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HB79 • 2025

Exempt small projects from fire hazard reduction agreements

Exempt small projects from fire hazard reduction agreements

Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Curtis Cochran
Last action
2025-03-27
Official status
Chapter Number Assigned
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The official source material does not provide specific details on the exact amount of slash that qualifies as a 'minimum slash hazard'.

Exempt Small Projects from Fire Hazard Reduction Agreements

This law allows small-scale activities, such as harvesting firewood and clearing small areas of land, to be exempt from certain fire hazard reduction agreements.

What This Bill Does

  • Allows small-scale activities that create a minimum amount of slash (debris) to be exempt from fire hazard reduction agreements.
  • Requires written exemptions for small projects where forest products are sold.
  • Changes the definition of 'small-scale activity' in existing law.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People who do small-scale activities like harvesting firewood or clearing land.
  • The Department of Natural Resources and Conservation, which issues exemptions.

Terms To Know

slash
Debris left after cutting trees or clearing land.
fire hazard reduction agreement
A contract to manage fire risks on private forest lands.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The law does not specify the exact amount of slash that qualifies as a 'minimum slash hazard'.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

COMMITTEE

Plain English: Amendment 1 to HB79 would exempt small-scale activities from certain fire hazard reduction requirements and allow for written exemptions for minimum slash hazards.

  • Defines 'small-scale activity' as an activity where the amount of forest products sold does not exceed two log truck loads with a maximum of two trailers towed in tandem, or is less than 10,000 board feet (log scale).
  • Allows for written exemptions from fire hazard reduction agreements for activities that generate minimum slash hazards.
  • The amendment text was truncated and may contain additional changes not fully detailed here.
  • Specific details on how the exemption will be granted or enforced are not provided in the given text.

Bill History

  1. 2025-03-27 HOUSE

    (H) Signed by Governor

  2. 2025-03-27 HOUSE

    Chapter Number Assigned

  3. 2025-03-18 SENATE

    (S) Signed by President

  4. 2025-03-18 HOUSE

    (H) Transmitted to Governor

  5. 2025-03-17 HOUSE

    (H) Signed by Speaker

  6. 2025-03-05 HOUSE

    (H) Returned from Enrolling

  7. 2025-03-03 SENATE

    (S) Scheduled for 3rd Reading

  8. 2025-03-03 SENATE

    (S) 3rd Reading Concurred

  9. 2025-03-03 HOUSE

    (H) Sent to Enrolling

  10. 2025-03-01 SENATE

    (S) Scheduled for 2nd Reading

  11. 2025-03-01 SENATE

    (S) 2nd Reading Concurred

  12. 2025-02-11 SENATE

    (S) Committee Report--Bill Concurred

  13. 2025-02-10 SENATE

    (S) Committee Executive Action--Bill Concurred

  14. 2025-01-30 SENATE

    (S) Hearing

  15. 2025-01-27 HOUSE

    (H) Transmitted to Senate

  16. 2025-01-27 SENATE

    (S) First Reading

  17. 2025-01-27 SENATE

    (S) Referred to Committee

  18. 2025-01-24 HOUSE

    (H) Scheduled for 3rd Reading

  19. 2025-01-24 HOUSE

    (H) 3rd Reading Passed

  20. 2025-01-23 HOUSE

    (H) Scheduled for 2nd Reading

  21. 2025-01-23 HOUSE

    (H) 2nd Reading Passed

  22. 2025-01-20 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Report--Bill Passed as Amended

  23. 2025-01-17 HOUSE

    (H) Committee Executive Action--Bill Passed as Amended

  24. 2025-01-13 HOUSE

    (H) Hearing

  25. 2025-01-06 HOUSE

    (H) First Reading

  26. 2024-12-20 HOUSE

    (H) Referred to Committee

  27. 2024-12-12 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft Ready for Delivery

  28. 2024-12-12 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft Delivered to Requester

  29. 2024-12-12 HOUSE

    (H) Introduced

  30. 2024-12-10 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Input/Proofing

