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Act No. 5
Public Acts of 2025
Approved by the Governor
June 2, 2025
Filed with the Secretary of State
June 2, 2025
EFFECTIVE DATE: June 2, 2025
STATE OF MICHIGAN
103RD LEGISLATURE
REGULAR SESSION OF 2025
Introduced by Reps. Cavitt, Roth, Bohnak, Prestin, Borton, Markkanen, Johnsen, Neyer, Martin,
Bierlein and Bruck
ENROLLED HOUSE BILL No. 4345
AN ACT to amend 1979 PA 94, entitled “An act to make appropriations to aid in the support of the public
schools, the intermediate school districts, community colleges, and public universities of the state; to make
appropriations for certain other purposes relating to education; to provide for the disbursement of the
appropriations; to authorize the issuance of certain bonds and provide for the security of those bonds; to prescribe
the powers and duties of certain state departments, the state board of educat ion, and certain other boards and
officials; to create certain funds and provide for their expenditure; to prescribe penalties; and to repeal acts and
parts of acts,” by amending section 101 (MCL 388.1701), as amended by 2023 PA 103.
The People of the State of Michigan enact:
Sec. 101. (1) To be eligible to receive state aid under this article, not later than the fifth Wednesday after the
pupil membership count day and not later than the fifth Wednesday after the supplemental count day, each
district superintendent shall submit and certify to the center and the intermediate superintendent, in the form
and manner prescribed by the center, the number of pupils enrolled and in regular daily attendance, including
identification of tuition -paying pupils, in the district as of the pup il membership count day and as of the
supplemental count day, as applicable, for the current school year. In addition, a district maintaining school
during the entire year shall submit and certify to the center and the intermediate superintendent, in the f orm
and manner prescribed by the center, the number of pupils enrolled and in regular daily attendance in the district
for the current school year pursuant to rules promulgated by the superintendent. Not later than the
sixth Wednesday after the pupil membe rship count day and not later than the sixth Wednesday after the
supplemental count day, the district shall resolve any pupil membership conflicts with another district, correct
any data issues, and recertify the data in a form and manner prescribed by the center and file the certified data
with the intermediate superintendent. If a district fails to submit and certify the attendance data, as required
under this subsection, the center shall notify the department and the department shall withhold state aid due to
be distributed under this article from the defaulting district immediately, beginning with the next payment after
the failure and continuing with each payment until the district complies with this subsection. If a district does
not comply with this subsection by the end of the fiscal year, the district forfeits the amount withheld. A person
who willfully falsifies a figure or statement in the certified and sworn copy of enrollment is subject to penalty as
prescribed by section 161.
(2) To be eligible to receive state aid under this article, not later than the twenty -fourth Wednesday after the
pupil membership count day and not later than the twenty-fourth Wednesday after the supplemental count day,
an intermediate district shall subm it to the center, in a form and manner prescribed by the center, the audited
enrollment and attendance data as described in subsection (1) for the pupils of its constituent districts and of the
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intermediate district. If an intermediate district fails to submit the audited data as required under this subsection,
the department shall withhold state aid due to be distributed under this article from the defaulting intermediate
district immediately, beginning with the next payment after the failure and continuing with each payment until
the intermediate district complies with this subsection. If an intermediate district does not comply with this
subsection by the end of the fiscal year, the intermediate district forfeits the amount withheld.
(3) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (11) and (12) all of the following apply to the provision of pupil
instruction:
(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, each district shall provide at least 1,098 hours and 180 days
of pupil instruction. If a collective bargaining agreement that provides a complete school calendar was in effect
for employees of a district as of June 24, 2014, and if that school calendar is not in compliance with this
subdivision, then this subdivision does not apply to that district until after the expiration of that collective
bargaining agreement. A district may apply for a waiver under sub section (9) from the requirements of this
subdivision.
(b) Except as otherwise provided in this article, a district failing to comply with the required minimum hours
and days of pupil instruction under this subsection forfeits from its total state aid allocation an amount
determined by applying a ratio of the number of hours or days the district was in noncompliance in relation to the
required minimum number of hours and days under this subsection. Not later than the first business day in
August, the board of each district shall either certify to the department that the district was in full compliance
with this section regarding the number of hours and days of pupil instruction in the previous school year, or report
to the department, in a form and manner prescribed by the center, each instance of noncompliance. If the district
did not provide at least the required minimum number of hours and days of pupil instruction under this
subsection, the department shall make the deduction of state aid in the following fiscal year from the first payment
of state school aid. A district is not subject to forfeiture of funds under this subsection for a fiscal year in which a
forfeiture was already imposed under subsection (6).
