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HB31 • 2025

Revise wind and solar facility decommissioning

Revise wind and solar facility decommissioning

Energy Land
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Neil Duram
Last action
2025-05-16
Official status
Chapter Number Assigned
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The official source material does not provide specific details on how the state department modifies closure plans or assesses penalties, only that such actions are possible under certain conditions.

Revise Wind and Solar Facility Decommissioning

This law updates rules about how wind and solar power plants must be closed down safely, including when they need to pay a bond to ensure proper closure.

What This Bill Does

  • Requires owners of new wind or solar facilities in Montana to submit plans for closing the facility within one year after it starts operating.
  • Sets deadlines for submitting bonds that cover costs if the facility needs to be closed down, based on when the facility began operation.
  • Allows some small facilities and those with certain agreements to avoid bond requirements under specific conditions.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Owners of wind and solar power plants in Montana
  • The state department responsible for regulating these facilities

Terms To Know

decommissioning bond
Money set aside to cover costs if a wind or solar facility needs to be closed down safely.

Limits and Unknowns

  • Does not specify an effective date for when these changes will take effect.
  • Details about how penalties are assessed and appeals process may be complex and require further explanation.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

FLOOR

Plain English: Amendment 1 to HB31 changes the timeline for when wind and solar facility owners must submit decommissioning bonds to the department.

  • Wind and solar facilities that began operation after January 1, 2007, but before October 1, 2025, now have until the end of their 12th year of operation to submit a decommissioning bond instead of the original 15th year.
  • Facilities starting operation on or after October 1, 2025, must still submit bonds by the end of their 12th year of operation.
  • The amendment text is incomplete and does not provide full details about all changes to bonding requirements.
  • Some parts of the original bill are referenced but not fully explained in this amendment, making it hard to understand all impacts.
COMMITTEE

Plain English: Amendment 2 to HB31 requires wind and solar facility owners to submit an abstract of leasing agreements between the facility owner and landowner to the department within one year after commencing commercial operation.

  • Adds a requirement for wind and solar facility owners to provide an abstract of any leasing agreement with the landowner on whose property the facility is located to the department.
  • The amendment text is incomplete, making it difficult to summarize all changes accurately.
COMMITTEE

Plain English: COMMITTEE 4

  • The official amendment file could not be read automatically during the last sync, so only the official amendment metadata is shown right now.

