Back to Tennessee

HB1872 • 2026

Healthcare Liability

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 29; Title 63 and Title 68, relative to private causes of action.

Children Crime Healthcare Parental Rights
Active

The official status still shows this bill as active or still awaiting another formal step.

Sponsor
Zachary, Lowe
Last action
2026-04-02
Official status
Sponsor(s) Added.
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The official summary does not provide specific details about enforcement mechanisms or potential legal outcomes.

Healthcare Liability Act

This bill allows individuals who have suffered injuries from certain medical procedures to sue healthcare professionals if they were coerced into consenting to those procedures.

What This Bill Does

  • Defines a 'medical procedure' as surgically removing, modifying, altering, or entering tissues, cavities, or organs of the human body, and prescribing, administering, or dispensing puberty blockers or hormones.
  • Allows individuals aged 18 or older to sue healthcare providers for injuries caused by medical procedures related to gender identity if they were coerced into consenting.
  • Sets a time limit of up to 18 years after discovering an injury or the procedure occurred for filing such lawsuits, with specific provisions for minors who reach adulthood before the statute expires.
  • Clarifies that the bill does not cover treatments for congenital defects, precocious puberty, diseases, or physical injuries.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People aged 18 or older and minors whose parents consented to medical procedures related to gender identity who believe they were coerced into consenting.
  • Healthcare professionals who perform such procedures.
  • Parents or guardians of minors involved in these procedures.

Terms To Know

Medical procedure
Surgically removing, modifying, altering, or entering tissues, cavities, or organs of the human body; prescribing, administering, or dispensing puberty blockers or hormones.
Coercion
A threat to commit an offense, wrongfully accuse someone of a crime, harm their reputation, or take action as a public servant to force consent.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill does not specify what happens if the injury was discovered after the person turned 18.
  • It is unclear how this law will be enforced and whether it will lead to more lawsuits against healthcare providers.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

Amendment 1-0 to HB1872

Plain English: This amendment adds new sections to Tennessee Code Annotated allowing individuals to sue healthcare professionals for damages if certain medical procedures were performed due to coercion and inconsistent with the person's sex at birth.

  • Defines key terms such as 'coercion', 'healthcare professional', 'medical procedure', 'minor', 'person', and 'sex'.
  • Allows a civil action against healthcare professionals if a medical procedure was performed due to coercion for purposes inconsistent with the person's sex at birth.
  • Specifies that lawsuits must be filed within 18 years after the procedure or, if the minor is under 18 when the procedure occurs, within 30 years of reaching age 18 or 10 years after death.
  • The amendment text does not specify all details about how these new sections will be implemented in practice.
Amendment 1-0 to SB2031

Plain English: The amendment adds new provisions allowing individuals to sue healthcare professionals for damages if they undergo certain medical procedures due to coercion by the professional.

  • Defines 'coercion', 'healthcare professional', 'medical procedure', 'minor', 'person', and 'sex' in relation to a civil action.
  • Allows persons or their guardians to sue healthcare professionals for injuries resulting from specific medical procedures if consent was given due to coercion by the professional.
  • Sets a statute of limitations of 18 years after the later of when the procedure occurred or when the injury became known.
  • The amendment text does not specify which exact medical procedures are prohibited, only defining them broadly.

Bill History

  1. 2026-04-09 Tennessee General Assembly

    Signed by Senate Speaker

  2. 2026-04-08 Tennessee General Assembly

    Enrolled and ready for signatures

  3. 2026-04-06 Tennessee General Assembly

    Concurred, Ayes 27, Nays 5 (Amendment 1 - HA0752)

  4. 2026-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  5. 2026-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Comp. SB subst.

  6. 2026-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Message Calendar for 4/6/2026

  7. 2026-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed H., as am., Ayes 72, Nays 19, PNV 0

  8. 2026-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. adopted am. (Amendment 1 - HA0752)

  9. 2026-04-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Subst. for comp. HB.

  10. 2026-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    H. Placed on Regular Calendar for 4/2/2026

  11. 2026-03-26 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rcvd. from S., held on H. desk.

