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HB0307 • 2026

County Government

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 5, relative to constitutional officer duties.

Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Gillespie, Taylor
Last action
2025-04-29
Official status
Comp. became Pub. Ch. 221
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The bill does not provide detailed descriptions of all duties for each constitutional officer beyond what is necessary to define them.

County Government Officers

This bill defines and outlines the duties of five key county government positions in Tennessee for counties with charters.

What This Bill Does

  • Defines sheriff, register, county clerk, trustee, and assessor of property as constitutional officers for counties that have adopted a charter form of government.
  • Specifies that these officers' duties cannot be reduced or altered by local charter laws unless it is to increase them within state law limits.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Counties in Tennessee that have adopted a charter form of government
  • Constitutional officers like sheriffs, registers, county clerks, trustees, and assessors of property

Terms To Know

constitutional officer
An official position established by the state's constitution with specific duties.
charter form of government
A system where a county can create its own local laws and governance structure, as long as it follows state guidelines.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill does not specify how the duties of these officers will be enforced or monitored.
  • It is unclear what happens if a charter tries to change an officer's duties in a way that conflicts with this new law.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

Amendment 1-0 to HB0307

Plain English: The amendment changes Tennessee Code to include both charter and constitutional offices, and specifies detailed duties for certain county officers.

  • Replaces 'the constitutional county offices' with 'the charter or constitutional county offices' in the existing law.
  • Adds new subsection (c)(2) that lists specific duties for sheriff, register, county clerk, assessor of property, and trustee.
  • The amendment text does not specify how this change will affect current practices or responsibilities beyond detailing new duties.
Amendment 1-0 to SB0274

Plain English: The amendment changes Tennessee Code to include both charter and constitutional offices, and specifies duties for certain county officers.

  • Replaces 'the constitutional county offices' with 'the charter or constitutional county offices' in the existing law.
  • Adds detailed descriptions of duties for sheriff, register, county clerk, assessor of property, and trustee.
  • The amendment text does not specify how this change will affect current practices or responsibilities beyond what is explicitly stated.

Bill History

  1. 2025-04-29 Tennessee General Assembly

    Comp. became Pub. Ch. 221

  2. 2025-04-29 Tennessee General Assembly

    Effective date(s) 04/21/2025

  3. 2025-04-29 Tennessee General Assembly

    Pub. Ch. 221

  4. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by Governor.

  5. 2025-04-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Transmitted to Governor for action.

  6. 2025-04-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by H. Speaker

  7. 2025-04-09 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by Senate Speaker

  8. 2025-04-08 Tennessee General Assembly

    Enrolled and ready for signatures

  9. 2025-04-07 Tennessee General Assembly

    Comp. SB subst.

  10. 2025-04-07 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  11. 2025-04-07 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed H., Ayes 77, Nays 14, PNV 5

  12. 2025-04-07 Tennessee General Assembly

    Am. withdrawn. (Amendment 1 - HA0293)

  13. 2025-04-07 Tennessee General Assembly

    Subst. for comp. HB.

  14. 2025-04-03 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. Placed on Regular Calendar for 4/7/2025

  15. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Calendar & Rules Committee for 4/3/2025

  16. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec. for pass. if am., ref. to Calendar & Rules Committee

  17. 2025-03-31 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rcvd. from S., held on H. desk.

  18. 2025-03-27 Tennessee General Assembly

    Engrossed; ready for transmission to House

  19. 2025-03-27 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  20. 2025-03-27 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed Senate as amended, Ayes 27, Nays 0, PNV 1

  21. 2025-03-27 Tennessee General Assembly

    Senate adopted Amendment (Amendment 1 - SA0191)

  22. 2025-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. State & Local Government Committee for 4/2/2025

  23. 2025-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action def. in State & Local Government Committee to 4/2/2025

  24. 2025-03-25 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Regular Calendar for 3/27/2025

  25. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. State & Local Government Committee for 3/26/2025

  26. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action def. in State & Local Government Committee to 3/26/2025

  27. 2025-03-18 Tennessee General Assembly

    Recommended for passage with amendment/s, refer to Senate Calendar Committee Ayes 7, Nays 1 PNV 1

  28. 2025-03-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. State & Local Government Committee for 3/19/2025

  29. 2025-03-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action def. in State & Local Government Committee to 3/19/2025

  30. 2025-03-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate State and Local Government Committee calendar for 3/18/2025

  31. 2025-03-05 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. State & Local Government Committee for 3/12/2025

  32. 2025-03-05 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action def. in State & Local Government Committee to 3/12/2025

  33. 2025-02-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. State & Local Government Committee for 3/5/2025

  34. 2025-02-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec for pass if am by s/c ref. to State & Local Government Committee

  35. 2025-02-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Cities & Counties Subcommittee for 2/26/2025

  36. 2025-02-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Taken off notice for cal in s/c Cities & Counties Subcommittee of State & Local Government Committee

  37. 2025-02-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  38. 2025-02-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) withdrawn.