(c) Hours or days lost because of strikes or teachers ’ conferences are not counted as hours or days of pupil
instruction.
(d) Except as otherwise provided in subdivisions (e) and (f), if a district does not have at least 75% of the
district’s membership in attendance on any day of pupil instruction, the department shall pay the district state
aid in that proportion of 1/180 that the actual percent of attendance bears to 75%.
(e) If a district adds 1 or more days of pupil instruction to the end of its instructional calendar for a school year
to comply with subdivision (a) because the district otherwise would fail to provide the required minimum number
of days of pupil instruction even a fter the operation of subsection (4) due to conditions not within the control of
school authorities, then subdivision (d) does not apply for any day of pupil instruction that is added to the end of
the instructional calendar. Instead, for any of those days, if the district does not have at least 60% of the district’s
membership in attendance on that day, the department shall pay the district state aid in that proportion of 1/180
that the actual percentage of attendance bears to 60%. For any day of pupil instruction added to the instructional
calendar as described in this subdivision, the district shall report to the department the percentage of the district’s
membership that is in attendance, in the form and manner prescribed by the department.
(f) At the request of a district that operates a department -approved alternative education program and that
does not provide instruction for pupils in all of grades K to 12, the superintendent shall grant a waiver from the
requirements of subdivision (d). The waiver must provide that an eligible district is subject to the proration
provisions of subdivision (d) only if the district does not have at least 50% of the district ’s membership in
attendance on any day of pupil instruction. In order to be eligible for this waiver, a district must maintain records
to substantiate its compliance with the following requirements:
(i) The district offers the minimum hours of pupil instruction as required under this section.
(ii) For each enrolled pupil, the district uses appropriate academic assessments to develop an individual
education plan that leads to a high school diploma.
(iii) The district tests each pupil to determine academic progress at regular intervals and records the results
of those tests in that pupil’s individual education plan.
(g) All of the following apply to a waiver granted under subdivision (f):
(i) If the waiver is for a blended model of delivery, a waiver that is granted for the 2011 -2012 fiscal year or a
subsequent fiscal year remains in effect unless it is revoked by the superintendent.
(ii) If the waiver is for a 100% online model of delivery and the educational program for which the waiver is
granted makes educational services available to pupils for a minimum of at least 1,098 hours during a school year
and ensures that each pupil participates in the educational program for at least 1,098 hours during a school year,
a waiver that is granted for the 2011 -2012 fiscal year or a subsequent fiscal year remains in effect unless it is
revoked by the superintendent.
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(iii) A waiver that is not a waiver described in subparagraph ( i) or (ii) is valid for 3 fiscal years, unless it is
revoked by the superintendent, and must be renewed at the end of the 3-year period to remain in effect.
(h) For the 2024 -2025 school year only, a district does not need to meet the minimum number of hours and
days of pupil instruction requirement under subdivision (a) if that district meets all of the following requirements:
(i) The district is located wholly or partially in a county that is covered by a state of emergency declared by the
governor.
(ii) A majority of the district board votes to exempt the district from the minimum number of hours and days
of pupil instruction required under subdivision (a).
(iii) The vote by the district board under subparagraph (ii) exempts the district from providing only the hours
and days of pupil instruction actually missed due to the state of emergency.
(iv) The vote by the district board under subparagraph (ii) exempts the district from not more than 15 days of
pupil instruction required under subdivision (a). The amount that may be exempted under this subdivision is in
addition to any days counted as pupil instruction under subsection (4).
(i) The superintendent shall promulgate rules for the implementation of this subsection.
(4) All of the following apply to the counting of days and hours of pupil instruction under this section:
(a) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, the first 6 days or the equivalent number of hours for
which pupil instruction is not provided because of conditions not within the control of school authorities, such as
severe storms, fires, epidemics, utility power unavailability, water or sewer failure, or health conditions as defined
by the city, county, or state health authorities, are counted as hours and days of pupil instruction.
