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HB1360 • 2026

Child Abuse

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 36; Title 37 and Title 39, relative to child abuse.

Children Parental Rights
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Littleton, Jackson
Last action
2025-05-13
Official status
Comp. became Pub. Ch. 398
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The official source material does not provide information on the specific consequences if a parent fails to comply with the permanency plan or details about the number of children affected by this change. Additionally, there is no mention of the effectiveness of mental health counseling for reunification.

Expanding Child Abuse Definition

This bill changes Tennessee's child abuse laws to include witnessing domestic or family abuse as child abuse and sets rules for when children can be returned to their parents after being placed in foster care.

What This Bill Does

  • Adds that a person under 18 who sees another child being abused or witnesses domestic violence involving someone in their immediate family is considered a victim of child abuse.
  • Requires that before a child removed from their home due to abuse can be returned to their parent, the parent must follow a plan set by social services and the child must get mental health help.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Children under 18 years old
  • Parents or guardians of abused children
  • Social service agencies and departments

Terms To Know

Permanency plan
A plan made by social services to decide the best long-term living situation for a child in foster care.
Domestic abuse
Violence or threats of violence between people who are related, live together, or have lived together.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill does not specify what happens if a parent fails to comply with the permanency plan.
  • It is unclear how many children will be affected by this change in law.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

Amendment 1-0 to HB1360

Plain English: The amendment adds new requirements for child abuse reporting, foster care reunification conditions, domestic violence services, and reporting on children removed due to domestic abuse.

  • Adds a new subdivision (C) in Tennessee Code Annotated §37-1-102(b)(1), defining when witnessing abuse or domestic violence by a family member qualifies as child abuse.
  • Inserts a new section requiring that reunification with parents who have abused their children must only occur if the parent has made sufficient progress on their permanency plan and the child receives necessary mental health counseling.
  • Amends §37-2-403(a) to include a requirement for domestic violence services in the permanency plan of a child's return home, if the reason for foster care was witnessing or experiencing domestic abuse by the parent.
  • Adds a new subdivision (18) in §37-5-105, mandating semiannual reports on children removed into foster care due to allegations of domestic abuse.
  • The amendment text does not specify all details about how these changes will be implemented or enforced.
Amendment 1-0 to SB1241

Plain English: The amendment adds new requirements for child abuse reporting, foster care reunification conditions, domestic violence services for parents, and annual reporting on children removed due to domestic abuse.

  • Adds a new subdivision to Section 37-1-102(b)(1) of the Tennessee Code Annotated, defining when witnessing abuse or domestic violence by a family member qualifies as child abuse.
  • Amends Title 37, Chapter 2, Part 4 to require mental health counseling for children before reunification with abusive parents and sets conditions for safe reunification.
  • Adds a new subdivision to Section 37-2-403(a) requiring permanency plans for foster care to include services addressing domestic violence if the child was placed due to witnessing or experiencing it.
  • Amends Section 37-5-105 by adding a requirement for annual reporting on children removed into foster care due to allegations of domestic abuse.
  • The amendment text does not specify all details about the services and counseling required, leaving some aspects unclear.

Bill History

  1. 2025-05-13 Tennessee General Assembly

    Comp. became Pub. Ch. 398

  2. 2025-05-13 Tennessee General Assembly

    Effective date(s) 05/05/2025

  3. 2025-05-13 Tennessee General Assembly

    Pub. Ch. 398

  4. 2025-05-05 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by Governor.

  5. 2025-04-23 Tennessee General Assembly

    Transmitted to Governor for action.

  6. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by H. Speaker

  7. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by Senate Speaker

  8. 2025-04-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Enrolled and ready for signatures

  9. 2025-04-16 Tennessee General Assembly

    Comp. SB subst.

  10. 2025-04-16 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  11. 2025-04-16 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed H., Ayes 94, Nays 0, PNV 1

  12. 2025-04-16 Tennessee General Assembly

    Am. withdrawn. (Amendment 1 - HA0335)

  13. 2025-04-16 Tennessee General Assembly

    Subst. for comp. HB.

  14. 2025-04-15 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  15. 2025-04-15 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  16. 2025-04-15 Tennessee General Assembly

    Engrossed; ready for transmission to House

  17. 2025-04-15 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed Senate as amended, Ayes 31, Nays 0

  18. 2025-04-15 Tennessee General Assembly

    Senate adopted Amendment (Amendment 1 - SA0359)

  19. 2025-04-14 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Regular Calendar for 4/15/2025

  20. 2025-04-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Regular Calendar for 4/15/2025

  21. 2025-04-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. Placed on Regular Calendar for 4/14/2025

  22. 2025-04-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  23. 2025-04-09 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Calendar & Rules Committee for 4/10/2025

  24. 2025-04-08 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec. for pass. if am., ref. to Calendar & Rules Committee

  25. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 4/9/2025

  26. 2025-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action def. in Judiciary Committee to 4/9/2025

