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A2074 • 2025

Relates to the sealing of certain claims against law enforcement officers

Relates to the sealing of certain claims against law enforcement officers

Passed Legislature

This bill passed both chambers and reached final enrollment, even if later executive action is not shown here.

Sponsor
Sam Berger
Last action
2026-06-01
Official status
In Assembly Committee
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

Using official source text because the generated explanation was unavailable or could not be confirmed against the official bill text.

Relates to the sealing of certain claims against law enforcement officers

Relates to the sealing of certain claims against law enforcement officers Provides for the sealing of unfounded, exonerated, and pending claims made against law enforcement officers; requires such claims to be redacted from disciplinary records.

What This Bill Does

  • Relates to the sealing of certain claims against law enforcement officers Provides for the sealing of unfounded, exonerated, and pending claims made against law enforcement officers; requires such claims to be redacted from disciplinary records.

Limits and Unknowns

  • This entry is temporarily using official source text because the generated explanation could not be confirmed against the official bill text during the last sync.

Bill History

  1. 2026-06-01 Assembly

    REPORTED REFERRED TO RULES

  2. 2026-05-29 Assembly

    REFERENCE CHANGED TO WAYS AND MEANS

  3. 2026-05-27 Assembly

    REPORTED REFERRED TO CODES

  4. 2026-01-07 Assembly

    REFERRED TO GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS

  5. 2025-05-15 Assembly

    AMEND AND RECOMMIT TO GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS

  6. 2025-05-15 Assembly

    PRINT NUMBER 2074C

  7. 2025-04-03 Assembly

    AMEND AND RECOMMIT TO GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS

  8. 2025-04-03 Assembly

    PRINT NUMBER 2074B

  9. 2025-02-03 Assembly

    AMEND AND RECOMMIT TO GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS

  10. 2025-02-03 Assembly

    PRINT NUMBER 2074A

  11. 2025-01-15 Assembly

    REFERRED TO GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS

Official Summary Text

Relates to the sealing of certain claims against law enforcement officers
Provides for the sealing of unfounded, exonerated, and pending claims made against law enforcement officers; requires such claims to be redacted from disciplinary records.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
        ________________________________________________________________________

                                          2074

                               2025-2026 Regular Sessions

                                  I N  A S S E M B L Y

                                    January 15, 2025
                                       ___________

        Introduced by M. of A. BERGER -- read once and referred to the Committee
          on Governmental Operations

        AN  ACT  to  amend  the  executive  law  and the public officers law, in
          relation to the sealing of  certain  claims  against  law  enforcement
          officers

          THE  PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
        BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:

     1    Section 1. Legislative intent. The legislature finds and declares that
     2  it is of critical importance that law enforcement officers who dutifully
     3  serve our communities shall always have available to them  the  opportu-
     4  nity  to,  among  other  things,  secure loans for homeownership, pursue
     5  further employment, and participate fully in the life of  the  community
     6  in which they reside. The legislature further finds that the prospect of
     7  their  being  able to do the aforementioned is dampened by the fact that
     8  currently, an  unfounded,  unsubstantiated,  or  exonerated  claim  made
     9  against  a law enforcement officer remains in their respective personnel
    10  record, and, absent language in their applicable  collective  bargaining
    11  agreement,  there  exists  no  method  of recourse for them to have such
    12  claims removed from their record. Unfounded claims are those claims that
    13  are made against law enforcement officers that, upon investigation,  are
    14  determined  to lack factual basis and are dismissed without disciplinary
    15  actions or criminal charges; unsubstantiated  claims  are  claims  that,
    16  upon  investigation, are shown not to have sufficient evidence to either
    17  prove or disprove a complaint; exonerated claims  are  claims  that  are
    18  made  against  a  law  enforcement  officer  where  the  alleged conduct
    19  occurred but was determined to be lawful. It is, therefore,  the  intent
    20  of  the  legislature  to  strike  a delicate balance between maintaining
    21  transparency regarding previous conduct of law enforcement officers, how
    22  police departments investigate and adjudicate claims of misconduct,  and
    23  policing  procedures more generally, and ensuring that unfounded, unsub-
    24  stantiated, and exonerated claims made against law enforcement  officers

         EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                              [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                                   LBD00907-03-5
        A. 2074                             2

