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HB155 • 2025

Revise class four residential and commercial property taxes

Revise class four residential and commercial property taxes

Housing Taxes
Passed Legislature

This bill passed both chambers and reached final enrollment, even if later executive action is not shown here.

Sponsor
Mark Thane
Last action
2025-05-22
Official status
(H) Died in Process
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The bill's status is 'Died in Process', meaning it did not pass and has no legal effect.

Revise Class Four Residential and Commercial Property Taxes

This bill proposes changes to property tax rates for residential homes and commercial properties, including adjustments in tax exemptions and rates.

What This Bill Does

  • Reduces the tax rate on residential properties with a market value of up to $500,000 from 1.11% to 1%. For values between $500,001 and $750,000, it changes the rate from 1.25% to 1.35%
  • Creates a homestead exemption for residential properties with a market value of up to $50,000, making that portion tax-free.
  • Changes how commercial and industrial property taxes are calculated by increasing the exemption amount from $200,000 to $400,000.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Homeowners and businesses that own property classified as class four under Montana law.

Terms To Know

Class Four Property
This includes residential homes, vacant lots, rental properties, and commercial buildings.
Homestead Exemption
A tax break that allows homeowners to exclude a portion of their home's value from property taxes.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill did not pass the legislature and died in process, so it has no legal effect.
  • It does not specify how the changes will be implemented or funded.
  • Details about the impact on specific taxpayers are unclear without further analysis.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

COMMITTEE

Plain English: Amendment 1 changes how residential and commercial properties are taxed by adjusting the tax rates for different market value ranges.

  • Residential property with a market value over $50,000 will be taxed at graduated rates based on its value range instead of a flat rate of 1.35%.
  • Commercial and industrial properties will have an exemption for the first $200,000 of their market value, after which they are taxed at 1.4% of the residential property tax rate multiplied by 1.4.
  • The amendment text is complex and includes many specific conditions that may not be fully explained in this summary.
  • Details about how the new rates will apply to existing properties are unclear from the provided information.
COMMITTEE

Plain English: Amendment 2 changes how residential and commercial properties are taxed by adjusting the tax rates for different market value ranges.

  • Residential property with a market value over $50,001 will be taxed at graduated rates based on its value range instead of a flat rate.
  • Commercial and industrial property with a market value above $400,000 is now taxed at 1.89% of the market value after an exemption for the first $400,000.
  • The amendment text includes some unclear sections that are difficult to interpret without additional context.
  • Some parts of the amendment may not be fully explained due to technical language or incomplete information.
COMMITTEE

Plain English: Amendment 3 to HB155 changes the tax rates and exemptions for certain types of residential and commercial properties.

  • Increases the tax rate for single-family residential dwellings with a market value over $1.5 million.
  • Adjusts the tax exemption amount and rate for commercial and industrial property from $200,000 to $400,000.
  • Modifies how certain improvements on agricultural land are taxed.
  • The amendment text is incomplete and does not provide full details about all changes, making it hard to summarize completely.
COMMITTEE

Plain English: COMMITTEE 4

  • The official amendment file could not be read automatically during the last sync, so only the official amendment metadata is shown right now.

