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HB0216 • 2026

Real Property

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 29 and Title 66, relative to real property.

Children Housing
Active

The official status still shows this bill as active or still awaiting another formal step.

Sponsor
Rudd, Bailey
Last action
2025-04-04
Official status
Effective date(s) 07/01/2025
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The official source material does not specify what happens if the unauthorized occupant refuses to leave after receiving a notice to vacate.

Restoration of Commercial Property Possession

This bill creates a process for property owners or their agents to request immediate removal of unauthorized occupants from commercial properties by filing a complaint with the sheriff.

What This Bill Does

  • Creates a legal procedure allowing property owners or authorized agents to ask the sheriff to remove people who are unlawfully occupying commercial real estate.
  • Requires that the requesting person must be the owner or an agent, and the property must not be open to the public when the unauthorized entry occurred.
  • Specifies that the sheriff must verify the identity of the complainant before taking action and then serve a notice for immediate vacating to all unlawful occupants.
  • Allows the sheriff to charge fees for services rendered during this process, including standing by to keep peace while locks are changed or property is removed.
  • Provides legal protection against liability for loss or damage to personal property unless removal was wrongful.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Property owners and their authorized agents
  • Unauthorized occupants of commercial properties
  • Sheriffs and law enforcement officers

Terms To Know

Immediate family member
Includes a spouse, parent, sibling, or child.
Unlawful occupant
A person who is occupying commercial property without permission and does not have a legal right to be there.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill only applies to commercial properties, not residential ones.
  • It does not specify what happens if the sheriff cannot verify the identity of the complainant or if the unauthorized occupant refuses to leave.
  • The effectiveness and enforcement of this process will depend on local sheriffs' offices.

Bill History

  1. 2025-04-04 Tennessee General Assembly

    Effective date(s) 07/01/2025

  2. 2025-04-04 Tennessee General Assembly

    Pub. Ch. 90

  3. 2025-04-04 Tennessee General Assembly

    Comp. became Pub. Ch. 90

  4. 2025-03-28 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by Governor.

  5. 2025-03-20 Tennessee General Assembly

    Transmitted to Governor for his action.

  6. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by Senate Speaker

  7. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by H. Speaker

  8. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Enrolled; ready for sig. of H. Speaker.

  9. 2025-03-17 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed Senate, Ayes 32, Nays 0

  10. 2025-03-17 Tennessee General Assembly

    Senate substituted House Bill for companion Senate Bill.

  11. 2025-03-17 Tennessee General Assembly

    Companion House Bill substituted

  12. 2025-03-14 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Consent Calendar 2 for 3/17/2025

  13. 2025-03-13 Tennessee General Assembly

    Received from House, Passed on First Consideration

  14. 2025-03-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Engrossed; ready for transmission to Sen.

  15. 2025-03-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Recommended for passage, refer to Senate Calendar Committee

  16. 2025-03-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed H., Ayes 95, Nays 0, PNV 0

  17. 2025-03-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  18. 2025-03-06 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  19. 2025-03-06 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. Placed on Consent Calendar for 3/10/2025

  20. 2025-03-05 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Calendar & Rules Committee for 3/6/2025

  21. 2025-03-05 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  22. 2025-03-05 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec. for pass; ref to Calendar & Rules Committee

  23. 2025-03-05 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 3/11/2025

  24. 2025-02-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 3/5/2025

  25. 2025-02-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec. for pass by s/c ref. to Judiciary Committee

  26. 2025-02-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  27. 2025-02-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Civil Justice Subcommittee for 2/26/2025

  28. 2025-02-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed on Second Consideration, refer to Senate Judiciary Committee

  29. 2025-02-03 Tennessee General Assembly

    Assigned to s/c Civil Justice Subcommittee

  30. 2025-02-03 Tennessee General Assembly

    P2C, ref. to Judiciary Committee

  31. 2025-01-27 Tennessee General Assembly

    Intro., P1C.

