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S2282 • 2025

Enacts the "pretrial risk overview for threat evaluation, custody, and treatment (PROTECT) Act"; repealer

Enacts the "pretrial risk overview for threat evaluation, custody, and treatment (PROTECT) Act"; repealer

Taxes
Passed Legislature

This bill passed both chambers and reached final enrollment, even if later executive action is not shown here.

Sponsor
Pamela Helming
Last action
2026-05-18
Official status
In Senate Committee
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

Using official source text because the generated explanation was unavailable or could not be confirmed against the official bill text.

Enacts the "pretrial risk overview for threat evaluation, custody, and treatment (PROTECT) Act"; repealer

Enacts the "pretrial risk overview for threat evaluation, custody, and treatment (PROTECT) Act"; repealer Enacts the "pretrial risk overview for threat evaluation, custody, and treatment (PROTECT) Act" to evaluate certain defendants; establishes a risk assessment instrument to aid judges in determining whether to release or detain a principal, where and when a release is appropriate and necessary conditions that should be imposed as part of such release; repeals provisions of law relating to qualifying offenses and allows a court to set bail or remand a principal where based on the risk assessment instrument, where the principal poses a safety risk or risk of flight; makes related provisions.

What This Bill Does

  • Enacts the "pretrial risk overview for threat evaluation, custody, and treatment (PROTECT) Act"; repealer Enacts the "pretrial risk overview for threat evaluation, custody, and treatment (PROTECT) Act" to evaluate certain defendants; establishes a risk assessment instrument to aid judges in determining whether to release or detain a principal, where and when a release is appropriate and necessary conditions that should be imposed as part of such release; repeals provisions of law relating to qualifying offenses and allows a court to set bail or remand a principal where based on the risk assessment instrument, where the principal poses a safety risk or risk of flight; makes related provisions.

Limits and Unknowns

  • This entry is temporarily using official source text because the generated explanation could not be confirmed against the official bill text during the last sync.

Bill History

  1. 2026-05-18 Senate

    DEFEATED IN CODES

  2. 2026-03-16 Senate

    NOTICE OF COMMITTEE CONSIDERATION - REQUESTED

  3. 2026-01-07 Senate

    REFERRED TO CODES

  4. 2025-05-05 Senate

    DEFEATED IN CODES

  5. 2025-03-17 Senate

    NOTICE OF COMMITTEE CONSIDERATION - REQUESTED

  6. 2025-01-23 Senate

    AMEND AND RECOMMIT TO CODES

  7. 2025-01-23 Senate

    PRINT NUMBER 2282A

  8. 2025-01-16 Senate

    REFERRED TO CODES

Official Summary Text

Enacts the "pretrial risk overview for threat evaluation, custody, and treatment (PROTECT) Act"; repealer
Enacts the "pretrial risk overview for threat evaluation, custody, and treatment (PROTECT) Act" to evaluate certain defendants; establishes a risk assessment instrument to aid judges in determining whether to release or detain a principal, where and when a release is appropriate and necessary conditions that should be imposed as part of such release; repeals provisions of law relating to qualifying offenses and allows a court to set bail or remand a principal where based on the risk assessment instrument, where the principal poses a safety risk or risk of flight; makes related provisions.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
        ________________________________________________________________________

                                          2282

                               2025-2026 Regular Sessions

                                    I N  S E N A T E

                                    January 16, 2025
                                       ___________

        Introduced  by  Sen. HELMING -- read twice and ordered printed, and when
          printed to be committed to the Committee on Codes

        AN ACT to amend the executive law and the  criminal  procedure  law,  in
          relation  to  enacting  the  "pretrial risk overview for threat evalu-
          ation, custody, and treatment (PROTECT) act" and establishing  a  risk
          assessment  instrument  to  evaluate certain defendants; and to repeal
          certain provisions of the criminal procedure law relating thereto

          THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND  ASSEM-
        BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:

