An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, providing for connected vehicle service and remote access and tracking.

PRINTER'S NO. 1254
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF PENNSYLVANIA
SENATE BILL
No. 1044
Session of
2025
INTRODUCED BY CAPPELLETTI, FONTANA, HAYWOOD, HUGHES AND KANE,
OCTOBER 17, 2025
REFERRED TO TRANSPORTATION, OCTOBER 17, 2025
AN ACT
Amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated
Statutes, providing for connected vehicle service and remote
access and tracking.
The General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
hereby enacts as follows:
Section 1. Chapter 45 of Title 75 of the Pennsylvania
Consolidated Statutes is amended by adding a subchapter to read:
SUBCHAPTER F
CONNECTED VEHICLE SERVICE AND
REMOTE ACCESS AND TRACKING
Sec.
4591. Definitions.
4592. Connected vehicle service.
4593. Unauthorized use of electronic tracking device.
§ 4591. Definitions.
The following words and phrases when used in this subchapter
shall have the meanings given to them in this section unless the
context clearly indicates otherwise:
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"Abuse survivor." A person who has been issued a protection
order under any of the following:
(1) 23 Pa.C.S. Ch. 61 (relating to protection from
abuse).
(2) 23 Pa.C.S. Ch. 67 (relating to domestic and sexual
violence victim address confidentiality).
(3) 42 Pa.C.S. Ch. 62A (relating to protection of
victims of sexual violence or intimidation).
"Account holder." A person who is a party to or a user of
services provided under a contract for connected vehicle service
with a covered provider and includes a subscriber, customer or
registered user.
"Connected vehicle location access." A type of connected
vehicle service that allows a person who is outside of a
vehicle, excluding a covered provider or vehicle cellular data
provider, to view or track the location of the vehicle,
including a location determined by a global positioning system
or a global positioning device, whether through the Internet, an
application-based technology or any other remote wireless
connectivity technology.
"Connected vehicle service." A capability provided by or on
behalf of a vehicle manufacturer that enables a person,
excluding a covered provider or vehicle cellular data provider,
to remotely obtain data from, or send commands to, a vehicle,
which may be accomplished through a software application that is
designed to be operated on a mobile device.
"Connected vehicle service account." An account or other
means by which a person enrolls in or obtains access to
connected vehicle service.
"Connected vehicle service request." A request by a driver
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to terminate a person's access to connected vehicle service.
"Covered provider." A vehicle manufacturer or an entity
acting on behalf of the vehicle manufacturer that provides
connected vehicle service.
"Electronic tracking device." An electronic or mechanical
device that permits an individual to remotely determine or track
the position and movement of another individual or the vehicle
of another individual.
"Fleet vehicle." One or more motor vehicles:
(1) owned, leased or contracted for business or
government purposes for any of the following:
(i) An entity.
(ii) An employee of the entity.
(iii) An agent of the entity.
(iv) An individual authorized to operate the fleet
vehicle in compliance with a contract between the entity
and another party;
(2) held for lease or rental to the general public; or
(3) held for sale by a motor vehicle dealer.
§ 4592. Connected vehicle service.
(a) Connected vehicle service.--A vehicle with connected
vehicle service shall clearly indicate to a person who is inside
a vehicle when a person who is outside the vehicle has accessed
either of the following:
(1) Connected vehicle service.
(2) Connected vehicle location access.
(b) Access to connected vehicle service.--A covered provider
shall:
(1) Provide a process that includes a prominent and
clearly visible link entitled "HOW TO DISCONNECT REMOTE
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VEHICLE ACCESS" on the covered provider's publicly accessible
Internet website to complete both of the following
transactions:
(i) Submit a connected vehicle service request.
(ii) Obtain a new connected vehicle service account.
(2) Ensure that all communications under this subchapter
are clear, concise and written in accessible language so that
drivers, including abuse survivors, receive support and clear
guidance throughout the process for submitting a connected
vehicle service request or obtaining a new connected vehicle
service account.
