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HB685 • 2026

Genetic sequencing; use of foreign genetic sequencing, etc.

<p class=ldtitle>A BILL to amend the Code of Virginia by adding sections numbered 32.1-127.1:06 and 38.2-3407.15:9, relating to genetic sequencing; organ transplants; use of foreign genetic sequencing or genetic sequencer operational and research software; foreign storage of genetic sequencing data; health insurance coverage for certain foreign organ transplants; civil penalty.</p>

Healthcare
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Zehr
Last action
2026-02-03
Official status
In House
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The exact list of foreign adversaries is determined by federal regulations, which are not specified in this legislation.

Rules on Genetic Sequencing and Organ Transplants

This law prohibits medical facilities from using genetic sequencing equipment or storing data in countries designated as foreign adversaries by the federal government, and it also bans health insurance coverage for organ transplants done in China or other listed countries.

What This Bill Does

  • Forbids medical care places from using genetic sequencers or operational and research software produced in a country designated as a foreign adversary by the U.S. federal government.
  • Requires medical facilities to remove any banned equipment within six months of July 1, 2026.
  • Prohibits medical facilities from storing genetic data with a country designated as a foreign adversary unless approved by the Commissioner.
  • Needs medical care places to certify annually their compliance with these rules under penalty of perjury and face civil penalties for violations.
  • Stops health insurance companies from covering organ transplants done in China or other listed countries and subjects carriers that violate this provision to civil penalties.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Medical care facilities using genetic sequencing equipment.
  • Health insurance carriers who cover organ transplants.
  • People whose genetic data is stored by medical facilities.

Terms To Know

Foreign adversary
A nation specified in 15 C.F.R. §791.4.
Genetic sequencer
A device or platform used to conduct genetic sequencing, resequencing, isolation, or other genetic research.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The exact countries that will be considered foreign adversaries are not listed in the bill.
  • It is unclear how many medical facilities might need to replace equipment or change data storage practices.
  • The law does not specify what happens if a facility accidentally uses banned equipment.

Bill History

  1. 2026-02-03 Health

    Subcommittee recommends passing by indefinitely (7-Y 3-N)

  2. 2026-02-02 House

    Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB685)

  3. 2026-01-21 Health

    Assigned sub: Health

  4. 2026-01-13 House

    Prefiled and ordered printed; Offered 01-14-2026 26102328D

  5. 2026-01-13 Health and Human Services

    Referred to Committee on Health and Human Services

  6. 2026-01-13 House

    Fiscal Impact statement From VCSC (1/13/2026 4:45 pm)

Official Summary Text

Genetic
sequencing; organ transplants; use of foreign genetic sequencing or genetic sequencer operational and research software; foreign storage of genetic sequencing data; health insurance coverage for certain foreign organ transplants; civil penalty.
Prohibits medical care facilities from (i) using genetic sequencers or any operational and research software, as such terms are defined in the bill, produced in a country designated as a foreign adversary by the federal government and (ii) storing genetic sequencing data with a country designated as a foreign adversary by the federal government. The bill requires medical care facilities to certify their compliance with such provisions, under penalty of perjury, annually with the Commissioner of Health and subjects medical care facilities that violate such provisions to civil penalties. The bill also prohibits health insurance carriers from covering human organ transplants that occur in China or other designated foreign countries and subjects carriers that violate this provision to civil penalties.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
A BILL to amend the Code of Virginia by adding sections numbered
32.1-127.1:06
and
38.2-3407.15:9
, relating to genetic sequencing; organ transplants; use of foreign genetic sequencing or genetic sequencer operational and research software; foreign storage of genetic sequencing data; health insurance coverage for certain foreign organ transplants; civil penalty.

Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia:

1. That the Code of Virginia is amended by adding sections numbered
32.1-127.1:06
and
38.2-3407.15:9
as follows:

§
32.1-127.1:06
.
Privacy of genomic sequencing information
; civil penalty
.

A.
As used in this section:

"Fore
ign adversary" means a nation specified in 15 C.F.R.
§
791.4.

