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HB3985 • 2026

Property; Oklahoma Safe Neighborhoods Act of 2026; requiring compensation for certain property damage; claims; effective date.

Property; Oklahoma Safe Neighborhoods Act of 2026; requiring compensation for certain property damage; claims; effective date.

Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Caldwell (Trey)
Last action
2026-05-06
Official status
Approved by Governor 05/05/2026
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

Using official source text because the generated explanation was unavailable or could not be confirmed against the official bill text.

Property; Oklahoma Safe Neighborhoods Act of 2026; requiring compensation for certain property damage; claims; effective date.

Property; Oklahoma Safe Neighborhoods Act of 2026; requiring compensation for certain property damage; claims; effective date.

What This Bill Does

  • Property; Oklahoma Safe Neighborhoods Act of 2026; requiring compensation for certain property damage; claims; effective date.
  • Bill Summaries/Fiscal Impact for HB 3985 (House): Introduced (2/10/2026) Bill Summaries/Fiscal Impact for HB 3985 (House): Proposed Policy Committee Substitute 1 (2/11/2026) Bill Summaries/Fiscal Impact for HB 3985 (House): Proposed Policy Committee Recommendation (2/25/2026) Bill Summaries/Fiscal Impact for HB 3985 (House): Committee Substitute (3/24/2026)

Limits and Unknowns

  • This entry is temporarily using official source text because the generated explanation could not be confirmed against the official bill text during the last sync.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

Plain English: Req.

  • Req.
  • No.
  • 16311 Page 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 STATE OF OKLAHOMA 2nd Session of the 60th Legislature (2026) POLICY COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION FOR HOUSE BILL NO.
  • 3985 By: Caldwell (Trey) POLICY COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION An Act relating to property; creating the Oklahoma Safe Neighborhoods Act of 2026; defining terms; providing rules for certain property owner or triple net leaseholder claims; requiring compensation for certain property damage; listing certain compensable damages; providing for compensation in lieu of claims for monetary damages; providing for how compensation should be determined; determining limits for compensation amounts; providing time period for acceptance or rejection of claims; providing procedural rules following the acceptance or rejection of claims; limiting the number of claims per year; permitting voluntary settlements; providing exceptions; providing for codification; and providing an effective date.

Plain English: HB3985 POLPCS1 Trey Caldwell-ZSL 2/11/2026 12:33:50 pm AMEND TITLE TO CONFORM TO AMENDMENTS Amendment submitted by: Trey Caldwell Adopted: _____________________________ ______________________________________ Reading Clerk COMMITTEE AMENDMENT HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES State of Oklahoma SPEAKER: CHAIR: I move to amend HB3985 Of the printed Bill Page Section Lines Of the Engrossed Bill By deleting the content of the entire measure, and by inserting in lieu thereof the following language: Req.

  • HB3985 POLPCS1 Trey Caldwell-ZSL 2/11/2026 12:33:50 pm AMEND TITLE TO CONFORM TO AMENDMENTS Amendment submitted by: Trey Caldwell Adopted: _____________________________ ______________________________________ Reading Clerk COMMITTEE AMENDMENT HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES State of Oklahoma SPEAKER: CHAIR: I move to amend HB3985 Of the printed Bill Page Section Lines Of the Engrossed Bill By deleting the content of the entire measure, and by inserting in lieu thereof the following language: Req.
  • No.
  • 16171 Page 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 STATE OF OKLAHOMA 2nd Session of the 60th Legislature (2026) PROPOSED POLICY COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE FOR HOUSE BILL NO.
  • 3985 By: Caldwell (Trey) PROPOSED POLICY COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE An Act relating to property; creating the Oklahoma Safe Neighborhoods Act of 2026; defining terms; providing rules for certain property owner or triple net leaseholder claims; requiring compensation for certain property damage; listing certain compensable damages; providing for compensation in lieu of claims for monetary damages; providing for how compensation should be determined; determining limits for compensation amounts; providing time period for acceptance or rejection of claims; providing procedural rules following the acceptance or rejection of claims; limiting the number of claims per year; permitting voluntary settlements; providing exceptions; providing for codification; and providing an effective date.