     1    Section 1. Legislative findings and intent. The legislature finds that
     2  localities  throughout New York State have struggled to prevent the pre-
     3  trial release of individuals who pose a threat to themselves  and  their
     4  communities. Moreover, many municipalities outside of New York City lack
     5  adequate  funding  and  resources  to  develop and appropriate plans and
     6  invest in necessary technology, such as GPS monitoring,  for  successful
     7  monitoring of criminal defendants who have been released into the commu-
     8  nity pending trial. We also find that the current system for determining
     9  remand,  coupled with this lack of resources, has enabled individuals to
    10  reoffend during their period of pre-trial release. As a result, we  have
    11  seen  an  increase  in  crime  and a growing concern about public safety
    12  throughout our state. In response, the legislature  seeks  to  create  a
    13  system that balances reasonable fairness for criminal defendants and the
    14  need to protect the public from dangerous offenders. This proposal would
    15  create  a risk assessment instrument to determine the danger an individ-
    16  ual poses to themselves and the community.  By  using  this  instrument,
    17  courts  can  make  decisions  regarding remand which are unrelated to an
    18  individual's ability to afford bail, accomplishing the stated  goals  of
    19  previous  reforms  while  also  ensuring  public  safety.  This proposal
    20  further addresses the threat posed by repeat offenders by ensuring  that
    21  individuals  arrested  for  a  new  serious offense after being released
    22  remain in custody pending trial. We also find that it  is  crucial  that

         EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                              [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                                   LBD04400-02-5
        S. 2282                             2

     1  individuals  with  serious  mental  illnesses  are quickly evaluated and
     2  provided treatment rather than  being  incarcerated  without  access  to
     3  necessary  support.  Accordingly,  this  proposal  encourages  courts to
     4  utilize  existing  statute to refer individuals in need of mental health
     5  treatment to the appropriate venue.
     6    § 2. Short title. This act shall be known and  may  be  cited  as  the
     7  "pretrial  risk  overview  for threat evaluation, custody, and treatment
     8  (PROTECT) act".
     9    § 3. The executive law is amended by adding a  new  section  845-f  to
    10  read as follows:
    11    § 845-F RISK  ASSESSMENT  INSTRUMENT.  1.  THE DIVISION SHALL CREATE A
    12  RISK ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT TO BE USED BY ALL COURTS IN THE STATE TO  AID
    13  JUDGES  IN  DETERMINING  WHETHER TO RELEASE OR DETAIN A PRINCIPAL, WHERE
    14  AND WHEN RELEASE IS APPROPRIATE, AND, WHERE APPLICABLE, NECESSARY CONDI-
    15  TIONS THAT SHOULD BE IMPOSED AS PART OF SUCH  RELEASE.  SUCH  INSTRUMENT
    16  SHALL  BE DEVELOPED BASED ON EMPIRICAL DATA AND RISK FACTORS RELEVANT TO
    17  THE DANGER THAT THE PRINCIPAL POSES TO THEMSELF, ANOTHER PERSON, OR  THE
    18  COMMUNITY AS A WHOLE, AND THE LIKELIHOOD THAT SUCH PRINCIPAL MAY ATTEMPT
    19  TO  EVADE  OR  OBSTRUCT  THE  CRIMINAL  JUSTICE PROCESS. SUCH TOOL SHALL
    20  INCORPORATE THE FOLLOWING FACTORS, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO:
    21    (A) THE NATURE OF THE CHARGE AND WHETHER IT  INVOLVES  ALLEGATIONS  OF
    22  CAUSING OR THREATENING HARM TO ANOTHER PERSON OR PERSONS;
    23    (B)  THE  PRINCIPAL'S  CRIMINAL  HISTORY,  WITH  EMPHASIS  ON PREVIOUS
    24  CONVICTIONS FOR VIOLENT FELONIES, ESCAPE, BAIL JUMPING, WITNESS  TAMPER-
    25  ING  AND  WITNESS  INTIMIDATION, AND ANY HISTORY OF FAILING TO APPEAR IN
    26  COURT OR FAILING TO COMPLY WITH  COURT  ORDERS.  SUCH  CRIMINAL  HISTORY
    27  SHALL  INCLUDE,  BUT  NOT  BE LIMITED TO, CRIMINAL CONVICTIONS, JUVENILE
    28  DELINQUENT AND YOUTHFUL OFFENDER ADJUDICATIONS;
    29    (C) THE PRINCIPAL'S HISTORY OF USE OR POSSESSION OF FIREARMS OR ACCESS
    30  TO DEADLY WEAPONS OR DANGEROUS INSTRUMENTS, AS DEFINED IN SECTION  10.00
    31  OF THE PENAL LAW;
    32    (D)  THE  PRINCIPAL'S KNOWN ASSOCIATIONS WITH CRIMINAL STREET GANGS AS
    33  DEFINED IN SECTION 10-170 OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF THE CITY OF  NEW
    34  YORK OR A CRIMINAL ENTERPRISE, AS DEFINED IN SECTION 460.10 OF THE PENAL
    35  LAW;
    36    (E) ANY HISTORY OF THREATS OR INTIMIDATION TO WITNESSES IN PRIOR CRIM-
    37  INAL PROCEEDINGS; AND
    38    (F)  THE  EXTENT  OF  THE  PRINCIPAL'S HISTORY WITHIN THE JURISDICTION
    39  WHERE THE CRIMINAL CHARGES ARE PENDING, AND THE EXTENT OF TIES,  INCLUD-
    40  ING FAMILY TIES, OUTSIDE THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
    41    2.  NOTHING  IN THIS SECTION SHALL PROHIBIT THE DIVISION FROM INCORPO-
    42  RATING ANY OTHER FACTORS WHICH MAY AID IN DETERMINING WHETHER A  PRINCI-
    43  PAL POSES A RISK OF FLIGHT OR A SAFETY RISK.
    44    3.  SUCH  INSTRUMENT  SHALL  INCLUDE  A RECOMMENDATION AS TO WHETHER A
    45  PRINCIPAL SHOULD BE DETAINED, RELEASED ON BAIL, OR RELEASED ON NON-MONE-
    46  TARY CONDITIONS AS WELL AS A RECOMMENDATION  AS  TO  WHICH  NON-MONETARY
    47  CONDITIONS SHOULD BE IMPOSED.
    48    §  4.  The  criminal  procedure law is amended by adding a new section
    49  510.16 to read as follows:
    50  § 510.16 COMPLETION OF RISK ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT.
    51    1. THE COURT SHALL ORDER THE COMPLETION OF A RISK  ASSESSMENT  INSTRU-
    52  MENT  CREATED  BY  THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES PURSUANT TO
    53  SECTION EIGHT HUNDRED FORTY-SEVEN-F OF THE EXECUTIVE LAW FOR ALL PRINCI-
    54  PALS WHO ARE CHARGED WITH A FELONY OR CLASS A MISDEMEANOR. ONCE A  PRIN-
    55  CIPAL  IS  ARRAIGNED ON A FELONY OR CLASS A MISDEMEANOR, THE COURT SHALL
    56  DIRECT THE APPLICABLE  PRETRIAL  SERVICES  AGENCY  TO  COMPLETE  A  RISK
        S. 2282                             3

