West Virginia Consumer Privacy Act of 2026

HB 4868 Text

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House Bill 4868 History

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Key:
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WEST VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE
2026
REGULAR SESSION
Introduced
House Bill 4868
By Delegates Hite, G. Howell, Green, and G. Ward
[Introduced January 28, 2026; referred to the Committee on the Judiciary]
A BILL to amend the Code of West Virginia, 1931, as amended, by adding a

new article, designated §46A-9-101, §46A-9-102, and §46A-9-103, relating to the enactment of the West Virginia Consumer Privacy Act of 2026; defining terms and applicability; establishing fines and penalties for violations.
Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia:

ARTICLE 9. THE WEST VIRGINIA CONSUMER PRIVACY ACT OF 2026.

§46A-9-101. Purpose of the West Virginia Consumer Privacy Act of 2026.

(a) The purpose of "The West Virginia Consumer Financial Privacy Act of 2026" is to ensure West Virginia consumers are protected against the disclosure, sale, or both of their personal financial information, without their written authorization.
(b) As citizens of the United States of America, West Virginians are afforded certain protections from the release of information to federal authorities by the Federal Right to Financial Privacy Act of 1978. However, these protections only apply to the release of information to federal authorities. West Virginians do not currently have any reasonable expectation of financial privacy from a credit reporting agency or any private business.

§46A-9-102. Definitions and Applicability.

(a) "Consumer" means a natural person to whom a sale, lease, or offer of a line of credit is made in a consumer transaction; and
(b) "Consumer transaction" means a sale, lease, or offer of a line of credit to a natural person or persons for a personal, family, household, or agricultural purpose.
(c) A consumer applying for credit from any financial institution, creditor utilizing any credit reporting agency, or private business, shall have the right to "opt-in" to each disclosure or sale of their personal financial information. This includes information that a credit report was obtained by, but not limited to, the following:
(1) Financial institutions; or
(2) Creditors; or
(3) Mortgage lenders; or
(4) Mortgage brokers.
(d) The customer shall be given all information to determine what personal information is being sold or shared. This will allow the consumer to take an active role in the security of their personal information and maintain a reasonable expectation of privacy in their financial information. Further, it will allow for a greater knowledge of how their records are handled, how they have been disclosed, or how they have been sold.
(e) Providing this information and the means to control the spread of personal financial information will allow consumers to protect themselves against greater threats of identity theft, deceptive business practices, data mining, and overwhelming unsolicited inquiries.
(f) All consumer transactions involving the harvesting of personal financial information are covered by the protections of this article.

§46A-9-103. Fines and Penalties.

(a) Violators of §46A-9-1
et seq.
shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned for more than one year, or both.
(b) Each violation shall be treated as a separate offense.
(c) As described in §46A-5-104, any violation of the provisions of this article will result in the court considering the award of reasonable attorney’s fees and expenses to the consumer upon examination of the following factors:
(1) The time and labor required;
(2) The novelty and difficulty of the questions;
(3) The skill requisite to perform the legal service properly;
(4) Preclusion of other employment by the attorney due to acceptance of the case;
(5) The customary fee;
(6) Whether the fee is fixed or contingent;
(7) Time limitations imposed by the client or the circumstances;
(8) The amount involved and the amount of the judgment and any nonmonetary relief obtained;
(9) The experience, reputation, and ability of the attorneys;
(10) The undesirability of the case;
(11) The nature and length of the professional relationship with the client; and
(12) Awards in similar cases.
(d) Upon a finding by the court that a claim brought under this chapter was brought in bad faith and for the purposes of harassment, the court may award reasonable attorney’s fees and expenses to the defendant under an analysis of the factors set forth in subsection (a) of this section.
(e) Any civil action or other proceeding brought by a consumer to recover actual damages or a penalty, or both, from creditor or a debt collector, founded upon illegal, fraudulent or unconscionable conduct, or prohibited debt collection practice, or both, shall be brought either in the circuit court of the county in which the plaintiff has his or her legal residence at the time of the civil action, the circuit court of the county in which the plaintiff last resided in the state of West Virginia, or in the circuit court of the county in which the creditor or debt collector has its principal place of business or, if the creditor or debt collector is an individual, in the circuit court of the county of his or her legal residence. With respect to causes of action arising under this chapter, the venue provisions of this section shall be exclusive of and shall supersede the venue provisions of any other West Virginia statute or rule.

NOTE: The purpose of this bill is to enact the West Virginia Consumer Privacy Act of 2026.
Strike-throughs indicate language that would be stricken from a heading or the present law and underscoring indicates new language that would be added.

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