  31. 2024-12-10 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Final Drafter Review

  32. 2024-12-10 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Assembly

  33. 2024-12-07 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Legal Review

  34. 2024-12-07 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Edit

  35. 2024-12-06 HOUSE

    (LC) Drafter Assigned

  36. 2024-11-21 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft Ready for Delivery

  37. 2024-11-20 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Final Drafter Review

  38. 2024-11-20 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Assembly

  39. 2024-11-19 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Input/Proofing

  40. 2024-11-13 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Edit

  41. 2024-11-12 HOUSE

    (LC) Draft in Legal Review

  42. 2024-10-09 HOUSE

    (LC) Drafter Assigned

Official Summary Text

Exempt small projects from fire hazard reduction agreements

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
- 2025
69th Legislature 2025 HB 79
- 1 - Authorized Print Version – HB 79
ENROLLED BILL
AN ACT ALLOWING FOR A FIRE HAZARD REDUCTION AGREEMENT EXEMPTION FOR SMALL-SCALE
ACTIVITIES, INCLUDING THE HARVESTING OF FIREWOOD; REQUIRING A WRITTEN EXEMPTION FOR
CERTAIN MINIMUM SLASH HAZARD ACTIVITIES; AND AMENDING SECTIONS 76-13-401 AND 76-13-408,
MCA.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MONTANA:
Section 1. Section 76-13-401, MCA, is amended to read:
"76-13-401. Definitions. As used in this part, the following definitions apply:
(1) "Certificate of clearance" means a certificate issued by the department acknowledging that the
fire hazard has been reduced or managed in accordance with this part and the fire hazard reduction agreement
or agreements.
(2) "Contractor" means the person who executes the fire hazard reduction agreement and is
responsible to fulfill the obligations established by the agreement.
(3) "Department" means the department of natural resources and conservation provided for in Title
2, chapter 15, part 33.
(4) "Exemption certificate" means an exemption from the provisions of this part that must be
granted by the department for the harvest of merchantable trees within the boundaries of an incorporated city or
town.
(5) "Fire hazard" means slash and debris resulting from timber cutting, timber stand improvement,
or right-of-way clearing operations that produce a cover of flammable material in which fire could spread
through a cutting or adjacent area.
(6) "Fire hazard reduction agreement" means a contract made to ensure compliance with this part
and with the rules adopted under 76-13-403 for fire hazard reduction or management on private forest lands.
- 2025
69th Legislature 2025 HB 79
- 2 - Authorized Print Version – HB 79
ENROLLED BILL
(7) "Fire hazard reduction or management" means the abatement of a fire hazard on private forest
lands by methods that include but are not limited to separation, removal, scattering, lopping, crushing, piling
and burning, broadcast burning, burying, or chipping.
(8) "Forest product" means trees or their component parts, including but not limited to logs, poles,
branches, or bark.
(9) "Master fire hazard reduction agreement" means a fire hazard reduction agreement between
the department and persons engaged in continuing cutting operations of sufficient number and size to warrant
covering these operations under a single agreement and a single bond.
(10) "Minimum slash hazard" means an amount of slash and debris generated by noncommercial
activities or small-scale activities, which may include but are not limited to harvesting sawlogs or firewood,
weeding, pruning, or clearing on private land within the state.
(11) "Person" means an individual, association, partnership, corporation, estate, or any other entity.
(12) "Private forest lands" means all lands of whatever character containing merchantable timber
that are not owned by the state, a political subdivision of the state, the United States, any agency of the United
States, or an Indian tribe.
(13) "Purchaser" means a person who purchases or contracts to purchase any forest products cut
from private forest lands within the state. The term includes persons who purchase products manufactured on
the cutting area.
(14) "Small-scale activity" means an activity in which the amount of forest products sold:
(a) does not exceed two log truck loads, each with a maximum of two trailers towed in tandem; or
(b) is less than 10,000 board feet (log scale) or an equivalent measure."
Section 2. Section 76-13-408, MCA, is amended to read:
"76-13-408. Fire hazard reduction agreement and bond -- bond release and penalty --