  32. 2025-01-27 Tennessee General Assembly

    Introduced, Passed on First Consideration

  33. 2025-01-24 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

  34. 2025-01-17 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

Official Summary Text

This bill generally provides for the quick restoration of possession of commercial real property to the lawful owner when the property is being unlawfully occupied. Under this bill, a property owner, or prop
erty owner's authorized agent, may request from the sheriff of the county in which the property is located the immediate removal of any person unlawfully occupying commercial property if all of the following conditions are met:



The requesting person is the property owner or authorized agent of the property
;



The property is a commercial property, including a vacant lot that is zoned for commercial use
;



An unauthorized person has lawfully entered and remains or continues to occupy the property owner's property
;



The real property was not open to members of the public at the time the unauthorized person entered
;



The property owner has directed the unauthorized person to leave the property
;



The unauthorized person is not a current or former tenant pursuant to a rental agreement authorized by the property owner
;



The unauthorized person is not an immediate family member of the property owner
; and



There is no pending litigation related to the real property between the property owner and any known authorized person.

COMPLAINT TO REMOVE

In order to request an immediate removal of an unlawful occupant of a commercial property, this bill requires the owner or agent to submit a complaint presenting a completed and verified Complaint to Remove Persons
Unlawfully Occupying Commercial Real Property to the sheriff of the county in which the real property is located. The full text of this bill describes the language of the complaint form.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
SENATE BILL 292
By Bailey

HOUSE BILL 216
By Rudd

HB0216
000080
- 1 -

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 29
and Title 66, relative to real property.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE:
SECTION 1. Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 29, Chapter 18, Part 1, is amended by
adding the following new section:
(a) As used in this section, "immediate family member" means a spouse, parent,
sibling, or child.
(b) The intent of this section is to quickly restore possession of commercial real
property to the lawful owner of the property when the property is being unlawfully
occupied and to thereby preserve property rights while limiting the opportunity for
criminal activity.
(c) Notwithstanding this chapter to the contrary, a property owner, or the
property owner's authorized agent, may request from the sheriff of the county in which
the property is located the immediate removal of any person unlawfully occupying a
commercial property pursuant to this section if the following conditions are met:
(1) The requesting person is the property owner or authorized agent of
the property owner;
(2) The real property that is being occupied is a commercial property,
including a vacant lot that is zoned for commercial use;
(3) An unauthorized person has unlawfully entered and remains or
continues to occupy the property owner's property;

- 2 - 000080

(4) The real property was not open to members of the public at the time
the unauthorized person entered;
(5) The property owner has directed the unauthorized person to leave the
property;
(6) The unauthorized person is not a current or former tenant pursuant to
a written or oral rental agreement authorized by the property owner;
(7) The unauthorized person is not an immediate family member of the
property owner; and
(8) There is no pending litigation related to the real property between the
property owner and any known unauthorized person.
(d) To request the immediate removal of an unlawful occupant of a commercial
property, the property owner, or the property owner's authorized agent, must submit a
complaint by presenting a completed and verified Complaint to Remove Persons
Unlawfully Occupying Commercial Real Property to the sheriff of the county in which the
real property is located. The submitted complaint must be substantially in the following
form:
COMPLAINT TO REMOVE PERSONS UNLAWFULLY OCCUPYING COMMERCIAL REAL
PROPERTY
I, __________, the owner or authorized agent of the owner of the real property located
at __________, declare under the penalty of perjury that (initial each box):
1. _____I am the owner of the real property or the authorized agent of the owner
of the real property.
2. _____I purchased the property on __________.
3. _____The real property is a commercial property.