Bill History

  1. 2025-05-22 HOUSE

    (H) Died in Process

  2. 2025-04-25 SENATE

    (S) Motion Failed

  3. 2025-04-17 HOUSE

    (H) Revised Fiscal Note Requested

  4. 2025-04-17 SENATE

    (S) Scheduled for 2nd Reading

  5. 2025-04-17 SENATE

    (S) 2nd Reading Concur Motion Failed

  6. 2025-04-17 SENATE

    (S) 2nd Reading Indefinitely Postpone Motion Failed

  7. 2025-04-16 SENATE

    (S) Committee Executive Action--Bill Concurred as Amended

  8. 2025-04-16 SENATE

    (S) Committee Report--Bill Concurred as Amended

  9. 2025-04-02 SENATE

    (S) Hearing

  10. 2025-03-31 SENATE

    (S) Hearing

  11. 2025-03-27 SENATE

    (S) Hearing Canceled

  12. 2025-03-26 SENATE

    (S) Hearing

  13. 2025-03-19 SENATE

    (S) Hearing

  14. 2025-03-04 HOUSE

    (H) Revised Fiscal Note Received

  15. 2025-03-04 HOUSE

    (H) Revised Fiscal Note Signed

  16. 2025-03-04 HOUSE

    (H) Revised Fiscal Note Printed

  17. 2025-03-03 SENATE

    (S) Referred to Committee

  18. 2025-03-01 HOUSE

    (H) Revised Fiscal Note Printed

  19. 2025-02-28 HOUSE

    (H) Revised Fiscal Note Received

  20. 2025-02-28 SENATE

    (S) First Reading

  21. 2025-02-28 HOUSE

    (H) Revised Fiscal Note Signed

  22. 2025-02-27 HOUSE

    (H) Scheduled for 3rd Reading

  23. 2025-02-27 HOUSE

    (H) 3rd Reading Passed

  24. 2025-02-27 HOUSE

    (H) Transmitted to Senate

  25. 2025-02-26 HOUSE

    (H) Scheduled for 2nd Reading

  26. 2025-02-26 HOUSE

    (H) 2nd Reading Passed

  27. 2025-02-21 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Report--Bill Passed as Amended

  28. 2025-02-21 HOUSE

    (H) Revised Fiscal Note Requested

  29. 2025-02-20 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Executive Action--Bill Passed as Amended

  30. 2025-02-07 HOUSE

    (H) Hearing Canceled

  31. 2025-02-07 HOUSE

    (H) Hearing

  32. 2025-02-06 HOUSE

    (H) 2nd Reading Passed

  33. 2025-02-06 HOUSE

    (H) Rereferred to Committee

  34. 2025-02-06 HOUSE

    (H) Hearing

  35. 2025-02-05 HOUSE

    (H) Revised Fiscal Note Received

  36. 2025-02-05 HOUSE

    (H) Revised Fiscal Note Signed

  37. 2025-02-05 HOUSE

    (H) Revised Fiscal Note Printed

  38. 2025-02-03 HOUSE

    (H) Revised Fiscal Note Requested

  39. 2025-01-31 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Executive Action--Bill Passed as Amended

  40. 2025-01-31 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Executive Action--Bill Passed as Amended

  41. 2025-01-31 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Report--Bill Passed as Amended

  42. 2025-01-29 HOUSE

    (H) Fiscal Note Printed

  43. 2025-01-28 HOUSE

    (H) Fiscal Note Received

  44. 2025-01-28 HOUSE

    (H) Fiscal Note Signed

  45. 2025-01-15 HOUSE

    (H) Hearing

  46. 2025-01-10 HOUSE

    (H) Referred to Committee

  47. 2025-01-10 HOUSE

    (H) First Reading

  48. 2025-01-09 HOUSE

    (H) Introduced

  49. 2025-01-09 HOUSE

    (H) Fiscal Note Requested

  50. 2025-01-08 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft Delivered to Requester

  51. 2024-12-31 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft Ready for Delivery

  52. 2024-12-28 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Assembly

  53. 2024-12-27 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Input/Proofing

  54. 2024-12-27 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Final Drafter Review

  55. 2024-12-23 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Edit

  56. 2024-12-20 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Legal Review

  57. 2024-12-14 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft Taken Off Hold

  58. 2024-11-15 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft On Hold

  59. 2024-10-22 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft Taken Off Hold