Bill History

  1. 2025-05-16 HOUSE

    Chapter Number Assigned

  2. 2025-05-12 HOUSE

    (H) Signed by Governor

  3. 2025-05-05 HOUSE

    (H) Transmitted to Governor

  4. 2025-05-02 SENATE

    (S) Signed by President

  5. 2025-05-01 HOUSE

    (H) Signed by Speaker

  6. 2025-04-22 HOUSE

    (H) Returned from Enrolling

  7. 2025-04-18 HOUSE

    (H) Sent to Enrolling

  8. 2025-04-17 HOUSE

    (H) Scheduled for 3rd Reading

  9. 2025-04-17 HOUSE

    (H) 3rd Reading Passed as Amended by Senate

  10. 2025-04-16 HOUSE

    (H) Scheduled for 2nd Reading

  11. 2025-04-16 HOUSE

    (H) 2nd Reading Senate Amendments Concurred

  12. 2025-04-11 SENATE

    (S) Scheduled for 3rd Reading

  13. 2025-04-11 SENATE

    (S) 3rd Reading Concurred

  14. 2025-04-11 SENATE

    (S) Returned to House with Amendments

  15. 2025-04-10 SENATE

    (S) Scheduled for 2nd Reading

  16. 2025-04-10 SENATE

    (S) 2nd Reading Motion to Amend Failed

  17. 2025-04-10 SENATE

    (S) 2nd Reading Concurred

  18. 2025-04-09 SENATE

    (S) Committee Report--Bill Concurred as Amended

  19. 2025-04-08 SENATE

    (S) Committee Executive Action--Bill Concurred as Amended

  20. 2025-04-08 SENATE

    (S) Committee Executive Action--Bill Concurred as Amended

  21. 2025-02-18 SENATE

    (S) Committee Executive Action--Bill Concurred as Amended

  22. 2025-02-04 SENATE

    (S) Referred to Committee

  23. 2025-02-04 SENATE

    (S) Hearing

  24. 2025-01-22 SENATE

    (S) First Reading

  25. 2025-01-21 HOUSE

    (H) 3rd Reading Passed

  26. 2025-01-21 HOUSE

    (H) Transmitted to Senate

  27. 2025-01-20 HOUSE

    (H) 2nd Reading Passed

  28. 2025-01-16 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Report--Bill Passed

  29. 2025-01-15 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Executive Action--Bill Passed

  30. 2025-01-06 HOUSE

    (H) First Reading

  31. 2025-01-06 HOUSE

    (H) Hearing

  32. 2024-12-26 HOUSE

    (H) Referred to Committee

  33. 2024-12-06 HOUSE

    (H) Introduced

  34. 2024-11-18 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft Ready for Delivery

  35. 2024-11-17 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Assembly

  36. 2024-11-14 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Input/Proofing

  37. 2024-11-14 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Final Drafter Review

