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HB0055 • 2026

Criminal Offenses

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 39; Title 40; Title 54 and Title 55, relative to criminal offenses.

Crime
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Lamberth, Pody
Last action
2025-05-15
Official status
Comp. became Pub. Ch. 409
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The official source material does not support claims about approaching law enforcement officers, transporting people in cargo areas, or prohibiting signage on infrastructure.

Criminal Offenses Act

This law adds new misdemeanor penalties for littering or trespassing with intent to intimidate others and requires individuals detained by police to provide their names when asked.

What This Bill Does

  • Adds new misdemeanor penalties for littering or trespassing upon any real or personal property of another person with the intent to unlawfully intimidate them from exercising civil rights, classified as Class A misdemeanors.
  • Requires people who are lawfully detained by police officers to provide their names when asked, unless they cannot produce physical identification. Refusing to give a name is a Class C misdemeanor.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People who litter or trespass with intent to intimidate others
  • Individuals detained or arrested by police officers

Terms To Know

Class A misdemeanor
A type of crime that is less serious than a felony but more serious than other types of misdemeanors.
Box truck
A vehicle designed for transporting property, with an enclosed cargo area connected to the passenger area.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The law does not specify what happens if someone unintentionally violates these new rules.
  • It is unclear how this act will be enforced and its impact on civil liberties remains to be seen.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

Amendment 1-0 to HB0055

Plain English: The amendment adds new provisions related to littering and trespassing with intent to intimidate, clarifies definitions of certain offenses, and establishes penalties for approaching law enforcement officers without permission.

  • Adds new subdivisions (5) and (6) under Tennessee Code Annotated Section 39-17-309(b), making it illegal to litter or trespass with the intent to intimidate someone based on their exercise of constitutional rights, punishable as a Class A misdemeanor.
  • Defines 'litters' in Section 39-17-309(f) and specifies penalties for violations under subdivisions (b)(5) and (b)(6).
  • Adds new sections allowing law enforcement to request identification from suspects based on reasonable suspicion, with penalties for providing false information.
  • Establishes a Class B misdemeanor offense for approaching within 25 feet of a law enforcement officer after being ordered to stop or retreat.
  • The amendment text is detailed and includes multiple sections that may require further context to fully understand the implications of each change.
Amendment 2-0 to HB0055

Plain English: This amendment removes a specific section from HB0055, which is about criminal offenses in Tennessee.

  • Removes SECTION 5 of HB0055.
  • The exact content and implications of the removed section are not provided, making it hard to explain further changes or impacts.
Amendment 1-0 to SB0030

Plain English: The amendment adds new provisions related to littering and trespassing with intent to intimidate others, clarifies definitions of certain offenses, and establishes penalties for approaching law enforcement officers without permission.

  • Adds new sections in the criminal code that make it illegal to litter or trespass on someone's property if the intention is to intimidate them from exercising their constitutional rights.
  • Defines 'litters' as placing garbage, refuse, or other waste material on public or private property without permission.
  • Establishes penalties for approaching law enforcement officers within 25 feet after being ordered to stop or retreat, making it a Class B misdemeanor if the officer is engaged in official duties.
  • Adds restrictions on transporting people in the cargo area of box trucks and placing signs over highways without authorization.
  • The amendment text does not specify all details about how these new provisions will be enforced or interpreted by courts.

Bill History

  1. 2025-05-15 Tennessee General Assembly

    Comp. became Pub. Ch. 409

  2. 2025-05-15 Tennessee General Assembly

    Effective date(s) 07/01/2025

  3. 2025-05-15 Tennessee General Assembly

    Pub. Ch. 409

  4. 2025-05-09 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by Governor.

  5. 2025-05-01 Tennessee General Assembly

    Transmitted to Governor for action.

  6. 2025-04-30 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by H. Speaker

  7. 2025-04-29 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by Senate Speaker

  8. 2025-04-23 Tennessee General Assembly

    Enrolled and ready for signatures

  9. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  10. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Comp. SB subst.

