Consumer debt adjusters

AN ACT Relating to consumer debt adjusters and debt resolution 1
services providers; amending RCW 18.28.010, 18.28.080, 18.28.090, 2
18.28.100, 18.28.110, 18.28.120, 18.28.130, 18.28.140, 18.28.150, 3
18.28.200, 18.28.210, and 18.28.220; adding new sections to chapter 4
18.28 RCW; repealing RCW 18.28.165, 18.28.800, and 18.28.900; and 5
prescribing penalties. 6
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:7
Sec. 1. RCW 18.28.010 and 2015 c 167 s 1 are each amended to 8
read as follows: 9
Unless a different meaning is plainly required by the context, 10
the following words and phrases as hereinafter used in this chapter 11
shall have the following meanings: 12
(1) "Bank" means a financial institution, including a commercial 13
bank, savings bank, savings and loan association, credit union, 14
mortgage bank, or trust company, in each case engaged in the business 15
of banking, that is chartered under federal or state law by a federal 16
or state banking regulatory agency.17
(2) "Business address" means the designation of the physical 18
location of a business, including the name and number of a street.19
(3) "Business day" means a calendar day, except for Saturdays, 20
Sundays, and legal holidays.21
H-0510.2
HOUSE BILL 1599
State of Washington 69th Legislature 2025 Regular Session
By Representatives Reeves, Corry, and Walen
Read first time 01/24/25. Referred to Committee on Consumer
Protection & Business.
p. 1 HB 1599
(4) "Consumer" means an individual who has executed a contract 1
with a licensee.2
(5) "Contract" means a written agreement between a licensee and a 3
consumer that meets the requirements of RCW 18.28.100.4
(6) "Creditor" means a person that has extended credit to a 5
consumer, including any agent or assignee of the person.6
(7) "Debt adjuster," which includes any person known as a debt 7
pooler, debt manager, debt consolidator, debt prorater, or credit 8
counselor, is any person engaging in or holding himself or herself 9
out as engaging in the business of debt adjusting for compensation 10
and that holds a valid license issued pursuant to this chapter. A 11
debt adjuster is not a debt resolution services provider . ((The term 12
shall not include:13
(a) Attorneys-at-law, escrow agents, accountants, broker-dealers 14
in securities, or investment advisors in securities, while performing 15
services solely incidental to the practice of their professions;16
(b) Any person, partnership, association, or corporation doing 17
business under and as permitted by any law of this state or of the 18
United States relating to banks, consumer finance businesses, 19
consumer loan companies, trust companies, mutual savings banks, 20
savings and loan associations, building and loan associations, credit 21
unions, crop credit associations, development credit corporations, 22
industrial development corporations, title insurance companies, 23
insurance companies, or third-party account administrators;24
(c) Persons who, as employees on a regular salary or wage of an 25
employer not engaged in the business of debt adjusting, perform 26
credit services for their employer;27
(d) Public officers while acting in their official capacities and 28
persons acting under court order;29
(e) Any person while performing services incidental to the 30
dissolution, winding up or liquidation of a partnership, corporation, 31
or other business enterprise;32
(f) Nonprofit organizations dealing exclusively with debts owing 33
from commercial enterprises to business creditors;34
(g) Nonprofit organizations engaged in debt adjusting and which 35
do not assess against the debtor a service charge in excess of 36
fifteen dollars per month.37
(2))) (8) "Debt adjusting" means the managing, counseling, 38
((settling,)) adjusting, prorating, or liquidating of the 39
indebtedness of a ((debtor)) consumer, or receiving funds for the 40
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purpose of distributing said funds among creditors in payment or 1
partial payment of obligations of a ((debtor)) consumer.2
(((3))) (9) "Debt adjusting agency" is any partnership, 3
corporation, or association engaging in or holding itself out as 4
engaging in the business of debt adjusting. 5
(10) "Debt resolution services" means any program or service 6
represented, directly or by implication, to renegotiate, settle, or 7
in any way alter the terms of payment or other terms of the debt 8
between a consumer and one or more unsecured creditors including, but 9
not limited to, a reduction in the balance, interest rate, or fees 10
owed by a consumer to an unsecured creditor.11
(11) "Debt resolution services provider" means any person 12
engaging in, or holding himself or herself out as engaging in, the 13
business of providing debt adjusting services for compensation and 14
that holds a valid license issued pursuant to this chapter. A debt 15
resolution services provider is not a debt adjuster.16
(12) "Dedicated account" means an account that meets the criteria 17
set forth in section 20 of this act.18
(13) "Dedicated account service provider" means an entity that 19
facilitates transactions authorized by a consumer enrolled in a debt 20
resolution services program, pursuant to the terms of 16 C.F.R. Sec. 21
310.4(a)(5)(ii).22
(14) "Department" means the department of financial institutions.23
(15) "Director" means the director of the department of financial 24
institutions.25
(((4))) (16) "Fair share" means the creditor contributions paid 26
to nonprofit debt adjusters by the creditors whose consumers receive 27
debt adjusting services from the nonprofit debt adjusters and pay 28
down their debt accordingly. "Fair share" does not include grants 29
received by nonprofit debt adjusters for services unrelated to debt 30
adjusting. 31
(((5))) (17) "Financial institution" means any person doing 32
business under the laws of any state or the United States relating to 33
commercial banks, bank holding companies, savings banks, savings and 34
loan associations, trust companies, or credit unions.35
(18) "Licensee" means a provider of debt adjusting or debt 36
resolution services that possesses a valid license issued pursuant to 37
this chapter.38
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(19) "Person" means any individual, group, unincorporated 1
association, limited or general partnership, corporation, or other 2
business entity.3
(((6))) (20) "Third-party account administrator" means an 4
independent entity that holds or administers a dedicated bank account 5
for fees and payments to creditors, debt collectors, debt adjusters, 6
or debt adjusting agencies in connection with the renegotiation, 7
settlement, reduction, or other alteration of the terms of payment or 8
other terms of a debt. 9
Sec. 2. RCW 18.28.080 and 2015 c 167 s 2 are each amended to 10
read as follows: 11
(1) By contract a licensee providing debt ((adjuster)) adjusting 12
services may charge a reasonable fee ((for debt adjusting services )). 13
The total fee for debt adjusting services, including, but not limited 14
to, any fee charged by a financial institution or a third-party 15
account administrator, may not exceed ((fifteen)) 15 percent of the 16
total debt listed by the ((debtor)) consumer on the contract. The fee 17
retained by the debt adjuster from any one payment made by or on 18
behalf of the ((debtor)) consumer may not exceed ((fifteen)) 15 19
percent of the payment not including fair share contributions to a 20
nonprofit debt adjuster. The debt adjuster may make an initial charge 21