  38. 2024-11-12 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Edit

  39. 2024-10-28 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Legal Review

  40. 2024-10-09 HOUSE

    (LC) Drafter Assigned

Official Summary Text

Revise wind and solar facility decommissioning

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
- 2025
69th Legislature 2025 HB 31
- 1 - Authorized Print Version – HB 31
ENROLLED BILL
AN ACT CLARIFYING CERTAIN BONDING REQUIREMENTS FOR WIND AND SOLAR GENERATION
FACILITIES; PROVIDING FOR A DECOMMISSIONING LIEN; AMENDING SECTIONS 75-26-304 AND 75-26-
308, MCA; AND PROVIDING AN IMMEDIATE EFFECTIVE DATE.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MONTANA:
Section 1. Section 75-26-304, MCA, is amended to read:
"75-26-304. Bond -- penalty for failure to submit. (1) (a) Within 12 months of a wind generation
facility or solar facility commencing commercial operation, the owner of a wind generation facility or solar facility
operating in Montana shall:
(i) notify the department in writing of the date that the facility began commercial operation;
(ii) subject to subsection (2), submit a plan for decommissioning the facility to the department,
including the scope of work to be completed and cost estimates for completion; and
(iii) submit to the department an abstract of any leasing agreement between a facility owner and a
landowner on whose property the facility is sited; and
(iii)(iv) provide the department with any other necessary information in accordance with this part and
rules adopted pursuant to this part in order for the department to determine bond requirements in accordance
with this section.
(b) Except as provided in subsection (1)(c), if a wind generation facility or solar facility commenced
commercial operation before May 7, 2019, the owner of the facility shall submit to the department the
information required in subsection (1)(a) on or before July 1, 2020.
(c) If a wind generation facility commenced commercial operation before May 7, 2019, and the
owner of the facility submitted information required by subsection (1)(a) on or before July 1, 2018, the owner is
not required to resubmit the information.
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- 2 - Authorized Print Version – HB 31
ENROLLED BILL
(d) Within 90 days of a wind generation facility or solar facility commencing construction, the owner
of the wind generation facility or solar facility shall notify the department that construction of the facility has
commenced.
(2) If a property owner and the owner of a wind generation facility or solar facility reach an
agreement concerning alternative restoration of buildings, cabling, electrical components, roads, or any other
associated facilities, instead of removal, or alternative plans for reclamation of surface lands, or both,
decommissioning does not include removal, plans for reclamation, or both, as long as a copy of the agreement
is provided to the department.
(3) (a) If necessary, the department may modify a plan for decommissioning to determine bond
requirements in accordance with subsections (4) through (8).
(b) The department shall notify the owner of the facility of any modification. The owner of the wind
generation facility or solar facility may appeal a modification by the department of a plan for decommissioning to
the board within 60 days of receiving notice of the modification to the plan.
(4) (a) In determining the amount of a bond required in accordance with subsection (6), the
department shall consider:
(a)(i) the character and nature of the site where the wind generation facility or solar facility is located;
and
(b)(ii) the current market salvage value of the wind generation facility or solar facility, as determined
by an independent evaluator.
(b) The amount of the decommissioning bond a facility owner shall pay is 100% of the amount
calculated by the department pursuant to subsections (3) through (5) and (12).
(5) Except as provided in subsections (7) and (8) and in accordance with subsection (6), the owner
of a wind generation facility or solar facility shall submit to the department a bond payable to the state of
Montana in a form acceptable by the department and in the sum determined by the department, conditioned on
the faithful decommissioning of the wind generation facility or solar facility.
(6) (a) Except as provided in subsections (7) and (8), if a wind generation facility or solar facility
commenced commercial operation on or before January 1, 2007, the operator owner shall submit the
decommissioning bond to the department prior to the conclusion of the 16th year of operation of the wind
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69th Legislature 2025 HB 31
- 3 - Authorized Print Version – HB 31
ENROLLED BILL
generation facility or solar facility.
(b) Except as provided in subsections (6)(d), (7), and (8), if a wind generation facility or solar
facility commenced commercial operation after January 1, 2007, but before October 1, 2025, the owner shall
submit the decommissioning bond to the department prior to the conclusion of the 15th year of operation of the
wind generation facility or solar facility.
(b)(c) Except as provided in subsections (6)(d), (7), and (8), if a wind generation facility or solar
facility commenced commercial operation after January 1, 2007 on or after October 1, 2025, the operator owner
shall submit the decommissioning bond to the department prior to the conclusion of the 15th 12th year of
operation of the wind generation facility or solar facility.
(d) Except as provided in subsections (7) and (8), for a wind generation facility or solar facility with
assets that are operating, constructed, or partially constructed, if a property lease for the facility terminates prior
to the conclusion of the 12th year of operation of the facility, the owner shall submit the decommissioning bond
to the department 1 year prior to the property lease termination date.
(7) If a wind generation facility or solar facility is repurposed, as determined by the department in
consultation with the owner, the owner is not required to provide a bond, and any existing bond must be
released until the repurposed facility reaches its 5th year of operation.
(8) An owner of a wind generation facility or solar facility is exempt from the requirements of
subsection (6) if:
(a) for that portion of a wind generation facility or solar facility, the owner posts has posted a
decommissioning bond with a federal agency, with the department of natural resources and conservation for
the lease of state land, or with a tribal, county, or local government;
(b) the owner furnishes documents to the department that prove the owner is responsible under