     1  ASSESSMENT  INSTRUMENT. THE COURT SHALL ORDER THE DETENTION OF A PRINCI-
     2  PAL PENDING THE COMPLETION OF SUCH RISK ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT.    ABSENT
     3  EXTRAORDINARY   CIRCUMSTANCES,  THE  COURT  SHALL  MAKE  A  DECISION  ON
     4  DETENTION WITHIN FORTY-EIGHT HOURS.
     5    2. NO COURT MAY RELEASE A PRINCIPAL CHARGED WITH A FELONY OR A CLASS A
     6  MISDEMEANOR  UNLESS  AND  UNTIL  IT HAS HAD AN OPPORTUNITY TO REVIEW AND
     7  CONSIDER A COMPLETED RISK ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT.
     8    § 5. Subdivision 1 of section 510.10 of the criminal procedure law, as
     9  amended by section 1 of subpart C of part UU of chapter 56 of  the  laws
    10  of  2022,  the opening paragraph as amended by section 2 of subpart A of
    11  part VV of chapter 56 of the  laws  of  2023,  is  amended  to  read  as
    12  follows:
    13    1.  When  a  principal,  whose  future  court attendance at a criminal
    14  action or proceeding is or may be required, comes under the control of a
    15  court, such court shall impose a securing order in accordance with  this
    16  title.    Except  as  otherwise required by law, the court shall make an
    17  individualized determination as to whether the principal poses a risk of
    18  flight to avoid prosecution AND/OR A RISK TO THE SAFETY AND SECURITY  OF
    19  THE COMMUNITY, THEMSELF, OR ANOTHER PERSON, consider the kind and degree
    20  of control or restriction necessary to reasonably assure the principal's
    21  return  to court, and select a securing order consistent with its deter-
    22  mination under this subdivision. The court shall explain the  basis  for
    23  its  determination  and its choice of securing order on the record or in
    24  writing. In making a determination under  this  subdivision,  the  court
    25  must  consider and take into account THE RISK ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT, THE
    26  RECOMMENDATION OF THE PRETRIAL SERVICES AGENCIES, THE ARGUMENTS  OF  THE
    27  PROSECUTOR  AND PRINCIPAL AND available information about the principal,
    28  including:
    29    (a) The principal's CHARACTER, REPUTATION, HABITS,  MENTAL  CONDITION,
    30  activities and history;
    31    (b)  If the principal is a defendant, the charges facing the principal
    32  AND THE WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE AGAINST SUCH  PRINCIPAL  IN  THE  PENDING
    33  CRIMINAL ACTION;
    34    (c) The principal's criminal conviction record if any;
    35    (d)  The  principal's  record  of  previous adjudication as a juvenile
    36  delinquent, as retained pursuant to section 354.1 of  the  family  court
    37  act,  or,  of  pending cases where fingerprints are retained pursuant to
    38  section 306.1 of such act, or a youthful offender, if any;
    39    (e) The principal's previous record with respect to  flight  to  avoid
    40  criminal prosecution AND LACK OF COMPLIANCE WITH COURT ORDERS;
    41    (f) [If monetary bail is authorized, according to the restrictions set
    42  forth in this title, the principal's individual financial circumstances,
    43  and,  in cases where bail is authorized, the principal's ability to post
    44  bail without posing undue hardship, as well as his  or  her  ability  to
    45  obtain a secured, unsecured, or partially secured bond;
    46    (g)]  Any  violation by the principal of an order of protection issued
    47  by any court;
    48    [(h)] (G) The principal's history of use or possession of a firearm;
    49    [(i)] (H) Whether the charge is alleged to have caused serious harm to
    50  an individual or group of individuals; [and
    51    (j)] (I) If the principal is a defendant, in the case of  an  applica-
    52  tion  for a securing order pending appeal, the merit or lack of merit of
    53  the appeal[.];
    54    (J) WHETHER THE PRINCIPAL HAS ANY  KNOWN  ASSOCIATIONS  WITH  CRIMINAL
    55  STREET GANGS OR CRIMINAL ENTERPRISES;
        S. 2282                             4