  11. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed H., Ayes 70, Nays 20, PNV 4

  12. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Failed to adopt (Amendment 2 - HA0521), Ayes 24, Nays 70, PNV 0

  13. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Am. withdrawn. (Amendment 1 - HA0279)

  14. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Subst. for comp. HB.

  15. 2025-04-17 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. Placed on Regular Calendar for 4/21/2025

  16. 2025-04-17 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Calendar & Rules Committee for 4/17/2025

  17. 2025-04-17 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec. for pass; ref to Calendar & Rules Committee

  18. 2025-04-17 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec. for pass by s/c ref. to Finance, Ways, and Means Committee

  19. 2025-04-16 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Finance, Ways, and Means Subcommittee for 4/17/2025

  20. 2025-04-15 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rcvd. from S., held on H. desk.

  21. 2025-04-14 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  22. 2025-04-14 Tennessee General Assembly

    Engrossed; ready for transmission to House

  23. 2025-04-14 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed Senate as amended, Ayes 30, Nays 2

  24. 2025-04-14 Tennessee General Assembly

    Senate adopted Amendment (Amendment 1 - SA0344)

  25. 2025-04-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Regular Calendar for 4/14/2025

  26. 2025-04-09 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Finance, Ways, and Means Subcommittee for 4/14/2025

  27. 2025-04-09 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed behind the budget

  28. 2025-04-08 Tennessee General Assembly

    Recommended for passage with amendment/s, refer to Senate Calendar Committee Ayes 6, Nays 2 PNV 0

  29. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Finance, Ways, and Means Subcommittee for 4/9/2025

  30. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Assigned to s/c Finance, Ways, and Means Subcommittee

  31. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec. for pass. if am., ref. to Finance, Ways, and Means Committee

  32. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 4/8/2025

  33. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action deferred in Senate Judiciary Committee to 4/8/2025

  34. 2025-04-01 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 4/2/2025

  35. 2025-04-01 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action deferred in Senate Judiciary Committee to 4/2/2025

  36. 2025-03-31 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  37. 2025-03-31 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 4/1/2025

  38. 2025-03-31 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action deferred in Senate Judiciary Committee to 4/1/2025

  39. 2025-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 4/2/2025

  40. 2025-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action def. in Judiciary Committee to 4/02/2025

  41. 2025-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 3/31/2025

  42. 2025-03-25 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action deferred in Senate Judiciary Committee to 4/1/2025

  43. 2025-03-24 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 3/25/2025

  44. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 3/26/2025

  45. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action def. in Judiciary Committee to 3/26/2025

  46. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 3/24/2025

  47. 2025-03-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 3/19/2025

  48. 2025-03-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec for pass if am by s/c ref. to Judiciary Committee

  49. 2025-03-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  50. 2025-03-05 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Criminal Justice Subcommittee for 3/12/2025

  51. 2025-01-31 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  52. 2025-01-28 Tennessee General Assembly

    Assigned to s/c Criminal Justice Subcommittee

  53. 2025-01-23 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  54. 2025-01-16 Tennessee General Assembly

    Ref. to Judiciary Committee

  55. 2025-01-15 Tennessee General Assembly

    P2C held on desk, pending appointment of Standing Committees

  56. 2025-01-15 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed on Second Consideration, refer to Senate Judiciary Committee

  57. 2025-01-14 Tennessee General Assembly

    Intro., P1C.

  58. 2025-01-14 Tennessee General Assembly

    Introduced, Passed on First Consideration

  59. 2025-01-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

  60. 2025-01-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

Official Summary Text

CIVIL RIGHTS INTIMIDATION

Present law provides that a person commits a Class D felony offense of intimidating others from exercising civil rights who does any of the following:



Injures or threatens to injure or coerces another person with the intent to unlawfully intimidate another from the free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege secured by the constitution or laws of this state.



