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HB2818 • 2026

Firearms; clarifying scope of and exception to certain unlawful act; emergency.

Firearms; clarifying scope of and exception to certain unlawful act; emergency.

Firearms
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Steagall
Last action
2025-05-15
Official status
Approved by Governor 05/14/2025
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

Using official source text because the generated explanation was unavailable or could not be confirmed against the official bill text.

Firearms; clarifying scope of and exception to certain unlawful act; emergency.

Firearms; clarifying scope of and exception to certain unlawful act; emergency.

What This Bill Does

  • Firearms; clarifying scope of and exception to certain unlawful act; emergency.
  • Bill Summaries/Fiscal Impact for HB 2818 (House): Introduced (2/21/2025)

Limits and Unknowns

  • This entry is temporarily using official source text because the generated explanation could not be confirmed against the official bill text during the last sync.

Bill History

  1. 2025-05-15 House

    Approved by Governor 05/14/2025

  2. 2025-05-12 House

    Enrolled, signed, to Senate

  3. 2025-05-12 Senate

    Enrolled measure signed, returned to House

  4. 2025-05-12 House

    Sent to Governor

  5. 2025-05-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Pederson

  6. 2025-05-08 Senate

    General Order, Considered

  7. 2025-05-08 Senate

    Measure and Emergency passed: Ayes: 39 Nays: 7

  8. 2025-05-08 Senate

    Engrossed measure signed, returned to House

  9. 2025-05-08 House

    Referred for enrollment

  10. 2025-05-06 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Woods

  11. 2025-04-21 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Kane

  12. 2025-04-21 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Stewart

  13. 2025-04-17 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Stanley

  14. 2025-04-15 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Hilbert

  15. 2025-04-15 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Roberts

  16. 2025-04-15 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Wolfley

  17. 2025-04-15 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator McIntosh

  18. 2025-04-15 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Murdock

  19. 2025-04-15 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Hildebrant

  20. 2025-04-14 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Hays

  21. 2025-04-14 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Gillespie

  22. 2025-04-14 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Jett

  23. 2025-04-14 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Frix

  24. 2025-04-10 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Grellner

  25. 2025-04-10 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Deevers

  26. 2025-04-10 Senate

    Placed on General Order

  27. 2025-04-10 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Seifried

  28. 2025-04-10 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Olsen

  29. 2025-04-09 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Shaw

  30. 2025-04-09 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Hamilton

  31. 2025-04-09 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Williams

  32. 2025-04-09 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Standridge

  33. 2025-04-09 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Bullard

  34. 2025-04-09 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Reinhardt

  35. 2025-04-09 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Banning

  36. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Hines

  37. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Wingard

  38. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative CrosswhiteHader

  39. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Jenkins

  40. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Reported Do Pass Public Safety committee; CR filed

  41. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Guthrie

  42. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Grego

  43. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Hardin

  44. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Marti

  45. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Turner

  46. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Bergstrom

  47. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Alvord

  48. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Burns

  49. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Prieto

  50. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Bashore

  51. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Pfeiffer

  52. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative West (Kevin)

  53. 2025-04-08 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Sacchieri

  54. 2025-04-01 Senate

    Second Reading referred to Public Safety

  55. 2025-03-26 House

    Engrossed, signed, to Senate

  56. 2025-03-26 Senate

    First Reading

  57. 2025-03-26 Senate

    Coauthored by Representative Woolley

  58. 2025-03-25 House

    General Order

  59. 2025-03-25 House

    Coauthored by Representative(s) Kendrix

  60. 2025-03-25 House

    Third Reading, Measure and Emergency passed: Ayes: 73 Nays: 16

  61. 2025-03-25 House

    Referred for engrossment

  62. 2025-02-27 House

    CR; Do Pass Judiciary and Public Safety Oversight Committee

  63. 2025-02-27 House

    Coauthored by Representative(s) Adams

  64. 2025-02-27 House

    Authored by Senator Weaver (principal Senate author)

  65. 2025-02-19 House

    Policy recommendation to the Judiciary and Public Safety Oversight committee; Do Pass Criminal Judiciary

  66. 2025-02-04 House

    Second Reading referred to Judiciary and Public Safety Oversight

  67. 2025-02-04 House

    Referred to Criminal Judiciary

  68. 2025-02-03 House

    First Reading

  69. 2025-02-03 House

    Authored by Representative Steagall

Official Summary Text

Firearms; clarifying scope of and exception to certain unlawful act; emergency.
Bill Summaries/Fiscal Impact for HB 2818 (House): Introduced (2/21/2025)

