Back to Tennessee

HB1097 • 2026

Local Government, General

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 4; Title 5; Title 6; Title 7; Title 8 and Title 9, relative to actions of local governments.

Active

The official status still shows this bill as active or still awaiting another formal step.

Sponsor
Sexton, Lowe
Last action
2025-05-27
Official status
Effective date(s) 07/01/2025
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The bill does not specify what happens after a local government resolves a violation, leaving this detail uncertain.

Local Government Actions Review Act

This bill requires the attorney general to investigate local government actions when requested by a member of the Tennessee General Assembly and report findings within 30 days.

What This Bill Does

  • Requires the attorney general to investigate local government actions, such as ordinances and regulations, upon request from a member of the Tennessee General Assembly.
  • The attorney general must provide a written report with findings and conclusions within 30 days after receiving the request.
  • If an action violates state law or the Constitution, the attorney general notifies the local government to resolve it within 30 days or face legal consequences.
  • For actions that may violate laws or the Constitution, the attorney general files a special court case for resolution.
  • Funds can be withheld from local governments if they do not address violations within 30 days of notification, unless withholding would violate state contracts, federal law, court judgments, or the Tennessee Constitution.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Local government entities such as counties and cities
  • Members of the Tennessee General Assembly
  • The Attorney General's office

Terms To Know

Ordinance
A local law or regulation made by a city or county.
Local government
Includes counties and cities in Tennessee.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill does not specify what happens after a local government resolves a violation.
  • Funds cannot be withheld if it would violate state contracts, federal laws, court judgments, or the Tennessee Constitution.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

Amendment 1-0 to HB1097

Plain English: This amendment allows the attorney general of Tennessee to review local government actions for compliance with state law and the Tennessee Constitution, and provides a process for resolving any violations found.

  • The attorney general can now review whether local government actions violate state laws or the Tennessee Constitution.
  • Local governments have 60 days to respond to notices from the attorney general by either fixing the violation or challenging it in court.
  • If a local government fails to resolve a violation, the attorney general may instruct state officials to withhold funds from that local government.
  • The amendment does not specify how disputes over withholding funds will be resolved if they violate existing contracts or federal law.
Amendment 1-0 to SB0845

Plain English: This amendment allows the attorney general of Tennessee to review local government actions for compliance with state law and the Tennessee Constitution, and provides a process for resolving any violations found.

  • The attorney general can now review whether local government actions violate state laws or the Tennessee Constitution.
  • Local governments have 60 days to respond to notices from the attorney general by either fixing the violation or challenging it in court.
  • If a local government fails to resolve a violation, the attorney general may instruct state officials to withhold funds from that local government.
  • The amendment does not specify how disputes over withholding funds will be resolved if they violate existing contracts or federal law requirements.
Amendment 2-0 to SB0845

Plain English: The amendment allows the attorney general of Tennessee to review local government actions for compliance with state law and the Constitution, and provides a process for resolving any violations found.

  • Adds a new section allowing the attorney general to review local government actions for compliance with state laws or the Tennessee Constitution.
  • Requires the attorney general to notify local governments if their actions are deemed non-compliant, giving them 60 days to resolve the issue or challenge it in court.
  • Specifies that if a violation is not resolved within 60 days and upheld by a court, the attorney general can instruct state officials to withhold funds from the local government until compliance is achieved.
  • The exact details of how the withholding of funds will be implemented are technical and not fully explained in this amendment text.
  • It's unclear what specific actions or policies might trigger a review by the attorney general under this new process.
Amendment 3-0 to SB0845

Plain English: The amendment allows the attorney general of Tennessee to review local government actions for compliance with state law and the Constitution, and provides a process for resolving any violations found.

  • Adds a new section in Title 4 of the Tennessee Code Annotated that gives the attorney general authority to review local government actions for compliance with state laws or the Tennessee Constitution.
  • Requires the attorney general to notify local governments if their actions are deemed to violate state law or the Constitution, and outlines steps for resolving these violations within 60 days.
  • Specifies consequences if a violation is not resolved, including potential withholding of state funds from the local government.
  • The exact details of how the attorney general will determine whether a local action violates state law or the Constitution are not specified in this amendment text.

Bill History

  1. 2025-05-27 Tennessee General Assembly

    Effective date(s) 07/01/2025

  2. 2025-05-27 Tennessee General Assembly

    Pub. Ch. 514

  3. 2025-05-27 Tennessee General Assembly

    Comp. became Pub. Ch. 514

  4. 2025-05-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by Governor.

  5. 2025-05-09 Tennessee General Assembly

    Transmitted to Governor for his action.

  6. 2025-05-08 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by Senate Speaker

  7. 2025-04-30 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by H. Speaker

  8. 2025-04-25 Tennessee General Assembly

    Enrolled; ready for sig. of H. Speaker.