of up to ((twenty-five dollars )) $25 which shall be considered part 22
of the total fee. If an initial charge is made, no additional fee may 23
be retained which will bring the total fee retained to date to more 24
than ((fifteen)) 15 percent of the total payments made to date. No 25
fee whatsoever shall be applied against rent and utility payments for 26
housing. 27
In the event of cancellation or default on performance of the 28
contract by the ((debtor)) consumer prior to its successful 29
completion, the ((debt adjuster)) licensee may collect in addition to 30
fees previously received, six percent of that portion of the 31
remaining indebtedness listed on said contract which was due when the 32
contract was entered into, but not to exceed ((twenty-five dollars)) 33
$25. 34
(2) A licensee providing debt ((adjuster)) adjusting services 35
shall not be entitled to retain any fee until notifying all creditors 36
listed by the ((debtor)) consumer that the ((debtor)) consumer has 37
engaged the debt adjuster in a program of debt adjusting.38
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(((3) The department of financial institutions has authority to 1
enforce compliance with this section.))2
Sec. 3. RCW 18.28.090 and 1999 c 151 s 103 are each amended to 3
read as follows: 4
If a licensee providing debt ((adjuster)) adjusting services 5
contracts for, receives or makes any charge in excess of the maximums 6
permitted by ((this chapter)) RCW 18.28.080, except as the result of 7
an accidental and bona fide error, the debt adjuster's contract with 8
the ((debtor)) consumer shall be void and the debt adjuster shall 9
return to the ((debtor)) consumer the amount of all payments received 10
from the ((debtor)) consumer or on the ((debtor's)) consumer's behalf 11
and not distributed to creditors. 12
Sec. 4. RCW 18.28.100 and 1999 c 151 s 104 are each amended to 13
read as follows: 14
(1) Every contract between a licensee providing debt ((adjuster)) 15
adjusting services and a ((debtor)) consumer shall:16
(((1))) (a) List every debt to be handled with the creditor's 17
name and disclose the approximate total of all known debts;18
(((2))) (b) Provide in precise terms payments reasonably within 19
the ability of the ((debtor)) consumer to pay; 20
(((3))) (c) Disclose in precise terms the rate and amount of all 21
of the debt adjuster's charges and fees; 22
(((4))) (d) Disclose the approximate number and amount of 23
installments required to pay the debts in full; 24
(((5))) (e) Disclose the name and address of the debt adjuster 25
and of the ((debtor)) consumer; 26
(((6))) (f) Provide that the debt adjuster shall notify the 27
((debtor)) consumer, in writing, within five days of notification to 28
the debt adjuster by a creditor that the creditor refuses to accept 29
payment pursuant to the contract between the debt adjuster and the 30
((debtor)) consumer; 31
(((7))) (g) Contain the following notice in ((ten)) 10 point 32
boldface type or larger directly above the space reserved in the 33
contract for the signature of the ((buyer)) consumer: NOTICE TO 34
((DEBTOR)) CONSUMER: 35
(((a))) (i) Do not sign this contract before you read it or if 36
any spaces intended for the agreed terms are left blank.37
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(((b))) (ii) You are entitled to a copy of this contract at the 1
time you sign it. 2
(((c))) (iii) You may cancel this contract within three days of 3
signing by sending notice of cancellation by certified mail return 4
receipt requested to the debt adjuster at his or her address shown on 5
the contract, which notice shall be posted not later than midnight of 6
the third day (excluding Sundays and holidays) following your signing 7
of the contract; and 8
(((8))) (h) Contain such other and further provisions or 9
disclosures as are necessary for the protection of the ((debtor)) 10
consumer and the proper conduct of business by the debt adjuster.11
(2) Every contract between a licensee providing debt resolution 12
services and a consumer shall disclose:13
(a) The services the licensee will perform;14
(b) The methodology that the licensee will use to calculate fees 15
to be charged for debt resolution services and, if reasonably 16
available at the time the contract is executed, the fees that the 17
licensee will charge;18
(c) The amount of time estimated on a good-faith basis to be 19
necessary to achieve the resolution of all enrolled debts, and to the 20
extent that the service may include a resolution offer to any of the 21
consumer's creditors, the time estimated on a good-faith basis when 22
the debt resolution services provider will make a bona fide 23
resolution offer to each of them;24
(d) To the extent that the debt resolution services may include a 25
resolution offer to any of the consumer's creditors, the amount of 26
money or the percentage of each outstanding debt that the consumer 27
must accumulate before the debt resolution services provider will 28
make a bona fide resolution offer to each of them;29
(e) That debt resolution services may not be suitable for all 30
individuals;31
(f) To the extent that any aspect of the debt resolution services 32
relies upon or results in the consumer's failure to make timely 33
payments to creditors, that the failure to pay one's debts will 34
likely adversely affect the consumer's creditworthiness, may result 35
in the consumer being subject to collections efforts, including 36
lawsuits by creditors, and may increase the amount of money the 37
consumer owes due to the accrual of fees and interest;38
(g) That, unless the consumer is insolvent, if a creditor 39
resolves a debt for less than its full amount, the resolution may 40
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result in the creation of taxable income to the consumer, even though 1
the consumer does not receive any money; 2
(h) That specific results cannot be predicted or guaranteed, and 3
the licensee cannot require a creditor to negotiate or resolve a 4
debt;5
(i) That debt resolution services programs require that 6
individuals meet regular savings goals in order to enable 7
resolutions;8
(j) That the licensee does not provide tax, accounting, or legal 9
advice to individuals, unless the licensee is licensed in this state 10
to provide such advice;11
(k) That the licensee is the consumer's advocate and does not 12
receive compensation of any sort from creditors for providing debt 13
resolution services to the consumer;14
(l) That the licensee does not make monthly or other payments to 15
the consumer's creditors;16
(m) The list of debts that the contract covers; and17
(n) That, if applicable, the consumer's rights are subject to 18
mandatory arbitration of any and all disputes with the debt 19
resolution services provider.20
(3) A contract may not:21
(a) Provide for the application of the law of any jurisdiction 22
other than the United States and this state;23
(b) Except as otherwise permitted by the laws of this state and 24
the federal arbitration act, 9 U.S.C. Sec. 1 et seq., contain a 25
provision that restricts an individual's remedies under this chapter 26
or any other law of this state; or27
(c) Contain a provision that limits or releases the liability of 28
any person for not performing the contract or for violating this 29
chapter.30
Sec. 5. RCW 18.28.110 and 1999 c 151 s 105 are each amended to 31
read as follows: 32
Every ((debt adjuster )) licensee providing debt adjusting 33
services shall perform the following functions: 34