  60. 2024-10-02 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft On Hold

  61. 2024-08-27 HOUSE

    (LC) Drafter Assigned

Official Summary Text

Revise class four residential and commercial property taxes

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
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69th Legislature 2025 HB0155.4
- 1 - Authorized Print Version – HB 155
1 HOUSE BILL NO. 155
2 INTRODUCED BY M. THANE, M. MARLER, P. FLOWERS, D. HAWK, M. CAFERRO, P. TUSS, S. HOWELL,
3 T. RUNNING WOLF, T. FRANCE, J. LYNCH, L. SMITH, B. CARTER, Z. ZEPHYR, S. MORIGEAU, S.
4 DEMAROIS, J. REAVIS, L. MUSZKIEWICZ, B. EDWARDS, J. ISALY, M. LEE, P. STRAND, T. CROWE, J.
5 SECKINGER, B. CLOSE, P. ELVERUM, S. FYANT, C. NEUMANN, M. DUNWELL, J. WEBER, D. POWERS, J.
6 MORIGEAU, M. CUNNINGHAM, D. HAYMAN, S. ROSENZWEIG, C. POPE, E. KERR-CARPENTER, C.
7 KEOGH, K. SULLIVAN, J. COHENOUR, E. MATTHEWS, J. KARLEN, W. CURDY, S. WEBBER
8
9 A BILL FOR AN ACT ENTITLED: “AN ACT GENERALLY REVISING PROPERTY TAX LAWS; REDUCING
10 CLASS THREE AGRICULTURAL PROPERTY TAX RATES; REVISING REDUCING CLASS FOUR
11 RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL PROPERTY TAX RATES; PROVIDING AN FOR A HOMESTEAD
12 EXEMPTION FOR A PORTION OF CLASS FOUR RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY VALUE; REDUCING CLASS
13 TEN FOREST LAND PROPERTY TAX RATES; PROVIDING HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION ELIGIBILITY AND
14 APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS; PROVIDING AN APPEAL PROCESS; PROVIDING DEFINITIONS;
15 PROVIDING RULEMAKING AUTHORITY; PROVIDING AN EXEMPTION FOR A PORTION OF CLASS FOUR
16 COMMERCIAL PROPERTY VALUE; AMENDING SECTION SECTIONS 15-6-133,15-6-134, AND 15-6-143,
17 MCA; AND PROVIDING AN IMMEDIATE EFFECTIVE DATE AND A RETROACTIVE APPLICABILITY DATE.”
18
19 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MONTANA:
20
21SECTION 1. SECTION 15-6-133, MCA, IS AMENDED TO READ:
22 "15-6-133. Class three property -- description -- taxable percentage. (1) Class three property
23 includes:
24 (a) agricultural land as defined in 15-7-202;
25 (b) nonproductive patented mining claims outside the limits of an incorporated city or town held by
26 an owner for the ultimate purpose of developing the mineral interests on the property. For the purposes of this
27 subsection (1)(b), the following provisions apply:
28 (i) The claim may not include any property that is used for residential purposes, recreational
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1 purposes as described in 70-16-301, or commercial purposes as defined in 15-1-101 or any property the
2 surface of which is being used for other than mining purposes or has a separate and independent value for
3 other purposes.
4 (ii) Improvements to the property that would not disqualify the parcel are taxed as otherwise
5 provided in this title, including that portion of the land upon which the improvements are located and that is
6 reasonably required for the use of the improvements.
7 (iii) Nonproductive patented mining claim property must be valued as if the land were devoted to
8 agricultural grazing use.
9 (c) parcels of land of 20 acres or more but less than 160 acres under one ownership that are not
10 eligible for valuation, assessment, and taxation as agricultural land under 15-7-202(1), which are considered to
11 be nonqualified agricultural land. Nonqualified agricultural land may not be devoted to a commercial or
12 industrial purpose. Nonqualified agricultural land is valued at the average productive capacity value of grazing
13 land.
14 (2) Subject to subsection (3), class three property is taxed at 2.16% 2.05% of its productive
15 capacity value.
16 (3) The taxable value of land described in subsection (1)(c) is computed by multiplying the value of
