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HB1078 • 2026

Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; adverse action by landlord, tenant remedies.

A BILL to amend and reenact § 55.1-1203 of the Code of Virginia, relating to Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; adverse action by landlord; tenant remedies.

Housing
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Hernandez
Last action
2026-03-14
Official status
Failed
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The bill summary and text do not provide information on the number of affected landlords.

Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; adverse action by landlord; tenant remedies

This law stops landlords who own more than four rental units or have a 10 percent interest in more than four rental units from rejecting tenants based on their history of dismissed or nonsuited unlawful detainer cases.

What This Bill Does

  • Prohibits large landlords from refusing to rent to people because they had a dismissed or nonsuited unlawful detainer case in the past.
  • Allows tenants to get money back if a landlord does not follow this rule, including actual damages, $250 statutory damages, and reasonable attorney fees.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Landlords who own more than four rental units or have a 10 percent interest in more than four rental units.
  • Tenants applying for rentals from these landlords.

Terms To Know

unlawful detainer case
A legal action where a landlord tries to remove a tenant who is not paying rent or violating the lease agreement.
statutory damages
A fixed amount of money set by law that a person can get if another person breaks the law.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The bill does not specify what happens to landlords who break this rule before July 1, 2027.
  • It is unclear how many landlords will be affected by this new requirement.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

HB1078AHC1

2026-02-03 • Committee

General Laws Amendment

Plain English: The amendment changes the Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act by adding new provisions related to negative rental payment histories and modifying existing sections on tenant remedies and fees.

  • Adds 'or negative rental payment history' as a reason for adverse action by a landlord.
  • Removes certain language about nonsuited unlawful detainer cases.
  • Changes the maximum fee from $1,000 to $250.
  • Inserts new text stating that landlords can consider an applicant's rental payment history.
  • The exact impact of removing language about nonsuited unlawful detainer cases is unclear without additional context.
HB1078AH1

2026-02-03 • Committee

General Laws Amendment

Plain English: The amendment modifies the Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act by adding provisions related to negative rental payment history and adjusting certain monetary limits.

  • Adds language allowing landlords to consider a tenant's negative rental payment history when making decisions.
  • Removes specific references to nonsuited unlawful detainer cases in the legal text.
  • Changes the maximum fee from $1,000 to $250.
  • The amendment does not provide clear details on how negative rental payment history will be used or defined.
HB1078ASC1

2026-03-03 • Committee

General Laws and Technology Amendment

Plain English: The amendment adds a new section to HB1078 that sets the date when the bill's changes will take effect.

  • Adds a provision stating that all parts of HB1078 will become active on July 1, 2027.
  • The amendment only specifies the effective date and does not provide details about how it will affect existing laws or tenant rights before this date.
HB1078AS1

2026-03-05 • Committee

General Laws and Technology Amendment

Plain English: The amendment adds a new section to HB1078 that sets the date when the bill's changes will take effect.

  • Adds a provision stating that all parts of HB1078 will become active on July 1, 2027.
  • The amendment only specifies the effective date and does not provide details about how it will affect existing laws or tenant rights before this date.

Bill History

  1. 2026-03-14 House

    Left in General Laws

  2. 2026-03-14 Senate

    Left in General Laws and Technology

  3. 2026-03-11 Senate

    Read third time

  4. 2026-03-11 Senate

    Motion to recommit to General Laws and Technology agreed to

  5. 2026-03-11 General Laws and Technology

    Recommitted to General Laws and Technology

  6. 2026-03-10 Senate

    Read third time

  7. 2026-03-10 Senate

    Read third time

  8. 2026-03-10 Senate

    Passed by for the day

  9. 2026-03-09 Senate

    Read third time

  10. 2026-03-09 Senate

    Passed by for the day

  11. 2026-03-09 Senate

    Passed by for the day

  12. 2026-03-06 Senate

    Rules suspended

  13. 2026-03-06 Senate

    Passed by for the day

  14. 2026-03-06 Senate

    Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 2nd reading) (39-Y 0-N 0-A)

  15. 2026-03-06 Senate

    Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)

  16. 2026-03-04 General Laws and Technology

    Reported from General Laws and Technology with amendment (9-Y 6-N)

  17. 2026-03-03 Senate

    Senate committee offered

  18. 2026-02-25 Housing

    Assigned GL&T sub: Housing

  19. 2026-02-10 Senate

    Constitutional reading dispensed (on 1st reading)

  20. 2026-02-10 General Laws and Technology

    Referred to Committee on General Laws and Technology

  21. 2026-02-09 House

    Read third time and passed House (62-Y 35-N 0-A)

  22. 2026-02-08 House

    Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB1078)

  23. 2026-02-06 House

    Read second time

  24. 2026-02-06 House

    committee amendments agreed to

  25. 2026-02-06 House

    Engrossed by House as amended

  26. 2026-02-05 House

    Read first time

  27. 2026-02-03 General Laws

    Reported from General Laws with amendment(s) (16-Y 5-N)

  28. 2026-02-03 House

    House committee offered

  29. 2026-01-29 Housing/Consumer Protection

    Subcommittee recommends reporting (5-Y 4-N)

  30. 2026-01-26 Housing/Consumer Protection

    Assigned HGL sub: Housing/Consumer Protection

  31. 2026-01-23 House

    Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB1078)

  32. 2026-01-14 House

    Prefiled and ordered printed; Offered 01-14-2026 26101609D

  33. 2026-01-14 General Laws

    Referred to Committee on General Laws

Official Summary Text

Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; adverse action by landlord; tenant remedies.
Prohibits a residential landlord who owns more than four rental dwelling units or more than a 10 percent interest in more than four rental dwelling units, whether individually or through a business entity, in the Commonwealth from taking adverse action against a prospective tenant due to the prospective tenant's history of a dismissed or nonsuited unlawful detainer case. The bill allows a prospective tenant to recover, as a result of any such adverse action, (i) actual damages, (ii) statutory damages of $250, and (iii) reasonable attorney fees.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
(HB1078)
AMENDMENT(S) PROPOSED BY THE SENATE
GENERAL LAWS AND TECHNOLOGY
1. After line 55, engrossed
insert
2. That the provisions of this act shall become effective on July 1, 2027.