Injures or threatens to injure or coerces another person with the intent to unlawfully intimidate another because that other exercised any right or privilege secured by the constitution or laws of the United States or the constitution or laws of this state.



Damages, destroys or defaces any real or personal property of another person with the intent to unlawfully intimidate another from the free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege secured by the constitution or laws of this state.



Damages, destroys or defaces any real or personal property of another person with the intent to unlawfully intimidate another because that other exercised any right or privilege secured by the constitution or laws of the United States or the constitution or laws of this state.

This bill adds to the above offense of intimidating others by provid
ing that a person also commits the offense of intimidating others from exercising civil rights who litters or trespasses upon any real or personal property of another person with the intent to unlawfully intimidate another from the free exercise or enjoym
e
nt of any right or privilege secured by the constitution or laws of this state, or litters or trespasses upon any real or personal property of another person with the intent to unlawfully intimidate another because that other exercised any right or privil
e
ge secured by the constitution or laws of the United States or the constitution or laws of this state. This bill classifies these violations as Class A misdemeanors. Under this bill, "litters" means places, drops, or throws garbage, refuse, rubbish, uns
o
licited flyers, or other waste material on any public or private property without permission.

OBSTRUCTION OF JUSTICE

This bill authorizes a law enforcement officer to ask a person to identify themselves if the officer has reasonable suspicion to believe
that the person has violated or is violating a state law or local ordinance. Due to the law enforcement officer's reasonable suspicion, the officer is further authorized to ask the suspect to provide the suspect's name verbally or to otherwise provide t
h
e suspect's name by other means. Under this bill, a person commits an offense who (i) refuses to give the person's name to a law enforcement officer who has lawfully detained or arrested the person and requested the information, or (ii) gives a false or
f
ictitious name to a law enforcement officer who has lawfully detained or arrested the person. This bill classifies these violations as Class D misdemeanors.

However, this bill does not prohibit a person's failure or inability to produce a physical for
m of identification or driver license to a police or peace officer requesting identification pursuant to the above provisions, if the person attempts to otherwise comply with the officer's request to provide the person's identity verbally or in any other
m
anner.

This bill creates a Class B misdemeanor for a person to intentionally approach, within 25 feet, a law enforcement officer who is lawfully engaged in the execution of the officer's official duties after the officer has ordered the person to stop
approaching or to retreat. However, under this bill, it is an affirmative defense to this offense that the lawful order by the law enforcement officer was not received or understood by the person and was not capable of being received or understood under
t
he conditions and circumstances that existed at the time of the issuance of the order.

OPERATION OF VEHICLES

This bill creates a Class B misdemeanor for a person transporting another in the cargo area of a box truck on the streets of any municipality, r
oads of any county, or the highways of this state. Under this bill, a "box truck" means a moving van or other vehicle that is manufactured with an enclosed cargo area that is connected to the passenger area with a one-piece design or attached to the chas
s
is with two-piece construction, and the cargo area (i) is designed primarily for the transportation of property, and (ii) does not have seats or safety belts designed to accommodate a passenger.

HIGHWAY OBSTRUCTION

This bill creates a Class B misdemean
or for placing a sign, signal, or marking over a highway or to affix or attach a sign, signal, or marking to a bridge, overpass, or tunnel without written authorization from the entity that maintains the highway, bridge, overpass, or tunnel.

PEACE OFFICER
S

Present law authorizes a peace officer to arrest and take a person into custody if a reasonable likelihood exists that the arrested person will fail to appear in court or the prosecution of the offense for which the person was arrested, or of another o
ffense, would thereby be jeopardized. This bill adds to this provision by authorizing the officer to arrest and take a person into custody if the officer has probable cause to believe the person committed an offense, regardless of whether the offense was

committed in the officer's presence.

CITATIONS

Present law requires an officer to note the reason for not issuing a citation on an arrest ticket whenever the officer makes a physical arrest for a misdemeanor and the officer determines that a citation cannot be issued due to any of the following reasons:



The person arrested requires medical examination or medical care, or if the person is unable to care for the person's own safety.