17 the land by seven times the taxable percentage rate for agricultural land."
18
19Section 2. Section 15-6-134, MCA, is amended to read:
20 "15-6-134. Class four property -- description -- taxable percentage. (1) Class four property
21 includes:
22 (a) subject to subsection (1)(e) (1)(f), all land, except that specifically included in another class;
23 (b) subject to subsection (1)(e) (1)(f):
24 (i) all improvements, including single-family residences, trailers, manufactured homes, or mobile
25 homes used as a residence, except those specifically included in another class;
26 (ii) appurtenant improvements to the residences, including the parcels of land upon which the
27 residences are located and any leasehold improvements;
28 (iii) vacant residential lots; and
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1 (iv) rental multifamily dwelling units.
2 (c) all improvements on land that is eligible for valuation, assessment, and taxation as agricultural
3 land under 15-7-202, including;
4 (d) 1 acre of real property beneath residential improvements on land described in 15-6-133(1)(c).
5 The 1 acre must be valued at market value.
6 (d) and 1 acre of real property beneath an improvement used as a residence on land eligible for
7 valuation, assessment, and taxation as forest land under 15-6-143. The 1 acre must be valued at market value.
8 (e) real property beneath commercial improvements and as much of the surrounding land that is
9 reasonably required to support the commercial improvements on land described in 15-6-133(1)(c) and real
10 property beneath commercial improvements and as much of the surrounding land that is reasonably required to
11 support the commercial improvements on land eligible for valuation, assessment, and taxation as forest land
12 under 15-6-143. The land must be valued at market value.
13 (e)(f) all commercial and industrial property, as defined in 15-1-101, and including:
14 (i) all commercial and industrial property that is used or owned by an individual, a business, a
15 trade, a corporation, a limited liability company, or a partnership and that is used primarily for the production of
16 income;
17 (ii) all golf courses, including land and improvements actually and necessarily used for that
18 purpose, that consist of at least nine holes and not less than 700 lineal yards;
19 (iii) commercial buildings and parcels of land upon which the buildings are situated; and
20 (iv) vacant commercial lots.
21 (2) If a property includes both residential and commercial uses, the property is classified and
22 appraised as follows:
23 (a) the land use with the highest percentage of total value is the use that is assigned to the
24 property; and
25 (b) the improvements are apportioned according to the use of the improvements.
26 (3) (a) Except as provided in 15-24-1402, 15-24-1501, 15-24-1502, and subsection subsections
27 (3)(b) and (3)(c), class four residential property described in subsections (1)(a) through (1)(d) of this section is
28 taxed at 1.11% OF MARKET VALUE. 1.35% of market value. a graduated rate as follows:
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Market Value Tax Rate
first $50,000 0%
$50,001 to $500,000 1%
$500,001 to $750,000 1.25%
$750,001 to $1 million 1.3%
$1,000,001 to $1.5 million 1.4%
$1,500,001 to $2 million 1.89%
greater than $2 million 2%
1
2 (b) The tax rate for the portion of the market value of a single-family residential dwelling in excess
3 of $1.5 million is the residential property tax rate in subsection (3)(a) multiplied by 1.4.
4 (b) Vacant THE MARKET VALUE OF VACANT residential lots described in subsection (1)(b)(iii) with a
5 market value of $50,000 or less are taxed at 1% of market value THAT IS LESS THAN $500,000 IS TAXED AT 1% OF
6MARKET VALUE.