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
An Act
ENROLLED HOUSE
BILL NO. 2818 By: Steagall, Adams, Kendrix,
Woolley, Crosswhite Hader,
Jenkins, Grego, Hardin,
Marti, Turner, Bashore,
Pfeiffer, West (Kevin),
Shaw, Williams, Banning,
Olsen, Hays, Hilbert,
Roberts, Wolfley,
Hilderbrant, and Kane of
the House

and

Weaver, Hines, Wingard,
Guthrie, Bergstrom, Alvord,
Burns, Prieto, Sacchieri,
Hamilton, Standridge,
Bullard, Reinhardt,
Grellner, Deevers,
Seifried, Gillespie, Jett,
Frix, McIntosh, Murdock,
Stanley, Stewart, Woods,
and Pederson of the Senate

An Act relating to firearms; amending 21 O.S. 2021,
Sections 1279 and 1280, which relate to pointing
firearms at others and related penalties; clarifying
scope of and exception to certain unlawful act;
deleting mandatory minimum sentencing option;
deleting handgun license revocation requirement;
amending 21 O.S. 2021, Sections 1289.16 and 1289.25,
which relate to the Oklahoma Firearms Act of 1971;
authorizing the pointing of firearms under certain
circumstances; making certain acts unlawful; deleting
administrative penalty provision; expanding
situations that allow for the use of physical or
deadly force; allowing for the defensive display of
firearms under certain circumstances; providing
exceptions; defining terms; and declaring an
emergency.

ENR. H. B. NO. 2818 Page 2
SUBJECT: Firearms

BE IT ENACTED BY THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA:

SECTION 1. AMENDATORY 21 O.S. 2021, Section 1279, is
amended to read as follows:

Section 1279.

MISDEMEANOR POINTING A FIREARM

Except for an act of self-defense, it It shall be unlawful for
any person to point any pistol firearm or any other deadly weapon
whether loaded or not, at any other person or persons. Any person
violating the provisions of this section shall, upon conviction, be
guilty of a misdemeanor punishable as provided in Section 1280 of
this title.

Any person convicted of violating the The provisions of this
section after having been issued a shall not apply to persons acting
in self-defense or to home or business owners in defense of their
private property, whether or not they possess a valid handgun
license pursuant to the provisions of the Oklahoma Self-Defense Act
may be subject to an administrative violation as provided in Section
1280 of this title.

SECTION 2. AMENDATORY 21 O.S. 2021, Section 1280, is
amended to read as follows:

Section 1280.

PENALTY FOR 1279

Any person violating the provisions of Section 1279 of this
title shall, upon conviction, be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable
by a fine of not less than One Hundred Dollars ($100.00) nor more
than One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00) and shall be imprisoned in the
county jail for a period of not less than three (3) nor more than
twelve (12) months. Any person convicted of violating the
provisions of Section 1279 of this title after having been issued a
handgun license pursuant to the provisions of the Oklahoma Self-
Defense Act shall have the handgun license revoked and shall be
liable for an administrative fine of Fifty Dollars ($50.00) upon a
hearing and determination by the Oklahoma State Bureau of
ENR. H. B. NO. 2818 Page 3
Investigation that the person is in violation of the provisions of
this section.

SECTION 3. AMENDATORY 21 O.S. 2021, Section 1289.16, is
amended to read as follows:

Section 1289.16.

FELONY POINTING FIREARMS

Except for an act of self-defense, it A. It shall be unlawful
for any person to willfully or without lawful cause lawful to point
a shotgun, rifle or pistol, firearm, knife, or any other deadly
weapon, whether loaded or not, at any another person or persons for
the purpose of threatening or with the intention of discharging the
firearm or with any malice or for any purpose of injuring, either
through physical injury or mental or emotional intimidation or for
purposes of whimsy, humor or prank, or in anger or otherwise, but
not to include the pointing of shotguns, rifles or pistols by law:

1. A person who can legally own or possess a weapon pursuant to
the provisions of Section 1272 of this title:

a. during an act of self-defense, or

b. in defense of real or private property, whether owned,
leased, or occupied by permission of the property
owner and whether or not the person possesses a valid
handgun license issued pursuant to the Oklahoma Self-
Defense Act;

2. A person in the defensive display of a firearm or other
deadly weapon, as provided for in Section 1289.25 of this title;

3. Law enforcement authorities in the performance of their
duties, armed;

4. Armed security guards licensed by the Council on Law
Enforcement Education and Training pursuant to the Oklahoma Security
Guard and Private Investigator Act in the performance of their
duties, members;

5. Members of the state military forces in the performance of
their duties, members;

ENR. H. B. NO. 2818 Page 4
6. Members of the federal military reserve and active military
components in the performance of their duties, or any;

7. Any federal government law enforcement officer in the
performance of any duty,; or in

8. Any person during the performance of a play on stage, while
participating in a rodeo, or when participating in a television
program or on film, or in defense of any person, one's home or
property project.

