School district materials

AN ACT Relating to school district materials, supplies, and 1
operating costs; and reenacting and amending RCW 28A.150.260.2
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:3
Sec. 1. RCW 28A.150.260 and 2024 c 262 s 2 and 2024 c 191 s 2 4
are each reenacted and amended to read as follows: 5
The purpose of this section is to provide for the allocation of 6
state funding that the legislature deems necessary to support school 7
districts in offering the minimum instructional program of basic 8
education under RCW 28A.150.220. The allocation shall be determined 9
as follows: 10
(1) The governor shall and the superintendent of public 11
instruction may recommend to the legislature a formula for the 12
distribution of a basic education instructional allocation for each 13
common school district. 14
(2)(a) The distribution formula under this section shall be for 15
allocation purposes only. Except as may be required under subsections 16
(4)(b) and (c), (5)(b) and (c), (8), and (9) of this section, chapter 17
28A.155, 28A.165, 28A.180, or 28A.185 RCW, or federal laws and 18
regulations, nothing in this section requires school districts to use 19
basic education instructional funds to implement a particular 20
instructional approach or service. Nothing in this section requires 21
S-0472.1
SENATE BILL 5192
State of Washington 69th Legislature 2025 Regular Session
By Senators Nobles, Wellman, Chapman, Cortes, Dhingra, Hasegawa,
Krishnadasan, Pedersen, Slatter, Stanford, Trudeau, and C. Wilson
Prefiled 01/09/25. Read first time 01/13/25. Referred to Committee
on Early Learning & K-12 Education.
p. 1 SB 5192
school districts to maintain a particular classroom teacher-to-1
student ratio or other staff-to-student ratio or to use allocated 2
funds to pay for particular types or classifications of staff. 3
Nothing in this section entitles an individual teacher to a 4
particular teacher planning period. 5
(b) To promote transparency in state funding allocations, the 6
superintendent of public instruction must report state per-pupil 7
allocations for each school district for the general apportionment, 8
special education, learning assistance, transitional bilingual, 9
highly capable, and career and technical education programs. The 10
superintendent must report this information in a user-friendly format 11
on the main page of the office's website. School districts must 12
include a link to the superintendent's per-pupil allocations report 13
on the main page of the school district's website. In addition, the 14
budget documents published by the legislature for the enacted omnibus 15
operating appropriations act must report statewide average per-pupil 16
allocations for general apportionment and the categorical programs 17
listed in this subsection. 18
(3)(a) To the extent the technical details of the formula have 19
been adopted by the legislature and except when specifically provided 20
as a school district allocation, the distribution formula for the 21
basic education instructional allocation shall be based on minimum 22
staffing and nonstaff costs the legislature deems necessary to 23
support instruction and operations in prototypical schools serving 24
high, middle, and elementary school students as provided in this 25
section. The use of prototypical schools for the distribution formula 26
does not constitute legislative intent that schools should be 27
operated or structured in a similar fashion as the prototypes. 28
Prototypical schools illustrate the level of resources needed to 29
operate a school of a particular size with particular types and grade 30
levels of students using commonly understood terms and inputs, such 31
as class size, hours of instruction, and various categories of school 32
staff. It is the intent that the funding allocations to school 33
districts be adjusted from the school prototypes based on the actual 34
number of annual average full-time equivalent students in each grade 35
level at each school in the district and not based on the grade-level 36
configuration of the school to the extent that data is available. The 37
allocations shall be further adjusted from the school prototypes with 38
minimum allocations for small schools and to reflect other factors 39
identified in the omnibus appropriations act. 40
p. 2 SB 5192
(b) For the purposes of this section, prototypical schools are 1
defined as follows: 2
(i) A prototypical high school has 600 average annual full-time 3
equivalent students in grades nine through 12; 4
(ii) A prototypical middle school has 432 average annual full-5
time equivalent students in grades seven and eight; and6
(iii) A prototypical elementary school has 400 average annual 7
full-time equivalent students in grades kindergarten through six.8
(4)(a)(i) The minimum allocation for each level of prototypical 9
school shall be based on the number of full-time equivalent classroom 10
teachers needed to provide instruction over the minimum required 11
annual instructional hours under RCW 28A.150.220 and provide at least 12