There is a reasonable likelihood that the offense would continue or resume, or that persons or property would be endangered by the arrested person.



The person arrested cannot or will not offer satisfactory evidence of identification, including the providing of a field-administered fingerprint or thumbprint which a peace officer may require to be affixed to any citation.



The person demands to be taken immediately before a magistrate or refuses to sign the citation.



The person arrested is so intoxicated that the person could be a danger to the person's own self or to others.



There are one or more outstanding arrest warrants for the person.



The person is subject to arrest due to laws detaining driver involved in accidents involving serious bodily injury or death if the driver does not have a valid driver license and evidence of financial responsibility.

Present law provides that an officer who, on the basis of facts reasonably known or reasonably believed to exist, determines that a citation cannot be issued because of any of the reasons enumerated above is not subject to civil or criminal liability for false arrest, false imprisonment or unlawful detention. This bill expands this provision by also providing such immunity to an officer who, on the basis of facts reasonably known or reasonably believed to exist, determines that a citation should not be issued.

ON APRIL 14, 2025, THE SENATE ADOPTED AMENDMENT #1 AND PASSED SENATE BILL 30, AS AMENDED.

AMENDMENT #1 makes the following revisions:



Removes the provision providing that a person commits
an offense who intentionally refuses to give the person's name to a law enforcement officer who has lawfully detained or arrested the person and requested the information.



Revises the provision providing that a
person's failure or inability to produce a physical form of identification or driver license to a police or peace officer requesting identification is not a violation
of giving a false or fictitious name to an law enforcement officer
if the person attempts to otherwise comply with the officer's request to provide the person's identity verbally or in any other manner
, by removing the qualifying language "
if the person attempts to otherwise comply with the officer's request to provide the person's identity verbally or in any other manner
".



Revises the provision providing that a person commits an offense who
intentionally approaches, within
25
feet a law enforcement officer

after the officer has ordered the person to stop approaching or to retreat and the officer is lawfully engaged in the execution of official duties
, by limiting such offense to when the officer
is lawfully engaged in the execution of official duties involving

(i) a lawful traffic stop
,
(ii) an active investigation of the scene of an alleged crime
,
or

(iii) an ongoing and immediate threat to public safety.



Adds that an
officer may, without a warrant, arrest a person
w
hen
the
officer has probable cause to believe a person has committed a misdemeanor, regardless of whether the offense was committed in the officer's presence.



Removes the provision providing immunity to
an officer who, on the basis of facts reasonably known or reasonably believed to exist, determines that a citation should not be issued
to, instead, provide the following:



Whenever an officer makes a physical arrest for a misdemeanor and the officer determines that a citation cannot
or should not
be issued because of one of the reasons enumerated
in law,
the officer
must
note the reason for not issuing a citation on the arrest ticket.



An officer who, on the basis of facts reasonably known or reasonably believed to exist, determines that a citation cannot
or should not
be issued because of one of the reasons enumerated in
law is not
subject to civil or criminal liability for false arrest, false imprisonment
,
or unlawful detention.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
SENATE BILL 30
By Pody

HOUSE BILL 55
By Lamberth

HB0055
000757
- 1 -

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 39;
Title 40; Title 54 and Title 55, relative to criminal
offenses.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE:
SECTION 1. Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 39-17-309(b), is amended by adding
the following new subdivisions:
(5) Litters or trespasses upon any real or personal property of another person
with the intent to unlawfully intimidate another from the free exercise or enjoyment of any
right or privilege secured by the constitution or laws of the state of Tennessee; or
(6) Litters or trespasses upon any real or personal property of another person
with the intent to unlawfully intimidate another because that other exercised any right or
privilege secured by the constitution or laws of the United States or the constitution or
laws of the state of Tennessee.
SECTION 2. Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 39-17-309, is amended by adding
the following new subsection:
( ) As used in this section, "litters" means places, drops, or throws garbage,
refuse, rubbish, unsolicited flyers, or other waste material on any public or private
property without permission.
SECTION 3. Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 39-17-309(d), is amended by
deleting the subsection and substituting:
(1) A violation of subdivisions (b)(1)–(4) is a Class D felony.
(2) A violation of subdivision (b)(5) or (6) is a Class A misdemeanor.
(3) A violation of subsection (c) is a Class A misdemeanor.