     1    (K)  THE PRINCIPAL'S TIES TO THE JURISDICTION WHERE THE COURT SITS AND
     2  WHETHER THE PRINCIPAL HAS ANY TIES OUTSIDE THE STATE OF NEW YORK; AND
     3    (L)  THE  CHARGES  FACING THE PRINCIPAL AND THE WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE
     4  AGAINST SUCH PRINCIPAL IN THE PENDING CRIMINAL ACTION.
     5    § 6. Subdivision 4 of section 510.10 of the criminal procedure law  is
     6  REPEALED and two new subdivisions 4 and 7 are added to read as follows:
     7    4. WHERE A PRINCIPAL IS ARRESTED ON A NEW OFFENSE OF A FELONY OR CLASS
     8  A MISDEMEANOR WHICH WAS COMMITTED AFTER BEING RELEASED PENDING TRIAL, OR
     9  BEING  ISSUED AN APPEARANCE TICKET, SUCH PRINCIPAL SHALL BE COMMITTED TO
    10  THE CUSTODY OF THE SHERIFF UNTIL APPEARING BEFORE A JUDGE  FOR  ARRAIGN-
    11  MENT.  UPON  ARRAIGNMENT,  THE  COURT  SHALL REMAND THE PRINCIPAL TO THE
    12  CUSTODY OF THE SHERIFF UNLESS AND UNTIL THE JUDGE, AFTER  REVIEWING  ALL
    13  RELEVANT  INFORMATION,  INCLUDING THE RISK ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT CREATED
    14  PURSUANT TO SECTION 510.16 OF THIS TITLE, DETERMINES THAT THE RISK  THAT
    15  THE  PRINCIPAL  WILL REOFFEND HAS BEEN MITIGATED WITH APPROPRIATE CONDI-
    16  TIONS OF RELEASE. SHOULD THE COURT DETERMINE THAT SUCH  RISK  CANNOT  BE
    17  MITIGATED  WITH  ANY  REASONABLE  CONDITIONS OF RELEASE, THE COURT SHALL
    18  ORDER THAT THE PRINCIPAL REMAIN IN THE CUSTODY OF THE SHERIFF DURING THE
    19  PENDENCY OF THE PROCEEDING.
    20    7. NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL PROHIBIT  THE  COURT  FROM  DIRECTING
    21  THAT A DEFENDANT WHO PRESENTS AN IMMEDIATE RISK OF SERIOUS HARM TO THEM-
    22  SELF OR OTHERS BE TRANSPORTED TO A HOSPITAL FOR A PSYCHIATRIC ASSESSMENT
    23  AND  APPROPRIATE  TREATMENT  PURSUANT  TO  PARAGRAPH  (B) OF SUBDIVISION
    24  THREE-C OF SECTION 500.10 OF THIS TITLE.
    25    § 7. Subdivision 5 of section 510.10 of the criminal procedure law, as
    26  added by section 2 of part JJJ of chapter 59 of the  laws  of  2019,  is
    27  amended to read as follows:
    28    5.  Notwithstanding the provisions of [subdivisions] SUBDIVISION three
    29  [and four] of this section, with respect to any charge for which bail or
    30  remand is not ordered, and for which the court would not  or  could  not
    31  otherwise  require bail or remand, a defendant may, at any time, request
    32  that the court set bail in a nominal amount requested by  the  defendant
    33  in  the  form  specified  in paragraph (a) of subdivision one of section
    34  520.10 of this title; if the court is  satisfied  that  the  request  is
    35  voluntary, the court shall set such bail in such amount.
    36    §  8. Subparagraphs (ix), (x) and (xi) of paragraph (b) of subdivision
    37  1 of section 150.20 of the criminal procedure law, as added by section 1
    38  of subpart B of part UU of chapter 56 of the laws of 2022,  are  amended
    39  to read as follows:
    40    (ix)  the  person  is  eighteen years of age or older and charged with
    41  criminal possession of a weapon on school grounds as defined in  section
    42  265.01-a of the penal law; OR
    43    (x)  the  person  is eighteen years of age or older and charged with a
    44  hate crime as defined in section 485.05 of the penal law[; or
    45    (xi) the offense is a qualifying offense pursuant to paragraph (t)  of
    46  subdivision four of section 510.10 of this chapter, or pursuant to para-
    47  graph (t) of subdivision four of section 530.40 of this chapter].
    48    § 9. Subdivision 1 of section 530.20 of the criminal procedure law, as
    49  amended  by  section  16  of part JJJ of chapter 59 of the laws of 2019,
    50  paragraph (a) and the opening paragraph of paragraph (b) as  amended  by
    51  section  6  of  subpart  A of part VV of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023,
    52  paragraph (b) as amended by section 3 of part UU of chapter  56  of  the
    53  laws  of  2020, subparagraphs (xix) and (xx) of paragraph (b) as amended
    54  and subparagraph (xxi) of paragraph (b) as added by section 4 of subpart
    55  C of part UU of chapter 56 of the laws of 2022, is amended  to  read  as
    56  follows:
        S. 2282                             5

