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SB464 • 2026

Interest in agricultural land; amends definition of foreign adversaries.

<p class=ldtitle>A BILL to amend and reenact § 55.1-507 of the Code of Virginia, relating to interest in agricultural land; foreign adversaries.</p>

Land
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Stuart
Last action
2026-03-10
Official status
Failed
Effective date
Not listed

Plain English Breakdown

The official source material does not provide information on the effective date or specific enforcement details, leaving some uncertainties.

Changes to Rules About Foreign Adversaries Owning Agricultural Land

This law changes the definition of foreign adversaries and what kinds of interests in agricultural land are covered by existing rules.

What This Bill Does

  • Expands the list of who is considered a 'foreign adversary' to include business entities that get most of their money from foreign sources if those sources have been harmful to U.S. national security or safety.
  • Adds new types of interests in agricultural land, such as leases and mineral rights, to the definition of 'interest in agricultural land'.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People or businesses who are foreign adversaries and want to own or lease agricultural land.

Terms To Know

Foreign adversary
A country, government, or business that has been harmful to the national security or safety of the United States.
Interest in agricultural land
Any right or control over farmland, including leases and mineral rights.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The exact impact on foreign adversaries who want to own or lease agricultural land is not clear.
  • It's unclear how many business entities will be affected by the new definition of 'foreign adversary'.

Bill History

  1. 2026-03-10 House

    Left in Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources

  2. 2026-03-03 Senate

    Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB464)

  3. 2026-03-02 House

    Floor substitute printed 26108809D-H1 (Kent)

  4. 2026-03-02 House

    Floor Offered

  5. 2026-03-02 House

    Motion to rerefer to Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources agreed to

  6. 2026-03-02 Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources

    Rereferred to Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources

  7. 2026-02-27 House

    Read second time

  8. 2026-02-25 Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources

    Reported from Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources (13-Y 9-N)

  9. 2026-02-18 House

    Placed on Calendar

  10. 2026-02-18 House

    Read first time

  11. 2026-02-18 Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources

    Referred to Committee on Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources

  12. 2026-02-13 Senate

    Read second time

  13. 2026-02-13 Senate

    Rules suspended

  14. 2026-02-13 Senate

    Engrossed by Senate Block Vote (Voice Vote)

  15. 2026-02-13 Senate

    Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 3rd reading) (38-Y 0-N 0-A)

  16. 2026-02-13 Senate

    Read third time and passed Senate Block Vote (38-Y 0-N 0-A)

  17. 2026-02-12 Senate

    Rules suspended

  18. 2026-02-12 Senate

    Passed by for the day

  19. 2026-02-12 Senate

    Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 1st reading) (40-Y 0-N 0-A)

  20. 2026-02-12 Senate

    Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)

  21. 2026-02-10 Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources

    Reported from Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources (15-Y 0-N)

  22. 2026-01-26 Courts of Justice

    Rereferred from Courts of Justice to Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources (9-Y 0-N)

  23. 2026-01-26 Senate

    Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB464)

  24. 2026-01-13 Senate

    Prefiled and ordered printed; Offered 01-14-2026 26103787D

  25. 2026-01-13 Courts of Justice

    Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice

Official Summary Text

Interest in agricultural land; foreign adversaries.
Amends the definition of foreign adversary, as it relates to the prohibition on ownership of agricultural land by foreign adversaries, to include any business entity that is substantially funded by a foreign government or nongovernment person determined by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce to have engaged in a long-term pattern or serious instances of conduct significantly adverse to the national security of the United States or security and safety of United States persons. The bill also amends the definition of "interest in agricultural land" to (i) include any controlling lease, long-term land use agreement, mineral rights, or water rights and (ii) remove the exclusion for any interest that taken on its own or together with any other interest held in common or under common control does not give the holder of the interest the ability to possess or occupy the agricultural land in any manner or the power or authority to direct the conduct of the agricultural operation being conducted on the agricultural land.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
SENATE BILL NO. 464
FLOOR AMENDMENT IN THE NATURE OF A SUBSTITUTE
(Proposed by Delegate Kent
on March 2, 2026)
(Patron Prior to Substitute--Senator Stuart)
A BILL to amend and reenact §
55.1-507
of the Code of Virginia, relating to interest in agricultural land; foreign adversaries.
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia:
1. That §
55.1-507
of the Code of Virginia is amended and reenacted as follows:
§
55.1-507
. Definitions.
As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning:
"Agricultural land" means real estate in the Commonwealth used or zoned in a manner that would permit the use of the real estate for an agricultural operation.
"Agricultural operation" means any operation devoted to the bona fide production of crops, animals, or fowl, including the production of fruits and vegetables of any kind; meat, dairy, and poultry products; nuts, tobacco, nursery, and floral products; and the production and harvest of products from silvicultural activity.
"Department" means the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.
"Foreign adversary" means
(i)
any foreign government or nongovernment person determined by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce to have engaged in a long-term pattern or serious instances of conduct significantly adverse to the national security of the United States or security and safety of United States persons, as set forth in 15 C.F.R. § 7.4 or such successor regulation, declaration, or statute as may exist from time to time
or (ii) any business entity that is controlled by a foreign government or nongovernment person determined by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce to have engaged in a long-term pattern or serious instances of conduct significantly adverse to the national security of the United States or security and safety of United States persons, as set forth in 15 C.F.R. § 7.4 or such successor regulation, declaration, or statute as may exist from time to time
.
"Interest in agricultural land" means any right, title, or interest, direct or indirect, in and to (i) agricultural land or (ii) any entity or other organization that holds any right, title, or interest, direct or indirect, in and to agricultural land. For purposes of this definition, any interest that taken on its own or together with any other interest held in common or under common control does not give the holder of the interest the ability to possess or occupy the agricultural land in any manner or the power or authority to direct the conduct of the agricultural operation being conducted on the agricultural land, shall not be deemed an "interest in agricultural land" for purposes of this chapter.
"Interest in agricultural land" includes any controlling lease, long-term land use agreement, mineral rights, or water rights.