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STATE OF IOWA
KIM REYNOLDS
GOVERNOR
April 30, 2026
Tihe Honorable Paul Pate
Secretary of State of Iowa
State Capitol
Des Moines, Iowa 50319
Dear Mr. Secretary,
I hereby transmit:
House File 2527, an Act providing a limitation on civil or criminal liability for any
alleged actual or potential effect on climate caused wholly or partly by a greenhouse gas
emission.
The above House File is hereby approved on this date.
Since|ely,Suicaely,
Kim^^nolds
Govemor of Iowa
cc: Secretary of the Senate
Clerk of the House
STATE CAPITOL DES MOINES, IOWA 50319 515.281.5211 WWW.GOVERNOR.IOWA.GOV
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House File 2527
AN ACT
PROVIDING A LIMITATION ON CIVIL OR CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR ANY
ALLEGED ACTUAL OR POTENTIAL EFFECT ON CLIMATE CAUSED WHOLLY
OR PARTLY BY A GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION-
BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF IOWA:
Section 1. NEW SECTION. 673B.1 Definitions.
As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise
requires:
1. "^Agricultural commodity'' means a farm animal or farm crop
as each is defined in section 673A.3.
2. a. ^Agricultural source" means the location where an
agricultural commodity is produced, handled, housed, stored,
preserved, processed, distributed, or sold.
b, ""^Agricultural source" includes the location where an
agricultural retailer or agricultural service provider conducts
an activity.
3. ^Greenhouse gas" means a gas derived from human activity
or a natural source that is any of the following:
a. Originating from any of the following:
(1) An agricultural source.
(2) A petroleum source.
(3) A renewable fuel source.
b. Any of the following gases:
(1) Carbon dioxide.
(2) Hydrofluorocarbons.
House File 2521, p. 2
(3) Methane.
(4) Nitrogen trifluoride.
(5) Nitrous oxide.
(6) Sulfur hexafluoride.
(7) Perfluorocarbons.
4. '^Petroleum source" means a location where petroleum or a
petroleum product is manufactured, stored, or dispensed.
5. '^Regulatory authority" meeLXis the department of natural
resources or a federal agency regulating greenhouse gas
emissions, including the United States environmental protection
agency.
6. '^Renewable fuel source" means a location where renewable
fuel, as defined in section 214A.1, is manufactured, stored,
or dispensed.
Sec. 2. NEW SECTION. 673B.2 Action based on climate —
limitation on liability.
1. Subject to section 673B.3, in any civil or criminal
action, a defendant is not liable, and is not subject to
any judicial remedy, under any principle of law or equity,
for damages or injury from any alleged actual or potential
effect on climate caused wholly or partly by a greenhouse gas
emission.
2. Subsection 1 applies regardless of the civil or criminal
action brought or type of relief sought, whether legal or
equitable.
3. A person bringing a civil or criminal action that alleges
damages or injury as described in subsection 1 must do all of
the following:
a. Specify each greenhouse gas emitted by the defendant that
as asserted gives rise to the civil or criminal action.
b. Show by clear and convincing evidence that unavoidable
and identifiable damage or injury has resulted or will
result as a direct cause of the defendant's violation of an
enforceable statutory limitation or restriction or a valid,
enforceable operating, air, or other permit issued to the
defendant by a regulatory authority.
Sec. 3. NEW SECTION. 673B.3 Action based on climate —
applicability.
Section 673B.2 applies unless the district court in the
House File 2527r P» 3
civil or criminal case finds by clear and convincing evidence
that the defendant has violated any of the following:
1. An enforceable statutory limitation or restriction
governing the emission of a specific greenhouse gas originating
within this state.
2. An express term of a valid, enforceable operating,
air, or other permit issued to the defendant by a regulatory
authority that has jurisdiction over the defendant's greenhouse
gas emissions.
Sec. 4. NEW SECTION. 673B.4 Statutory construction.
This chapter shall not be construed to create either a right
to bring any civil or criminal action, or a judicial remedy,
under any principle of law or equity, based on the potential
effect on climate caused wholly or partly by a greenhouse gas
emission.
PAT GRASSL]
Speaker of the House
AMY SINCLAIR
President of the Senate
I hereby certify that this bill originated in the House and
is known as House File 2527, Ninety-first General Assembly.
Approved , 2026
ME(gJAN NELSOl
Chief jthe House
KIM
Governor