(1) Make a permanent record of all payments by ((debtors)) 35
consumers, or on the ((debtors')) consumers' behalf, and of all 36
disbursements to creditors of such ((debtors)) consumers, and shall 37
keep and maintain in this state all such records, and all payments 38
not distributed to creditors. No person shall intentionally make any 39
p. 7 HB 1599
false entry in any such record, or intentionally mutilate, destroy , 1
or otherwise dispose of any such record. Such records shall at all 2
times be open for inspection by the attorney general or the 3
((attorney general's authorized agent )) department, and shall be 4
preserved as original records or by microfilm or other methods of 5
duplication for at least six years after making the final entry 6
therein. 7
(2) Deliver a completed copy of the contract between the debt 8
adjuster and a ((debtor)) consumer to the ((debtor)) consumer 9
immediately after the ((debtor)) consumer executes the contract, and 10
sign the ((debtor's)) consumer's copy of such contract.11
(3) Unless paid by check or money order, deliver a receipt to a 12
((debtor)) consumer for each payment within five days after receipt 13
of such payment. 14
(4) Distribute to the creditors of the ((debtor)) consumer at 15
least once each ((forty)) 40 days after receipt of payment during the 16
term of the contract at least ((eighty-five)) 85 percent of each 17
payment received from the ((debtor)) consumer. 18
(5) At least once every month render an accounting to the 19
((debtor)) consumer which shall indicate the total amount received 20
from or on behalf of the ((debtor)) consumer, the total amount paid 21
to each creditor, the total amount which any creditor has agreed to 22
accept as payment in full on any debt owed the creditor by the 23
((debtor)) consumer, the amount of charges deducted, and any amount 24
held in trust. The debt adjuster shall in addition render such an 25
account to a ((debtor)) consumer within ((ten)) 10 days after written 26
demand. 27
(6) Notify the ((debtor)) consumer, in writing, within five days 28
of notification to the debt adjuster by a creditor that the creditor 29
refuses to accept payment pursuant to the contract between the debt 30
adjuster and the ((debtor)) consumer. 31
Sec. 6. RCW 18.28.120 and 2015 c 167 s 3 are each amended to 32
read as follows: 33
A ((debt adjuster )) licensee providing debt adjusting services 34
shall not: 35
(1) Take any contract, or other instrument which has any blank 36
spaces when signed by the ((debtor)) consumer; 37
p. 8 HB 1599
(2) Receive or charge any fee in the form of a promissory note or 1
other promise to pay or receive or accept any mortgage or other 2
security for any fee, whether as to real or personal property;3
(3) Lend money or credit; 4
(4) Take any confession of judgment or power of attorney to 5
confess judgment against the ((debtor)) consumer or appear as the 6
((debtor)) consumer in any judicial proceedings; 7
(5) Take, concurrent with the signing of the contract or as a 8
part of the contract or as part of the application for the contract, 9
a release of any obligation to be performed on the part of the debt 10
adjuster; 11
(6) ((Advertise services, display, distribute, broadcast or 12
televise, or permit services to be displayed, advertised, 13
distributed, broadcasted or televised in any manner whatsoever 14
wherein any false, misleading or deceptive statement or 15
representation with regard to the services to be performed by the 16
debt adjuster, or the charges to be made therefor, is made;17
(7))) Offer, pay, or give any cash, fee, gift, bonus, premiums, 18
reward, or other compensation to any person for referring any 19
prospective customer to the debt adjuster; 20
(((8))) (7) Receive any cash, fee, gift, bonus, premium, reward, 21
or other compensation, other than fair share contributions to a 22
nonprofit debt adjuster, from any person other than the ((debtor)) 23
consumer or a person in the ((debtor's)) consumer's behalf in 24
connection with his or her activities as a debt adjuster; or25
(((9))) (8) Disclose to anyone the ((debtors)) consumers who have 26
contracted with the debt adjuster; nor shall the debt adjuster 27
disclose the creditors of a ((debtor)) consumer to anyone other than: 28
(a) The ((debtor)) consumer; or (b) another creditor of the 29
((debtor)) consumer and then only to the extent necessary to secure 30
the cooperation of such a creditor in a debt adjusting plan.31
Sec. 7. RCW 18.28.130 and 1999 c 151 s 107 are each amended to 32
read as follows: 33
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing and other 34
applicable laws, the ((debt adjuster )) licensee providing debt 35
adjusting services , manager , or an employee of the debt adjuster 36
shall not: 37
(1) Prepare, advise, or sign a release of attachment or 38
garnishment, stipulation, affidavit for exemption, compromise 39
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agreement or other legal or court document, nor furnish legal advice 1
or perform legal services of any kind; 2
(2) Represent that he or she is authorized or competent to 3
furnish legal advice or perform legal services; 4
(3) Assume authority on behalf of creditors or a ((debtor)) 5
consumer or accept a power of attorney authorizing it to employ or 6
terminate the services of any attorney or to arrange the terms of or 7
compensate for such services; or 8
(4) Communicate with the ((debtor)) consumer or creditor or any 9
other person in the name of any attorney or upon the stationery of 10
any attorney or prepare any form or instrument which only attorneys 11
are authorized to prepare. 12
Sec. 8. RCW 18.28.140 and 1999 c 151 s 108 are each amended to 13
read as follows: 14
Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as prohibiting the 15
assignment of wages by a ((debtor)) consumer to a ((debt adjuster )) 16
licensee providing debt adjusting services , if such assignment is 17
otherwise in accordance with the law of this state.18
Sec. 9. RCW 18.28.150 and 1999 c 151 s 109 are each amended to 19
read as follows: 20
(1) Any payment received by a ((debt adjuster )) licensee 21
providing debt adjusting services from or on behalf of a ((debtor)) 22
consumer shall be held in trust by the debt adjuster from the moment 23
it is received. The debt adjuster shall not commingle such payment 24
with the debt adjuster's own property or funds, but shall maintain a 25
separate trust account and deposit in such account all such payments 26
received. All disbursements whether to the ((debtor)) consumer or to 27
the creditors of the ((debtor)) consumer, or to the debt adjuster, 28
shall be made from such account. 29
(2) In the event that the ((debtor)) consumer cancels or defaults 30
on the contract between the ((debtor)) consumer and the debt 31
adjuster, the debt adjuster shall close out the ((debtor's)) 32
consumer's trust account in the following manner: 33
(a) The debt adjuster may take from the account that amount 34
necessary to satisfy any fees, other than any cancellation or default 35
fee, authorized by this chapter. 36
(b) After deducting the fees provided in subsection (2)(a) of 37
this section, the debt adjuster shall distribute the remaining amount 38
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in the account to the creditors of the ((debtor)) consumer. The 1
distribution shall be made within five days of the demand therefor by 2
the ((debtor)) consumer, but if the ((debtor)) consumer fails to make 3
the demand, then the debt adjuster shall make the distribution within 4
