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HB1271 • 2026

State Government

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 1; Title 3; Title 4; Title 5; Title 6; Title 7 and Title 8, relative to biological sex.

Taxes
Active

The official status still shows this bill as active or still awaiting another formal step.

Sponsor
Cochran, Rose
Last action
2026-04-02
Official status
Received from House, Passed on First Consideration
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The official source material does not provide specific details on enforcement mechanisms for institutions of higher education beyond what is mentioned in the summary text.

Act to Define Biological Sex in Tennessee

This bill requires state and local governments to define sex based on anatomy and genetics at birth and prohibits them from adopting rules that do not follow this definition.

What This Bill Does

  • Defines the policy of Tennessee as recognizing only two sexes: biological male and female, determined by anatomy and genetics testing at birth.
  • Requires all state and local government entities to revise their existing rules about sex or gender to match this new definition by January 1, 2027.
  • Prohibits these entities from creating any new rules that do not follow the defined biological sexes after July 1, 2026.

Who It Names or Affects

  • State and local governments in Tennessee
  • People who work with or receive services from these government entities

Terms To Know

immutable characteristics
Unchangeable traits that define a person's biological sex at birth.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill does not specify how it will affect existing laws or policies that do not align with the new definition.
  • It is unclear what happens if a local government accepts a valid birth certificate showing one sex but a person's anatomy and genetics show another.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

Amendment 1-0 to HB1271

Plain English: The amendment requires local and state governmental entities in Tennessee to revise their rules and policies to define a person's sex based on immutable characteristics at birth, with penalties for non-compliance.

  • Local and state governmental entities must update existing rules and policies by January 1, 2027, to define 'sex' as determined by anatomy and genetics at the time of birth.
  • Entities are prohibited from adopting or enacting any rule, policy, or procedure that reflects a sex not based on immutable characteristics after July 1, 2026.
  • People can file complaints in chancery court if they believe local governmental entities have not complied with these requirements, and courts may issue penalties including loss of grant contracts or funding.
  • The amendment text is complex and includes many specific legal terms that might be hard to understand without additional context.
  • Some parts of the amendment are truncated in the provided material, making it difficult to fully explain all aspects of the proposed changes.
Amendment 2-0 to HB1271

Plain English: The amendment removes specific sections from a bill related to biological sex, changing how the remaining parts of the bill are numbered.

  • Removes subdivisions (a)(2), (a)(3), and (a)(4) in SECTION 1 of the bill.
  • Also removes subdivisions (b)(2) and (b)(3) in SECTION 1 of the bill.
  • The exact content and purpose of the removed sections are not provided, making it hard to explain their removal fully.
Amendment 3-0 to HB1271

Plain English: The amendment adds a new section to HB1271 that states the general assembly believes local governments are best suited to make policies but then contradicts this by overriding their authority and imposing state-level decisions.

  • Adds a new subdivision (a)(7) in SECTION 1 of HB1271, which expresses the view that local governments know what is best for their communities but also overrides their decision-making power.
  • The amendment's text contradicts itself and may be unclear about its exact intent or how it will affect local government authority in practice.
Amendment 4-0 to HB1271

Plain English: The amendment adds a new section to HB1271, renaming it as the 'Scientically Incorrect Act of 2026'.

  • Adds a new section immediately before the last existing section in HB1271.
  • Names the act as the 'Scientifically Incorrect Act of 2026'.
  • The amendment does not provide details about what changes this new name implies for the bill's content or purpose.
Amendment 1-0 to SB0936

Plain English: The amendment requires local and state governmental entities to revise their rules, policies, and procedures to define a person's sex based on immutable characteristics at birth by July 1, 2025, and imposes penalties for noncompliance.

  • Local and state governmental entities must update existing rules, policies, and procedures to define 'sex' as determined by anatomy and genetics at the time of birth by July 1, 2025.
  • Entities are prohibited from adopting or enacting any rule, policy, or procedure that reflects a sex or gender not based on immutable characteristics after July 1, 2025.
  • Local entities can face loss of grant contracts and state entities may lose general fund revenue if they do not comply with the new requirements.
  • The amendment text is truncated at the end, so some details about penalties for noncompliance by state governmental entities are missing.
  • Specific enforcement mechanisms and full scope of penalties for noncompliance may be incomplete or unclear due to truncation.

Bill History

  1. 2026-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Received from House, Passed on First Consideration

  2. 2026-03-31 Tennessee General Assembly

    Engrossed; ready for transmission to Sen.

  3. 2026-03-30 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  4. 2026-03-30 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed H., as am., Ayes 72, Nays 16, PNV 0

  5. 2026-03-30 Tennessee General Assembly

    Failed to adopt am (Amendment 4 - HA0894), Ayes 14, Nays 71, PNV 0

  6. 2026-03-30 Tennessee General Assembly

    Failed to adopt am. (Amendment 3 - HA0890), Ayes 23, Nays 66, PNV 0

  7. 2026-03-30 Tennessee General Assembly

    Failed to adopt am. (Amendment 2 - HA0889), Ayes 20, Nays 68, PNV 0

  8. 2026-03-30 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. adopted am. (Amendment 1 - HA0763)

  9. 2026-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. Placed on Regular Calendar for 3/30/2026

  10. 2026-03-25 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Calendar & Rules Committee for 3/26/2026

  11. 2026-03-23 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec. for pass. if am., ref. to Calendar & Rules Committee

