
3

(d) This Section shall not become operative until the
4
Vehicle Services Department issues rules addressing notices of
5
autonomous vehicle noncompliance, as required by Section
6
12-1010.

7

(625 ILCS 5/12-1025 new)
8

Sec. 12-1025.
Severability.
The provisions of this Article
9
are severable. If any provision of this Article or its
10
application is held invalid, that invalidity shall not affect
11
other provisions or applications that can be given effect
12
without the invalid provision or application.

13

(625 ILCS 5/12-1030 new)
14

Sec. 12-1030.
Dealer and manufacturer prohibitions.
15

(a) A dealer or manufacturer shall not sell any new
16
passenger vehicle that is equipped with any partial driving
17
automation feature, or provide any software update or other
18
vehicle upgrade that adds any partial driving automation
19
feature, without, at the time of delivering or upgrading the
20
vehicle, providing the buyer or owner with a distinct notice
21
that provides the name of the feature and clearly describes
22
the functions and limitations of the feature.
23

(b) A manufacturer or dealer shall not name any partial
24
driving automation feature, or describe any partial driving

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LRB104 20112 LNS 33563 b
1
automation feature in marketing materials, using language that
2
implies or would otherwise lead a reasonable person to
3
believe, that the feature allows the vehicle to function as an
4
autonomous vehicle or otherwise has functionality not actually
5
included in the feature. A violation of this subsection shall
6
be considered a misleading advertisement for the purposes of
7
the Uniform Deceptive Trade Practices Act.
8

(c) Compliance with this Section shall not alter any
9
existing duty of care or limit the civil liability of a
10
manufacturer or dealer, including, but not limited to, claims
11
for negligence or product defect.
12

(d) Before delivering a passenger vehicle equipped with a
13
partial driving automation feature to a dealer, a manufacturer
14
shall provide information to enable the dealer to comply with
15
subsection (a). This information shall include specific
16
language recommended for the notice required in that
17
subsection. A dealer may reasonably rely on the information
18
provided by the manufacturer and a dealer shall not be held in
19
violation of subsection (a) if the manufacturer fails to
20
provide this information to the dealer or if the information
21
provided is deemed to be not in compliance with this Section.
22

(e) A manufacturer shall not be held in violation of
23
subsection (a) if the manufacturer provides a dealer with the
24
information required under subsection (d) and the dealer fails
25
to provide the required notice to the buyer or owner.

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