7 (c) Rental THE MAXIMUM GRADUATED RATE FOR multifamily dwelling units described in subsection
8 (1)(b)(iv) with a market value of GREATER THAN $2 million or moreare taxed at IS 1.89% of market value if the
9 dwelling units are leased at 150% or less of the county fair market rent. The property owner must annually
10 certify lease rates to the department of revenue.
11 (B) THE FIRST $50,000 OF THE MARKET VALUE OF CLASS FOUR RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY DESCRIBED IN
12SUBSECTIONS (1)(A), (1)(B)(I), (1)(B)(II), AND (1)(D) THAT QUALIFIES FOR THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION PROVIDED FOR IN
13 [SECTION 4] IS EXEMPT FROM TAXATION AND TAXED AT A RATE OF 0%.
14 (C) THE TAX RATE FOR THE PORTION OF THE MARKET VALUE OF A SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL DWELLING
15IN EXCESS OF $1.5 MILLION IS THE RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY TAX RATE IN SUBSECTION (3)(A) MULTIPLIED BY 1.4.
16 (c)(4) The (a) Except as provided in subsection (4)(c) (4)(B), the tax rate for commercial and industrial
17 property described in subsections (1)(e) and (1)(f) IS 1.75% in excess of the exemption amount in subsection
18 (4)(b) $200,000 $400,000 is 1.89% the residential property tax rate in subsection (3)(a) multiplied by 1.4.
19 (b) The TAX RATE FOR THE first $200,000 $400,000 of market value for commercial and industrial
20 property of a person or business entity is exempt from taxation IS 1.4%.
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1 (4)(c)(B)Property described in subsection (1)(e)(ii) (1)(f)(ii) is taxed at one-half the tax rate established
2 in subsection (3)(c) (4)(a).
3 (5) As used in this section, "fair market rent" means the fair market rent based on the size of the
4 dwelling as published annually by the U.S. department of housing and urban development."
5
6 NEW SECTION. SECTION 3. DEFINITIONS. AS USED IN [SECTIONS 3 THROUGH 7] AND 15-6-134, THE
7FOLLOWING DEFINITIONS APPLY:
8 (1) "HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION" MEANS THE TAX RATE PROVIDED FOR IN 15-6-134(3)(B).
9 (2) "OWNER" INCLUDES A PURCHASER UNDER CONTRACT FOR DEED AS DEFINED IN 70-20-115, A
10GRANTOR OF A TRUST INDENTURE AS DEFINED IN 71-1-303, AND THE TRUSTEE OF A GRANTOR TRUST THAT IS
11REVOCABLE AS DEFINED IN 72-38-103.
12 (3) (A) "PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE" MEANS CLASS FOUR RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY:
13 (I) THAT IS A SINGLE-FAMILY DWELLING UNIT, UNIT OF A MULTIPLE-UNIT DWELLING, TRAILER,
14MANUFACTURED HOME, OR MOBILE HOME AND THE PARCEL ON WHICH THE PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE IMPROVEMENTS ARE
15LOCATED BUT NOT INCLUDING ANY CONTIGUOUS OR ADJACENT PARCELS;
16 (II)IN WHICH AN OWNER CAN DEMONSTRATE THE OWNER OWNED AND LIVED FOR AT LEAST 7 MONTHS OF
17THE YEAR FOR WHICH THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION FOR A PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE IS CLAIMED;
18 (III)THAT IS THE ONLY RESIDENCE FOR WHICH THE OWNER CLAIMS THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION FOR THAT
19YEAR; AND
20 (IV)FOR WHICH THE OWNER MADE PAYMENT OF THE ASSESSED MONTANA PROPERTY TAXES.
21 (B) AN OWNER WHO CANNOT MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF SUBSECTION (3)(A)(II) BECAUSE THE OWNER’S
22PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE CHANGED DURING THE TAX YEAR TO ANOTHER PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE MAY STILL QUALIFY FOR THE
23HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION IF THE OWNER PAID THE MONTANA PROPERTY TAXES WHILE RESIDING IN EACH PRINCIPAL
24RESIDENCE FOR A TOTAL OF AT LEAST 7 CONSECUTIVE MONTHS FOR EACH TAX YEAR.
25 (4) "TAX YEAR 2025" MEANS THE PERIOD FROM JANUARY 1, 2025, THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2025.