  12. 2026-03-25 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Calendar & Rules Committee for 3/26/2026

  13. 2026-03-23 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec. for pass. if am., ref. to Calendar & Rules Committee

  14. 2026-03-23 Tennessee General Assembly

    Engrossed; ready for transmission to House

  15. 2026-03-23 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  16. 2026-03-23 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed Senate as amended, Ayes 24, Nays 5, PNV 4

  17. 2026-03-23 Tennessee General Assembly

    Senate adopted Amendment (Amendment 1 - SA0639)

  18. 2026-03-20 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Regular Calendar for 3/23/2026

  19. 2026-03-18 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 3/23/2026

  20. 2026-03-18 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action def. in Judiciary Committee to 3/25/2026

  21. 2026-03-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on cal. Judiciary Committee for 3/18/2026

  22. 2026-03-11 Tennessee General Assembly

    Rec for pass if am by s/c ref. to Judiciary Committee

  23. 2026-03-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Sponsor(s) Added.

  24. 2026-03-10 Tennessee General Assembly

    Recommended for passage with amendment/s, refer to Senate Calendar Committee Ayes 7, Nays 2 PNV 0

  25. 2026-03-09 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 3/10/2026

  26. 2026-03-09 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action deferred in Senate Judiciary Committee to 3/17/2026

  27. 2026-03-04 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on s/c cal Civil Justice Subcommittee for 3/11/2026

  28. 2026-03-04 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 3/9/2026

  29. 2026-02-24 Tennessee General Assembly

    Action deferred in Senate Judiciary Committee to 3/10/2026

  30. 2026-02-18 Tennessee General Assembly

    Placed on Senate Judiciary Committee calendar for 2/24/2026

  31. 2026-02-05 Tennessee General Assembly

    Passed on Second Consideration, refer to Senate Judiciary Committee

  32. 2026-02-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Assigned to s/c Civil Justice Subcommittee

  33. 2026-02-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    P2C, ref. to Judiciary Committee

  34. 2026-02-02 Tennessee General Assembly

    Introduced, Passed on First Consideration

  35. 2026-01-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Intro., P1C.

  36. 2026-01-22 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

  37. 2026-01-21 Tennessee General Assembly

    Filed for introduction

Official Summary Text

This bill authorizes an individual 18 or older ("person") to bring a civil action to recover compensatory damages, punitive damages, and reasonable attorney fees, court costs, and expenses against a healthcare professional for an injury that is a result
of a medical procedure, if both of the following criteria are met:



The medical procedure was for the purpose of enabling the person to identify with, or live as, a purported identity inconsistent with the person's sex or treating purported discomfort or distress from a discordance between the person's sex and asserted identity. As used in this provision, "sex" means a person's immutable characteristics of the reproductive system that define the individual as male or female, as determined by anatomy and genetics existing at the time of birth.



The person consented, or if the person was a minor at the time of the medical procedure, the person's parent, guardian, or legal representative consented, in whole or in part, due to an act of coercion by the healthcare professional.

"MEDICAL PROCEDURE" DEFINED

As used in this bill, a "medical procedure" means (i) surgically removing, modifying, altering, or entering into tissues, cavities, or organs of a human being; or (ii) prescribing, administering, or dispensing any puberty blocker or hormone to a human be
ing.

STATUE OF LIMITATIONS FOR CIVIL ACTIONS

If the medical procedure occurred before the effective date of this bill, this bill requires a civil action described above to be brought in accordance with present law, which generally has a statute of limitations of one to three years. However, if the
medical procedure occurs on or after the effective date of this bill, then a civil action described above must be brought no later than 18 years after the later of (i) the date the medical procedure occurred or (ii) if the injury was not known to the per
so
n at the time of the medical procedure, the date the person first obtained knowledge of the injury that resulted from the medical procedure.

ON MARCH 23, 2026, THE SENATE ADOPTED AMENDMENT #1 AND PASSED SENATE BILL 2031, AS AMENDED.

