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SB0230 • 2026

Criminal Law - Third-Degree Sexual Offense - Burglary

Criminal Law - Third-Degree Sexual Offense - Burglary

Children Crime
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Senator West
Last action
2026-05-12
Official status
Approved by the Governor - Chapter 499
Effective date
2026-10-01

Plain English Breakdown

The official source material does not provide information on tier III sex offenders, so this section was removed from the explanation.

Criminal Law - Third-Degree Sexual Offense and Burglary

This law makes it a felony to engage in non-consensual sexual contact during a burglary, and updates the definitions of tier I, II, and III sex offenders.

What This Bill Does

  • Makes engaging in non-consensual sexual contact during a burglary a third-degree sexual offense.
  • Updates the definition of 'tier I sex offender' to include certain acts constituting a third-degree sexual offense when the victim is not a minor.
  • Expands the definition of 'tier II sex offender' to cover similar offenses involving minors and non-minors.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People who commit third-degree sexual offenses during a burglary.
  • Sex offenders required to register under Maryland law.

Terms To Know

Tier I sex offender
A person convicted of certain serious sexual crimes, including those involving non-consensual sexual contact without the use of force or threat during a burglary.
Tier II sex offender
A person convicted of more severe sexual offenses, often involving minors and additional aggravating factors.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The law does not specify how existing offenders will be reclassified under new definitions.
  • It is unclear if there are specific penalties for failing to comply with updated registration requirements.

Bill History

  1. 2026-05-12 Post Passage

    Approved by the Governor - Chapter 499

  2. 2026-04-06 House

    Favorable Report by Judiciary

  3. 2026-03-20 House

    Third Reading Passed (137-0)

  4. 2026-03-19 House

    Favorable Adopted Second Reading Passed

  5. 2026-03-19 Senate

    Returned Passed

  6. 2026-03-16 Senate

    Favorable Report by Judicial Proceedings

  7. 2026-03-07 House

    Referred Judiciary

  8. 2026-03-03 Senate

    Third Reading Passed (44-0)

  9. 2026-03-02 Senate

    Favorable Adopted

  10. 2026-03-02 Senate

    Second Reading Passed

  11. 2026-01-14 Senate

    First Reading Judicial Proceedings

  12. 2026-01-13 Senate

    Hearing 1/27 at 1:00 p.m.

  13. 2025-10-17 Senate

    Pre-filed

  14. Maryland General Assembly

    Text - First - Criminal Law - Third-Degree Sexual Offense - Burglary

  15. Maryland General Assembly

    Vote - Senate - Committee - Judicial Proceedings

  16. Maryland General Assembly

    Text - Third - Criminal Law - Third-Degree Sexual Offense - Burglary

  17. Maryland General Assembly

    Vote - House - Committee - Judiciary

  18. Maryland General Assembly

    Text - Chapter - Criminal Law - Third-Degree Sexual Offense - Burglary

Official Summary Text

Establishing that engaging in sexual contact with another without the consent of the other in connection with a first-, second-, or third- degree burglary constitutes sexual offense in the third degree; and altering the definitions of "tier I sex offender", "tier II sex offender", and "tier III sex offender" applicable to provisions relating to sex offender registration to include certain acts constituting sexual offense in the third degree.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
EXPLANATION: CAPITALS INDICATE MATTER ADDED TO EXISTING LAW.
[Brackets] indicate matter deleted from existing law.
Underlining indicates amendments to bill.
Strike out indicates matter stricken from the bill by amendment or deleted from the law by
amendment.
*sb0230*

SENATE BILL 230
E1 6lr1242
SB 722/13 – JPR (PRE–FILED) CF HB 138
By: Senator West
Requested: October 17, 2025
Introduced and read first time: January 14, 2026
Assigned to: Judicial Proceedings
Committee Report: Favorable
Senate action: Adopted
Read second time: March 2, 2026

CHAPTER ______

AN ACT concerning 1

Criminal Law – Third–Degree Sexual Offense – Burglary 2

FOR the purpose of establishing that engaging in sexual contact with another without the 3
consent of the other in connection with a first –, second–, or third –degree burglary 4
constitutes sexual offense in the third degree; altering the definitions of “tier I sex 5
offender”, “tier II sex offender ”, and “tier III sex offender” applicable to provisions 6
relating to sex offender registration to include certain acts constituting sexual 7
offense in the third degree; and generally relating to sexual offense in the third 8
degree. 9

BY repealing and reenacting, with amendments, 10
Article – Criminal Law 11
Section 3–307 12
Annotated Code of Maryland 13
(2021 Replacement Volume and 2025 Supplement) 14

BY repealing and reenacting, without amendments, 15
Article – Criminal Procedure 16
Section 11–701(a) 17
Annotated Code of Maryland 18
(2025 Replacement Volume) 19

BY repealing and reenacting, with amendments, 20
Article – Criminal Procedure 21
2 SENATE BILL 230