26 (5) "TAX YEAR 2026" MEANS THE PERIOD FROM JANUARY 1, 2026, THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2026.
27
28 NEW SECTION. SECTION 4. HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION. (1) THERE IS A HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION PROVIDED
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1FOR IN 15-6-134(3)(B) FOR A PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE AS PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION.
2 (2) (A) BEGINNING IN TAX YEAR 2025, THE OWNER OF A PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE WHO APPLIED FOR AND
3RECEIVED THE PROPERTY TAX REBATE PROVIDE FOR IN TITLE 15, CHAPTER 1, PART 23, ON THE PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE IN
4 2023 OR 2024 AUTOMATICALLY QUALIFIES FOR THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION FOR TAX YEAR 2025 AND SUBSEQUENT TAX
5YEARS UNLESS SUBSECTIONS (2)(C)(I) THROUGH (2)(C)(III) APPLY TO THE PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE FOR WHICH THE REBATE
6WAS CLAIMED. IF THE OWNER DID NOT RECEIVE A PROPERTY TAX REBATE ON THE PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE FOR 2023 OR
7 2024, THE OWNER MAY APPLY FOR THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION ELECTRONICALLY OR BY MAIL ON A FORM PRESCRIBED
8BY THE DEPARTMENT AND POSTMARKED BY JULY 1, 2025. APPROVED APPLICATIONS RECEIVED ELECTRONICALLY OR
9POSTMARKED AFTER JULY 1, 2025, APPLY TO THE FOLLOWING TAX YEAR.
10 (B) BEGINNING IN TAX YEAR 2026, THE OWNER OF A PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE WHO DID NOT RECEIVE A
11HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF SUBSECTION (2)(A) MAY APPLY TO THE DEPARTMENT TO RECEIVE
12THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION. TO RECEIVE THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION FOR THE TAX YEAR IN WHICH THE APPLICATION
13IS FIRST MADE, THE OWNER SHALL APPLY ELECTRONICALLY OR BY MAIL ON A FORM PRESCRIBED BY THE DEPARTMENT
14AND POSTMARKED BY MARCH 1. APPROVED APPLICATIONS RECEIVED ELECTRONICALLY OR POSTMARKED AFTER MARCH
15 1 APPLY TO THE FOLLOWING TAX YEAR.
16 (C) ONCE APPROVED, THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION REMAINS EFFECTIVE UNTIL THE END OF THE TAX YEAR
17IN WHICH ANY OF THE FOLLOWING EVENTS OCCUR:
18 (I)THERE IS A CHANGE IN OWNERSHIP OF THE PROPERTY;
19 (II)THE OWNER NO LONGER USES THE DWELLING AS A PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE; OR
20 (III)THE OWNER APPLIES FOR A HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION FOR A DIFFERENT PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE.
21 (D) IF A HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION IS TERMINATED PURSUANT TO SUBSECTION (2)(C) OR [SECTION 6], ANY
22REMAINING PROPERTY TAXES DUE FOR THE YEAR IN WHICH THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION IS TERMINATED MUST BE BASED
23ON THE TAX RATE IN EFFECT ON JANUARY 1 OF THE YEAR IN WHICH THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION WAS TERMINATED.
24 (E) AN APPLICATION FOR A HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION MUST BE SUBMITTED ON A FORM PRESCRIBED BY THE
25DEPARTMENT AND MUST CONTAIN:
26 (I)A WRITTEN DECLARATION MADE UNDER PENALTY OF PERJURY THAT THE APPLICANT OWNS AND
27MAINTAINS THE LAND AND IMPROVEMENTS AS THE PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE AS DEFINED IN [SECTION 3]. THE APPLICATION
28MUST STATE THE PENALTY PROVIDED FOR IN [SECTION 5].
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1 (II)THE GEOCODE OR OTHER PROPERTY IDENTIFIER OF THE PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE FOR WHICH THE
2APPLICANT IS REQUESTING THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION;