     1  do  not  unjustly  cast  a  permanent shadow over an otherwise admirable
     2  career in public service.
     3    §  2.  The  executive  law is amended by adding a new section 845-f to
     4  read as follows:
     5    § 845-F. SEALING OF CERTAIN CLAIMS AGAINST LAW  ENFORCEMENT  OFFICERS.
     6  1.  DEFINITIONS. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, THE FOLLOWING TERMS SHALL
     7  HAVE THE FOLLOWING MEANINGS:
     8    (A)  "UNFOUNDED  CLAIM"  SHALL  MEAN  ANY COMPLAINT OR ALLEGATION MADE
     9  AGAINST A LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER THAT, UPON  INVESTIGATION,  IS  DETER-
    10  MINED TO LACK FACTUAL BASIS AND IS DISMISSED WITHOUT DISCIPLINARY ACTION
    11  OR CRIMINAL CHARGES.
    12    (B)  "UNSUBSTANTIATED  CLAIM"  SHALL  MEAN ANY COMPLAINT OR ALLEGATION
    13  MADE AGAINST A LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER THAT,  UPON  INVESTIGATION,  DOES
    14  NOT  HAVE SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE TO EITHER PROVE OR DISPROVE SUCH COMPLAINT
    15  OR ALLEGATION.  FOR PURPOSES OF THIS  SECTION,  "UNSUBSTANTIATED  CLAIM"
    16  SHALL INCLUDE COMPLAINTS OR ALLEGATIONS REFERRED TO BY MUNICIPALITIES OR
    17  OTHER  ENTITIES  AS  "UNDETERMINED"  OR ANY OTHER DESIGNATION INDICATING
    18  INSUFFICIENT EVIDENCE TO EITHER PROVE  OR  DISPROVE  SUCH  COMPLAINT  OR
    19  ALLEGATION.
    20    (C)  "EXONERATED  CLAIM"  SHALL  MEAN ANY COMPLAINT OR ALLEGATION MADE
    21  AGAINST A LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER WHERE THE ALLEGED CONDUCT OCCURRED BUT
    22  WAS DEEMED LAWFUL AND PROPER.
    23    (D) "LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER" SHALL MEAN A POLICE OFFICER  AS  DEFINED
    24  IN  SUBDIVISION  THIRTY-FOUR  OF  SECTION 1.20 OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
    25  LAW.
    26    (E) "SEAL" OR "SEALING" SHALL MEAN THE PROCESS  BY  WHICH  RECORDS  OF
    27  UNFOUNDED  CLAIMS  ARE RENDERED INACCESSIBLE TO THE PUBLIC, WITH LIMITED
    28  EXCEPTIONS AS SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION.
    29    (F) "TECHNICAL INFRACTION" SHALL MEAN A  MINOR  RULE  VIOLATION  BY  A
    30  POLICE OFFICER, AS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION THIRTY-FOUR OF SECTION 1.20 OF
    31  THE  CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW, SOLELY RELATED TO THE ENFORCEMENT OF ADMIN-
    32  ISTRATIVE DEPARTMENTAL RULES THAT (I) DO NOT INVOLVE  INTERACTIONS  WITH
    33  MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC, (II) ARE NOT OF PUBLIC CONCERN, AND (III) ARE NOT
    34  OTHERWISE  CONNECTED TO SUCH PERSON'S INVESTIGATIVE, ENFORCEMENT, TRAIN-
    35  ING, SUPERVISION, OR REPORTING RESPONSIBILITIES.
    36    2. SEALING OF UNFOUNDED CLAIMS, UNSUBSTANTIATED CLAIMS, AND EXONERATED
    37  CLAIMS.  (A) ANY UNFOUNDED CLAIM MADE AGAINST A LAW ENFORCEMENT  OFFICER
    38  SHALL  BE AUTOMATICALLY SEALED ONE YEAR AFTER THE FINAL DETERMINATION OF
    39  UNFOUNDED STATUS.
    40    (B) ANY EXONERATED CLAIM MADE AGAINST A LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER  SHALL
    41  BE AUTOMATICALLY SEALED UPON FINAL DETERMINATION OF EXONERATED STATUS.
    42    (C)  ANY  UNSUBSTANTIATED CLAIM MADE AGAINST A LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER
    43  SHALL BE AUTOMATICALLY SEALED THREE YEARS AFTER THE FINAL  DETERMINATION
    44  OF  UNSUBSTANTIATED  STATUS,  PROVIDED THAT WITHIN THOSE THREE YEARS, NO
    45  FOUNDED CLAIMS OR DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS HAVE OCCURRED.    NOTWITHSTANDING
    46  ANY  OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, A TECHNICAL INFRACTION, AS DEFINED IN PARA-
    47  GRAPH (F) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF THIS SECTION,  SHALL  NOT  CONSTITUTE  A
    48  CLAIM  OR  DISCIPLINARY  ACTION  THAT  DELAYS,  SUSPENDS,  OR  OTHERWISE
    49  PRECLUDES THE SEALING OF CLAIMS  AGAINST  LAW  ENFORCEMENT  OFFICERS  AS
    50  PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION.
    51    3.  EXCEPTIONS  AND  ACCESS  TO  SEALED RECORDS. (A) SEALED RECORDS OF
    52  UNFOUNDED CLAIMS SHALL REMAIN ACCESSIBLE TO:
    53    (I) LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES FOR  THE  PURPOSE  OF  INTERNAL  INVESTI-
    54  GATIONS OR AUDITS;
        A. 2074                             3