  9. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Conference Committee appointed.

  10. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Conference Committee report adopted, Ayes 26, Nays 6

  11. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Conf. comm. report adopted, Ayes 74, Nays 21 PNV 0

  12. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Conf. comm. appointed (Zachary, Grills, Shaw)

  13. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. refused to recede from its non-concurrence in S. am 3

  14. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Senate refused to recede from amendment

  15. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Message Calendar 2 for 4/22/2025

  16. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  17. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. nonconcurred in S. am. no. HB1097

  18. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. Placed on Message Calendar 2 for 4/22/2025

  19. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed Senate as amended, Ayes 27, Nays 6

  20. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Amendment withdrawn. (Amendment 2 - SA0339)

  21. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Senate adopted Amendment (Amendment 3 - SA0401)

  22. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Amendment withdrawn. (Amendment 1 - SA0303)

  23. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Senate substituted House Bill for companion Senate Bill.

  24. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  25. 2025-04-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Companion House Bill substituted

  26. 2025-04-17 Tennessee General Assembly

    Received from House, Passed on First Consideration

  27. 2025-04-17 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Regular Calendar for 4/21/2025

  28. 2025-04-16 Tennessee General Assembly

    Engrossed; ready for transmission to Sen.

  29. 2025-04-16 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed H., as am., Ayes 73, Nays 24, PNV 0

  30. 2025-04-16 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  31. 2025-04-16 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. adopted am. (Amendment 1 - HA0283)

  32. 2025-04-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. Placed on Regular Calendar for 4/14/2025

  33. 2025-04-09 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Calendar & Rules Committee for 4/10/2025

  34. 2025-04-09 Tennessee General Assembly

    Recommended for passage with amendment/s, refer to Senate Calendar Committee Ayes 5, Nays 1 PNV 0

  35. 2025-04-08 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec. for pass; ref to Calendar & Rules Committee

  36. 2025-04-03 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate State and Local Government Committee calendar for 4/9/2025

  37. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. State & Local Government Committee for 4/9/2025

  38. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec. for pass. if am., ref. to State & Local Government Committee

  39. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Failed in Senate State and Local Government Committee

  40. 2025-04-01 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate State and Local Government Committee calendar for 4/2/2025

  41. 2025-04-01 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action deferred in Senate State and Local Government Committee to 4/2/2025

  42. 2025-03-27 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  43. 2025-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 4/2/2025

  44. 2025-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec for pass if am by s/c ref. to Judiciary Committee

  45. 2025-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate State and Local Government Committee calendar for 4/1/2025

  46. 2025-03-24 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  47. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Civil Justice Subcommittee for 3/26/2025

  48. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action Def. in s/c Civil Justice Subcommittee to 3/26/2025

  49. 2025-03-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Civil Justice Subcommittee for 3/19/2025

  50. 2025-02-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed on Second Consideration, refer to Senate State and Local Government Committee

  51. 2025-02-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Assigned to s/c Civil Justice Subcommittee

  52. 2025-02-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    P2C, ref. to Judiciary Committee - State Government Committee

  53. 2025-02-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Introduced, Passed on First Consideration

  54. 2025-02-06 Tennessee General Assembly

    Intro., P1C.

  55. 2025-02-05 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

  56. 2025-02-04 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

Official Summary Text

At the request of a member of the general assembly, this bill requires the attorney general to investigate an ordinance, regulation, order, or other official action adopted or taken by the chief e
xecutive officer or governing body of a local government or any written policy, written rule, or written regulation adopted by any agency, department, or other entity of the local government that the member alleges violates, or that would violate if enact
e
d or enforced, state law or the Constitution of Tennessee.

This bill requires the attorney general to make a written report of findings and conclusions as a result of the investigation within 30 days after receipt of the request and to provide a copy of
the report to the governor, the speaker of the senate, the speaker of the house of representatives, the member or members of the general assembly making the original request, and the secretary of state. If the attorney general concludes that the ordinanc
e
, regulation, order, written policy, written rule, or other action under investigation:



Violates, or would violate if enacted or enforced, a provision of state law or the Constitution of Tennessee, the attorney general must provide notice to the local government, by certified mail, of the violation and must indicate that the local government has 30 days to resolve the violation or file an action challenging the conclusion and any withholding of funds.



May violate, or would violate if enacted or enforced, a provision of state law or the Constitution of Tennessee, the attorney general must file a special action in the supreme court to resolve the issue, and the supreme court must give the action precedence over all other cases.



Does not violate any provision of state law or the Constitution of Tennessee, the attorney general must take no further action pursuant to this bill.