3 (III)THE SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER OF THE APPLICANT; AND
4 (IV)ANY OTHER INFORMATION REQUIRED BY THE DEPARTMENT THAT IS RELEVANT TO THE APPLICANT’S
5ELIGIBILITY.
6 (3) (A) EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION (3)(B), CLASS FOUR RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY OWNED BY AN
7ENTITY IS NOT ELIGIBLE TO RECEIVE THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION.
8 (B) THE TRUSTEE OF A GRANTOR REVOCABLE TRUST MAY APPLY FOR A HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION FOR A
9PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE ON BEHALF OF THE TRUST IF THE DWELLING MEETS THE DEFINITION OF A PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE
10FOR THE GRANTOR.
11 (4) THE DEPARTMENT SHALL NOTIFY THE OWNER IF THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION IS APPLIED TO THE
12PROPERTY OR IF THE APPLICATION WAS DENIED.
13
14 NEW SECTION. SECTION 5. HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION -- IMPROPER APPROVAL -- PENALTY FOR FALSE OR
15FRAUDULENT APPLICATION. (1) EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION (2), IF THE DEPARTMENT DETERMINES THAT AN
16APPLICATION FOR A HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION WAS IMPROPERLY APPROVED, THE DEPARTMENT SHALL REVISE THE
17ASSESSMENT FOR EACH YEAR THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION WAS IMPROPERLY GRANTED SUBJECT TO THE ASSESSMENT
18REVISION PROCEDURE ESTABLISHED IN 15-8-601.
19 (2) (A) A PERSON WHO FILES A FALSE OR FRAUDULENT APPLICATION FOR A HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION
20PROVIDED FOR IN [SECTION 4] IS SUBJECT TO CRIMINAL PROSECUTION UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF 45-7-202.
21 (3) (A) IF A PERSON IS DETERMINED TO HAVE FILED A FALSE OR FRAUDULENT APPLICATION, THE
22DEPARTMENT SHALL REVISE THE ASSESSMENT OF THE PROPERTY SUBJECT TO THE ASSESSMENT REVISION PROCEDURE
23ESTABLISHED IN 15-8-601 AND THIS SECTION AND ASSESS A PENALTY AS PROVIDED IN THIS SUBSECTION (3). THE
24PENALTY IS EQUAL TO THREE TIMES THE BASE PENALTY AMOUNT CALCULATED UNDER SUBSECTION (3)(B) PLUS INTEREST
25AT THE RATE PROVIDED IN 15-16-102 CALCULATED FROM THE ORIGINAL DUE DATE OF THE TAXES, UNTIL PAID.
26 (B) THE BASE PENALTY AMOUNT IS EQUAL TO THE PROPERTY TAX DUE FOR EACH YEAR THE HOMESTEAD
27EXEMPTION WAS IMPROPERLY RECEIVED, DETERMINED USING THE TAX RATE PROVIDED FOR IN 15-6-134(3)(A), THE
28APPRAISED VALUE, AND THE MILL LEVIES IN EFFECT FOR THE YEAR, LESS THE ACTUAL PROPERTY TAXES PAID IN THE
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1YEAR.
2 (C) THE REVISED ASSESSMENT AND PENALTY MUST BE ASSESSED AGAINST A PERSON WHO FILED A FALSE
3OR FRAUDULENT APPLICATION EVEN IF THE PERSON NO LONGER OWNS THE PROPERTY.
4 (4) IF THE PERSON WHO FILED A FALSE OR FRAUDULENT APPLICATION NO LONGER OWNS THE PROPERTY
5ASSOCIATED WITH THE FALSE OR FRAUDULENT APPLICATION, THE PENALTY PLUS INTEREST PROVIDED FOR IN
6SUBSECTION (3) MAY BE RECOVERED AS ANY OTHER TAX OWED THE STATE. IF THE PENALTY PLUS INTEREST BECOMES
7DUE AND OWING, THE DEPARTMENT MAY ISSUE A WARRANT FOR DISTRAINT AS PROVIDED IN TITLE 15, CHAPTER 1, PART
8 7.
9 (5) EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION (4), IF THE DEPARTMENT DETERMINES THAT A FALSE OR
10FRAUDULENT APPLICATION WAS MADE, THE DEPARTMENT SHALL SEND THE REVISED ASSESSMENT WITH THE ADDITIONAL
11PENALTY AMOUNT AS DETERMINED UNDER SUBSECTION (3) TO THE COUNTY TREASURER IN THE COUNTY WHERE THE
12PROPERTY IS LOCATED.
13 (6) THE COUNTY TREASURER SHALL DISTRIBUTE PROPERTY TAXES, PENALTY, AND INTEREST COLLECTED
14UNDER THIS SECTION PROPORTIONALLY TO THE AFFECTED TAXING JURISDICTIONS.
15 (7) A REVISED ASSESSMENT MADE UNDER THIS SECTION MUST BE MADE WITHIN 10 YEARS AFTER THE END