"Genetic sequencer" means a device or platform used to conduct genetic sequencing,
genetic
resequencing,
genetic
isolation, or other genetic research.

"Genetic sequencing" means a method to determine the identity and order of nucleotide
bases in the human genome.

"Operational and research software" means computer programs used for the operation, control, analysis, or other necessary functions of genetic sequencing or genetic sequencers.

B
.
No medical care facility shall use genetic sequencers or any operational
and
research software used for genetic sequencing produced in or by a foreign adversary or a subsidiary or affiliate that is owned or controlled by a
person
domiciled within a foreign adversary.

1. All genetic sequencers
or
operational and research software used for genetic
sequencing prohibited pursuant to this subsection
t
h
at is
not permanently di
sabled must be removed and replaced no more than 180 days from July 1, 2026.

2. No medical care facility shall be required to investigate any individual component of
genetic sequencing equipment or software to comply with this section.

C. No medical care facility shall store genetic sequencing data with a foreign adversary
or permit a foreign adversary to remotely access genetic sequencing data storage, other than op
en data,
within its direction or control

unless such remote access is approved in writing by the Commissioner.
Medical care facilities storing genetic sequencing data, including throu
gh contracts with third-party data storage companies, shall ensure the security of genetic sequencing data using reasonable encryption methods, restrictions on access, and other cybersecurity best practices.

D. A medical care facility
using genetic sequencers, using operational
and
research software used for genetic sequencing, or storing genetic sequencing data shall certify
, under penalty of perjury,

its compliance with the provisions of this section
to the Commissioner
annually by
July 1. Any medical care facility that violates this
section
or any person who knowingly stores genetic sequencing data outside of the United States
shall be subject to a civil penalty of $10,000
for each violation
,
to be collected by the Commissioner and deposited into the
general fund.
For the purposes of this subsection, a violation occurs
for each
instance of an individual's genome having undergone genetic sequencing or analysis
using prohibited genetic sequencers
or operational and research software used for genetic sequencing.

E. The Commissioner is authorized to investigate any allegations of violations of this section. Any person may notify the Commissioner of a violation or potential violation of this section.

§
38.2-3407
.
15:9. Prohibition on certain organ transplants
; civil penalty
.

A.
As used in this section:

"Carrier" mean
s the same as that term is defined
in §
38.2-3407.10
.

"Forced organ harvesting" means
the removal of one or more organs from a living person or a person killed for the purpose of removal of one or more organs by means of coercion, abduction, deception, fraud, or abuse of power or a position of vulnerability.

"Health benefit plan" mean
s the same as that term is
defined
in §
38.2-3438
.

B. No carrier shall knowingly provide coverage
under
a health benefit plan for a human organ transplant if:

1. The transplant operation is performed in the Peopl
e's Republic of China
or a country designated by the Commissioner pursuant to subsection C
;
or

2. The human organ to be transplanted was procured by sale or donation originating in the People's Republic of China
or a country designated by the Commissioner pursuant to subsection C.

C.
The Commissioner may designate additional countries with governments that fund, sponsor, or otherwise facilitate forced organ harvesting and shall provide written notice to the
G
overnor when the Commissioner designates such additional country.

The Commissioner shall maintain a list of
such
countries on the Commission's public website.

D. Any carrier that
knowingly

violates
the provisions of this section shall be subject to a civil penalty of $100,000 for each violation to be collected by the Commissioner an
d deposited into the general fund.

E. The Commissioner is authorized to investigate any allegations of violations of this section. Any person may notify the Commissioner of a violation or potential violation of this section.

2. That the provisions of this act may result in a net increase in periods of imprisonment or commitment. Pursuant to §
30-19.1:4
of the Code of Virginia, the estimated amount of the necessary appropriation cannot be determined for periods of imprisonment in state adult correctional facilities; therefore, Chapter 725 of the Acts of Assembly of 2025 requires the Virginia Criminal Sentencing Commission to assign a minimum fiscal impact of $50,000. Pursuant to §
30-19.1:4
of the Code of Virginia, the estimated amount of the necessary appropriation cannot be determined for periods of commitment to the custody of the Department of Juvenile Justice.