     1    (II)  THE NEW YORK STATE ATTORNEY GENERAL'S OFFICE AND DISTRICT ATTOR-
     2  NEYS FOR PROSECUTORIAL PURPOSES, IF  RELEVANT  TO  A  CRIMINAL  INVESTI-
     3  GATION; AND
     4    (III)  THE  CIVILIAN  COMPLAINT REVIEW BOARD OR OTHER AUTHORIZED OVER-
     5  SIGHT BODIES DURING AN ACTIVE INVESTIGATION INVOLVING AN OFFICER.
     6    (B) SEALED RECORDS SHALL NOT BE DISCLOSED OR  MADE  AVAILABLE  TO  THE
     7  PUBLIC, MEDIA, OR ANY NON-AUTHORIZED ENTITIES.
     8    4.  IMPLEMENTATION  AND  RESPONSIBILITIES.  (A)  THE DIVISION SHALL BE
     9  RESPONSIBLE FOR OVERSEEING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS SECTION, INCLUDING
    10  BUT NOT LIMITED TO:
    11    (I) ENSURING THAT ALL ELIGIBLE UNFOUNDED CLAIMS ARE SEALED IN  ACCORD-
    12  ANCE WITH THE TIMELINES SPECIFIED IN THIS SECTION; AND
    13    (II)  MAINTAINING  A  SECURE  AND  CONFIDENTIAL SYSTEM FOR STORING AND
    14  ACCESSING SEALED RECORDS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THIS SECTION.
    15    (B) LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES SHALL BE REQUIRED TO UPDATE THEIR RECORDS
    16  MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS TO COMPLY WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION AND  TO
    17  REPORT COMPLIANCE TO THE DIVISION ANNUALLY.
    18    §  3.  Paragraphs  (c) and (d) of subdivision 2-b of section 89 of the
    19  public officers law, as added by chapter 96 of the  laws  of  2020,  are
    20  amended  and  three new paragraphs (e), (f) and (g) are added to read as
    21  follows:
    22    (c) any social security numbers; [or]
    23    (d) disclosure of the use of an employee  assistance  program,  mental
    24  health  service,  or  substance  abuse  assistance  service  by a person
    25  employed by a law enforcement agency as defined in section eighty-six of
    26  this article as a police  officer,  peace  officer,  or  firefighter  or
    27  firefighter/paramedic,  unless such use is mandated by a law enforcement
    28  disciplinary proceeding that may otherwise be disclosed pursuant to this
    29  article[.];
    30    (E) UNFOUNDED CLAIMS, AS DEFINED IN PARAGRAPH (A) OF  SUBDIVISION  ONE
    31  OF SECTION EIGHT HUNDRED FORTY-FIVE-F OF THE EXECUTIVE LAW, MADE AGAINST
    32  A  POLICE OFFICER, AS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION THIRTY-FOUR OF SECTION 1.20
    33  OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW, ONE YEAR AFTER DETERMINATION OF UNFOUNDED
    34  STATUS;
    35    (F) EXONERATED CLAIMS, AS DEFINED IN PARAGRAPH (C) OF SUBDIVISION  ONE
    36  OF SECTION EIGHT HUNDRED FORTY-FIVE-F OF THE EXECUTIVE LAW, MADE AGAINST
    37  A  POLICE OFFICER, AS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION THIRTY-FOUR OF SECTION 1.20
    38  OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW; OR
    39    (G) UNSUBSTANTIATED CLAIMS, AS DEFINED IN PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION
    40  ONE OF SECTION EIGHT HUNDRED FORTY-FIVE-F OF  THE  EXECUTIVE  LAW,  MADE
    41  AGAINST  A  POLICE  OFFICER,  AS  DEFINED  IN SUBDIVISION THIRTY-FOUR OF
    42  SECTION 1.20 OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW, THREE YEARS  AFTER  DETERMI-
    43  NATION  OF  UNSUBSTANTIATED  STATUS,  PROVIDED  THAT  WITHIN THOSE THREE
    44  YEARS,  NO  FOUNDED  CLAIMS  OR  DISCIPLINARY  ACTIONS  HAVE   OCCURRED.
    45  NOTWITHSTANDING  ANY  OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, A TECHNICAL INFRACTION, AS
    46  DEFINED IN PARAGRAPH (F) OF SUBDIVISION ONE  OF  SECTION  EIGHT  HUNDRED
    47  FORTY-FIVE-F  OF  THE  EXECUTIVE  LAW,  SHALL  NOT CONSTITUTE A CLAIM OR
    48  DISCIPLINARY ACTION THAT DELAYS, SUSPENDS, OR  OTHERWISE  PRECLUDES  THE
    49  SEALING  OF  CLAIMS AGAINST LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS AS PROVIDED IN THIS
    50  SECTION.
    51    § 4. This act shall take effect on the ninetieth day  after  it  shall
    52  have  become  a  law.  Effective  immediately,  the addition, amendment,
    53  and/or repeal of any rule or regulation necessary for the implementation
    54  of this act on  its  effective  date  are  authorized  to  be  made  and
    55  completed on or before such effective date.