(c) Processing of requests.--To enhance transparency and
communication, the process to submit a connected vehicle service
request or obtain a new connected vehicle service account shall
be efficient, secure, user-friendly and include all of the
following features:
(1) Upon submission of a connected vehicle service
request or request to obtain a new connected vehicle service
account, the covered provider shall automatically send a
confirmation email to the driver acknowledging the receipt of
the request. The email shall contain a reference number for
the request and an outline of the subsequent steps in the
process.
(2) Upon completing the review of the request, the
covered provider shall inform the driver of the action taken,
including, as applicable, whether a person's access to
connected vehicle service has been terminated or if
additional information or proof of legal possession of the
vehicle is needed. The alert shall clearly state any relevant
details or further actions required from the driver to
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complete a successful connected vehicle service request.
(3) If a connected vehicle service request is approved,
the covered provider shall provide the driver with a clear
explanation and guidance on how to create a driver's own
connected vehicle service account, if applicable, to ensure
that the driver can maintain control over the connected
vehicle service once another person's access to connected
vehicle service has been terminated.
(d) Legal authority to terminate access to connected vehicle
service.--Termination of access shall be in accordance with the
following:
(1) A driver shall demonstrate to a covered provider the
authority to terminate a person's access to connected vehicle
service by providing both of the following:
(i) The vehicle identification number.
(ii) Proof of legal possession of the vehicle, which
may be a legal title to the vehicle or a dissolution
decree, temporary court order or domestic violence
restraining order that awards possession or exclusive use
of the vehicle to the driver. A court order awarding sole
possession or exclusive use of a vehicle shall take
priority over a vehicle title showing joint ownership for
purposes of this subchapter.
(2) A covered provider shall not require a driver to
provide any proof of legal possession other than what is
required in paragraph (1) to establish the authority to
terminate a person's access to connected vehicle service.
(3) A covered provider shall not require a driver to
take any action to terminate a person's access to connected
vehicle service other than what is set forth in this
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subsection, including requiring any of the following:
(i) Payment of a fee, penalty or other charge to
complete a connected vehicle service request.
(ii) Maintaining or extending the term of a
connected vehicle service account.
(iii) Approval by any account holder, including the
named account holder, of the change in access.
(iv) An increase in the rate charged for the
connected vehicle service.
(4) A covered provider shall terminate a person's access
to connected vehicle service within two business days after
the date of receiving a completed request from a driver who
meets the requirements of this section.
(e) Termination of connected vehicle service.--
(1) The covered provider:
(i) If a covered provider terminated a person's
access to connected vehicle service in response to a
connected vehicle service request, shall not provide to
the person any data or information regarding the driver,
the vehicle or any new connected vehicle service account
that was generated after that person's access to the
connected vehicle service was terminated.
(ii) Shall ensure that all personal information
provided during the process to terminate a person's
access to connected vehicle service is handled with
appropriate security and privacy, adhering to relevant
data protection laws and regulations.
(iii) Along with an officer, director, employee,
vendor or agent of the covered provider, shall treat any
information submitted by a driver under this subchapter
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as confidential and shall comply with applicable privacy
laws.
(iv) Shall not share information submitted by a
driver under this subchapter with any third party without
the affirmative consent of the driver, unless sharing
that information is required to effectuate a connected
vehicle service request.
(2) Nothing in this section shall preclude a covered
provider from responding to a court order or warrant.
(3) The termination under this subchapter shall not be
deemed to impact legal ownership of a vehicle.
(f) Disabling connected vehicle location access.--
(1) If a vehicle includes connected vehicle location
access, a covered provider shall provide a mechanism that can
be used by a driver who is inside a vehicle to immediately
disable connected vehicle location access. A mechanism for
disabling connected vehicle location access shall meet all of
the following requirements:
(i) Be prominently located and easy to use.
(ii) Not require access to, or use of, a remote or
online application.
(iii) Not require account creation, a password or
login information.
(iv) Allow connected vehicle location access that
has been disabled from inside the vehicle to be enabled
only by a driver who is located inside the vehicle.
(2) A vehicle manufacturer may require a driver to input
a mobile phone number associated with the connected vehicle
service account. If a vehicle manufacturer requires a driver
to input a mobile phone number in order to disable the
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connected vehicle location access connection, the
manufacturer shall not require any further information in
order to allow the driver to disable the connection,
including using that number as part of a two-factor
authentication process that results in sending a code to the
mobile phone number.