((thirty)) 30 days of the date of cancellation or default.5
Sec. 10. RCW 18.28.200 and 1967 c 201 s 20 are each amended to 6
read as follows: 7
Notwithstanding any other actions which may be brought under the 8
laws of this state, the director, through the attorney general ((or 9
the prosecuting attorney of any county within the state )), may bring 10
an action in the name of the state against any person to restrain and 11
prevent any violation of this chapter. 12
Sec. 11. RCW 18.28.210 and 2011 c 336 s 476 are each amended to 13
read as follows: 14
The director, through the attorney general , may accept an 15
assurance of discontinuance of any act or practice deemed in 16
violation of this chapter in the enforcement thereof from any person 17
engaging in or who has engaged in such act or practice. Any such 18
assurance shall be in writing and be filed with and subject to the 19
approval of the superior court of the county in which the alleged 20
violator resides or has his or her principal place of business, or in 21
the alternative, in Thurston county. Failure to perform the terms of 22
any such assurance shall constitute prima facie proof of a violation 23
of this chapter for the purpose of securing any injunction as 24
provided for in RCW 18.28.200((: PROVIDED, That after commencement of 25
any action by a prosecuting attorney, as provided therein, the 26
attorney general may not accept an assurance of discontinuance 27
without the consent of said prosecuting attorney)).28
Sec. 12. RCW 18.28.220 and 1967 c 201 s 22 are each amended to 29
read as follows: 30
Any person who violates any injunction issued pursuant to this 31
chapter shall forfeit and pay a civil penalty of not more than ((one 32
thousand dollars )) $1,000. For the purpose of this section the 33
superior court issuing any injunction shall retain jurisdiction, and 34
the cause shall be continued, and in such cases the director, through 35
the attorney general acting in the name of the state , may petition 36
for the recovery of civil penalties. 37
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NEW SECTION. Sec. 13. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 1
RCW to read as follows: 2
Beginning July 1, 2026, no person shall provide or offer to 3
provide debt adjusting or debt resolution services in this state 4
unless the person first obtains a license from the department as 5
required by this chapter. 6
NEW SECTION. Sec. 14. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 7
RCW to read as follows: 8
(1) A licensee shall obtain a license for the licensee's primary 9
business address. 10
(2) A license may not be transferred or assigned.11
(3) A licensee shall file a surety bond in favor of this state in 12
an amount and form that the department determines before the licensee 13
may provide or offer to provide debt adjusting or debt resolution 14
services in this state, but in no event shall the amount of the bond 15
be greater than $50,000. 16
(4) A licensee may not provide debt adjusting or debt resolution 17
services in this state under a business name other than the business 18
name that is listed on the licensee's license. However, a licensee 19
may do business under a fictitious business name, if the licensee 20
registers the fictitious business name with either the secretary of 21
state or department of revenue as required, and provides evidence of 22
the registration to the department. 23
(5) The department may adopt rules to implement this section and 24
may require a reasonable license and investigation fee in connection 25
with the issuance or renewal of any license required by this section.26
NEW SECTION. Sec. 15. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 27
RCW to read as follows: 28
(1) The following persons are exempt from the requirements of 29
this chapter: 30
(a) For debt adjusters: 31
(i) Attorneys-at-law, escrow agents, accountants, broker-dealers 32
in securities, or investment advisors in securities, while performing 33
services solely incidental to the practice of their professions;34
(ii) Any person, partnership, association, or corporation doing 35
business under and as permitted by any law of this state or of the 36
United States relating to banks, consumer finance businesses, 37
consumer loan companies, trust companies, mutual savings banks, 38
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savings and loan associations, building and loan associations, credit 1
unions, crop credit associations, development credit corporations, 2
industrial development corporations, title insurance companies, 3
insurance companies, or third-party account administrators;4
(iii) Persons who, as employees on a regular salary or wage of an 5
employer not engaged in the business of debt adjusting, perform 6
credit services for their employer; 7
(iv) Public officers while acting in their official capacities 8
and persons acting under court order; 9
(v) Any person while performing services incidental to the 10
dissolution, winding up or liquidation of a partnership, corporation, 11
or other business enterprise; 12
(vi) Nonprofit organizations dealing exclusively with debts owing 13
from commercial enterprises to business creditors;14
(vii) Nonprofit organizations engaged in debt adjusting and which 15
do not assess against the debtor a service charge in excess of $15 16
per month. 17
(b) For debt resolution services providers: 18
(i) A person organized under section 501 (c) or (q) of the United 19
States internal revenue code; 20
(ii) Public officers while acting in their official capacities 21
and persons acting under court order; 22
(iii) Banks and their agents and employees; 23
(iv) Attorneys licensed to practice law in this state who provide 24
debt resolution services within an attorney-client relationship;25
(v) Creditors or their employees who negotiate debt resolutions 26
with their consumers or with licensees acting on behalf of consumers;27
(vi) Assignees for the benefit of creditors; 28
(vii) Certified public accountants licensed in this state who 29
provide debt resolution services within an accountant-client 30
relationship; 31
(viii) Dedicated account service providers that do not otherwise 32
provide debt resolution services for consumers; and33
(ix) Persons, to the extent that the person provides or agrees to 34
provide debt resolution services to an individual who the person has 35
no reason to know resides in this state at the time the person agrees 36
to provide the services. 37
(2) The following persons are exempt from the licensing 38
requirement established in section 13 of this act:39
(a) A licensee's employees; and 40
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(b) Persons who market on behalf of licensees and do not 1
otherwise provide debt adjusting or debt resolution services.2
NEW SECTION. Sec. 16. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 3
RCW to read as follows: 4
(1) The director shall administer the application process for 5
licensure and license renewal and determine the form and information 6
that the application must reasonably contain. 7
(2) An applicant for licensure must submit the following 8
information: 9
(a) Proof of a valid unified business identifier number;10
(b) The applicant's name, principal business address, and 11
telephone number; all business addresses in this state; the principal 12
email address for the business; and the principal website address to 13
be used for the business; 14
(c) The name and business address of each executive officer and 15