     1    1.  (a)  [In  cases  other  than as described in paragraph (b) of this
     2  subdivision, the] THE court shall release the principal pending trial on
     3  the principal's own recognizance or release the principal pending  trial
     4  under non-monetary conditions, the determination for which shall be made
     5  in  accordance with subdivision one of section 510.10 of this title. The
     6  court shall explain the basis for its determination and choice of secur-
     7  ing order on the record or in writing.
     8    (b) [Where the principal stands charged with a qualifying offense, the
     9  court, unless otherwise prohibited by law, may in its discretion release
    10  the principal pending trial on the principal's own recognizance or under
    11  non-monetary conditions, fix  bail,  order  non-monetary  conditions  in
    12  conjunction  with fixing bail, or, where the defendant is charged with a
    13  qualifying offense which is a felony, the court may commit the principal
    14  to the custody of the sheriff. The court shall  explain  its  choice  of
    15  securing  order  on the record or in writing. A principal stands charged
    16  with a qualifying offense when he or she stands charged with:
    17    (i) a felony enumerated in section 70.02 of the penal law, other  than
    18  robbery  in  the  second degree as defined in subdivision one of section
    19  160.10 of the penal law, provided, however, that burglary in the  second
    20  degree  as defined in subdivision two of section 140.25 of the penal law
    21  shall be a qualifying offense only where the defendant is  charged  with
    22  entering the living area of the dwelling;
    23    (ii)  a  crime  involving witness intimidation under section 215.15 of
    24  the penal law;
    25    (iii) a crime involving witness tampering under section 215.11, 215.12
    26  or 215.13 of the penal law;
    27    (iv) a class A felony defined in the penal  law,  provided,  that  for
    28  class  A  felonies  under  article  two hundred twenty of such law, only
    29  class A-I felonies shall be a qualifying offense;
    30    (v) a sex trafficking offense defined in section 230.34 or 230.34-a of
    31  the penal law, or a felony sex offense defined in section 70.80  of  the
    32  penal  law  or  a  crime  involving incest as defined in section 255.25,
    33  255.26 or 255.27 of such law, or a misdemeanor defined  in  article  one
    34  hundred thirty of such law;
    35    (vi)  conspiracy  in the second degree as defined in section 105.15 of
    36  the penal law, where the underlying allegation of such  charge  is  that
    37  the  defendant  conspired  to commit a class A felony defined in article
    38  one hundred twenty-five of the penal law;
    39    (vii) money laundering in support of terrorism in the first degree  as
    40  defined  in section 470.24 of the penal law; money laundering in support
    41  of terrorism in the second degree as defined in section  470.23  of  the
    42  penal  law; money laundering in support of terrorism in the third degree
    43  as defined in section 470.22 of  the  penal  law;  money  laundering  in
    44  support  of  terrorism in the fourth degree as defined in section 470.21
    45  of the penal law; or a felony crime of terrorism as defined  in  article
    46  four  hundred  ninety  of the penal law, other than the crime defined in
    47  section 490.20 of such law;
    48    (viii) criminal contempt in the second degree as defined  in  subdivi-
    49  sion  three of section 215.50 of the penal law, criminal contempt in the
    50  first degree as defined in subdivision (b), (c) or (d) of section 215.51
    51  of the penal law or aggravated criminal contempt as defined  in  section
    52  215.52 of the penal law, and the underlying allegation of such charge of
    53  criminal  contempt  in the second degree, criminal contempt in the first
    54  degree or aggravated criminal contempt is that the defendant violated  a
    55  duly served order of protection where the protected party is a member of
        S. 2282                             6