  12. 2026-03-18 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 3/23/2026

  13. 2026-03-18 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action def. in Judiciary Committee to 3/25/2026

  14. 2026-03-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 3/18/2026

  15. 2026-01-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Taken off notice for cal. in Judiciary Committee

  16. 2026-01-14 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 1/21/2026

  17. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action def. in Judiciary Committee to Second Calendar of 2026

  18. 2025-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 4/2/2025

  19. 2025-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action def. in Judiciary Committee to 4/02/2025

  20. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 3/26/2025

  21. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec for pass if am by s/c ref. to Judiciary Committee

  22. 2025-03-18 Tennessee General Assembly

    Recommended for passage with amendment/s, refer to Senate Calendar Committee Ayes 7, Nays 1 PNV 0

  23. 2025-03-17 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 3/18/2025

  24. 2025-03-17 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action deferred in Senate Judiciary Committee to 3/18/2025

  25. 2025-03-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Civil Justice Subcommittee for 3/19/2025

  26. 2025-03-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 3/18/2025

  27. 2025-02-14 Tennessee General Assembly

    Assigned to s/c Civil Justice Subcommittee

  28. 2025-02-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    P2C, ref. to Judiciary Committee

  29. 2025-02-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed on Second Consideration, refer to Senate Judiciary Committee

  30. 2025-02-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Intro., P1C.

  31. 2025-02-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Introduced, Passed on First Consideration

  32. 2025-02-06 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

  33. 2025-02-05 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

Official Summary Text

ON MARCH 30, 2026, THE HOUSE ADOPTED AMENDMENT #1 AND PASSED HOUSE BILL 1271, AS AMENDED.

AMENDMENT #1 rewrites the bill to, instead, require each state and local governmental entity to revise any existing ordinance, resolution, rule, policy, and procedure that includes a reference to a natural person's sex or gender to state that those terms
are defined as the immutable characteristics of the person's reproductive system that identify the person as male or female, as determined by anatomy and genetics testing at the time of birth, by January 1, 2027. Further, after July 1, 2026, a state or
lo
cal governmental entity is prohibited from adopting or enacting any ordinance, resolution, rule, policy, or procedure that reflects a sex or gender that is not based upon or defined as the immutable characteristics of the person's reproductive system that
identify the person as male or female, as determined by anatomy and genetics testing at the time of birth. However, a state or local governmental entity is not noncompliant with these provisions based solely on the local governmental entity's acceptance
o
f a valid birth certificate or other lawfully issued form of identification.

REMEDIES FOR NON-COMPLIANCE

Local Governmental Entities

This amendment authorizes a person residing in the jurisdiction of the local governmental entity that has not complied with the above provisions may file a complaint in a chancery court in that person's county of residence, such person must prove by a pr
eponderance of the evidence that the local governmental entity has not complied. If the court finds the local governmental entity is in violation, then the court must issue a writ of mandamus ordering the entity to comply, and may take any other action w
it
hin the scope of the jurisdiction of the court to ensure compliance. If the court has not complied within 90 days, then the local governmental entity becomes ineligible to enter into any grant contract with the department of economic and community develo
pment until the local governmental entity comes into compliance.

State Governmental Entities

This amendment authorizes a person to file a complaint with the comptroller of the treasury ("comptroller") that a state governmental entity is in violation of and has not complied with the above provisions. The comptroller may investigate whether the s
tate governmental entity is in compliance. If the comptroller finds that a state governmental entity is not in compliance with the above provisions, then the comptroller must provide written notice of the findings to the executive head or governing body
of
the entity. If the state governmental entity has not come into compliance within 90 days, then the comptroller must take one of the following actions, depending on the type of entity:



For a state governmental entity that is not an institution of higher education, and that is eligible to enter into a grant contract with the department of economic and community development, the comptroller must provide notice to the department of the entity's noncompliance. The state governmental entity becomes ineligible to enter into grant contracts until it comes into compliance and is issued a certificate of completion by the comptroller.


For a state governmental entity that is an institution of higher education, or that is otherwise ineligible to enter into a grant contract with the department of economic and community development, the comptroller must provide notice of the entity's noncompliance to the department of finance and administration and to the chairs of the joint government operations committee of the senate and the house of representatives. The department of finance and administration must (i) for a first notice of noncompliance, notify the entity that a second or third notice will result in a loss of general revenue from this state; (ii) for a second notice of noncompliance, withhold 10% of the total general fund revenue the entity is otherwise entitled to receive for the next subsequent fiscal year; (iii) for a third notice of noncompliance, withhold 20% of the total general fund revenue the entity is otherwise entitled to receive for the next subsequent fiscal year. Any withheld funds must be held in escrow until the state governmental entity has been issued a certificate of compliance by the comptroller. Further, upon receipt of a third notice of noncompliance, the chairs of the joint government operations committee must require the executive head or governing body of the entity to appear before the committee, and must make recommendations to the speakers of the senate and house of representatives regarding the entity's noncompliance.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
SENATE BILL 936
By Rose

HOUSE BILL 1271
By Cochran

HB1271
002203
- 1 -

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 1;
Title 3; Title 4; Title 5; Title 6; Title 7 and Title 8,
relative to biological sex.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE:
SECTION 1. Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 8, Chapter 50, Part 1, is amended by
adding the following as a new section:
It is the policy of this state that there are only two (2) sexes, a biological male and
a biological female.
SECTION 2. This act takes effect upon becoming a law, the public welfare requiring it.