(3) Disabling the connected vehicle location access from
inside the vehicle shall not result in an account holder of
the connected vehicle service, vehicle manufacturer or a
third-party service provider receiving a notification related
to the connected vehicle location access being disabled,
including an alert, email, text message or telephone call.
(g) Liability.--A covered provider or an officer, director,
employee, vendor or agent of a covered provider shall not be
subject to liability for any claims deriving from an action
taken in compliance with this subchapter.
(h) Exclusions.--This section does not apply to vehicles
owned or operated by a rental company.
§ 4593. Unauthorized use of electronic tracking device.
(a) Offense defined.--A person commits the offense of
unauthorized use of an electronic tracking device if the person
installs or places an electronic tracking device without
consent, or causes an electronic tracking device to be installed
or placed on or in the vehicle of another person without
consent, and uses the electronic tracking device to track the
location of the other person or the other person's vehicle
within this Commonwealth.
(b) Exceptions.--This section shall not apply to the
installation, placement or use of an electronic tracking device:
(1) By an investigative officer, law enforcement officer
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or agency, while conducting an investigation, if the officer
or agency is engaged in the lawful performance of official
duties and in accordance with other Federal and State laws.
(2) Under a court order or as part of supervision for a
pretrial diversionary program, probation or parole.
(3) Unless prohibited by court order, by the parent or
legal guardian of a minor when tracking the minor or by a
person authorized by the parent or legal guardian to serve as
a caretaker of the minor at any time when the minor is under
the caretaker's sole care, if:
(i) the parents or legal guardians are lawfully
married to each other and not separated or otherwise
living apart;
(ii) the parent or legal guardian is the sole
surviving parent or legal guardian of the minor;
(iii) the parent or legal guardian has primary
physical custody of the minor while the electronic
tracking device is installed and monitored; or
(iv) the parents or legal guardians are divorced,
separated or otherwise living apart and both consent to
the installation of and monitoring by the electronic
tracking device.
(4) By a legal authorized guardian of an incapacitated
person as defined in 20 Pa.C.S. § 5902 (relating to
definitions) or by a caregiver or family member of a senior
citizen or an adult with a disability, if a physician of the
senior citizen or adult with a disability recommends the
installation of an electronic tracking device or tracking
application to ensure the safety of the senior citizen or
adult with a disability.
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(5) By the owner, lessee or contractor of a fleet
vehicle who installs or directs the installation of the
electronic tracking device on the vehicle during the period
of ownership, lease or contract if:
(i) the electronic tracking device is removed before
the vehicle's title is transferred or the vehicle's lease
expires;
(ii) the new owner of the vehicle, in the case of a
sale; the lessor of the vehicle, in the case of an
expired lease; or the contractor, in the case of an
expired contractual arrangement, consents in writing to
the nonremoval of the electronic tracking device; or
(iii) the owner of the vehicle at the time of the
installation of the electronic traffic device was the
original manufacturer of the vehicle.
(6) By an electronic communications provider to the
extent that the installation, placement or use is disclosed
in the provider's terms of use, privacy policy or similar
document and accepted by the customer.
(7) By a person acting in good faith or on behalf of a
business entity for a legitimate business interest.
(c) Venue for unauthorized location tracking offense.--An
offense committed under subsection (a) may be deemed to have
been committed where:
(1) the information was received;
(2) the victim resides; or
(3) the property is located.
(d) Grading for unauthorized location tracking offense.--
(1) A first offense under this section constitutes a
misdemeanor of the second degree.
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(2) A second or subsequent offense under this section
constitutes a misdemeanor of the first degree.
Section 2. The addition of 75 Pa.C.S. § 4592(b), (c), (d),
(e), (f), (g) and (h) shall apply to vehicles that have
connected vehicle service.
Section 3. This act shall take effect as follows:
(1) The addition of 75 Pa.C.S. § 4592(a) shall take
effect January 1, 2028.
(2) The addition of 75 Pa.C.S. § 4592(b), (c), (d), (e),
(f), (g) and (h) shall take effect July 1, 2025.
(3) This section shall take effect immediately.
(4) The remainder of this act shall take effect in 60
days.
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