     1  the  defendant's  same family or household as defined in subdivision one
     2  of section 530.11 of this article;
     3    (ix)  facilitating  a  sexual performance by a child with a controlled
     4  substance or alcohol as defined in section 263.30 of the penal law,  use
     5  of  a  child in a sexual performance as defined in section 263.05 of the
     6  penal law or luring a child as defined in  subdivision  one  of  section
     7  120.70  of  the  penal law, promoting an obscene sexual performance by a
     8  child as defined in section 263.10 of the penal law or promoting a sexu-
     9  al performance by a child as defined in section 263.15 of the penal law;
    10    (x) any crime that is alleged to have  caused  the  death  of  another
    11  person;
    12    (xi) criminal obstruction of breathing or blood circulation as defined
    13  in  section  121.11 of the penal law, strangulation in the second degree
    14  as defined in section 121.12 of the penal law or  unlawful  imprisonment
    15  in  the  first degree as defined in section 135.10 of the penal law, and
    16  is alleged to have committed the offense against a member of the defend-
    17  ant's same family or household as defined in subdivision one of  section
    18  530.11 of this article;
    19    (xii)  aggravated  vehicular assault as defined in section 120.04-a of
    20  the penal law or vehicular assault in the first  degree  as  defined  in
    21  section 120.04 of the penal law;
    22    (xiii) assault in the third degree as defined in section 120.00 of the
    23  penal  law  or arson in the third degree as defined in section 150.10 of
    24  the penal law, when such crime is charged as a hate crime as defined  in
    25  section 485.05 of the penal law;
    26    (xiv)  aggravated  assault upon a person less than eleven years old as
    27  defined in section 120.12 of the penal law or criminal possession  of  a
    28  weapon  on  school  grounds  as defined in section 265.01-a of the penal
    29  law;
    30    (xv) grand larceny in the first degree as defined in section 155.42 of
    31  the penal law, enterprise corruption as defined in section 460.20 of the
    32  penal law, or money laundering in the first degree as defined in section
    33  470.20 of the penal law;
    34    (xvi) failure to register as a sex offender pursuant  to  section  one
    35  hundred  sixty-eight-t  of the correction law or endangering the welfare
    36  of a child as defined in subdivision one of section 260.10 of the  penal
    37  law,  where  the  defendant  is  required to maintain registration under
    38  article six-C of the correction law and designated a level three  offen-
    39  der  pursuant to subdivision six of section one hundred sixty-eight-l of
    40  the correction law;
    41    (xvii) a crime involving bail jumping under section 215.55, 215.56  or
    42  215.57  of  the  penal  law,  or a crime involving escaping from custody
    43  under section 205.05, 205.10 or 205.15 of the penal law;
    44    (xviii) any felony offense committed by the principal while serving  a
    45  sentence of probation or while released to post release supervision;
    46    (xix)  a  felony, where the defendant qualifies for sentencing on such
    47  charge as a persistent felony offender pursuant to section 70.10 of  the
    48  penal law;
    49    (xx)  any felony or class A misdemeanor involving harm to an identifi-
    50  able person or property, or any  charge  of  criminal  possession  of  a
    51  firearm  as  defined  in  section  265.01-b  of the penal law where such
    52  charge arose from conduct occurring while the defendant was released  on
    53  his or her own recognizance, released under conditions, or had yet to be
    54  arraigned  after the issuance of a desk appearance ticket for a separate
    55  felony or class A misdemeanor involving harm to an  identifiable  person
    56  or property, provided, however, that the prosecutor must show reasonable
        S. 2282                             7