If the attorney general determines that the local government has failed to resolve the violation or file an action challenging the c
onclusion and any withholding of funds within 30 days of the notification, or within 30 days of the supreme court determining that the ordinance, regulation, order, written policy, written rule, or other action violates, or would violate if enacted or enf
o
rced, a provision of state law or the Constitution of Tennessee, then this bill requires the attorney general to do the following:



Notify the appropriate state officials who must withhold all or a portion of the funds of the state and all funds administered by the state and its agencies, boards, and instrumentalities allotted or appropriated to the local government, including, but not limited to, state-shared taxes.



Continue to monitor the response of the local government, and when the offending ordinance, regulation, order, or action is repealed or the violation is otherwise resolved, the attorney general must notify (i) the governor, the speaker of the senate, the speaker of the house of representatives, and the member or members of the general assembly making the original request that the violation has been resolved; and (ii) the appropriate state officials to restore the distribution of state-shared revenues to the local government.

Before a member of the general assembly may request an investigation
by the attorney general and reporter of a written policy, written rule, or written regulation adopted by an agency, department, or other entity of a local government pursuant to this bill, this bill requires the member of the general assembly to first pro
v
ide a written notification of the alleged violation of state law or the Constitution of Tennessee to the chief executive officer and governing body of the local government. If the local government does not repeal or otherwise resolve the violation within

60 days after receiving the notification, the member of the general assembly may request an investigation by the attorney general.

However, this bill does not authorize the withholding of funds allocated to a local government that would violate contracts
to which the state is a party, the requirements of federal law imposed on the state, judgments of a court binding on the state, or obligations of the state under the Tennessee Constitution.

ON APRIL 16, 2025, THE HOUSE ADOPTED AMENDMENT #1 AND PASSED
HOUSE BILL 1097, AS AMENDED.

AMENDMENT #1 rewrites this bill to authorize the attorney general and reporter to review whether a local government action violates state law or the Constitution of Tennessee. If the attorney general and reporter concludes t
hat a local government action reviewed pursuant to this amendment violates state law or the Constitution of Tennessee, then the attorney general and reporter is required to provide to the local government's chief executive officer, governing body, or othe
r
subdivision of the local government that adopted the local government action written notice identifying the specific statutory or constitutional provision that the local government action is deemed to violate.

If a local government receives a notice pu
rsuant to this amendment, the local government may, within 60 days from receipt of the notice:

(1) Resolve the violation by repealing or revising the local government action, subject to review by the attorney general and reporter. If the attorney gener
al and reporter agrees that the violation is resolved, then no further action will be taken; or

(2) Challenge the findings by filing a special action before a three-judge panel seeking a declaratory judgment that the local government action is lawful and
constitutional. This amendment requires the attorney general and reporter to defend its findings in the special action.

If, after 60 days from receipt of the notice of violation under this amendment, the local government has failed to resolve the viola
tion and has either not filed an action or received an adverse ruling from the three-judge panel, this amendment requires the attorney general and reporter to do the following:

(1) Instruct the commissioner of finance and administration and the state tr
easurer to withhold all funds of the state allotted to the local government via grant, contract, or statute, including, but not limited to, state-shared taxes. The amounts withheld must be held in reserve by the department and allocated to the local gove
r
nment once the violation has been resolved. This amendment prohibits the withholding of funds when such withholding would violate contracts to which the state is a party, the requirements of federal law imposed on the state, judgments of a court binding
o
n the state, or constitutional obligations of the state; and

(2) Continue to monitor the response of the local government, and when the action is resolved, the attorney general and reporter shall notify:

(1) The governor, the speaker of the senate, th
e speaker of the house of representatives, and the local government that the violation has been resolved; and

(2) The commissioner of finance and administration and the state treasurer to resume funding the local government, which must include the distri
bution of state-shared revenues to the local government.

The provisions of this amendment take effect July 1, 2025, and apply to local government actions taken on or after that date and funds allocated or appropriated during or after the 2026-2027 fiscal
year.

ON APRIL 21, 2025, THE SENATE SUBSTITUTED HOUSE BILL 1097 FOR SENATE BILL 845, ADOPTED AMENDMENT #3, AND PASSED HOUSE BILL 1097, AS AMENDED.

AMENDMENT #3 makes the following revisions:



Instead of the attorney general instructing the commissioner and state treasurer to withhold state funds, requires the attorney general to file a special action before a three-judge panel seeking a declaratory judgment that the local government action is inconsistent with and violates state law or the Constitution of Tennessee. If the three-judge panel finds that the local government action is inconsistent with and violates state law or the Constitution of Tennessee, then the panel must order the commissioner of finance and administration and the state treasurer to so withhold state funds.



Requires, upon receipt of sufficient documentation acceptable to the three-judge panel that the action is resolved so as to no longer violate state law or the Constitution of Tennessee, the three-judge panel to notify the attorney general and the other persons described in the bill.