Bill History

  1. 2026-05-06 House

    Approved by Governor 05/05/2026

  2. 2026-04-30 House

    Enrolled, signed, to Senate

  3. 2026-04-30 Senate

    Enrolled measure signed, returned to House

  4. 2026-04-30 House

    Sent to Governor

  5. 2026-04-29 Senate

    General Order, Considered

  6. 2026-04-29 Senate

    Measure passed: Ayes: 30 Nays: 16

  7. 2026-04-29 Senate

    Engrossed measure signed, returned to House

  8. 2026-04-29 House

    Referred for enrollment

  9. 2026-04-20 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Standridge

  10. 2026-04-15 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Gillespie

  11. 2026-04-09 Senate

    Placed on General Order

  12. 2026-04-09 Senate

    Coauthored by Senator Stanley

  13. 2026-04-07 Senate

    Reported Do Pass Local and County Government committee; CR filed

  14. 2026-04-01 Senate

    Second Reading referred to Local and County Government

  15. 2026-03-25 House

    Engrossed, signed, to Senate

  16. 2026-03-25 Senate

    First Reading

  17. 2026-03-24 House

    General Order

  18. 2026-03-24 House

    Coauthored by Representative(s) George

  19. 2026-03-24 House

    Third Reading, Measure passed: Ayes: 77 Nays: 16

  20. 2026-03-24 House

    Referred for engrossment

  21. 2026-03-02 House

    CR; Do Pass, amended by committee substitute Government Oversight Committee

  22. 2026-03-02 House

    Coauthored by Representative(s) CrosswhiteHader

  23. 2026-02-12 House

    Policy recommendation to the Government Oversight committee; Do Pass, amended by committee substitute County and Municipal Government

  24. 2026-02-12 House

    Authored by Senator Daniels (principal Senate author)

  25. 2026-02-03 House

    Second Reading referred to Government Oversight

  26. 2026-02-03 House

    Referred to County and Municipal Government

  27. 2026-02-02 House

    First Reading

  28. 2026-02-02 House

    Authored by Representative Caldwell (Trey)

Official Summary Text

Property; Oklahoma Safe Neighborhoods Act of 2026; requiring compensation for certain property damage; claims; effective date.
Bill Summaries/Fiscal Impact for HB 3985 (House): Introduced (2/10/2026)
Bill Summaries/Fiscal Impact for HB 3985 (House): Proposed Policy Committee Substitute 1 (2/11/2026)
Bill Summaries/Fiscal Impact for HB 3985 (House): Proposed Policy Committee Recommendation (2/25/2026)
Bill Summaries/Fiscal Impact for HB 3985 (House): Committee Substitute (3/24/2026)

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
An Act
ENROLLED HOUSE
BILL NO. 3985 By: Caldwell (Trey), Crosswhite
Hader, and George of the
House

and

Daniels, Stanley,
Gillespie, and Standridge
of the Senate

An Act relating to property; creating the Oklahoma
Safe Neighborhoods Act of 2026; defining terms;
providing rules for certain property owner or triple
net leaseholder claims; requiring compensation for
certain property damage; listing certain compensable
damages; providing for compensation in lieu of claims
for monetary damages; providing for how compensation
should be determined; determining limits for
compensation amounts; providing time period for
acceptance or rejection of claims; providing
procedural rules following the acceptance or
rejection of claims; limiting the number of claims
per year; permitting voluntary settlements; providing
exceptions; providing for codification; and providing
an effective date.

SUBJECT: Property

BE IT ENACTED BY THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA:

SECTION 1. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1110 of Title 60, unless there
is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:

This act shall be known and may be cited as the "Oklahoma Safe
Neighborhoods Act of 2026".

ENR. H. B. NO. 3985 Page 2
SECTION 2. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1111 of Title 60, unless there
is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:

As used in this act:

1. "Affected government" means a city, town, or county to which
a property owner is submitting a claim provided under this act;

2. "Fair market value" means the most likely price, estimated
in terms of money, which land would bring if sold in the open
market, with reasonable time allowed in which to find a purchaser,
buying with knowledge of all the uses and purposes to which the land
is adapted and for which the land is capable;

3. "Just compensation" means, for purposes of an action of
diminution in value, the sum of money that is equal to the reduction
in fair market value of the property resulting from the adoption of
the policy, pattern, or practice or maintenance of public nuisance;
and

4. "Property owner" means either the holder of fee title to
real property, or a triple net leaseholder.

SECTION 3. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1112 of Title 60, unless there
is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:

A. Notwithstanding any other law, a property owner located in a
municipality with a population in excess of one hundred thirty
thousand (130,000) people, as determined by the most recent Federal
Decennial Census, may submit a claim for compensation in an amount
determined pursuant to subsection B of this section if an affected
government in which the real property is located adopts and follows
a policy, pattern, or practice of declining to enforce existing
laws, ordinances, or other legislation prohibiting illegal public
camping, obstructing public thoroughfares, loitering, panhandling,
public urination or defecation, public consumption of alcoholic
beverages, possession or use of illegal substances, or shoplifting,
or if the affected government in which the real property is located
maintains a public nuisance, and either of the following occurs:

1. The property owner incurs documented expenses to mitigate
the effects of such policy, pattern, practice, or public nuisance on
the property owner's real property; or
ENR. H. B. NO. 3985 Page 3

2. The fair market value of the property owner's private real
property is reduced by such policy, pattern, practice, or public
nuisance.