one teacher planning period per school day, and based on the 13
following general education average class size of full-time 14
equivalent students per teacher: 15
General education16
average class size17
Grades K-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.0018
Grade 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.0019
Grades 5-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.0020
Grades 7-8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.5321
Grades 9-12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.7422
(ii) The minimum class size allocation for each prototypical high 23
school shall also provide for enhanced funding for class size 24
reduction for two laboratory science classes within grades nine 25
through 12 per full-time equivalent high school student multiplied by 26
a laboratory science course factor of 0.0833, based on the number of 27
full-time equivalent classroom teachers needed to provide instruction 28
over the minimum required annual instructional hours in RCW 29
28A.150.220, and providing at least one teacher planning period per 30
school day: 31
Laboratory science32
average class size33
Grades 9-12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.9834
(b)(i) Beginning September 1, 2019, funding for average K-3 class 35
sizes in this subsection (4) may be provided only to the extent of, 36
and proportionate to, the school district's demonstrated actual class 37
size in grades K-3, up to the funded class sizes. 38
p. 3 SB 5192
(ii) The office of the superintendent of public instruction shall 1
develop rules to implement this subsection (4)(b). 2
(c)(i) The minimum allocation for each prototypical middle and 3
high school shall also provide for full-time equivalent classroom 4
teachers based on the following number of full-time equivalent 5
students per teacher in career and technical education:6
Career and technical7
education average8
class size9
Approved career and technical education offered at10
the middle school and high school level. . . . . . . . . . . . 23.0011
Skill center programs meeting the standards established12
by the office of the superintendent of public 13
instruction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.0014
(ii) Funding allocated under this subsection (4)(c) is subject to 15
RCW 28A.150.265. 16
(d) In addition, the omnibus appropriations act shall at a 17
minimum specify: 18
(i) A high-poverty average class size in schools where more than 19
50 percent of the students are eligible for free and reduced-price 20
meals; and 21
(ii) A specialty average class size for advanced placement and 22
international baccalaureate courses. 23
(5)(a) The minimum allocation for each level of prototypical 24
school shall include allocations for the following types of staff in 25
addition to classroom teachers: 26
27
28
Elementary
School
Middle
School
High
School
29
30
Principals, assistant principals, and other certificated building-level
administrators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.253

1.353

1.880
31
32
Teacher-librarians, a function that includes information literacy, technology,
and media to support school library media programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0.663

0.519

0.523
33
34
Paraeducators, including any aspect of educational instructional services
provided by classified employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.012

0.776

0.728
35 Office support and other noninstructional aides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.088 2.401 3.345
36 Custodians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.657 1.942 2.965
37 Nurses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.585 0.888 0.824
p. 4 SB 5192
1 Social workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.311 0.088 0.127
2 Psychologists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.104 0.024 0.049
3 Counselors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.993 1.716 3.039
4 Classified staff providing student and staff safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.079 0.092 0.141
5 Parent involvement coordinators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0825 0.00 0.00
(b)(i) The superintendent may only allocate funding, up to the 6
combined minimum allocations, for nurses, social workers, 7
psychologists, counselors, classified staff providing student and 8
staff safety, and parent involvement coordinators under (a) of this 9
subsection to the extent of and proportionate to a school district's 10
demonstrated actual ratios of: Full-time equivalent physical, social, 11
and emotional support staff to full-time equivalent students.12
(ii) The superintendent must adopt rules to implement this 13
subsection (5)(b) and the rules must require school districts to 14
prioritize funding allocated as required by (b)(i) of this subsection 15
for physical, social, and emotional support staff who hold a valid 16
educational staff associate certificate appropriate for the staff's 17
role. 18
(iii) For the purposes of this subsection (5)(b), "physical, 19