16OF THE CALENDAR YEAR IN WHICH THE ORIGINAL APPLICATION WAS MADE.
17
18 NEW SECTION. SECTION 6. APPEAL OR DENIAL OF EXEMPTION. (1) (A) IF THE DEPARTMENT DENIES AN
19APPLICATION FOR A HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION, THE OWNER MAY REQUEST AN INFORMAL REVIEW OF THE DENIAL BY
20SUBMITTING AN OBJECTION ON WRITTEN OR ELECTRONIC FORMS PROVIDED BY THE DEPARTMENT FOR THAT PURPOSE IN
21A MANNER PRESCRIBED BY THE DEPARTMENT. THE OBJECTION MUST BE MADE NO LATER THAN 30 DAYS AFTER THE DATE
22OF THE DENIAL NOTIFICATION SENT PURSUANT TO [SECTION 4(4)].
23 (B) THE PROPERTY OWNER MAY REQUEST THAT THE DEPARTMENT CONSIDER EXTENUATING
24CIRCUMSTANCES TO GRANT AN APPLICATION FOR THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION. EXTENUATING CIRCUMSTANCES
25INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO EXTRAORDINARY, UNUSUAL, OR INFREQUENT EVENTS THAT ARE MATERIAL IN NATURE
26AND OF A CHARACTER DIFFERENT FROM THE TYPICAL OR CUSTOMARY, AND THAT ARE NOT EXPECTED TO RECUR.
27 (C) AFTER THE INFORMAL REVIEW, THE DEPARTMENT SHALL DETERMINE THE CORRECT STATUS OF THE
28HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION AND NOTIFY THE TAXPAYER OF ITS DETERMINATION BY MAIL OR ELECTRONICALLY. IN THE
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1NOTIFICATION, THE DEPARTMENT SHALL STATE ITS REASONS FOR ACCEPTING OR DENYING THE APPLICATION.
2 (2) IF A PROPERTY OWNER IS AGGRIEVED BY THE DETERMINATION MADE BY THE DEPARTMENT AFTER THE
3REVIEW PROVIDED FOR IN SUBSECTION (1), THE PROPERTY OWNER HAS THE RIGHT TO FIRST APPEAL TO THE COUNTY
4TAX APPEAL BOARD AND THEN TO THE MONTANA TAX APPEAL BOARD, WHOSE FINDINGS ARE FINAL SUBJECT TO THE
5RIGHT OF REVIEW IN THE COURTS. AN APPEAL TO THE COUNTY TAX APPEAL BOARD, PURSUANT TO 15-15-102, MUST BE
6FILED WITHIN 30 DAYS FROM THE DATE ON THE NOTICE OF THE DEPARTMENT'S DETERMINATION. IF THE COUNTY TAX
7APPEAL BOARD OR THE MONTANA TAX APPEAL BOARD DETERMINES THAT THE HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION SHOULD APPLY,
8THE DEPARTMENT SHALL ADJUST THE TAXABLE VALUE OF THE PROPERTY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE BOARD'S ORDER
9
10 NEW SECTION. SECTION 7. RULEMAKING AUTHORITY. THE DEPARTMENT SHALL ADOPT RULES THAT ARE
11NECESSARY TO IMPLEMENT AND ADMINISTER [SECTIONS 3 THROUGH 7].
12
13SECTION 8. SECTION 15-6-143, MCA, IS AMENDED TO READ:
14 "15-6-143. Class ten property -- description -- taxable percentage. (1) Class ten property includes
15 all forest lands, as defined in 15-44-102, and property described in subsection (2).
16 (2) Any parcel of growing timber totaling less than 15 acres qualifies as class ten property if, in a
17 prior year, the parcel totaled 15 acres or more and qualified as forest land but the number of acres was reduced
18 to less than 15 acres for a public use described in 70-30-102 by the federal government, the state, a county, or
19 a municipality and, since that reduction in acres, the parcel has not been further divided.
20 (3) Class ten property is taxed at:
21 (a) 0.29% of its forest productivity value in tax year 2023;
22 (b) 0.27% of its forest productivity value in tax year 2024; and
23 (c) 0.37% 0.36% of its forest productivity value in tax years after 2024."
24
25 NEW SECTION. SECTION 9. CODIFICATION INSTRUCTION. [SECTIONS 3 THROUGH 7] ARE INTENDED TO BE
26CODIFIED AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF TITLE 15, CHAPTER 6, AND THE PROVISIONS OF TITLE 15, CHAPTER 6, APPLY TO
27 [SECTIONS 3 THROUGH 7].
28
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1 NEW SECTION. Section 10. Effective date. [This act] is effective on passage and approval.
2
3 NEW SECTION. Section 11. Retroactive applicability. [This act] applies retroactively, within the
4 meaning of 1-2-109, to property tax years beginning after December 31, 2024.
5 - END -