B. The amount of compensation to which the property owner is
entitled shall be, at the property owner's election, equal to
either:

1. The documented expenses incurred by the property owner that
were reasonably necessary to mitigate the effects of the policy,
pattern, practice, or public nuisance on the property owner's real
property; or

2. The reduction in fair market value of the property resulting
from the government policy, pattern, practice, or public nuisance.

C. The compensation allowed under this section:

1. Is in lieu of any claim for monetary damages; and

2. May not exceed the amount the property owner paid in the
prior tax year in primary property taxes to the affected government.

If the total amount of compensation determined pursuant to
subsection B of this section is more than the amount the property
owner paid in the prior tax year in primary property taxes to the
affected government and the claim is accepted, the affected
government shall pay the full amount of the primary property tax
back to the property owner. The property owner may submit a claim
for the remaining portion of the compensation in the following and
successive tax years, until the full amount is repaid. No interest
shall accrue on the unpaid amount.

SECTION 4. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1113 of Title 60, unless there
is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:

A. Within thirty (30) days after a property owner submits a
written claim for compensation to the affected government in a
specific amount for reimbursement for mitigation expenses or just
compensation, the affected government shall accept or reject the
claim.

ENR. H. B. NO. 3985 Page 4
1. If the affected government accepts the claim, it shall pay
the amount requested to the property owner.

2. If the affected government rejects the claim or does not
respond to the claim within thirty (30) days, the property owner may
file a cause of action in the district court of the county in which
the real property is located to challenge the rejection of the
claim. The questions of whether the property owner is entitled to
the compensation and whether the amount of the claim is reasonable
are judicial questions.

B. In a cause of action filed pursuant to paragraph 2 of
subsection A of this section:

1. The affected government shall bear the burden of
demonstrating that its actions are lawful or that the amount of the
claim is unreasonable;

2. The property owner is not liable to the affected government
for attorney fees or costs; and

3. A prevailing property owner shall be awarded reasonable
attorney fees and costs.

C. No claim other than those expressly prescribed by this act
shall require submission as a prerequisite to demanding or receiving
reimbursement for mitigation expenses or just compensation pursuant
to this section.

D. A property owner may only receive one repayment per calendar
year under the provisions of Section 3 of this act.

E. If the policy, pattern, practice, or public nuisance remains
in place after the property owner submits a claim pursuant to this
section and there is demonstrable additional damage to the property,
the property owner is entitled to additional compensation under this
section in a subsequent tax year, unless the affected government and
the property owner enter into a knowing and voluntary settlement, or
the affected government ends the policy, pattern, or practice or
abates the public nuisance.

F. The remedy established by this section is in addition to any
other remedy that is provided by the laws and Constitution of
Oklahoma or the United States and is not intended to modify or
replace such remedies.
ENR. H. B. NO. 3985 Page 5

G. Nothing in this section prohibits the property owner from
entering into a knowing and voluntary settlement with the affected
government for an amount less than the property owner requested in
the claim submitted pursuant to this act.

SECTION 5. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1114 of Title 60, unless there
is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:

This act shall not apply to:

1. Decisions by city, town, or county authorities to exercise
prosecutorial discretion not to prosecute alleged offenders if such
discretion is exercised on a case-by-case basis and the
justifications for each decision are published on a monthly basis by
the city, town, or county;

2. Acts of executive clemency; or

3. Acts or omissions mandated by federal law.

SECTION 6. This act shall become effective November 1, 2026.

ENR. H. B. NO. 3985 Page 6
Passed the House of Representatives the 24th day of March, 2026.

Presiding Officer of the House
of Representatives

Passed the Senate the 29th day of April, 2026.

Presiding Officer of the Senate

OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
Received by the Office of the Governor this ____________________
day of ___________________, 20_______, at _______ o'clock _______ M.
By: _________________________________
Approved by the Governor of the State of Oklahoma this _________
day of ___________________, 20_______, at _______ o'clock _______ M.

_________________________________
Governor of the State of Oklahoma

OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE
Received by the Office of the Secretary of State this __________
day of ___________________, 20_______, at _______ o'clock _______ M.
By: _________________________________