the terms and conditions of a lease agreement to provide private bonding. The parties shall agree that release
of the agreed upon on bond is subject to the approval of the department upon on completion of reclamation.
(c) the private landowner on whose land the wind generation facility or solar facility is located owns
a 10% or greater share of the wind generation facility or solar facility, as determined by the department; or
(d) the facility:
(i) commenced commercial operation on or before January 1, 2018, is a wind generation facility,
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69th Legislature 2025 HB 31
- 4 - Authorized Print Version – HB 31
ENROLLED BILL
and has less than 25 megawatts in nameplate capacity; or
(ii) commenced commercial operation on or before January 1, 2020, is a solar facility, and has less
than 2 megawatts in nameplate capacity.
(9) (a) If the owner of the wind generation facility or solar facility fails to submit a decommissioning
bond acceptable to the department within the timeframe required by this section, the department shall provide
notice to the facility owner. If after 30 days the owner of a wind generation facility or solar facility has not
submitted a decommissioning bond, the department may assess an administrative penalty of not more than
$1,500 and an additional administrative penalty of not more than $1,500 for each day the failure to submit the
decommissioning bond continues.
(b) The owner of the wind generation facility or solar facility may appeal the department's penalty
assessment to the board within 20 days after receipt of written notice of the penalty. The contested case
provisions of the Montana Administrative Procedure Act, Title 2, chapter 4, part 6, apply to a hearing before the
board under this subsection (9).
(10) If the owner of a wind generation facility or solar facility transfers ownership of the facility to a
successor owner, the first owner's bond must be released after 90 days. The new owner shall submit any
necessary bond within 90 days after transfer of ownership or be subject to penalties in accordance with this
section.
(11) Once every 5 years after a facility is bonded, the owner of a wind generation facility or solar
facility may submit an amended plan for the department's approval. As part of the submission, the owner of a
wind generation facility or solar facility may also apply to the department for a reduction in the amount of the
decommissioning bond applicable to the wind energy facility or solar facility. The owner's application to the
department must include a detailed description of any material changes to information considered by the
department in setting the initial amount of the bond and may include an amended decommissioning plan for the
department's approval.
(12) Submitting a bond in accordance with this section does not absolve the owner of a wind
generation facility or solar facility from complying with applicable regulations and requirements for:
(a) areas subject to local zoning adopted under Title 76, chapter 2;
(b) military affected areas under Title 10, chapter 1, part 15; or
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ENROLLED BILL
(c) airport affected areas under Title 67, chapter 7."
Section 2. Decommissioning lien. (1) For a wind generation facility or solar facility that has not
submitted a bond to the department or within 30 days of abandonment of a wind generation facility or solar
facility, the department shall file a lien on the generation assets of the facility in an amount not less than the
estimated decommissioning costs in the decommissioning plan filed pursuant to 75-26-304 plus an annual
inflationary amount determined by the department.
(2) The department shall release a lien secured pursuant to subsection (1) following the receipt
and acceptance of a decommissioning bond submitted as required by 75-26-304(6)(b), (6)(c), or (6)(d).
(3) If the owner of a wind generation facility or solar facility fails to properly decommission a wind
generation facility or solar facility and the owner has not commenced action to rectify deficiencies within 90
days after notice by the department, the department may foreclose on the lien. The department, through
department staff, equipment, resources, and material under its control or a contract with others, may take any
action necessary to decommission the wind generation facility or solar facility.
Section 3. Section 75-26-308, MCA, is amended to read:
"75-26-308. Wind and solar decommissioning account -- use of existing resources. (1) There is
a wind and solar decommissioning account within the state special revenue fund established in 17-2-102. There
must be paid into the account:
(a) penalties collected in accordance with 75-26-304(9);
(b) proceeds from the sale of assets secured by liens on a wind generation facility or solar facility
that has been liquidated pursuant to [section 2(3)]; and
(b)(c) interest income earned on the account.
(2) Funds in the wind and solar decommissioning account are statutorily appropriated, as provided
in 17-7-502, to the department.
(3) (a) Money in the account may only be used by the department in implementing this part and
rules adopted pursuant to this part.
(b) The department shall administer this part using existing resources and money in the account
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69th Legislature 2025 HB 31
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ENROLLED BILL
pursuant to subsection (1).
(4) The department shall maintain and hold bonds or other surety received by the department as
authorized in 75-26-304 for use in accordance with this part."
Section 4. Effective date. [This act] is effective on passage and approval.
Section 5. Codification instruction. [Section 2] is intended to be codified as an integral part of Title
75, chapter 26, part 3, and the provisions of Title 75, chapter 26, part 3, apply to [section 2].
- END -
I hereby certify that the within bill,
HB 31, originated in the House.
___________________________________________
Chief Clerk of the House
___________________________________________
Speaker of the House
Signed this _______________________________day
of____________________________________, 2025.
___________________________________________
President of the Senate
Signed this _______________________________day
of____________________________________, 2025.
HOUSE BILL NO. 31
INTRODUCED BY N. DURAM
BY REQUEST OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
AN ACT CLARIFYING CERTAIN BONDING REQUIREMENTS FOR WIND AND SOLAR GENERATION
FACILITIES; PROVIDING FOR A DECOMMISSIONING LIEN; AMENDING SECTIONS 75-26-304 AND 75-26-
308, MCA; AND PROVIDING AN IMMEDIATE EFFECTIVE DATE.