exemption. (1) Before cutting any forest product, constructing or reconstructing any road in contemplation of
cutting any forest product, or conducting timber stand improvement, such as but not limited to precommercial
thinning, weeding, or pruning, upon private forest lands within the state, the person conducting the work must
be issued an exemption certificate by the department or shall provide for the reduction or management of the
- 2025
69th Legislature 2025 HB 79
- 3 - Authorized Print Version – HB 79
ENROLLED BILL
fire hazard to be created, except where a minimum slash hazard would exist, by entering into a fire hazard
reduction agreement or a master fire hazard reduction agreement with the department, providing for the full and
faithful compliance with all requirements under this part and the faithful reduction or management of the fire
hazard in the manner prescribed by law and by rules adopted under this part.
(2) Either the person conducting the work or the purchaser, as provided in 76-13-409(2), shall post
a bond to the state in a form and for an amount prescribed by the department, but the amount may not exceed
$6 for each 1,000 board feet (log scale) or the equivalent if forest products other than logs are cut. Bond
amounts for master fire hazard reduction agreements are calculated to cover the potential cost to the
department for fire hazard abatement in case of default and are based on the average annual volume of
uncompleted abatement. Master fire hazard reduction agreement bonds are to be administered as nonsite-
specific umbrella bonds, for which the entire bond or any portion of the bond may be collected to pay for
unabated fire hazards on all sites covered by the bond. The department shall review master fire hazard
reduction agreement bond amounts at least annually. The bonds must be adjusted according to the volume of
timber harvested and the level of compliance of the bond provider.
(3) The agreement must provide that:
(a) all fire hazard reduction or management work comprising nonburning methods and
preparations for burning must be completed within 18 months of commencement of cutting in the area covered
by the agreement; and
(b) all burning work must be completed as specified in the agreement and in compliance with rules
adopted under this part.
(4) The bond must be released upon the issuance of the certificate of clearance. At the request of
the fire hazard reduction agreement holder, cash bonds for fire hazard reduction agreements exceeding
200,000 board feet, or the equivalent, must be partially released upon satisfactory completion of slash piling if
the fire hazard reduction agreement holder has a record of compliance with the provisions of 76-13-407 or this
section. The department may inspect the sites for which release or partial release is being requested, or it may
rely on the submittal of a signed affidavit provided by the person posting the bond. A person that submits a
fraudulent affidavit is subject to the penalty provisions of 45-7-202, may have other fire hazard reduction
agreements revoked, or may be denied the issuance of fire hazard reduction agreements in the future.
- 2025
69th Legislature 2025 HB 79
- 4 - Authorized Print Version – HB 79
ENROLLED BILL
(5) If a minimum slash hazard will be created, the activity is exempt from the provisions of this part.
(5) (a) An activity that creates a minimum slash hazard requires a written exemption from the
department if forest products are sold. Only one written exemption may be issued for a parcel of land annually.
The written exemption under this subsection (5)(a) must be provided to the purchaser at the time of delivery of
the forest products being sold.
(b) An activity that creates a minimum slash hazard is exempt from the provisions of this part if no
forest products are sold."
- END -
I hereby certify that the within bill,
HB 79, originated in the House.
___________________________________________
Chief Clerk of the House
___________________________________________
Speaker of the House
Signed this _______________________________day
of____________________________________, 2025.
___________________________________________
President of the Senate
Signed this _______________________________day
of____________________________________, 2025.
HOUSE BILL NO. 79
INTRODUCED BY C. COCHRAN
BY REQUEST OF THE DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION
AN ACT ALLOWING FOR A FIRE HAZARD REDUCTION AGREEMENT EXEMPTION FOR SMALL-SCALE
ACTIVITIES, INCLUDING THE HARVESTING OF FIREWOOD; REQUIRING A WRITTEN EXEMPTION FOR
CERTAIN MINIMUM SLASH HAZARD ACTIVITIES; AND AMENDING SECTIONS 76-13-401 AND 76-13-408,
MCA.