member of the board of directors or equivalent leadership structure;16
(d) A statement describing, to the extent it is known or should 17
be known by the applicant, any material civil or criminal judgment in 18
any jurisdiction or any enforcement action against the applicant or 19
any of its executive officers or members of its board of directors or 20
equivalent leadership structure by any local, state, or federal 21
government agency, in each case relating to debt adjusting, debt 22
pooling, prorating, activity as a credit services organization, 23
unfair and deceptive trade practices, false advertising, consumer 24
deception law or regulation, or any other similar law or regulation;25
(e) A copy of each form of contract and the schedule of fees and 26
charges that the applicant will use with consumers who reside in this 27
state; and 28
(f) Income statements and balance sheets from the applicant for 29
the two fiscal years preceding the date of the application. 30
Notwithstanding any other requirement in this chapter or elsewhere, 31
material submitted pursuant to this section shall be held 32
confidential by the director. 33
(3) In connection with any application for renewal, the licensee 34
shall provide access to the licensee's books and records with respect 35
to consumers in this state that are being or have been serviced by 36
the licensee. 37
(4) The department may require each applicant applying for 38
initial licensure under this chapter to submit a full set of 39
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fingerprints of each of the applicant's executive officers in order 1
for the department to obtain and receive national criminal history 2
records from the federal bureau of investigation criminal justice 3
information services division. Unless the department, as authorized 4
by (a) of this subsection, contracts, or makes use of any existing 5
contract, the department may submit each executive officer's 6
fingerprints, and the fee required to perform the criminal history 7
record checks, to the Washington state patrol and the federal bureau 8
of investigation for state and national criminal history record 9
checks. The department may require any fingerprints submitted 10
pursuant to this subsection to be provided in an electronic format.11
(a) The department may contract, or make use of any existing 12
contract with this state, for the collection and transmission of 13
fingerprints authorized under this subsection. If the department 14
contracts, or makes use of an existing contract, the department may 15
order the applicant to pay the fee for collecting and transmitting 16
fingerprints to the contractor. The department may agree to a 17
reasonable fingerprinting fee to be charged by the contractor to the 18
applicant. 19
(b) The department shall treat and maintain any executive 20
officer's fingerprints and any criminal history record information 21
obtained under this subsection as confidential and limit the use of 22
records solely for the purposes authorized in this subsection. The 23
fingerprints and any criminal history record information are not 24
subject to subpoena, other than a subpoena issued in a criminal 25
action or investigation, and are confidential by law and privileged, 26
and are not subject to discovery or admissible in evidence in any 27
civil action. 28
(c) The department shall refuse to issue an initial license to an 29
applicant who does not provide fingerprints in compliance with this 30
subsection. 31
(5) An applicant or licensee shall notify the department within 32
30 days after a material change in any of the information submitted 33
in connection with any application or renewal application for a 34
license under this chapter including, but not limited to:35
(a) A change in the licensee's principal place of business;36
(b) A merger or dissolution related to the license; and37
(c) A licensee pleading guilty to or being convicted of any 38
felony in a court of competent jurisdiction. 39
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(6) The department may participate in a multistate licensing 1
system for the sharing of regulatory information and for the 2
licensing and application, by electronic or other means, of persons 3
engaged in the business of debt adjusting or debt resolution 4
services. The department may establish requirements for participation 5
by an applicant in a multistate licensing system, which may vary from 6
the provisions of this chapter. The applicant shall pay directly to a 7
multistate licensing system any additional fee relating to 8
participation in a multistate licensing system. 9
NEW SECTION. Sec. 17. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 10
RCW to read as follows: 11
(1) A license to provide debt adjusting or debt resolution 12
services is valid for a period of two years from the date of 13
issuance. 14
(2) The department may deny a license if: 15
(a) The applicant does not satisfy the criteria set forth in 16
section 16 of this act; 17
(b) The application contains information that is materially 18
erroneous or materially incomplete; 19
(c) The applicant fails to provide in a timely manner such 20
information as the department reasonably expects; 21
(d) An executive officer or member of the board of directors, or 22
equivalent leadership structure, of the applicant has been convicted 23
or pled nolo contendere to a felony or an act involving fraud, 24
deceit, or dishonesty; or 25
(e) An executive officer or member of the board of directors, or 26
equivalent leadership structure, of the applicant has had a 27
professional license revoked, suspended, or subjected to enforcement 28
action in any state, and the license has not been reinstated.29
NEW SECTION. Sec. 18. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 30
RCW to read as follows: 31
(1) The department may suspend, revoke, or deny renewal of a 32
license if: 33
(a) The department asserts that the licensee has materially 34
violated this chapter or any rule adopted pursuant to this chapter or 35
any other law applicable to the conduct of the licensee's business 36
and the licensee has failed to cure the violation after notice and a 37
reasonable opportunity to cure the violation; 38
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(b) A fact or condition exists that, if it had existed when the 1
licensee applied for a license, would have warranted the department 2
refusing to issue the license; 3
(c) The licensee does not satisfy the criteria for licensure set 4
forth in section 16 of this act; 5
(d) The licensee has refused to permit the department to examine 6
the licensee's books and records, failed to comply with section 28 of 7
this act, or made a material misrepresentation or omission in 8
complying with section 28 of this act; or 9
(e) The licensee has not responded within a reasonable time and 10
in an appropriate manner to the department's communications.11
(2) If the department suspends, revokes, or denies renewal of a 12
license, the department may require the licensee to make available 13
the licensee's books and records with respect to any consumers in 14
this state that are being or have been serviced by the licensee.15
(3) A licensee may deliver a written notice to the department to 16
surrender the licensee's license. However, if a licensee surrenders 17
the licensee's license, the licensee's civil or criminal liability 18
for acts committed before the surrender is not affected.19
(4) Upon submission of a renewal application for a license and 20