(b) With the approval of the superintendent of public instruction, the department shall count as hours and
days of pupil instruction for a fiscal year not more than 3 additional days or the equivalent number of additional
hours for which pupil instruction is not provided in a district due to unusual and extenuating occurrences
resulting from conditions not within the control of school authorities such as those conditions described in this
subsection.
(c) A district that counts hours or days of professional development for teachers as hours or days of pupil
instruction, as provided under subsection (10), is eligible to have additional hours or days counted as hours and
days of pupil instruction as provi ded under subdivision (b) to the same extent as a district that does not count
hours or days of professional development for teachers as hours or days of pupil instruction.
(d) In deciding whether to approve the counting of additional hours or days of pupil instruction under
subdivision (b) for a district, the superintendent of public instruction shall not take into account whether the
district counts hours or days of profess ional development for teachers as hours or days of pupil instruction, as
provided under subsection (10).
(e) Subsequent hours or days beyond those described in subdivisions (a) and (b) are not counted as hours or
days of pupil instruction.
(5) A district does not forfeit part of its state aid appropriation because it adopts or has in existence an
alternative scheduling program for pupils in kindergarten if the program provides at least the number of hours
required under subsection (3) for a full-time equated membership for a pupil in kindergarten as provided under
section 6(4).
(6) In addition to any other penalty or forfeiture under this section, if at any time the department determines
that 1 or more of the following have occurred in a district, the district forfeits in the current fiscal year beginning
in the next payment to b e calculated by the department a proportion of the funds due to the district under this
article that is equal to the proportion below the required minimum number of hours and days of pupil instruction
under subsection (3), as specified in the following:
(a) The district fails to operate its schools for at least the required minimum number of hours and days of pupil
instruction under subsection (3) in a school year, including hours and days counted under subsection (4).
(b) The board of the district takes formal action not to operate its schools for at least the required minimum
number of hours and days of pupil instruction under subsection (3) in a school year, including hours and days
counted under subsection (4).
(7) In providing the minimum number of hours and days of pupil instruction required under subsection (3), a
district shall use the following guidelines, and a district shall maintain records to substantiate its compliance
with the following guidelines:
(a) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, a pupil must be scheduled for at least the required
minimum number of hours of instruction, excluding study halls, or at least the sum of 90 hours plus the required
minimum number of hours of instruction, including up to 2 study halls.
(b) The time a pupil is assigned to any tutorial activity in a block schedule may be considered instructional
time, unless that time is determined in an audit to be a study hall period.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in this subdivision, a pupil in grades 9 to 12 for whom a reduced schedule is
determined to be in the individual pupil’s best educational interest must be scheduled for a number of hours equal
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to at least 80% of the required minimum number of hours of pupil instruction to be considered a full -time
equivalent pupil. A pupil in grades 9 to 12 who is scheduled in a 4-block schedule may receive a reduced schedule
under this subsection if the pupil is scheduled for a number of hours equal to at least 75% of the required minimum
number of hours of pupil instruction to be considered a full-time equivalent pupil.
(d) If a pupil in grades 9 to 12 who is enrolled in a cooperative education program or a special education pupil
cannot receive the required minimum number of hours of pupil instruction solely because of travel time between
instructional sites during the s chool day, that travel time, up to a maximum of 3 hours per school week, is
considered to be pupil instruction time for the purpose of determining whether the pupil is receiving the required
minimum number of hours of pupil instruction. However, if a distr ict demonstrates to the satisfaction of the
department that the travel time limitation under this subdivision would create undue costs or hardship to the
district, the department may consider more travel time to be pupil instruction time for this purpose.
(e) In grades 7 through 12, instructional time that is part of a Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps (JROTC)
program is considered to be pupil instruction time regardless of whether the instructor is a certificated teacher if
all of the following are met:
(i) The instructor has met all of the requirements established by the United States Department of Defense and
the applicable branch of the armed services for serving as an instructor in the Junior Reserve Officer Training
Corps program.
(ii) The board of the district or intermediate district employing or assigning the instructor complies with the
requirements of sections 1230 and 1230a of the revised school code, MCL 380.1230 and 380.1230a, with respect
to the instructor to the same extent as if employing the instructor as a regular classroom teacher.
(8) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (11) and (12), the department shall apply the guidelines under
subsection (7) in calculating the full-time equivalency of pupils.