B. It shall be unlawful for any person to willfully and without
lawful cause point a firearm, knife, or any other deadly weapon,
whether loaded or not, at any person or persons for the purpose of
threatening or with the intention of discharging the firearm or with
any malice or for any purpose of injuring, either through physical
injury or mental or emotional intimidation, or for purposes of
whimsy, humor, or prank, or in anger or otherwise.

C. Any person convicted of a violation of the provisions of
this section shall be punished as provided in Section 1289.17 of
this title.

Any person convicted of a violation of the provisions of this
section after having been issued a handgun license pursuant to the
Oklahoma Self-Defense Act shall have the license revoked and shall
be subject to an administrative fine of One Thousand Dollars
($1,000.00), upon a hearing and determination by the Oklahoma State
Bureau of Investigation that the person is in violation of the
provisions of this section.

SECTION 4. AMENDATORY 21 O.S. 2021, Section 1289.25, is
amended to read as follows:

Section 1289.25.

PHYSICAL OR DEADLY FORCE AGAINST INTRUDER

A. The Legislature hereby recognizes that the citizens of the
State of Oklahoma have a right to expect absolute safety within
their own homes, places of business, occupied premises, or places of
worship and have the right to establish policies regarding the
possession of weapons on property pursuant to the provisions of
Section 1290.22 of this title.

ENR. H. B. NO. 2818 Page 5
B. A person, regardless of official capacity or lack of
official capacity, within a place of worship or a person, an owner,
manager or employee of a business is presumed to have held a
reasonable fear of imminent peril of death or great bodily harm to
himself or herself or another when using defensive force that is
intended or likely to cause death or great bodily harm to another
if:

1. a. The person against whom the defensive force was used
was in the process of unlawfully and forcefully
entering, or had unlawfully and forcibly entered, a
dwelling, residence, occupied vehicle, place of
business, occupied premises, or place of worship, or
if that person had removed or was attempting to remove
another against the will of that person from the
dwelling, residence, occupied vehicle, place of
business, occupied premises, or place of worship.

b. The person who uses defensive force knew or had reason
to believe that an unlawful and forcible entry or
unlawful and forcible act on the occupied premises was
occurring or had occurred; or

2. The person who uses defensive force knew or had a reasonable
belief that the person against whom the defensive force was used
entered or was attempting to enter into a dwelling, residence,
occupied vehicle, place of business, occupied premises, or place of
worship for the purpose of committing a forcible felony, as defined
in Section 733 of this title, and that the defensive force was
necessary to prevent the commission of the forcible felony.

C. The presumption set forth in subsection B of this section
does not apply if:

1. The person against whom the defensive force is used has the
right to be in or is a lawful resident of the dwelling, residence,
or vehicle, such as an owner, lessee, or titleholder, and there is
not a protective order from domestic violence in effect or a written
pretrial supervision order of no contact against that person;

2. The person or persons sought to be removed are children or
grandchildren, or are otherwise in the lawful custody or under the
lawful guardianship of, the person against whom the defensive force
is used; or

ENR. H. B. NO. 2818 Page 6
3. The person who uses defensive force is engaged in an
unlawful activity or is using the dwelling, residence, occupied
vehicle, place of business or place of worship to further an
unlawful activity.

D. A person who is not engaged in an unlawful activity and who
is attacked in any other place where he or she has a right to be has
no duty to retreat and has the right to stand his or her ground and
meet force with force, including deadly force, if he or she
reasonably believes it is necessary to do so to prevent death or
great bodily harm to himself or herself or another or to prevent the
commission of a forcible felony.

E. A person who unlawfully and by force enters or attempts to
enter the dwelling, residence, occupied vehicle of another person,
place of business, occupied premises, or place of worship is
presumed to be doing so with the intent to commit an unlawful act
involving force or violence.

F. A person who uses defensive force, as permitted pursuant to
the provisions of subsections A, B, D and E of this section, is
justified in using such defensive force and is immune from and shall
not be subject to criminal prosecution and civil action for the use
of such defensive force. As used in this subsection, the term
"criminal prosecution" includes charging or prosecuting the
defendant.