until such time as a renewal application is approved or denied, the 21
licensee may continue to provide or offer to provide debt adjusting 22
or debt resolution services, but a suspension or denial of a license 23
terminates any right to provide or offer to provide debt adjusting or 24
debt resolution services in this state unless continuation is 25
approved by the department. 26
NEW SECTION. Sec. 19. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 27
RCW to read as follows: 28
(1) The director has the power and administrative discretion to 29
administer and interpret this chapter to facilitate the delivery of 30
debt resolution services and debt adjusting services to consumers of 31
this state. 32
(2) The director may issue rules and regulations to govern the 33
activities of licensed debt resolution services providers and debt 34
adjusters. 35
(3) The department may investigate the books, accounts, records, 36
and files of a licensee or any other person that the department has 37
reason to believe is providing or offering to provide debt adjusting 38
or debt resolution services in this state. 39
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NEW SECTION. Sec. 20. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 1
RCW to read as follows: 2
(1) For a licensee providing debt resolution services, the 3
following practices are permitted: 4
(a) A licensee may request or require a consumer, as a condition 5
to the provision of debt resolution services, to establish and place 6
funds into a dedicated account administered by a dedicated account 7
service provider, provided that: 8
(i) The funds are held in a federal deposit insurance 9
corporation-insured financial institution; 10
(ii) The consumer owns the funds held in the account, including 11
all accrued interest on the account, if any; 12
(iii) The dedicated account service provider is not owned or 13
controlled by, or affiliated with, the debt resolution services 14
provider. For purposes of this subsection, "affiliated with" means a 15
dedicated account service provider that controls, is controlled by, 16
or is under common control with a licensee. For purposes of this 17
subsection, "control" means the direct or indirect possession of the 18
power to direct or cause the direction of the management of a 19
licensee, whether by contract or through ownership of more than 20 20
percent of the voting securities of the license; 21
(iv) The dedicated account service provider does not give or 22
accept any money or other compensation in exchange for referrals of 23
business involving the debt resolution services; and24
(v) The consumer may terminate the debt resolution services at 25
any time without penalty by giving notice as required in section 21 26
of this act, and thereafter the licensee shall notify the dedicated 27
account service provider of the consumer's termination within five 28
business days of the consumer's notice. 29
(b) A licensee may extend credit to a consumer in the form of a 30
deferral of some or all of the licensee's fee for resolving the 31
consumer's debts, at no additional expense to the consumer. A 32
licensee may assist in arranging credit to the consumer if such 33
credit is extended to the consumer by or through a person that is 34
either separately licensed or authorized to perform lending in this 35
state or exempt from such licensure. 36
(2) For a licensee providing debt resolution services, the 37
following practices are required: 38
(a) A licensee shall maintain a toll-free telecommunications 39
system, staffed at a level that has adequate capacity to accept 40
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requests from the reasonably anticipated volume of consumers 1
contacting the licensee during ordinary business hours.2
(b) A licensee shall, at the time a contract is executed by a 3
consumer, or as shortly thereafter as practicable, distribute or 4
otherwise make available to the consumer a copy of the executed 5
contract. For purposes of this section, electronic distribution of an 6
executed contract is permitted if the consumer agrees.7
NEW SECTION. Sec. 21. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 8
RCW to read as follows: 9
For debt resolution services contracts: 10
(1) A consumer may terminate a contract at any time without 11
penalty by notifying the licensee electronically, in writing, or 12
telephonically on a recorded line. 13
(2) Upon receipt of a consumer's notice of termination, a 14
licensee shall, as soon as possible but in all instances within two 15
business days, advise the consumer of the effect, if any, a 16
termination of the consumer's debt resolution services program would 17
have on previously negotiated installment resolution contracts and 18
pending resolution negotiations. Not later than five business days 19
following the delivery of such advice, and absent further instruction 20
from the consumer, a licensee shall notify the dedicated account 21
service provider of the consumer's termination and request that the 22
dedicated account service provider communicate with the consumer 23
regarding disposition of all funds held in the dedicated account.24
(3) Notwithstanding the consumer's right to terminate as set 25
forth in subsection (1) of this section, the licensee is entitled to 26
recover all fees earned prior to the receipt of any termination 27
notice, provided that the fee is requested or received in compliance 28
with section 23 of this act. 29
NEW SECTION. Sec. 22. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 30
RCW to read as follows: 31
For debt resolution services contracts, if a consumer fails to 32
honor the consumer's contractual obligations on or before the 60th 33
day after the consumer was required to perform them, then the 34
licensee may terminate its contract with the consumer electronically 35
or in writing. If the licensee terminates the contract as permitted 36
in this section, the consumer will not owe any further payment to the 37
licensee as of the date the licensee terminates the contract, other 38
p. 19 HB 1599
than for fees previously earned by the licensee. Notwithstanding this 1
section, if a consumer refuses to pay any fee to a licensee after the 2
payment has been earned by the licensee, then the licensee may, upon 3
proper notice to the consumer either electronically or in writing, 4
terminate the licensee's contract with the consumer immediately.5
NEW SECTION. Sec. 23. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 6
RCW to read as follows: 7
For debt resolution services: 8
(1) A licensee may not impose, directly or indirectly, a fee or 9
other charge on a consumer or receive payment from or on behalf of a 10
consumer for performing debt resolution services except as provided 11
in this section. 12
(2) A licensee may not request or receive payment of any fee or 13
consideration for any debt resolution services until and unless:14
(a) The licensee has renegotiated, resolved, reduced, or 15
otherwise altered the terms of at least one debt pursuant to a 16
resolution contract or other such valid contractual agreement 17
executed by the consumer and the creditor; 18
(b) The consumer has made at least one payment pursuant to the 19
resolution contract or other valid contractual agreement between the 20
consumer and the creditor; and 21
(c) To the extent that debts enrolled in a service are 22
renegotiated, resolved, reduced, or otherwise altered individually, 23
the fee or consideration either: 24
(i) Bears the same proportional relationship to the total fee for 25