- 3 - 000080

4. _____An unauthorized person or persons have unlawfully entered and are
remaining on or occupying unlawfully the real property.
5. _____The real property was not open to members of the public at the time the
unauthorized person or persons entered.
6. _____I have directed the unauthorized person or persons to leave the real
property, but they have not done so.
7. _____The person or persons are not current or former tenants pursuant to
any valid lease authorized by the property owner, and any lease that may be produced
by an occupant is fraudulent.
8. _____The unauthorized person or persons sought to be removed are not an
owner or a co-owner of the property and have not been listed on the title to the property
unless the person or persons have engaged in title fraud.
9. _____The unauthorized person or persons are not immediate family members
of the property owner.
10. _____There is no litigation related to the real property pending between the
property owner and any person sought to be removed.
11. _____I understand that a person or persons removed from the property
pursuant to this procedure may bring a cause of action against me for any false
statements made in this complaint, or for wrongfully using this procedure, and that as a
result of such action, I may be held liable for actual damages, penalties, costs, and
reasonable attorney fees.
12. _____I am requesting the sheriff to immediately remove the unauthorized
person or persons from the commercial property.

- 4 - 000080

13. _____A copy of my valid government-issued identification is attached, or I
am an agent of the property owner and documents evidencing my authority to act on the
property owner's behalf are attached.

I HAVE READ EVERY STATEMENT MADE IN THIS PETITION AND EACH STATEMENT IS
TRUE AND CORRECT. I UNDERSTAND THAT THE STATEMENTS MADE IN THIS
PETITION ARE BEING MADE UNDER PENALTY OF PERJURY, PUNISHABLE AS
PROVIDED IN TENNESSEE CODE ANNOTATED, SECTION 39-16-702.

___________________ (Signature of Property Owner or Agent of Owner)
(e)
(1) Upon receipt of the complaint, the sheriff shall verify that the person
submitting the complaint is the record owner of the real property, or the
authorized agent of the owner, and appears otherwise entitled to relief under this
section. If verified, the sheriff shall, without delay, serve a notice to immediately
vacate on all the unlawful occupants and shall put the owner in possession of the
real property. Service may be accomplished by hand delivery of the notice to an
occupant or by posting the notice on the front door or entrance of the commercial
property.
(2) The sheriff shall attempt to verify the identities of all persons
occupying the commercial property and note the identities on the return of
service. If appropriate, the sheriff may arrest any person found in the commercial
property for trespass, outstanding warrants, or any other legal cause.
(f)

- 5 - 000080

(1) The sheriff is entitled to the same fee for service of the notice to
immediately vacate as if the sheriff were serving a writ of possession under § 29-
15-114.
(2) After the sheriff serves the notice to immediately vacate, the property
owner, or authorized agent, may request that the sheriff stand by to keep the
peace while the property owner, or agent of the owner, changes the locks and
removes the personal property of the unlawful occupants from the commercial
property to or near the property line. When such a request is made, the sheriff
may charge a reasonable hourly rate, and the person requesting the sheriff to
stand by and keep the peace is responsible for paying the reasonable hourly rate
set by the sheriff.
(3) The sheriff is not liable to the unlawful occupant or any other party for
loss, destruction, or damage of property resulting from actions taken pursuant to
this section.
(4) The property owner, or the property owner's authorized agent, is not
liable to an unlawful occupant or any other party for the loss, destruction, or
damage to the personal property resulting from actions taken pursuant to this
section unless the removal was wrongful.
(g)
(1) A person may bring a civil cause of action for wrongful removal under
this section. The court shall expedite the hearing on such a civil cause of action.
(2) A person harmed by a wrongful removal under this section may be
restored to possession of the commercial real property and may recover actual
costs and damages incurred, statutory damages equal to triple the fair market
rent of the commercial property, court costs, and reasonable attorney fees.

- 6 - 000080

(h) This section does not limit the rights of a property owner or limit the authority
of a law enforcement officer to arrest an unlawful occupant for trespassing, vandalism,
theft, or other crimes.
(i) If any conflict exists between title 66, chapter 7, and this section, then this
section controls.
SECTION 2. This act takes effect July 1, 2025, the public welfare requiring it.