- 2 - 000757

SECTION 4. Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 39, Chapter 16, Part 6, is amended by
adding the following new section:
(a) A law enforcement officer may ask a person to identify themselves if the
officer has reasonable suspicion to believe that the person has violated or is violating a
state law or local ordinance.
(b) Pursuant to the law enforcement officer's reasonable suspicion, the officer
may ask the suspect to provide the suspect's name verbally or to otherwise provide the
suspect's name by other means.
(c) A person commits an offense who intentionally refuses to give the person's
name to a law enforcement officer who has lawfully detained or arrested the person and
requested the information.
(d) A person commits an offense who intentionally gives a false or fictitious
name to a law enforcement officer who has lawfully detained or arrested the person.
(e) A violation of subsection (c) or (d) is a Class C misdemeanor.
(f) A person's failure or inability to produce a physical form of identification or
driver license to a police or peace officer requesting identification is not a violation of
subsection (c) or (d) if the person attempts to otherwise comply with the officer's request
to provide the person's identity verbally or in any other manner.
SECTION 5. Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 39, Chapter 16, Part 6, is amended by
adding the following new section:
(a) A person commits an offense who intentionally approaches, within twenty-
five feet (25'), a law enforcement officer who is lawfully engaged in the execution of the
officer's official duties after the officer has ordered the person to stop approaching or to
retreat.

- 3 - 000757

(b) It is an affirmative defense to a violation of subsection (a) that the lawful
order was not received or understood by the person and was not capable of being
received or understood under the conditions and circumstances that existed at the time
of the issuance of the order.
(c) A violation of subsection (a) is a Class B misdemeanor.
SECTION 6. Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 55, Chapter 8, Part 2, is amended by
adding the following new section:
(a) A person commits an offense who, on the streets of any municipality, roads
of any county, or the highways of this state, transports another in the cargo area of a box
truck.
(b) A violation of subsection (a) is a Class B misdemeanor.
(c) As used in this section, "box truck" means a moving van or other vehicle that
is manufactured with an enclosed cargo area that is connected to the passenger area
with a one-piece design or attached to the chassis with two-piece construction, and the
cargo area:
(1) Is designed primarily for the transportation of property; and
(2) Does not have seats or safety belts designed to accommodate a
passenger.
SECTION 7. Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 39, Chapter 17, Part 3, is amended by
adding the following new section:
(a) It is an offense to place a sign, signal, or marking over a highway or to affix
or attach a sign, signal, or marking to a bridge, overpass, or tunnel without written
authorization from the entity that maintains the highway, bridge, overpass, or tunnel.
(b) A violation of subsection (a) is a Class B misdemeanor.

- 4 - 000757

SECTION 8. Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 40-7-118(c), is amended by adding
the following new subdivision:
(3) The peace officer has probable cause to believe the person committed an
offense, regardless of whether the offense was committed in the peace officer's
presence.
SECTION 9. Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 40-7-118(k), is amended by
redesignating the subsection as subdivision (k)(1) and adding the following:
(2) Whenever an officer makes a physical arrest for a misdemeanor and the
officer determines that a citation should not be issued as provided in subsection (c), the
officer shall note the reason for not issuing a citation on the arrest ticket. An officer who,
on the basis of facts reasonably known or reasonably believed to exist, determines that
a citation should not be issued as provided in subsection (c) shall not be subject to civil
or criminal liability for false arrest, false imprisonment, or unlawful detention.
SECTION 10. This act takes effect July 1, 2025, the public welfare requiring it.