  27. 2025-04-01 Tennessee General Assembly

    Recommended for passage with amendment/s, refer to Senate Calendar Committee Ayes 8, Nays 0 PNV 0

  28. 2025-03-31 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 4/1/2025

  29. 2025-03-31 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action deferred in Senate Judiciary Committee to 4/1/2025

  30. 2025-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 4/2/2025

  31. 2025-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 3/31/2025

  32. 2025-03-25 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec for pass if am by s/c ref. to Judiciary Committee

  33. 2025-03-19 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Children and Family Affairs Subcommittee for 3/25/2025

  34. 2025-03-18 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action Def. in s/c Children and Family Affairs Subcommittee to 3/25/2025

  35. 2025-03-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Children and Family Affairs Subcommittee for 3/18/2025

  36. 2025-02-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Assigned to s/c Children and Family Affairs Subcommittee

  37. 2025-02-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    P2C, ref. to Judiciary Committee

  38. 2025-02-12 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed on Second Consideration, refer to Senate Judiciary Committee

  39. 2025-02-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Intro., P1C.

  40. 2025-02-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor change.

  41. 2025-02-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) withdrawn.

  42. 2025-02-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Introduced, Passed on First Consideration

  43. 2025-02-06 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

  44. 2025-02-06 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

Official Summary Text

Present law provides that "abuse" exists when (i) a person under 18 is suffering from, has sustained, or may be in immediate danger of suffering from or sustaining a wound, injury, disability,
or physical or mental condition caused by brutality, neglect, use of force, extreme or repeated cruelty, or other actions or inactions of a parent, relative, guardian, or caregiver or (ii) a person under 18 is suffering from, has sustained, or may be in
i
mmediate danger of suffering from or sustaining child sexual abuse by the actions or inactions of a parent, relative, guardian, or caregiver. This bill provides that "abuse" also exists when a person under 18 witnesses the abuse of another child in the p
e
rson's immediate family or household or domestic abuse of a member of the person's immediate family or household.

This bill provides that if a child has been removed from the custody of a parent or legal guardian due to a finding of abuse, as defined ab
ove, and placed in foster care with the department or in the care of an agency, then reunification with the parent must not occur unless the parent has complied with the parent's statement of responsibilities in the permanency plan and the child has recei
v
ed mental health counseling.

ON APRIL 15, 2025, THE SENATE ADOPTED AMENDMENT #1 AND PASSED SENATE BILL 1241, AS AMENDED.

AMENDMENT #1 clarifies that abuse exists, as described in the bill summary, if a
person under 18 years of age witnesses either abus
e of another child in the person's immediate family or household, or domestic abuse, of another member of the person's immediate family or household
.

This amendment modifies this bill's provision concerning reunification to specify that,
that if a child
has been removed from the custody of a parent or legal guardian due to a finding of abuse

and placed in foster care with the department or in the care of an agency, then reunification with the parent
must not occur unless the parent has achieved sufficient
progress on the parent's permanency plan responsibilities to make reunification safe and the child has received any mental health counseling deemed necessary for reunification.

W
ithin 30 days of the date of foster care placement,
present law requires th
at
a
child placement
agency prepare a
permanency
plan for each child in its foster care
. Present law specifies various components that must be included in the plan. This amendment adds that the
plan for a child in foster care as a result of abuse or negle
ct that includes as a permanency goal the return of the child to the parent must include in the parent's statement of responsibilities a requirement that the parent complete appropriate services to address domestic violence, if the reason for the child's
p
lacement in foster care included witnessing or being subjected to domestic abuse by the parent.

This amendment requires that, b
y January 31, 2026, and each year semiannually thereafter,
the commissioner of children's services
report to the chair of the j
udiciary committee of the senate, and the chairs of the committees of the house of representatives having jurisdiction over judiciary matters and matters related to children and family affairs, the number of children who were removed into foster care due
t
o allegations of domestic abuse. The report must include information on the number of children who were returned home, the number of children who remained in the custody of the department, and other outcomes.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
SENATE BILL 1241
By Jackson

HOUSE BILL 1360
By Littleton

HB1360
003089
- 1 -

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 36;
Title 37 and Title 39, relative to child abuse.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE:
SECTION 1. Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 37-1-102(b)(1), is amended by
adding the following as a new subdivision:
(C) A person under eighteen (18) years of age witnesses the abuse of another
child in the person's immediate family or household or domestic abuse, as defined in §
36-3-601, of a member of the person's immediate family or household;
SECTION 2. Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 37, Chapter 2, Part 4, is amended by
adding the following as a new section:
Notwithstanding another law to the contrary, if a child has been removed from the
custody of a parent or legal guardian due to a finding of abuse, as defined in § 37-1-102,
and placed in foster care with the department or in the care of an agency as provided in
§ 37-2-403, then reunification with the parent must not occur unless the parent has
complied with the parent's statement of responsibilities in the permanency plan and the
child has received mental health counseling.
SECTION 3. This act takes effect upon becoming a law, the public welfare requiring it.