G. A law enforcement agency may use standard procedures for
investigating the use of defensive force, but the law enforcement
agency may not arrest the person for using defensive force unless it
determines that there is probable cause that the defensive force
that was used was unlawful.

H. The court shall award reasonable attorney fees, court costs,
compensation for loss of income, and all expenses incurred by the
defendant in defense of any civil action brought by a plaintiff if
the court finds that the defendant is immune from and not subject to
prosecution as provided in subsection F of this section.

I. The provisions of this section and the provisions of the
Oklahoma Self-Defense Act shall not be construed to require any
person using a weapon pursuant to the provisions of this section to
be licensed in any manner.

ENR. H. B. NO. 2818 Page 7
J. A person pointing a weapon at a perpetrator in self-defense
or in order to thwart, stop or deter a forcible felony or attempted
forcible felony shall not be deemed guilty of committing a criminal
act.

K. 1. The defensive display of a firearm or other deadly
weapon by a person is justified when and to the extent a reasonable
person believes that physical force is immediately necessary to
protect himself, herself, or another person against the use or
attempted use of unlawful physical or deadly force by a person,
premises owner or controller in self-defense, or in defense of real
or private property, located on any premises, owned, rented, leased,
or occupied by permission of the premises owner or controller,
whether or not a person is in possession of a valid handgun license
issued pursuant to the provisions of the Oklahoma Self-Defense Act,
and shall not be deemed a criminal act.

2. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to a
person who:

a. intentionally provokes another person to use or
attempt to use unlawful physical or deadly force, or

b. uses a firearm during the commission of an unlawful
act involving force or violence.

3. The provisions of this subsection do not require the
defensive display of a firearm or any other deadly weapon before the
use of defensive force or the threat of defensive force by a person
who is justified in the use or threatened use of defensive force.

4. For purposes of this subsection, "defensive display of a
firearm" includes, but is not limited to:

a. verbally informing another person that the person
possesses or has available a firearm or any other
deadly weapon,

b. exposing or displaying a firearm or any other deadly
weapon in a manner that a reasonable person would
understand was meant to protect the person against the
use or attempted use by another of unlawful physical
or deadly force, or

ENR. H. B. NO. 2818 Page 8
c. placing the hand of the person on a firearm or any
other deadly weapon while the firearm is contained in
a pocket, purse, holster, sling scabbard, case or
other means of containment or transport.

L. As used in this section:

1. "Defensive force" includes, but shall not be limited to,
pointing a weapon at a perpetrator in self-defense or in order to
thwart, stop or deter a forcible felony or attempted forcible
felony;

2. "Dwelling" means a building or conveyance of any kind,
including any attached porch, whether the building or conveyance is
temporary or permanent, mobile or immobile, which has a roof over
it, including a tent, and is designed to be occupied by people;

3. "Occupied premises" means any premises occupied by an owner,
tenant, lessee, business, place of worship, liquor store, guest or
authorized user of the premises, including their agents;

4. "Place of worship" means:

a. any permanent building, structure, facility or office
space owned, leased, rented or borrowed, on a full-
time basis, when used for worship services, activities
and business of the congregation, which may include,
but not be limited to, churches, temples, synagogues
and mosques, and

b. any permanent building, structure, facility or office
space owned, leased, rented or borrowed for use on a
temporary basis, when used for worship services,
activities and business of the congregation including,
but not limited to, churches, temples, synagogues and
mosques;

4. 5. "Residence" means a dwelling in which a person resides
either temporarily or permanently or is visiting as an invited
guest; and

5. 6. "Vehicle" means a conveyance of any kind, whether or not
motorized, which is designed to transport people or property.

ENR. H. B. NO. 2818 Page 9
SECTION 5. It being immediately necessary for the preservation
of the public peace, health or safety, an emergency is hereby
declared to exist, by reason whereof this act shall take effect and
be in full force from and after its passage and approval.

ENR. H. B. NO. 2818 Page 10
Passed the House of Representatives the 25th day of March, 2025.

Presiding Officer of the House
of Representatives

Passed the Senate the 8th day of May, 2025.

Presiding Officer of the Senate

OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
Received by the Office of the Governor this ____________________
day of ___________________, 20_______, at _______ o'clock _______ M.
By: _________________________________
Approved by the Governor of the State of Oklahoma this _________
day of ___________________, 20_______, at _______ o'clock _______ M.

_________________________________
Governor of the State of Oklahoma

OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE
Received by the Office of the Secretary of State this __________
day of ___________________, 20_______, at _______ o'clock _______ M.
By: _________________________________