     1  cause  to believe that the defendant committed the instant crime and any
     2  underlying crime. For the purposes of  this  subparagraph,  any  of  the
     3  underlying  crimes  need  not be a qualifying offense as defined in this
     4  subdivision.  For  the purposes of this paragraph, "harm to an identifi-
     5  able person or property" shall include but not be limited to theft of or
     6  damage to property. However, based upon a review of the facts alleged in
     7  the accusatory instrument, if the court determines that  such  theft  is
     8  negligible  and  does  not appear to be in furtherance of other criminal
     9  activity, the principal shall be released on his or her own recognizance
    10  or under appropriate non-monetary conditions; or
    11    (xxi) criminal possession of a weapon in the third degree  as  defined
    12  in subdivision three of section 265.02 of the penal law or criminal sale
    13  of a firearm to a minor as defined in section 265.16 of the penal law.
    14    (d)] Notwithstanding the provisions of [paragraphs] PARAGRAPH (a) [and
    15  (b)]  of  this subdivision, with respect to any charge for which bail or
    16  remand is not ordered, and for which the court would not  or  could  not
    17  otherwise  require bail or remand, a defendant may, at any time, request
    18  that the court set bail in a nominal amount requested by  the  defendant
    19  in  the  form  specified  in paragraph (a) of subdivision one of section
    20  520.10 of this title; if the court is  satisfied  that  the  request  is
    21  voluntary, the court shall set such bail in such amount.
    22    §  10.  Section  530.20  of  the  criminal procedure law is amended by
    23  adding two new subdivisions 3 and 4 to read as follows:
    24    3. WHERE A PRINCIPAL IS ARRESTED ON A NEW OFFENSE OF A FELONY OR CLASS
    25  A MISDEMEANOR WHICH WAS COMMITTED AFTER BEING RELEASED PENDING TRIAL, OR
    26  BEING ISSUED AN APPEARANCE TICKET, SUCH PRINCIPAL SHALL BE COMMITTED  TO
    27  THE  CUSTODY  OF THE SHERIFF UNTIL APPEARING BEFORE A JUDGE FOR ARRAIGN-
    28  MENT. UPON ARRAIGNMENT, THE COURT SHALL  REMAND  THE  PRINCIPAL  TO  THE
    29  CUSTODY  OF  THE SHERIFF UNLESS AND UNTIL THE JUDGE, AFTER REVIEWING ALL
    30  RELEVANT INFORMATION, INCLUDING THE RISK ASSESSMENT  INSTRUMENT  CREATED
    31  PURSUANT  TO SECTION 510.16 OF THIS TITLE, DETERMINES THAT THE RISK THAT
    32  THE PRINCIPAL WILL REOFFEND HAS BEEN MITIGATED WITH  APPROPRIATE  CONDI-
    33  TIONS  OF  RELEASE.  SHOULD THE COURT DETERMINE THAT SUCH RISK CANNOT BE
    34  MITIGATED WITH ANY REASONABLE CONDITIONS OF  RELEASE,  THE  COURT  SHALL
    35  ORDER THAT THE PRINCIPAL REMAIN IN THE CUSTODY OF THE SHERIFF DURING THE
    36  PENDENCY OF THE PROCEEDING.
    37    4.  NOTHING  IN  THIS  SECTION SHALL PROHIBIT THE COURT FROM DIRECTING
    38  THAT A DEFENDANT WHO PRESENTS AN IMMEDIATE RISK OF SERIOUS HARM TO THEM-
    39  SELF OR OTHERS BE TRANSPORTED TO A HOSPITAL FOR A PSYCHIATRIC ASSESSMENT
    40  AND APPROPRIATE TREATMENT  PURSUANT  TO  PARAGRAPH  (B)  OF  SUBDIVISION
    41  THREE-C OF SECTION 500.10 OF THIS TITLE.
    42    § 11. Subdivision 4 of section 530.40 of the criminal procedure law is
    43  REPEALED and two new subdivisions 4 and 8 are added to read as follows:
    44    4. WHERE A PRINCIPAL IS ARRESTED ON A NEW OFFENSE OF A FELONY OR CLASS
    45  A MISDEMEANOR WHICH WAS COMMITTED AFTER BEING RELEASED PENDING TRIAL, OR
    46  BEING  ISSUED AN APPEARANCE TICKET, SUCH PRINCIPAL SHALL BE COMMITTED TO
    47  THE CUSTODY OF THE SHERIFF UNTIL APPEARING BEFORE A JUDGE  FOR  ARRAIGN-
    48  MENT.  UPON  ARRAIGNMENT,  THE  COURT  SHALL REMAND THE PRINCIPAL TO THE
    49  CUSTODY OF THE SHERIFF UNLESS AND UNTIL THE JUDGE, AFTER  REVIEWING  ALL
    50  RELEVANT  INFORMATION,  INCLUDING THE RISK ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT CREATED
    51  PURSUANT TO SECTION 510.16 OF THIS TITLE, DETERMINES THAT THE RISK  THAT
    52  THE  PRINCIPAL  WILL REOFFEND HAS BEEN MITIGATED WITH APPROPRIATE CONDI-
    53  TIONS OF RELEASE. SHOULD THE COURT DETERMINE THAT SUCH  RISK  CANNOT  BE
    54  MITIGATED  WITH  ANY  REASONABLE  CONDITIONS OF RELEASE, THE COURT SHALL
    55  ORDER THAT THE PRINCIPAL REMAIN IN THE CUSTODY OF THE SHERIFF DURING THE
    56  PENDENCY OF THE PROCEEDING.
        S. 2282                             8

