Create a limited and predictable water-quantity review framework for High Impact Data Centers (HIDCs) in West Virginia.

HB 5590 Text

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= existing Code.
Red
= new code to be enacted

WEST VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE
2026
REGULAR SESSION
Introduced
House Bill 5590
By Delegate Green
[Introduced February 16, 2026; referred to the Committee on Energy and Public Works]
A BILL to amend the Code of West Virginia, 1931, as amended, by adding a new section, designated §5B-2-21c, relating to water quantity disclosure and review for high impact data centers; requiring pre-construction public notice of anticipated water usage; requiring submission of projected withdrawal information to the Department of Environmental Protection; limiting review to water quantity considerations; authorizing conditioning or denial only when proposed withdrawals would reduce available water supply below levels necessary to meet existing lawful demands; requiring annual reporting of actual water withdrawals; allowing existing reports submitted to the department to satisfy reporting requirements; and clarifying that no new permitting program or water quality authority is created.
Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia:

ARTICLE 2. WEST VIRGINIA DEVELOPMENT OFFICE.

§5B-2-21c. Water quantity disclosure and review for high impact data centers.

(a) Applicability. — This section applies solely to certified high impact data centers. This section does not apply to microgrids, electric generation facilities, or other industrial development.
(b) Pre-construction public notice. — Prior to commencement of construction, a certified high impact data center shall provide public notice of its anticipated water usage. The timing and manner of such notice shall be determined in coordination with the Department of Environmental Protection. The notice shall include:
(1) Identification of each proposed water source, including surface water, groundwater, or water purchased from a public water system;
(2) The estimated maximum daily and monthly withdrawal volumes, if applicable;
(3) A general description of intended water use, including:
(A) Initial system fill volumes, if applicable;
(B) Estimated ongoing monthly or seasonal replacement volumes due to evaporation, discharge, or other loss;
(C) Use of groundwater wells, if applicable; or
(D) A statement that the facility does not rely on water withdrawals, if applicable.
Nothing in this subsection requires disclosure of proprietary technical or operational information beyond water quantity data.
(c) Submission to Department of Environmental Protection. — Prior to certification, the entity shall submit to the Department of Environmental Protection:
(1) The information required under subsection (b) of this section;
(2) The projected maximum daily and monthly withdrawals; and
(3) A statement demonstrating that:
The proposed withdrawals will not reduce available water supply below levels necessary to meet the existing lawful demands of public water systems or other lawful users, including industrial, agricultural, commercial, or downstream users, including during periods of drought or low-flow conditions.
(d) Department review. — The Department of Environmental Protection shall review the submission solely for purposes of evaluating water quantity availability.
The department may condition or deny approval of proposed withdrawals only if it determines that the withdrawals would materially reduce available water supply below levels necessary to meet the existing lawful demands of public water systems, industrial users, agricultural users, commercial users, or other lawful downstream users, including during periods of drought or low-flow conditions.
Nothing in this section authorizes review of water quality, ecological impact, or environmental considerations beyond existing law.
(e) Annual reporting. — Each certified high impact data center that withdraws water shall submit to the Department of Environmental Protection, at least annually:
(1) The total actual water withdrawals for the preceding calendar year;
(2) A comparison of actual usage to the projected amounts originally submitted under subsection (c) of this section; and
(3) A statement explaining any material deviation from projected amounts.
If substantially similar water withdrawal information is provided to the Department of Environmental Protection through another report required under state or federal law, submission of that report shall satisfy the requirements of this subsection, and no separate report shall be required.
The department may require corrective measures only if actual withdrawals materially exceed projected withdrawals in a manner that materially reduces available water supply below levels necessary to meet existing lawful demands.
(f) Construction. — Nothing in this section:
(1) Creates a new permitting program;
(2) Expands water quality regulation beyond existing law;
(3) Applies to microgrids or electric generation facilities; or
(4) Limits otherwise lawful economic development when sufficient water quantity exists.

NOTE: The purpose of this bill relates to water quantity disclosure and review for high impact data centers.
Strike-throughs indicate language that would be stricken from a heading or the present law and underscoring indicates new language that would be added.

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