ON APRIL 22, 2025, THE HOUSE NONCONCURRED IN SENATE AMENDMENT #3.

ON APRIL 22, 2025, THE SENATE REFUSED TO RECEDE FROM ITS ADOPTION OF SENATE AMENDMENT #3.

ON APRIL 22, 2025, THE HOUSE REFUSED
TO RECEDE IN ITS ACTIONS IN NONCONCURRING IN SENATE AMENDMENT # 3 AND APPOINTED A CONFERENCE COMMITTEE.

ON APRIL 22, 2025, THE SENATE APPOINTED A CONFERENCE COMMITTEE.

ON APRIL 22, 2025, THE HOUSE ADOPTED THE CONFERENCE COMMITTEE REPORT.

ON APRIL 22,
2025, THE SENATE ADOPTED THE CONFERENCE COMMITTEE REPORT.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
SENATE BILL 845
By Lowe

HOUSE BILL 1097
By Sexton

HB1097
003031
- 1 -

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 4;
Title 5; Title 6; Title 7; Title 8 and Title 9, relative to
actions of local governments.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE:
SECTION 1. Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 4, Chapter 1, Part 4, is amended by
adding the following as a new section:
(a) At the request of a member of the general assembly, the attorney general
and reporter shall investigate an ordinance, regulation, order, or other official action
adopted or taken by the chief executive officer or governing body of a local government
or any written policy, written rule, or written regulation adopted by any agency,
department, or other entity of the local government that the member alleges violates, or
that would violate if enacted or enforced, state law or the Constitution of Tennessee.
(b)
(1) The attorney general and reporter shall make a written report of
findings and conclusions as a result of the investigation within thirty (30) days
after receipt of the request and shall provide a copy of the report to the governor,
the speaker of the senate, the speaker of the house of representatives, the
member or members of the general assembly making the original request, and
the secretary of state.
(2) If the attorney general and reporter concludes that the ordinance,
regulation, order, written policy, written rule, or other action under investigation:
(A) Violates, or would violate if enacted or enforced, a provision of
state law or the Constitution of Tennessee, the attorney general and

- 2 - 003031

reporter shall provide notice to the local government, by certified mail, of
the violation and shall indicate that the local government has thirty (30)
days to resolve the violation or file an action challenging the conclusion
and any withholding of funds;
(B) May violate, or would violate if enacted or enforced, a
provision of state law or the Constitution of Tennessee, the attorney
general and reporter shall file a special action in the supreme court to
resolve the issue, and the supreme court shall give the action precedence
over all other cases; or
(C) Does not violate any provision of state law or the Constitution
of Tennessee, the attorney general and reporter shall take no further
action pursuant to this section.
(c) If the attorney general and reporter determines that the local government has
failed to resolve the violation or file an action challenging the conclusion and any
withholding of funds within thirty (30) days of the notification pursuant to subdivision
(b)(2)(A), or within thirty (30) days of the supreme court determining that the ordinance,
regulation, order, written policy, written rule, or other action violates, or would violate if
enacted or enforced, a provision of state law or the Constitution of Tennessee pursuant
to subdivision (b)(2)(B), then the attorney general and reporter shall:
(1) Notify the appropriate state officials who shall withhold all or a portion
of the funds of the state and all funds administered by the state and its agencies,
boards, and instrumentalities allotted or appropriated to the local government,
including, but not limited to, state-shared taxes; and

- 3 - 003031

(2) Continue to monitor the response of the local government, and when
the offending ordinance, regulation, order, or action is repealed or the violation is
otherwise resolved, the attorney general and reporter shall notify:
(A) The governor, the speaker of the senate, the speaker of the
house of representatives, and the member or members of the general
assembly making the original request that the violation has been
resolved; and
(B) The appropriate state officials to restore the distribution of
state-shared revenues to the local government.
(d) Before a member of the legislature may request an investigation by the
attorney general and reporter of a written policy, written rule, or written regulation
adopted by an agency, department, or other entity of a local government pursuant to
subsection (a), the member of the general assembly shall first provide a written
notification of the alleged violation of state law or the Constitution of Tennessee to the
chief executive officer and governing body of the local government. If the local
government does not repeal or otherwise resolve the violation within sixty (60) days after
receiving the notification, the member of the general assembly may request an
investigation by the attorney general and reporter pursuant to this section.
(e) Notwithstanding subdivision (c)(1), this section does not authorize the
withholding of funds allocated to a local government that would violate contracts to which
the state is a party, the requirements of federal law imposed on the state, judgments of a
court binding on the state, or obligations of the state under the Tennessee Constitution.
(f) As used in this section, "local government" means a county, including a
county with a metropolitan or charter form of government, and an incorporated city or
town.

- 4 - 003031

SECTION 2. This act takes effect upon becoming a law, the public welfare requiring it.