(9) Upon application by the district for a particular fiscal year, the superintendent shall waive for a district
the minimum number of hours and days of pupil instruction requirement of subsection (3) for a department -
approved alternative education program or another innovative program approved by the department, including a
4-day school week. If a district applies for and receives a waiver under this subsection and complies with the
terms of the waiver, the district is not subject to forfeiture under this section for the specific program covered by
the waiver. If the district does not comply with the terms of the waiver, the amount of the forfeiture is calculated
based upon a comparison of the number of hours and days of pupil instruction actually provided to the minimum
number of hours and days of pupil instruction required under subsection (3). A district shall report pupils enrolled
in a department -approved alternative education program under this subsection to the center in a form and
manner determined by the center. All of the following apply to a waiver granted under this subsection:
(a) If the waiver is for a blended model of delivery, a waiver that is granted for the 2011 -2012 fiscal year or a
subsequent fiscal year remains in effect unless it is revoked by the superintendent.
(b) If the waiver is for a 100% online model of delivery and the educational program for which the waiver is
granted makes educational services available to pupils for a minimum of at least 1,098 hours during a school year
and ensures that each pupil is on track for course completion at proficiency level, a waiver that is granted for the
2011-2012 fiscal year or a subsequent fiscal year remains in effect unless it is revoked by the superintendent.
(c) A waiver that is not a waiver described in subdivision (a) or (b) is valid for 3 fiscal years, unless it is revoked
by the superintendent, and must be renewed at the end of the 3-year period to remain in effect.
(10) A district may count up to 38 hours of professional development for teachers as hours of pupil instruction.
All of the following apply to the counting of professional development as pupil instruction under this subsection:
(a) If the professional development exceeds 5 hours in a single day, that day may be counted as a day of pupil
instruction.
(b) At least 8 hours of the professional development counted as hours of pupil instruction under this subsection
must be recommended by a districtwide professional development advisory committee appointed by the district
board. The advisory committee must be composed of teachers employed by the district who represent a variety of
grades and subject matter specializations, including special education; nonteaching staff; parents; and
administrators. The majority membership of the committee must be composed of teaching staff.
(c) Professional development provided online is allowable and encouraged, as long as the instruction has been
approved by the district. The department shall issue a list of approved online professional development providers
that must include the Michigan Virtual School.
(d) Professional development may only be counted as hours of pupil instruction under this subsection for the
pupils of those teachers scheduled to participate in the professional development.
(e) The professional development must meet all of the following to be counted as pupil instruction under this
subsection:
(i) Be aligned to the school or district improvement plan for the school or district in which the professional
development is being provided.
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(ii) Be linked to 1 or more criteria in the evaluation tool developed or adopted by the district or intermediate
district under section 1249 of the revised school code, MCL 380.1249.
(iii) Has been approved by the department as counting for state continuing education clock hours. The number
of hours of professional development counted as hours of pupil instruction under this subsection may not exceed
the number of state continuing education clock hours for which the professional development was approved.
(iv) Not more than a combined total of 10 hours of the professional development takes place before the first
scheduled day of school for the school year ending in the fiscal year and after the last scheduled day of school for
that school year.
(v) Not more than 10 hours of the professional development takes place in a single month.
(vi) At least 75% of teachers scheduled to participate in the professional development are in attendance.
(11) Subsections (3) and (8) do not apply to a school of excellence that is a cyber school, as that term is defined
in section 551 of the revised school code, MCL 380.551, and is in compliance with section 553a of the revised school
code, MCL 380.553a. Beg inning July 1, 2021, this subsection is subject to section 8c. It is the intent of the
legislature that the immediately preceding sentence apply retroactively and is effective July 1, 2021.
(12) Subsections (3) and (8) do not apply to eligible pupils enrolled in a dropout recovery program that meets
the requirements of section 23a. As used in this subsection, “eligible pupil ” means that term as defined in
section 23a.
(13) At least every 2 years the superintendent shall review the waiver standards set forth in the pupil
accounting and auditing manuals to ensure that the waiver standards and waiver process continue to be
appropriate and responsive to changing trends in online learning. The superintendent shall solicit and consider
input from stakeholders as part of this review.
This act is ordered to take immediate effect.
Clerk of the House of Representatives
Secretary of the Senate
Approved___________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Governor