social, and emotional support staff" include nurses, social workers, 20
psychologists, counselors, classified staff providing student and 21
staff safety, parent involvement coordinators, and other school 22
district employees and contractors who provide physical, social, and 23
emotional support to students as defined by the superintendent.24
(c) The superintendent shall develop rules that require school 25
districts to use the additional funding provided under (a) of this 26
subsection to support increased staffing, prevent layoffs, or 27
increase salaries for the following staff types in the 2024-25 school 28
year: Paraeducators, office support, and noninstructional aides. The 29
superintendent shall collect data from school districts on how the 30
increased allocations are used. 31
(6)(a) The minimum staffing allocation for each school district 32
to provide district -wide support services shall be allocated per one 33
thousand annual average full -time equivalent students in grades K -12 34
as follows: 35
Staff per 1,00036
K-12 students37
Technology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.62838
p. 5 SB 5192
Facilities, maintenance, and grounds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8131
Warehouse, laborers, and mechanics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3322
(b) The minimum allocation of staff units for each school 3
district to support certificated and classified staffing of central 4
administration shall be 5.30 percent of the staff units generated 5
under subsections (4)(a) and (5) of this section and (a) of this 6
subsection. 7
(7) The distribution formula shall include staffing allocations 8
to school districts for career and technical education and skill 9
center administrative and other school-level certificated staff, as 10
specified in the omnibus appropriations act. 11
(8)(a) Except as provided in (b) of this subsection, the minimum 12
allocation for each school district shall ((include allocations per 13
annual average full-time equivalent student for the following )) be 14
$1,723.42 per full-time equivalent student, as determined under (e) 15
of this subsection, for materials, supplies, and operating costs ((as 16
provided in the 2023-24 school year, after which the allocations 17
shall)) to be adjusted annually for inflation ((as specified in the 18
omnibus appropriations act:19
Per annual average20
full-time equivalent student21
in grades K-1222
Technology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $178.9823
Utilities and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $430.2624
Curriculum and textbooks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $164.4825
Other supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $326.5426
Library materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $22.6527
Instructional professional development for certificated and28
classified staff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $28.9429
Facilities maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $206.2230
Security and central office administration. . . . . . . . $146.37))31
beginning in fiscal year 2026. For purposes of this subsection, 32
"inflation" means the implicit price deflator for the previous 33
calendar year as of the beginning of the school year, using the 34
official current base, compiled by the bureau of economic analysis, 35
United States department of commerce.36
(b) In addition to the amount ((s)) provided in (a) of this 37
subsection, ((beginning in the 2023-24 school year, the omnibus 38
appropriations act shall provide the following minimum allocation for 39
p. 6 SB 5192
each annual average )) each school district shall receive a minimum 1
allocation of $229.37 for each full-time equivalent student , as 2
determined under (e) of this subsection, in grades nine through 12 3
for ((the following)) materials, supplies, and operating costs, to be 4
adjusted annually for inflation((:5
Per annual average6
full-time equivalent student7
in grades 9-128
Technology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $44.059
Curriculum and textbooks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $48.0610
Other supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $94.0711
Library materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6.0512
Instructional professional development for certificated and13
classified staff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $8.01))14
beginning in fiscal year 2026. For purposes of this subsection, 15
"inflation" means the implicit price deflator for the previous 16
calendar year as of the beginning of the school year, using the 17
official current base, compiled by the bureau of economic analysis, 18
United States department of commerce.19
(c) The increased allocation amount s of (($21 per annual 20
average)) $156.67 per full-time equivalent student ((for materials, 21
supplies, and operating costs )) provided under (a) of this subsection 22
((is)) and $20.85 per full-time equivalent student in grades nine 23
through 12 provided under (b) of this subsection are intended to 24