renegotiating, resolving, reducing, or altering the terms of the 26
entire debt balance as the individual debt amount bears to the entire 27
debt amount. The individual debt amount and the entire debt amount 28
are those owed at the time the debt was enrolled in the service; or29
(ii) Is a percentage of the amount saved as a result of the 30
renegotiation, resolution, reduction, or alteration. The percentage 31
charged cannot change from one individual debt to another. The amount 32
saved is the difference between the amount owed at the time the debt 33
was enrolled in the service and the amount actually paid to satisfy 34
the debt. 35
(3) A licensee may not impose charges or receive payment for debt 36
resolution services until the licensee and the consumer have signed a 37
contract that complies with RCW 18.28.100. 38
p. 20 HB 1599
(4) Any fee or other charge imposed by or on behalf of a 1
dedicated account service provider in connection with the 2
administration of a dedicated account may not be considered a fee or 3
other charge imposed for performing debt resolution services for 4
purposes of this chapter. 5
(5) Any fee or other charge imposed by or on behalf of a third-6
party legal service provider may not be considered a fee or other 7
charge imposed by a licensee for performing debt resolution services 8
for purposes of this chapter. 9
NEW SECTION. Sec. 24. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 10
RCW to read as follows: 11
A licensee providing debt resolution services, a person who 12
markets debt resolution services on behalf of a licensee, or a person 13
described in section 15(2)(b) of this act may not:14
(1) Take or exercise a power of attorney that authorizes the 15
licensee to resolve a debt. For purposes of this subsection, 16
"resolve" means entering into a binding agreement to discharge in 17
full a debt in exchange for a payment of a certain sum of money;18
(2) Send to creditors cease and desist notices, or require 19
consumers to notify creditors of changes of address or phone number, 20
meant to divert communication from the creditor to the debt 21
resolution services provider rather than the consumer;22
(3) Exercise or attempt to exercise any authority of the consumer 23
after a licensee has received notice under section 21 of this act 24
that the consumer has terminated the consumer's contract with the 25
licensee; 26
(4) Initiate, or request that a dedicated account service 27
provider initiate, a transfer from a consumer's bank account unless 28
the transfer is: 29
(a) A return of money to the consumer; 30
(b) Before any termination of a contract and properly authorized 31
by the contract and this chapter for payment of a fee; or32
(c) At the express direction of the consumer, to a consumer's 33
creditor to fund a negotiated resolution with that creditor;34
(5) Receive consumer funds or control consumer funds, other than 35
to receive funds in payment of fees earned by the debt resolution 36
services provider; 37
(6) Resolve a debt or lead a consumer to believe that a payment 38
to a creditor is in resolution of a debt to the creditor unless, at 39
p. 21 HB 1599
the time of resolution, the creditor confirms that the payment is in 1
full resolution of the debt or is part of a payment plan that, upon 2
completion, will be in full resolution of the debt;3
(7) Make any representation that: 4
(a) The licensee will furnish money to pay bills or prevent 5
attachments; or 6
(b) Participation in a program will prevent litigation, 7
garnishment, attachment, repossession, foreclosure, eviction, or loss 8
of employment; 9
(8) Misrepresent that the licensee is able to furnish legal 10
advice or perform legal services; 11
(9) Misrepresent, directly or by implication, any material aspect 12
of any debt resolution services program including, but not limited 13
to: 14
(a) The amount of money or the percentage of the debt amount that 15
a consumer may save by using such services; 16
(b) The amount of time necessary to achieve the represented 17
results; 18
(c) The amount of money or the percentage of each outstanding 19
debt that the consumer must accumulate before the provider of the 20
debt resolution services will initiate attempts with the consumer's 21
creditors or make a bona fide offer to negotiate, resolve, or modify 22
the terms of the consumer's debt; 23
(d) The effect of the service on a consumer's creditworthiness;24
(e) The effect of the service on collection efforts of the 25
consumer's creditors; 26
(f) The percentage or number of consumers who attain the 27
represented results; and 28
(g) Whether debt resolution services are offered or provided by a 29
nonprofit entity; 30
(10) Take a confession of judgment or power of attorney to 31
confess judgment against a consumer; 32
(11) Purchase a debt or obligation of the consumer, or obtain a 33
mortgage or other security interest from any person in connection 34
with the services provided to the consumer; 35
(12) Receive from or on behalf of a consumer a promissory note or 36
other negotiable instrument other than a check or a demand draft or a 37
postdated check or demand draft; or 38
(13) Except as permitted by federal law or by order of a court of 39
competent jurisdiction, disclose the identity or identifying 40
p. 22 HB 1599
information of a consumer or the identity of the consumer's 1
creditors, except to the department, upon proper demand, or to the 2
extent necessary or appropriate to administer the program including, 3
but not limited to, a dedicated account service provider or to a 4
creditor of the consumer. 5
NEW SECTION. Sec. 25. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 6
RCW to read as follows: 7
(1) A licensee who provides debt resolution services shall 8
distribute or arrange to be distributed a statement of accounting to 9
a consumer: 10
(a) While a debt resolution services contract is in effect:11
(i) At least once per month; and 12
(ii) On or before the fifth business day after a consumer 13
requests a statement of accounting from a licensee. However, this 14
section does not require a licensee to provide more than one 15
statement of accounting per month per consumer in response to the 16
consumer's request; and 17
(b) Within five business days from the date on which a consumer 18
or a licensee terminates a contract. 19
(2) A statement of accounting shall contain the following 20
information to the extent applicable: 21
(a) The amount of money that the consumer has deposited into the 22
consumer's dedicated account, and all withdrawals therefrom, from 23
initiation of the consumer's debt resolution services program;24
(b) The amounts, dates, and creditors associated with each 25
resolution obtained by the licensee on behalf of the consumer;26
(c) The fees that the licensee has charged to and collected from 27
the consumer in connection with each of the consumer's resolutions;28
(d) The amount of money that the consumer holds in the consumer's 29
dedicated account; and 30
(e) With respect to each resolution obtained by the licensee for 31
the consumer: 32
(i) The total amount of money that the consumer paid to the 33
creditor in full discharge or satisfaction of the consumer's debt;34
(ii) The amount of the debt at the time the licensee and the 35
consumer entered into their contract; 36
(iii) The amount of the debt at the time the creditor agreed to 37
resolve the debt; and 38
p. 23 HB 1599
(iv) The amount of compensation that the licensee received or 1
will receive to resolve the debt. 2
