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HB198 • 2025

Revise laws that prohibit contracts that restrict practice of health care providers

Revise laws that prohibit contracts that restrict practice of health care providers

Healthcare Labor
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Jodee Etchart
Last action
2025-04-17
Official status
Chapter Number Assigned
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

Checked against official source text during the last sync.

Changes to Health Care Provider Contracts

This law changes rules about contracts that limit how certain health care providers can work after leaving a job or partnership.

What This Bill Does

  • Removes restrictions on certain health care provider contracts so they cannot stop providers from working in any area or time period after their contract ends.
  • Allows these providers to continue treating patients and seeking new patients even if those patients were with the employer before.
  • Expands the types of health care providers covered by this law, including psychiatrists, psychologists, naturopathic doctors, social workers, professional counselors, addiction counselors, marriage and family therapists, behavioral health peer support specialists, nurses, and physician assistants.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Health care providers who have certain types of licenses
  • Employers who make contracts with these health care providers

Terms To Know

health care provider
A person licensed to give medical or mental health services, like doctors, nurses, and therapists.
contract
An agreement between two parties that outlines their rights and responsibilities.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The law does not specify when it will take effect.
  • It only applies to contracts made or renewed on or after the effective date of this act.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

COMMITTEE

Plain English: Amendment 1 adds a new type of health care provider, the registered professional nurse and advanced practice registered nurse, to the list of providers protected from restrictive contracts.

  • Adds registered professional nurses and advanced practice registered nurses to the list of health care providers who cannot be restricted by certain types of contracts.
  • The amendment text does not provide additional details about how these changes will affect existing laws or regulations for other healthcare providers.
COMMITTEE

Plain English: Amendment 2 adds naturopathic physicians and clarifies the list of health care providers covered by a bill that restricts certain contract terms for these professionals.

  • Adds 'naturopathic physician' to the list of health care providers protected under the bill.
  • Clarifies the titles and chapters in which each type of health care provider is licensed.
  • The amendment text does not provide additional details on how these changes will be implemented or enforced.
COMMITTEE

Plain English: COMMITTEE 3

  • The official amendment file could not be read automatically during the last sync, so only the official amendment metadata is shown right now.
COMMITTEE

Plain English: COMMITTEE 4

  • The official amendment file could not be read automatically during the last sync, so only the official amendment metadata is shown right now.
COMMITTEE

Plain English: COMMITTEE 5

  • The official amendment file could not be read automatically during the last sync, so only the official amendment metadata is shown right now.

Bill History

  1. 2025-04-17 HOUSE

    Chapter Number Assigned

  2. 2025-04-16 HOUSE

    (H) Signed by Governor

  3. 2025-04-09 SENATE

    (S) Signed by President

  4. 2025-04-09 HOUSE

    (H) Transmitted to Governor

  5. 2025-04-07 HOUSE

    (H) Signed by Speaker

  6. 2025-04-02 HOUSE

    (H) Returned from Enrolling

  7. 2025-03-31 SENATE

    (S) Scheduled for 3rd Reading

  8. 2025-03-31 SENATE

    (S) 3rd Reading Concurred

  9. 2025-03-31 HOUSE

    (H) Sent to Enrolling

  10. 2025-03-28 SENATE

    (S) Scheduled for 2nd Reading

  11. 2025-03-28 SENATE

    (S) 2nd Reading Concurred

  12. 2025-03-27 SENATE

    (S) 2nd Reading Pass Consideration

  13. 2025-03-20 SENATE

    (S) Committee Report--Bill Concurred

  14. 2025-03-19 SENATE

    (S) Committee Executive Action--Bill Concurred

  15. 2025-03-03 SENATE

    (S) Hearing

  16. 2025-02-17 SENATE

    (S) Referred to Committee

  17. 2025-02-12 SENATE

    (S) First Reading

  18. 2025-02-11 HOUSE

    (H) Scheduled for 3rd Reading

  19. 2025-02-11 HOUSE

    (H) 3rd Reading Passed

  20. 2025-02-11 HOUSE

    (H) Transmitted to Senate

  21. 2025-02-10 HOUSE

    (H) Scheduled for 2nd Reading

  22. 2025-02-10 HOUSE

    (H) 2nd Reading Passed

  23. 2025-02-05 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Report--Bill Passed as Amended

  24. 2025-02-04 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Executive Action--Bill Passed as Amended

  25. 2025-02-04 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Executive Action--Bill Passed as Amended