     1    8. NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL PROHIBIT  THE  COURT  FROM  DIRECTING
     2  THAT A DEFENDANT WHO PRESENTS AN IMMEDIATE RISK OF SERIOUS HARM TO THEM-
     3  SELF OR OTHERS BE TRANSPORTED TO A HOSPITAL FOR A PSYCHIATRIC ASSESSMENT
     4  AND  APPROPRIATE  TREATMENT  PURSUANT  TO  PARAGRAPH  (B) OF SUBDIVISION
     5  THREE-C OF SECTION 500.10 OF THIS TITLE.
     6    § 12. Subdivisions 5, 6 and 7 of section 530.40 of the criminal proce-
     7  dure  law, subdivision 5 as added and subdivisions 6 and 7 as amended by
     8  section 18 of part JJJ of chapter 59 of the laws of 2019, are amended to
     9  read as follows:
    10    5. Notwithstanding the provisions of [subdivisions] SUBDIVISION  three
    11  [and four] of this section, with respect to any charge for which bail or
    12  remand  is  not  ordered, and for which the court would not or could not
    13  otherwise require bail or remand, a defendant may, at any time,  request
    14  that  the  court set bail in a nominal amount requested by the defendant
    15  in the form specified in paragraph (a) of  subdivision  one  of  section
    16  520.10  of  this  title;  if  the court is satisfied that the request is
    17  voluntary, the court shall set such bail in such amount.
    18    6. Notwithstanding the provisions of  subdivisions  two[,]  AND  three
    19  [and four] of this section, a superior court may not order recognizance,
    20  release  under  non-monetary  conditions  or, where authorized, bail, or
    21  permit a defendant to remain at liberty pursuant to an  existing  order,
    22  after  the  defendant has been convicted of either: (a) a class A felony
    23  or (b) any class B or class C felony as defined in article  one  hundred
    24  thirty  of  the  penal  law  committed or attempted to be committed by a
    25  person eighteen years of age or older against a person less  than  eigh-
    26  teen  years  of  age. In either case the court must commit or remand the
    27  defendant to the custody of the sheriff.
    28    7. Notwithstanding the provisions of  subdivisions  two[,]  AND  three
    29  [and four] of this section, a superior court may not order recognizance,
    30  release  under  non-monetary  conditions or, where authorized, bail when
    31  the defendant is charged with a felony unless  and  until  the  district
    32  attorney has had an opportunity to be heard in the matter and such court
    33  and  counsel  for  the  defendant  have  been furnished with a report as
    34  described in subparagraph (ii) of paragraph (b) of  subdivision  two  of
    35  section 530.20 of this article.
    36    §  13. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, that
    37  the provisions of sections four, five, six,  seven,  eight,  nine,  ten,
    38  eleven and twelve of this act shall take effect on the one hundred twen-
    39  tieth day after it shall have become a law.