  39. 2025-02-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  40. 2025-02-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed on Second Consideration, refer to Senate State and Local Government Committee

  41. 2025-02-06 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  42. 2025-02-05 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Cities & Counties Subcommittee for 2/12/2025

  43. 2025-02-03 Tennessee General Assembly

    Assigned to s/c Cities & Counties Subcommittee

  44. 2025-02-03 Tennessee General Assembly

    P2C, ref. to State & Local Government Committee

  45. 2025-02-03 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  46. 2025-01-29 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  47. 2025-01-27 Tennessee General Assembly

    Intro., P1C.

  48. 2025-01-27 Tennessee General Assembly

    Introduced, Passed on First Consideration

  49. 2025-01-23 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

  50. 2025-01-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

Official Summary Text

This bill provides that the offices of sheriff, register, county clerk, assessor of property, and trustee are the constitutional officers of the county. Under this bill,
the duties of the sheriff, register, county clerk, trustee, and assessor of property include the following responsibilities:



The duties of the sheriff include being the chief law enforcement officer of the county. The sheriff and the sheriff's deputies are conservators of the peace and have full law enforcement jurisdiction over the sheriff's county. It is the sheriff's duty to suppress all affrays, riots, unlawful assemblies, insurrections, and all other breaches of the peace; to detect criminal activities; to arrest offenders lawfully; to provide civil and criminal warrant services; to execute civil process of law; to seek out and execute criminal warrants; to fingerprint and make records of offenders; to provide courthouse and courtroom security; and to investigate all felonious activity throughout the sheriff's county. This includes calls for service, investigation, and apprehension of those responsible for organized crime, public corruption, security for county schools, and road patrol. The sheriff is responsible for the free flow of vehicular traffic along all roads within the sheriff's county and apprehension of all offenders. The sheriff is also responsible for maintaining the county's jails, as well as those duties traditionally performed by the sheriff in accordance with common law.



The duties of the register include the filing or recordation of documents that affect the legal status of real or personal property.



The duties of the county clerk include the collection of business taxes, motor vehicle registration and licensing, the collection of wheel taxes, the issuance of marriage and other licenses, and the keeping of records of the county's notaries public.



The duties of the trustee include the collection of property taxes, the collection and disbursement of county funds, the management of the county's cash flow, and the investment of idle county funds.



The duties of the assessor of property include determining and recording the value of all property within the county, whether real, personal, or mixed, except for the property of public utilities.

ON MARCH 27, 2025, THE SENATE ADOPTED AMENDMENT #1 AND PASSED SENATE BILL 274, AS AMENDED.

AMENDMENT #1 makes the following revisions:



Clarifies that a
charter, whether existing or adopted after May 22, 2019, m
ust generally not
be interpreted or amended to alter, amend, or reduce the duties, qualifications, or privileges of the
charter or
constitutional county offices of sheriff, register, county clerk, assessor of property, or trustee in a manner inconsistent with the laws of this state
However,
a charter may increase the duties of such offices in a manner consistent with the laws of this state.
Further, t
h
e
s
e

provisions do not
affect the terms of
such

charter or
constitutional county offices
.



Revises the provision that provides that such
offices are constitutional officers of the county
to also provide that such offices may also be charter officers of the county.



Removes from the list describing the sheriff's duties the
apprehension of those responsible for
public corruption and security for county schools.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
SENATE BILL 274
By Taylor

HOUSE BILL 307
By Gillespie

HB0307
001220
- 1 -

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 5,
relative to constitutional officer duties.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE:
SECTION 1. Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 5-1-202(c), is amended by
designating the existing language as subdivision (c)(1) and adding the following as a new
subdivision (c)(2):
(2) The offices of sheriff, register, county clerk, assessor of property, and trustee
are the constitutional officers of the county, and their duties are as follows:
(A) The duties of the sheriff include, but are not limited to, being the chief
law enforcement officer of the county. The sheriff and the sheriff's deputies are
conservators of the peace and have full law enforcement jurisdiction over the
sheriff's county. It is the sheriff's duty to suppress all affrays, riots, unlawful
assemblies, insurrections, and all other breaches of the peace; to detect criminal
activities; to arrest offenders lawfully; to provide civil and criminal warrant
services; to execute civil process of law; to seek out and execute criminal
warrants; to fingerprint and make records of offenders; to provide courthouse and
courtroom security; and to investigate all felonious activity throughout the sheriff's
county. This includes, but is not limited to, calls for service, investigation, and
apprehension of those responsible for organized crime, public corruption,
security for county schools, and road patrol. The sheriff is responsible for the
free flow of vehicular traffic along all roads within the sheriff's county and
apprehension of all offenders. The sheriff is also responsible for maintaining the

- 2 - 001220

county's jails, as well as those duties traditionally performed by the sheriff in
accordance with common law;
(B) The duties of the register include, but are not limited to, the filing or
recordation of documents that affect the legal status of real or personal property;
(C) The duties of the county clerk include, but are not limited to, the
collection of business taxes, motor vehicle registration and licensing, the
collection of wheel taxes, the issuance of marriage and other licenses, and the
keeping of records of the county's notaries public;
(D) The duties of the trustee include, but are not limited to, the collection
of property taxes, the collection and disbursement of county funds, the
management of the county's cash flow, and the investment of idle county funds;
and
(E) The duties of the assessor of property include, but are not limited to,
determining and recording the value of all property within the county, whether
real, personal, or mixed, except for the property of public utilities.
SECTION 2. This act takes effect upon becoming a law, the public welfare requiring it.