  26. 2025-01-31 HOUSE

    (H) Rereferred to Committee

  27. 2025-01-28 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Executive Action--Bill Passed as Amended

  28. 2025-01-28 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Report--Bill Passed as Amended

  29. 2025-01-20 HOUSE

    (H) Hearing

  30. 2025-01-15 HOUSE

    (H) Referred to Committee

  31. 2025-01-15 HOUSE

    (H) First Reading

  32. 2025-01-14 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft Delivered to Requester

  33. 2025-01-14 HOUSE

    (H) Introduced

  34. 2025-01-11 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Final Drafter Review

  35. 2025-01-11 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Assembly

  36. 2025-01-10 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Input/Proofing

  37. 2025-01-08 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Edit

  38. 2025-01-07 HOUSE

    (LC) Drafter Assigned

  39. 2025-01-07 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Legal Review

  40. 2024-12-23 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Assembly

  41. 2024-12-23 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft Ready for Delivery

  42. 2024-12-21 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Final Drafter Review

  43. 2024-12-20 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Input/Proofing

  44. 2024-12-18 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Edit

  45. 2024-12-16 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Legal Review

  46. 2024-12-12 HOUSE

    (LC) Drafter Assigned

Official Summary Text

Revise laws that prohibit contracts that restrict practice of health care providers

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
- 2025
69th Legislature 2025 HB 198
- 1 - Authorized Print Version – HB 198
ENROLLED BILL
AN ACT REVISING THE PROHIBITION ON CONTRACTS THAT RESTRICT THE PRACTICE OF SPECIFIED
HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS; AMENDING SECTION 28-2-724, MCA; AND PROVIDING AN IMMEDIATE
EFFECTIVE DATE AND AN APPLICABILITY DATE.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MONTANA:
Section 1. Section 28-2-724, MCA, is amended to read:
"28-2-724. Prohibition of contracts that restrict practice -- applicability -- exceptions. (1) A
contract that creates or establishes the terms of employment, a partnership, or any other form of professional
relationship with a health care provider described in subsection (2), may not restrict the right of the health care
provider, after the termination of the employment, partnership, or other form of professional relationship, to:
(a) practice or provide services for which the provider is licensed, in any geographic area and for
any period, after the termination of the employment, partnership, or other form of professional relationship;
(b) treat, advise, consult with, or establish a provider-patient relationship with any current patient of
the employer or with a patient affiliated with a partnership or other form of professional relationship; or
(c) solicit or seek to establish a provider-patient relationship with any current patient of the
employer or with a patient affiliated with a partnership or other form of professional relationship.
(2) The requirements of subsection (1) apply to contracts or agreements involving the following
health care providers:
(a) a psychiatrist or addiction medicine psychiatrist or addiction medicine physician licensed under
Title 37, chapter 3;
(b) a psychologist licensed under Title 37, chapter 17;
(c) a naturopathic physician licensed under Title 37, chapter 26;
(c)(d) a social worker licensed under Title 37, chapter 22 39;
- 2025
69th Legislature 2025 HB 198
- 2 - Authorized Print Version – HB 198
ENROLLED BILL
(d)(e) a professional counselor licensed under Title 37, chapter 23 39;
(e)(f) an addiction counselor licensed under Title 37, chapter 35 39;
(f)(g) a marriage and family therapist licensed under Title 37, chapter 37 39; and
(g)(h) a behavioral health peer support specialist licensed under Title 37, chapter 38 39;
(h)(i) a registered professional nurse or an advanced practice registered nurse licensed under Title,
37, chapter 8; or
(i)(j) a physician assistant licensed under Title 37, chapter 20.
(3) This section does not apply to a contract in connection with the sale and purchase of a
practice."
Section 2. Effective date. [This act] is effective on passage and approval.
Section 3. Applicability. [This act] applies to contracts made or renewed on or after [the effective
date of this act].
- END -
I hereby certify that the within bill,
HB 198, originated in the House.
___________________________________________
Chief Clerk of the House
___________________________________________
Speaker of the House
Signed this _______________________________day
of____________________________________, 2025.
___________________________________________
President of the Senate
Signed this _______________________________day
of____________________________________, 2025.
HOUSE BILL NO. 198
INTRODUCED BY J. ETCHART
AN ACT REVISING THE PROHIBITION ON CONTRACTS THAT RESTRICT THE PRACTICE OF SPECIFIED
HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS; AMENDING SECTION 28-2-724, MCA; AND PROVIDING AN IMMEDIATE
EFFECTIVE DATE AND AN APPLICABILITY DATE.