(3) Notwithstanding the requirements set forth in subsection (1) 3
of this section, a licensee that enables, or arranges to enable, 24 4
hours per day, seven days a week, electronic access by a consumer to 5
all of the consumer's deposit account transaction information, 6
including all deposit and withdrawal activity, and electronic access 7
by a consumer to account activity including, but not limited to, 8
resolution information, account status, resolution dates, resolution 9
amounts, and fees paid, is deemed to have satisfied the content 10
requirements in subsection (1)(b) of this section and the 11
distribution requirements in subsection (1)(a) of this section.12
NEW SECTION. Sec. 26. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 13
RCW to read as follows: 14
(1) A licensee may not, directly or through a person who markets 15
debt resolution services or debt adjusting services on behalf of a 16
licensee, advertise, announce, broadcast, display, distribute, print, 17
publish, televise, or permit any other person to advertise, announce, 18
broadcast, display, distribute, print, publish, or televise on the 19
licensee's behalf a statement or representation related to debt 20
resolution services or debt adjusting services that is deceptive, 21
false, or misleading. 22
(2) A licensee may not directly or indirectly provide anything of 23
value in exchange for favorable treatment in reviews or favorable 24
placement on rankings. 25
(3) Neither a licensee nor any affiliate of a licensee shall 26
directly or indirectly own or operate a website or other public-27
facing resource presenting rankings or consumer reviews of the 28
licensee. 29
(4) A licensee may not make any statement or take any action that 30
is likely to mislead consumers regarding whether reviews the licensee 31
uses to advertise its business accurately reflect all reviews 32
consumers have submitted to the licensee. 33
(5) A licensee shall comply with 16 C.F.R. Part 255 and with the 34
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Bulletin 2022-05: Unfair and 35
Deceptive Acts or Practices That Impede Consumer Reviews.36
NEW SECTION. Sec. 27. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 37
RCW to read as follows: 38
p. 24 HB 1599
(1) At the time of providing to a consumer any materials or 1
contracts required by this chapter, a licensee shall inform the 2
consumer that upon electronic, telephonic, or written request, the 3
licensee shall send the consumer a copy of the materials and shall 4
comply with a request as provided in subsection (2) of this section.5
(2) If a consumer submits a request to a licensee, before the 6
expiration of 90 days after a debt adjuster or debt resolution 7
services program is completed or terminated, to send a copy of the 8
materials required by this chapter, the licensee shall send them to 9
the consumer at no charge within five business days after the 10
request, but the licensee is not required to comply with a request 11
more than once per calendar month or if it reasonably believes the 12
request is made for purposes of harassment. If a request is made more 13
than 90 days and less than two years after a program is completed or 14
terminated, the licensee must send within a reasonable time a copy of 15
the materials requested. The licensee is not required to comply with 16
any request from a consumer made more than the later of:17
(a) Two years after a debt adjuster or debt resolution services 18
program is completed or terminated; or 19
(b) The expiration of the statute of limitations governing 20
contracts in this state. 21
(3) A licensee that maintains a website shall disclose on the 22
home page or on a page that is clearly and conspicuously connected to 23
the home page by a link that clearly reveals its contents:24
(a) The licensee's name and all names under which the licensee 25
does business in this state; and 26
(b) The licensee's principal business address, telephone number, 27
and email address, if any. 28
(4) Any licensee shall keep, for a period of two years from the 29
date the record is produced, the following records:30
(a) All substantially different advertising, brochures, 31
telemarketing scripts, promotional materials, and supportive data;32
(b) The name and last known address of each consumer, the goods 33
or services purchased, the date such goods or services were first 34
provided or the consumer signed a contract for the provision of goods 35
or services, and the amount paid by the consumer for the goods or 36
services; and 37
(c) The name, any fictitious name used, the last known home 38
address and telephone number, and the job titles for all current and 39
former employees directly involved in sales or solicitations. 40
p. 25 HB 1599
However, if the licensee permits fictitious names to be used by 1
employees, each fictitious name must be traceable to only one 2
specific employee. 3
(5) In addition to the records required by subsection (4) of this 4
section, the licensee must keep a copy of each signed contract with 5
any consumer for not less than five years from the date that the 6
consumer either graduates or terminates a debt resolution services 7
program or a contract for debt adjusting services. 8
(6) A licensee may keep the records required by subsections (4) 9
and (5) of this section in any form, and in the same manner, format, 10
or place as they keep such records in the ordinary course of 11
business. Failure to keep all records required by subsections (4) and 12
(5) of this section shall be a violation of this chapter.13
(7) In the event of any dissolution or termination of the 14
licensee's business, the principal of that licensee shall maintain 15
all records as required under subsections (4) and (5) of this 16
section. In the event of any sale, assignment, or other change in 17
ownership of the licensee's business, the successor business shall 18
maintain all records required under subsections (4) and (5) of this 19
section. 20
NEW SECTION. Sec. 28. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 21
RCW to read as follows: 22
(1) A licensee shall file with the department an annual report in 23
writing, under oath, that includes the following information for the 24
calendar year reporting period: 25
(a) Total number of active consumers in this state;26
(b) Total number of enrolled consumers in this state; and27
(c) Total fees collected in this state. 28
(2) If a licensee neglects to file an annual report or fails to 29
amend the same on or before the 30th day after the department 30
provides notice to the licensee, then the department may assess civil 31
penalties and suspend, revoke, or refuse to renew any license under 32
this chapter. 33
NEW SECTION. Sec. 29. A new section is added to chapter 18.28 34
RCW to read as follows: 35
Transactions entered into before the effective date of this 36
section, and the rights, duties, and interests resulting from them, 37
may be completed, terminated, or enforced as required or permitted by 38
p. 26 HB 1599
a law amended, repealed, modified, or preempted by this act as though 1
the amendment, repeal, modification, or preemption had not occurred.2
NEW SECTION. Sec. 30. The following acts or parts of acts are 3
each repealed:4
(1) RCW 18.28.165 (Investigations) and 1999 c 151 s 110 & 1979 c 5
156 s 7; 6
(2) RCW 18.28.800 (Nonprofit or exempt organizations — Report) and 7
2015 c 167 s 4; and 8
(3) RCW 18.28.900 (Saving prior contracts) and 1967 c 201 s 23.9
--- END ---
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