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SB0465 • 2026

Criminal Procedure - Admission of Out-of-Court Statements - Assault in the Second Degree

Criminal Procedure - Admission of Out-of-Court Statements - Assault in the Second Degree

Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Senators James and Ready
Last action
2026-05-12
Official status
Approved by the Governor - Chapter 529
Effective date
2026-10-01

Plain English Breakdown

Checked against official source text during the last sync.

Rules for Using Out-of-Court Statements in Second Degree Assault Cases

This law allows certain out-of-court statements to be used as evidence during trials if the defendant is charged with second-degree assault and the statement was made under specific conditions.

What This Bill Does

  • Allows a judge to admit an out-of-court statement in a trial for second-degree assault if the person who made the statement can't be present because someone else tried to stop them from being there.
  • Requires judges to hold a special hearing before deciding whether to allow such statements as evidence.
  • Sets rules on how these statements must be recorded or written down, like under oath or in writing signed by the speaker.
  • Needs the party trying to use the statement to tell the other side about it and what they plan to say with it.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People charged with second-degree assault
  • Judges who handle these cases
  • Lawyers representing defendants or victims in these trials

Terms To Know

Hearsay rule
A rule that usually stops people from using out-of-court statements as evidence in court.
Declarant
The person who made the statement being used as evidence.

Limits and Unknowns

  • Does not apply to cases where the defendant is charged with a crime other than second-degree assault.
  • It's unclear how often this law will be used in practice.

Bill History

  1. 2026-05-12 Post Passage

    Approved by the Governor - Chapter 529

  2. 2026-04-02 House

    Favorable Report by Judiciary

  3. 2026-03-26 House

    Hearing 3/31 at 1:00 p.m.

  4. 2026-03-20 Senate

    Favorable Report by Judicial Proceedings

  5. 2026-03-18 House

    Third Reading Passed (115-2)

  6. 2026-03-17 House

    Favorable Adopted Second Reading Passed

  7. 2026-03-17 Senate

    Returned Passed

  8. 2026-03-11 House

    Referred Judiciary

  9. 2026-03-06 Senate

    Third Reading Passed (38-5)

  10. 2026-03-05 Senate

    Favorable

  11. 2026-03-05 Senate

    Motion Special Order until Later Today (Senator Smith) Adopted

  12. 2026-03-05 Senate

    Favorable Adopted

  13. 2026-03-05 Senate

    Second Reading Passed

  14. 2026-02-09 Senate

    Hearing canceled

  15. 2026-02-09 Senate

    Hearing 2/11 at 2:00 p.m.

  16. 2026-02-04 Senate

    Hearing 2/11 at 1:00 p.m.

  17. 2026-02-02 Senate

    First Reading Judicial Proceedings

  18. Maryland General Assembly

    Text - First - Criminal Procedure - Admission of Out-of-Court Statements - Assault in the Second Degree

  19. Maryland General Assembly

    Vote - Senate - Committee - Judicial Proceedings

  20. Maryland General Assembly

    Text - Third - Criminal Procedure - Admission of Out-of-Court Statements - Assault in the Second Degree

  21. Maryland General Assembly

    Vote - House - Committee - Judiciary

  22. Maryland General Assembly

    Text - Chapter - Criminal Procedure - Admission of Out-of-Court Statements - Assault in the Second Degree

Official Summary Text

Providing that during the trial of a criminal case in which a defendant is charged with an assault in the second degree, a certain statement is not excluded by the hearsay rule if the statement is offered against a party that has engaged in, directed, or conspired to commit wrongdoing that was intended to and did procure the unavailability of the declarant of the statement, under certain circumstances.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
EXPLANATION: CAPITALS INDICATE MATTER ADDED TO EXISTING LAW.
[Brackets] indicate matter deleted from existing law.
Underlining indicates amendments to bill.
Strike out indicates matter stricken from the bill by amendment or deleted from the law by
amendment.
*sb0465*

SENATE BILL 465
E2 6lr1600
SB 146/25 – JPR
By: Senators James and Ready
Introduced and read first time: February 2, 2026
Assigned to: Judicial Proceedings
Committee Report: Favorable
Senate action: Adopted
Read second time: March 5, 2026

CHAPTER ______

AN ACT concerning 1

Criminal Procedure – Admission of Out–of–Court Statements – Assault in the 2
Second Degree 3

FOR the purpose of providing that under certain circumstances a certain statement made 4
by a certain declarant is not excluded by the hearsay rule during the trial of a 5
criminal case in which the defendant is charged with assault in the second degree; 6
and generally relating to the admission of out–of–court statements. 7

BY repealing and reenacting, with amendments, 8
Article – Courts and Judicial Proceedings 9
Section 10–901 10
Annotated Code of Maryland 11
(2020 Replacement Volume and 2025 Supplement) 12

SECTION 1. BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASS EMBLY OF MARYLAND, 13
That the Laws of Maryland read as follows: 14

Article – Courts and Judicial Proceedings 15

10–901. 16

(a) During the trial of a criminal case in which the defendant is charged with a 17
felony OR AN ASSAULT IN THE SECOND DEGREE, a statement as defined in Maryland 18
Rule 5–801(a) is not excluded by the hearsay rule if the statement is offered against a party 19
that has engaged in, directed, or conspired to commit wrongdoing that was intended to and 20
2 SENATE BILL 465

did procure the unavailability of t he declarant of the statement, as defined in Maryland 1
Rule 5–804. 2

(b) Subject to subsection (c) of this section, before admitting a statement under 3
this section, the court shall hold a hearing outside the presence of the jury at which: 4

(1) The Maryland Rules of Evidence are strictly applied; and 5

(2) The court finds by a preponderance of the evidence that the party 6
against whom the statement is offered engaged in, directed, or conspired to commit the 7
wrongdoing that procured the unavailability of the declarant. 8

(c) A statement may not be admitted under this section unless: 9

(1) The statement was: 10

(i) Given under oath subject to the penalty of perjury at a trial, 11
hearing, or other proceeding or in a deposition; 12

(ii) Reduced to writing and signed by the declarant; or 13

(iii) Recorded in substantially verbatim fashion by stenographic or 14
electronic means contemporaneously with the making of the statement; and 15

(2) As soon as is practicable after the proponent of the statement learns 16
that the declarant will be unavailable, the proponent notifies the adverse party of: 17

(i) The intention to offer the statement; 18

(ii) The particulars of the statement; and 19

(iii) The identity of the witness through whom the statement will be 20
offered. 21

SECTION 2. AND BE IT FURTHER ENACTED, That this Act shall take effect 22
October 1, 2026. 23