Section 11–701(o), (p), and (q) 1
Annotated Code of Maryland 2
(2025 Replacement Volume) 3

SECTION 1. BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF MARYLAND, 4
That the Laws of Maryland read as follows: 5

Article – Criminal Law 6

3–307. 7

(a) A person may not: 8

(1) (i) engage in sexual contact with another without the consent of the 9
other; and 10

(ii) 1. employ or display a dangerous weapon, or a physical object 11
that the victim reasonably believes is a dangerous weapon; 12

2. suffocate, strangle, disfigure, or inflict serious physical 13
injury on the victim or another in the course of committing the crime; 14

3. threaten, or place the victim in fear, that the victim, or an 15
individual known to the victim, imminently will be subject to death, suffocation, 16
strangulation, disfigurement, serious physical injury, or kidnapping; [or] 17

4. commit the crime while aided and abetted by another; OR 18

5. COMMIT THE CRIME IN CONNECTION WITH A 19
BURGLARY IN THE FIRST DEGREE UNDER § 6–202 OF THIS ARTICLE, A BURGLARY IN 20
THE SECOND DEGREE UN DER § 6–203 OF THIS ARTICLE , OR A BURGLARY IN THE 21
THIRD DEGREE UNDER § 6–204 OF THIS ARTICLE; 22

(2) engage in sexual contact with another if the victim is a substantially 23
cognitively impaired individual, a mentally incapacitated individual, or a physically 24
helpless individual, and the person performing the act knows or reasonably should know 25
the victim is a substantially cognitively impaired individual, a mentally incapacitated 26
individual, or a physically helpless individual; 27

(3) engage in sexual contact with another if the victim is under the age of 28
14 years, and the person performing the sexual contact is at least 4 years older than the 29
victim; 30

(4) engage in a sexual act with another if the victim is 14 or 15 years old, 31
and the person performing the sexual act is at least 21 years old; or 32

SENATE BILL 230 3

(5) engage in vaginal intercourse with another if the victim is 14 or 15 1
years old, and the person performing the act is at least 21 years old. 2

(b) A person who violates this section is guilty of the felony of sexual offense in 3
the third degree and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years. 4

Article – Criminal Procedure 5

11–701. 6

(a) In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated. 7

(o) “Tier I sex offender” means a person who has been convicted of: 8

(1) conspiring to commit, attempting to commit, or committing a violation 9
of § 3–308 of the Criminal Law Article; 10

(2) conspiring to commit, attempting to commit, or committing a violation 11
of § 3–902 or § 11–208 of the Criminal Law Article, if the victim is a minor; 12

(3) CONSPIRING TO COMMIT , ATTEMPTING TO COMMIT , OR 13
COMMITTING A VIOLATION OF § 3–307(A)(1)(II)5 OF THE CRIMINAL LAW ARTICLE, 14
IF THE VICTIM IS NOT A MINOR; 15

[(3)] (4) a crime committed in a federal, military, tribal, or other 16
jurisdiction that, if committed in this State, would constitute one of the crimes listed in 17
[item (1) or (2)] ITEMS (1) THROUGH (3) of this subsection; 18

[(4)] (5) any of the following federal offenses: 19

(i) misleading domain names on the Internet under 18 U.S.C. § 20
2252B; 21

(ii) misleading words or digital images on the Internet under 18 22
U.S.C. § 2252C; 23

(iii) engaging in illicit conduct in foreign places under 18 U.S.C. § 24
2423(c); 25

(iv) failure to file a factual statement about an alien individual under 26
18 U.S.C. § 2424; 27

(v) transmitting information about a minor to further criminal 28
sexual conduct under 18 U.S.C. § 2425; 29

4 SENATE BILL 230

(vi) sex trafficking by force, fraud, or coercion under 18 U.S.C. § 1591; 1
or 2

(vii) travel with intent to engage in illicit conduct under 18 U.S.C. § 3
2423(b); 4

[(5)] (6) any military offense specified by the Secretary of Defense under 5
Section 115(A)(8)(C)(i) of Public Law 105 –119 (codified at 10 U.S.C. § 951 Note) that is 6
similar to those offenses listed in item [(4)] (5) of this subsection; or 7

[(6)] (7) a crime in a court of Canada, Great Britain, Australia, N ew 8
Zealand, or any other foreign country where the United States Department of State has 9
determined in its Country Reports on Human Rights Practices that an independent 10
judiciary generally or vigorously enforced the right to a fair trial during the year in which 11
the conviction occurred that, if the crime were committed in this State, would constitute 12
one of the crimes listed in items (1) through [(5)] (6) of this subsection. 13

(p) “Tier II sex offender” means a person who has been convicted of: 14

(1) conspiring to commit, attempting to commit, or committing a violation 15
of § 3–307(a)(4) or (5), § 3–324, § 11–207, or § 11–209 of the Criminal Law Article; 16

