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A bill for an act
relating to taxation; prohibiting rental licensing requirements for relative
homesteads; amending Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 273.124, subdivision 1.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA:
Section 1.
Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 273.124, subdivision 1, is amended to read:
Subdivision 1.
General rule.
(a) Residential real estate that is occupied and used for
the purposes of a homestead by its owner, who must be a Minnesota resident, is a residential
homestead.
Agricultural land, as defined in section
273.13, subdivision 23
, that is occupied and used
as a homestead by its owner, who must be a Minnesota resident, is an agricultural homestead.
Dates for establishment of a homestead and homestead treatment provided to particular
types of property are as provided in this section.
Property held by a trustee under a trust is eligible for homestead classification if the
requirements under this chapter are satisfied.
The assessor shall require proof, as provided in subdivision 13, of the facts upon which
classification as a homestead may be determined. Notwithstanding any other law, the assessor
may at any time require a homestead application to be filed in order to verify that any
property classified as a homestead continues to be eligible for homestead status.
Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, the Department of Revenue may, upon
request from an assessor, verify whether an individual who is requesting or receiving
homestead classification has filed a Minnesota income tax return as a resident for the most
recent taxable year for which the information is available.
When there is a name change or a transfer of homestead property, the assessor may
reclassify the property in the next assessment unless a homestead application is filed to
verify that the property continues to qualify for homestead classification.
(b) For purposes of this section, homestead property shall include property which is used
for purposes of the homestead but is separated from the homestead by a road, street, lot,
waterway, or other similar intervening property. The term "used for purposes of the
homestead" shall include but not be limited to uses for gardens, garages, or other outbuildings
commonly associated with a homestead, but shall not include vacant land held primarily
for future development. In order to receive homestead treatment for the noncontiguous
property, the owner must use the property for the purposes of the homestead, and must apply
to the assessor, both by the deadlines given in subdivision 9. After initial qualification for
the homestead treatment, additional applications for subsequent years are not required.
(c) Residential real estate that is occupied and used for purposes of a homestead by a
relative of the owner is a homestead but only to the extent of the homestead treatment that
would be provided if the related owner occupied the property.
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A home rule charter or
statutory city or town must not require a license, registration, certificate of occupancy,
inspection, or any similar document used for the purposes of rental housing for a homestead
occupied by a relative.
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For purposes of this paragraph and paragraph (g), "relative" means
a parent, stepparent, child, stepchild, grandparent, grandchild, brother, sister, uncle, aunt,
nephew, or niece. This relationship may be by blood or marriage. Property that has been
classified as seasonal residential recreational property at any time during which it has been
owned by the current owner or spouse of the current owner will not be reclassified as a
homestead unless it is occupied as a homestead by the owner
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or a relative of the owner
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; this
prohibition also applies to property that, in the absence of this paragraph, would have been
classified as seasonal residential recreational property at the time when the residence was
constructed. Neither the related occupant nor the owner of the property may claim a property
tax refund under chapter 290A for a homestead occupied by a relative. In the case of a
residence located on agricultural land, only the house, garage, and immediately surrounding
one acre of land shall be classified as a homestead under this paragraph, except as provided
in paragraph (d).
(d) Agricultural property that is occupied and used for purposes of a homestead by a
relative of the owner, is a homestead, only to the extent of the homestead treatment that
would be provided if the related owner occupied the property, and only if all of the following
criteria are met:
(1) the relative who is occupying the agricultural property is a grandchild, child, sibling,
parent, grandparent, stepparent, stepchild, uncle, aunt, nephew, or niece of the owner of the
agricultural property or of the spouse of the owner;
(2) the owner of the agricultural property must be a Minnesota resident;
(3) the owner of the agricultural property must not receive homestead treatment on any
other agricultural property in Minnesota; and
(4) the owner of the agricultural property is limited to only one agricultural homestead
per family under this paragraph.
Neither the related occupant nor the owner of the property may claim a property tax
refund under chapter 290A for a homestead occupied by a relative qualifying under this
paragraph. For purposes of this paragraph, "agricultural property" means the house, garage,
other farm buildings and structures, and agricultural land.
Application must be made to the assessor by the owner of the agricultural property to
receive homestead benefits under this paragraph. The assessor may require the necessary
proof that the requirements under this paragraph have been met.
(e) In the case of property owned by a property owner who is married, the assessor must
not deny homestead treatment in whole or in part if only one of the spouses occupies the
property and the other spouse is absent due to: (1) marriage dissolution proceedings, (2)
legal separation, (3) employment or self-employment in another location, or (4) other
personal circumstances causing the spouses to live separately, not including an intent to
obtain two homestead classifications for property tax purposes. To qualify under clause (3),
the spouse's place of employment or self-employment must be at least 50 miles distant from
the other spouse's place of employment, and the homesteads must be at least 50 miles distant
from each other.
(f) The assessor must not deny homestead treatment in whole or in part if:
(1) in the case of a property owner who is not married, the owner is absent due to
residence in a nursing home, boarding care facility, or an elderly assisted living facility
property as defined in section
273.13, subdivision 25a
, and the property is not otherwise
occupied; or
(2) in the case of a property owner who is married, the owner or the owner's spouse or
both are absent due to residence in a nursing home, boarding care facility, or an elderly
assisted living facility property as defined in section
273.13, subdivision 25a
, and the property
is not occupied or is occupied only by the owner's spouse.
(g) If an individual is purchasing property with the intent of claiming it as a homestead
and is required by the terms of the financing agreement to have a relative shown on the deed
as a co-owner, the assessor shall allow a full homestead classification. This provision only
applies to first-time purchasers, whether married or single, or to a person who had previously
been married and is purchasing as a single individual for the first time. The application for
homestead benefits must be on a form prescribed by the commissioner and must contain
the data necessary for the assessor to determine if full homestead benefits are warranted.
(h) If residential or agricultural real estate is occupied and used for purposes of a
homestead by a child of a deceased owner and the property is subject to jurisdiction of
probate court, the child shall receive relative homestead classification under paragraph (c)
or (d) to the same extent they would be entitled to it if the owner was still living, until the
probate is completed. For purposes of this paragraph, "child" includes a relationship by
blood or by marriage.
(i) If a single-family home, duplex, or triplex classified as either residential homestead
or agricultural homestead is also used to provide licensed child care, the portion of the
property used for licensed child care must be classified as a part of the homestead property.