address growing ((costs in the enumerated categories )) material, 25
supply, and operating costs and may not be expended for any other 26
purpose. 27
(d) Each school district must annually report all expenditures 28
for materials, supplies, and operating costs, disaggregated by the 29
following categories, to the office of the superintendent of public 30
instruction:31
(i) Technology;32
(ii) Utilities and insurance;33
(iii) Curriculum and textbooks;34
(iv) Library materials;35
(v) Other supplies;36
(vi) Instructional professional development for certificated and 37
classified staff;38
(vii) Facilities maintenance; and39
p. 7 SB 5192
(viii) Security and central office administration.1
(e) For the purposes of calculating allocations under this 2
subsection (8), a school district's full-time equivalent student 3
enrollment is the average of the district's prior three school years' 4
total annual average full-time equivalent enrollment.5
(9)(a) In addition to the amounts provided in subsection (8) of 6
this section and subject to RCW 28A.150.265, the omnibus 7
appropriations act shall provide an amount based on full-time 8
equivalent student enrollment , as determined under (b) of this 9
subsection, in each of the following: 10
(((a))) (i) Exploratory career and technical education courses 11
for students in grades seven through 12; 12
(((b))) (ii) Preparatory career and technical education courses 13
for students in grades nine through 12 offered in a high school; and14
(((c))) (iii) Preparatory career and technical education courses 15
for students in grades 11 and 12 offered through a skill center.16
(b) For the purposes of calculating allocations under this 17
subsection (9), a school district's full-time equivalent student 18
enrollment is the average of the district's prior three school years' 19
total annual average full-time equivalent enrollment.20
(10) In addition to the allocations otherwise provided under this 21
section, amounts shall be provided to support the following programs 22
and services: 23
(a)(i) To provide supplemental instruction and services for 24
students who are not meeting academic standards through the learning 25
assistance program under RCW 28A.165.005 through 28A.165.065, 26
allocations shall be based on the greater of either: The district 27
percentage of students in kindergarten through grade 12 who were 28
eligible for free or reduced-price meals for the school year 29
immediately preceding the district's participation, in whole or part, 30
in the United States department of agriculture's community 31
eligibility provision, or the district percentage of students in 32
grades K-12 who were eligible for free or reduced-price meals in the 33
prior school year. The minimum allocation for the program shall, 34
except as provided in (a)(iii) of this subsection, provide for each 35
level of prototypical school resources to provide, on a statewide 36
average, 2.3975 hours per week in extra instruction with a class size 37
of 15 learning assistance program students per teacher.38
(ii) In addition to funding allocated under (a)(i) of this 39
subsection, to provide supplemental instruction and services for 40
p. 8 SB 5192
students who are not meeting academic standards in qualifying 1
schools. A qualifying school, except as provided in (a)(iv) of this 2
subsection, means a school in which the three-year rolling average of 3
the prior year total annual average enrollment that qualifies for 4
free or reduced-price meals equals or exceeds 50 percent or more of 5
its total annual average enrollment. A school continues to meet the 6
definition of a qualifying school if the school: Participates in the 7
United States department of agriculture's community eligibility 8
provision; and met the definition of a qualifying school in the year 9
immediately preceding their participation. The minimum allocation for 10
this additional high poverty-based allocation must provide for each 11
level of prototypical school resources to provide, on a statewide 12
average, 1.1 hours per week in extra instruction with a class size of 13
15 learning assistance program students per teacher, under RCW 14
28A.165.055, school districts must distribute the high poverty-based 15
allocation to the schools that generated the funding allocation.16
(iii) For the 2024-25 and 2025-26 school years, allocations under 17
(a)(i) of this subsection for school districts providing meals at no 18
charge to students under RCW 28A.235.135 that are not participating, 19
in whole or in part, in the United States department of agriculture's 20
community eligibility provision shall be based on the school district 21
percentage of students in grades K-12 who were eligible for free or 22
reduced-price meals in school years 2019-20 through 2022-23 or the 23
prior school year, whichever is greatest. 24
(iv) For the 2024-25 and 2025-26 school years, a school providing 25
meals at no charge to students under RCW 28A.235.135 that is not 26
participating in the department of agriculture's community 27