(2) conspiring to commit, attempting to commit, or committing a violation 17
of § 3 –1102, § 3 –1103, § 11 –303, § 11 –305, § 11 –306, or § 11 –307 of the Criminal Law 18
Article, if the intended prostitute or victim is a minor; 19

(3) conspiring to commit, attempting to commit, or committing a violation 20
of § 3–314 or § 3–603 of the Criminal Law Article, if the victim is a minor who is at least 14 21
years old; 22

(4) CONSPIRING TO COMMIT , ATTEMPTING TO COMMIT , OR 23
COMMITTING A VIOLATION OF § 3–307(A)(1)(II)5 OF THE CRIMINAL LAW ARTICLE, 24
IF THE VICTIM IS A MINOR WHO IS AT LEAST 13 YEARS OLD; 25

[(4)] (5) conspiring to commit, attempting to commit, or committing an 26
offense that would require the person to register as a tier I sex offender after the person 27
was already registered as a tier I sex offender; 28

[(5)] (6) a crime that was committed in a federal, military, tribal, or other 29
jurisdiction that, if committed in this State, would constitute one of the crimes listed in 30
items (1) through [(3)] (4) of this subsection; or 31

[(6)] (7) a crime in a court of Canada, Great Britain, Australia, New 32
Zealand, or any other foreign country where the United States Department of State has 33
determined in its Country Reports on Human Rights Practices that an independent 34
judiciary generally or vigorously enforced the right to a fair trial during the year in which 35
SENATE BILL 230 5

the conviction occurred that, if the crime were committed in this State, would constitute 1
one of the crimes listed in items (1) through [(3)] (4) of this subsection. 2

(q) “Tier III sex offender” means a person who has been convicted of: 3

(1) conspiring to commit, attempting to commit, or committing a violation 4
of: 5

(i) § 2–201(a)(4)(viii), (x), or (xi) of the Criminal Law Article; 6

(ii) § 3 –303, § 3 –304, [§ 3 –307(a)(1) or (2) ] § 3–307(A)(1)(II)1 7
THROUGH 4 AND (2), § 3–309, § 3–310, § 3–311, § 3–312, § 3–315, § 3–323, or § 3–602 of 8
the Criminal Law Article; 9

(iii) § 3–502 of the Criminal Law Article, if the victim is a minor; 10

(iv) § 3–502 of the Criminal Law Article, if the victim is an adult, and 11
the person has been ordered by the court to register under this subtitle; 12

(v) the common law offense of sodomy, as that offense existed before 13
October 1, 2020, or § 3 –322 of the Criminal Law Article, as that offense existed before 14
October 1, 2023, if the offense was committed with force or threat of force; or 15

(vi) § 3–305 or § 3 –306 of the Criminal Law Article as the sections 16
existed before October 1, 2017; 17

(2) conspiring to commit, attempting to commit, or committing a violatio n 18
of § 3–307(a)(3), § 3–314, § 3–503, or § 3–603 of the Criminal Law Article, if the victim is 19
under the age of 14 years; 20

(3) conspiring to commit, attempting to commit, or committing the common 21
law offense of false imprisonment, if the victim is a minor; 22

(4) CONSPIRING TO COMMIT , ATTEMPTING TO COMMIT , OR 23
COMMITTING A VIOLATION OF § 3–307(A)(1)(II)5 OF THE CRIMINAL LAW ARTICLE, 24
IF THE VICTIM IS A MINOR WHO IS UNDER THE AGE OF 13 YEARS; 25

[(4)] (5) conspiring to commit, attempting to commit, or co mmitting an 26
offense that would require the person to register as a tier I or tier II sex offender after the 27
person was already registered as a tier II sex offender; 28

[(5)] (6) a crime committed in a federal, military, tribal, or other 29
jurisdiction that, if committed in this State, would constitute one of the crimes listed in 30
items (1) through [(3)] (4) of this subsection; or 31

6 SENATE BILL 230

[(6)] (7) a crime in a court of Canada, Great Britain, Australia, New 1
Zealand, or any other foreign country where the United Stat es Department of State has 2
determined in its Country Reports on Human Rights Practices that an independent 3
judiciary generally or vigorously enforced the right to a fair trial during the year in which 4
the conviction occurred that, if the crime were committ ed in this State, would constitute 5
one of the crimes listed in items (1) through [(3)] (4) of this subsection. 6

SECTION 2. AND BE IT FURTHER ENACTED, That this Act shall be construed to 7
apply only prospectively and may not be applied or interpreted to hav e any effect on or 8
application to any acts committed before the effective date of this Act. 9

SECTION 3. AND BE IT FURTHER ENACTED, That this Act shall take effect 10
October 1, 2026. 11

Approved:
________________________________________________________________________________
Governor.
________________________________________________________________________________
President of the Senate.
________________________________________________________________________________
Speaker of the House of Delegates.