AMENDMENT #1 makes the following revisions:



Clarifies that "medical procedure," as used and defined in the bill summary, does not include therapies to treat a minor's congenital defect, precocious puberty, disease, or physical injury.



Defines "coercion," as used in the bill summary, to mean the same as generally defined for criminal offenses, which is a threat, however communicated, to commit an offense; wrongfully accuse a person of an offense; expose a person to hatred, contempt or ridicule; harm the credit or business repute of a person; or take or withhold action as a public servant or cause a public servant to take or withhold action.



Provides that a civil action must be brought no later than 18 years after the later of the date the medical procedure occurred, or, if the injury was not known to the person at the time of the medical procedure, the date the person first obtained knowledge of the injury that resulted from the medical procedure.



Removes that if the medical procedure occurred before the effective date of the bill, then a civil action must be brought in accordance with present law, which generally has a statute of limitations of one to three years.



Clarifies that the bill applies to causes of action arising on or after the date that the bill becomes a law.

ON APRIL 2, 2026, THE HOUSE SUBSTITUTED SENATE BILL 2031 FOR HOUSE BILL 1872, ADOPTED AMENDMENT #1, AND PASSED SENATE BILL 2031, AS AMENDED.

AMENDMENT #1 clarifies that, if the medical procedure occurs on or after the date that the bill becomes a law, then such an action must either be brought (i) within 30 years from the date the minor reaches 18 or (ii) within 10 years of the minor's death
if the minor dies.

ON APRIL 6, 2026, SENATE CONCURRED IN HOUSE AMENDMENT #1.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
SENATE BILL 2031
By Lowe

HOUSE BILL 1872
By Zachary
HB1872
011157
- 1 -

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 29;
Title 63 and Title 68, relative to private causes of
action.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE:
SECTION 1. Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 29, Chapter 26, is amended by adding
the following as a new section:
(a) As used in this section:
(1) "Healthcare professional" means an individual, establishment, or
facility licensed, registered, certified, or permitted to provide health care to
individuals in this state pursuant to title 63 or 68 and under the regulatory
authority of:
(A) The department of health;
(B) An agency, board, council, or committee attached to the
department of health; or
(C) The health facilities commission;
(2) "Medical procedure" means:
(A) Surgically removing, modifying, altering, or entering into
tissues, cavities, or organs of a human being; or
(B) Prescribing, administering, or dispensing any puberty blocker
or hormone to a human being;
(3) ''Minor'' means an individual under eighteen (18) years of age;
(4) "Person" means an individual eighteen (18) years of age or older; and

- 2 - 011157

(5) "Sex" means a person's immutable characteristics of the reproductive
system that define the individual as male or female, as determined by anatomy
and genetics existing at the time of birth.
(b) A person may bring a civil action to recover compensatory damages, punitive
damages, and reasonable attorney fees, court costs, and expenses against a healthcare
professional for an injury that is a result of a medical procedure, if:
(1) The medical procedure was for the purpose of enabling the person to
identify with, or live as, a purported identity inconsistent with the person's sex or
treating purported discomfort or distress from a discordance between the
person's sex and asserted identity; and
(2) The person consented, or if the person was a minor at the time of the
medical procedure, the person's parent, guardian, or legal representative
consented, in whole or in part, due to an act of coercion by the healthcare
professional.
(c) A civil action brought pursuant to subsection (b) must be brought:
(1) If the medical procedure occurred before the effective date of this act,
pursuant to this part; or
(2) If the medical procedure occurs on or after the effective date of this
act, then notwithstanding §§ 28-3-104 and 29-26-116, no later than eighteen (18)
years after the later of:
(A) The date the medical procedure occurred; or
(B) If the injury was not known to the person at the time of the
medical procedure, the date the person first obtained knowledge of the
injury that resulted from the medical procedure.

- 3 - 011157

SECTION 2. If any provision of this act or its application to any person or circumstance
is held invalid, then the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of the act that
can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to that end, the provisions of
this act are severable.
SECTION 3. This act takes effect upon becoming a law, the public welfare requiring it.