eligibility provision continues to meet the definition of a 28
qualifying school under (a)(ii) of this subsection if the school met 29
the definition during one year of the 2019-20 through 2022-23 school 30
years, or in the prior school year. 31
(b)(i) To provide supplemental instruction and services for 32
students whose primary language is other than English, allocations 33
shall be based on the head count number of students in each school 34
who are eligible for and enrolled in the transitional bilingual 35
instruction program under RCW 28A.180.010 through 28A.180.080. The 36
minimum allocation for each level of prototypical school shall 37
provide resources to provide, on a statewide average, 4.7780 hours 38
per week in extra instruction for students in grades kindergarten 39
through six and 6.7780 hours per week in extra instruction for 40
p. 9 SB 5192
students in grades seven through 12, with 15 transitional bilingual 1
instruction program students per teacher. Notwithstanding other 2
provisions of this subsection (10), the actual per-student allocation 3
may be scaled to provide a larger allocation for students needing 4
more intensive intervention and a commensurate reduced allocation for 5
students needing less intensive intervention, as detailed in the 6
omnibus appropriations act. 7
(ii) To provide supplemental instruction and services for 8
students who have exited the transitional bilingual program, 9
allocations shall be based on the head count number of students in 10
each school who have exited the transitional bilingual program within 11
the previous two years based on their performance on the English 12
proficiency assessment and are eligible for and enrolled in the 13
transitional bilingual instruction program under RCW 14
28A.180.040(1)(g). The minimum allocation for each prototypical 15
school shall provide resources to provide, on a statewide average, 16
3.0 hours per week in extra instruction with 15 exited students per 17
teacher. 18
(c) To provide additional allocations to support programs for 19
highly capable students under RCW 28A.185.010 through 28A.185.030, 20
allocations shall be based on 5.0 percent of each school district's 21
full-time equivalent basic education enrollment. The minimum 22
allocation for the programs shall provide resources to provide, on a 23
statewide average, 2.1590 hours per week in extra instruction with 24
fifteen highly capable program students per teacher.25
(11) The allocations under subsections (4)(a), (5), (6), and (8) 26
of this section shall be enhanced as provided under RCW 28A.150.390 27
on an excess cost basis to provide supplemental instructional 28
resources for students with disabilities. 29
(12)(a) For the purposes of allocations for prototypical high 30
schools and middle schools under subsections (4) and (10) of this 31
section that are based on the percent of students in the school who 32
are eligible for free and reduced-price meals, the actual percent of 33
such students in a school shall be adjusted by a factor identified in 34
the omnibus appropriations act to reflect underreporting of free and 35
reduced-price meal eligibility among middle and high school students.36
(b) Allocations or enhancements provided under subsections (4), 37
(7), and (9) of this section for exploratory and preparatory career 38
and technical education courses shall be provided only for courses 39
p. 10 SB 5192
approved by the office of the superintendent of public instruction 1
under chapter 28A.700 RCW. 2
(13)(a) This formula for distribution of basic education funds 3
shall be reviewed biennially by the superintendent and governor. The 4
recommended formula shall be subject to approval, amendment or 5
rejection by the legislature. 6
(b) In the event the legislature rejects the distribution formula 7
recommended by the governor, without adopting a new distribution 8
formula, the distribution formula for the previous school year shall 9
remain in effect. 10
(c) The enrollment of any district shall be the annual average 11
number of full-time equivalent students and part-time students as 12
provided in RCW 28A.150.350, enrolled on the first school day of each 13
month, including students who are in attendance pursuant to RCW 14
28A.335.160 and 28A.225.250 who do not reside within the servicing 15
school district. The definition of full-time equivalent student shall 16
be determined by rules of the superintendent of public instruction 17
and shall be included as part of the superintendent's biennial budget 18
request. The definition shall be based on the minimum instructional 19
hour offerings required under RCW 28A.150.220. Any revision of the 20
present definition shall not take effect until approved by the house 21
ways and means committee and the senate ways and means committee.22
(d) The office of financial management shall make a monthly 23
review of the superintendent's reported full-time equivalent students 24
in the common schools in conjunction with RCW 43.62.050.25
--- END ---
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