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HB0043 • 2021

Digital assets-amendments.

AN ACT relating to digital assets; amending the definition of digital asset; amending provisions relating to the nature of digital assets under commercial law; amending security interest provisions relating to digital assets; specifying the application of commercial law to specific types of digital assets; clarifying provisions relating to custody of digital assets by banks; establishing that certain digital asset provisions are consumer protection statutes for commercial law purposes; and providing for an effective date.

Technology
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
BlockChain/Technology
Last action
2021-04-05
Official status
enrolled
Effective date
7/1/2021

Plain English Breakdown

The candidate explanation included some claims about specific mechanisms for custody and possession which are not fully detailed in the provided official source material.

Digital Assets Amendments

This law changes how digital assets like virtual currency and digital securities are defined, protected, and managed under Wyoming's commercial laws.

What This Bill Does

  • Defines 'digital asset' as either a digital consumer asset, digital security, or virtual currency.
  • Specifies that chapter 29 of title 34 shall be considered a consumer protection statute for the purposes of W.S. 34.1-9-201(b).
  • Clarifies how banks can hold digital assets in custody without it being considered a deposit.
  • Changes how security interests (like liens) are perfected for digital securities and virtual currencies.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People who own digital assets like virtual currency or digital securities.
  • Banks and other financial institutions that hold digital assets in custody.
  • Businesses dealing with digital assets under commercial law.

Terms To Know

Digital asset
A type of property stored digitally, including virtual currency or digital securities.
Consumer protection statute
Laws designed to protect consumers from unfair business practices.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The law does not cover all types of digital assets and may need updates as new technologies emerge.
  • It is unclear how this law will affect international transactions involving Wyoming-based entities.

Bill History

  1. 2021-04-05 LSO

    Assigned Chapter Number 91

  2. 2021-04-05 Governor

    Governor Signed HEA No. 0061

  3. 2021-04-01 Senate

    S President Signed HEA No. 0061

  4. 2021-04-01 House

    H Speaker Signed HEA No. 0061

  5. 2021-04-01 LSO

    Assigned Number HEA No. 0061

  6. 2021-03-31 Senate

    S 3rd Reading:Passed 30-0-0-0-0

  7. 2021-03-30 Senate

    S 2nd Reading:Passed

  8. 2021-03-29 Senate

    S COW:Passed

  9. 2021-03-26 Senate

    S Placed on General File

  10. 2021-03-26 Senate

    S01 - Judiciary:Recommend Do Pass 5-0-0-0-0

  11. 2021-03-17 Senate

    S Introduced and Referred to S01 - Judiciary

  12. 2021-03-17 Senate

    S Received for Introduction

  13. 2021-03-03 House

    H 3rd Reading:Passed 48-12-0-0-0

  14. 2021-03-02 House

    H 2nd Reading:Passed

  15. 2021-03-01 House

    H COW:Passed

  16. 2021-03-01 House

    H Placed on General File

  17. 2021-03-01 House

    H01 - Judiciary:Recommend Do Pass 9-0-0-0-0

  18. 2021-02-05 House

    H Introduced and Referred to H01 - Judiciary

  19. 2021-01-12 House

    H Received for Introduction

  20. 2021-01-06 LSO

    Bill Number Assigned

Official Summary Text

Bill Summary - 21LSO-0335
Bill No.:

HB0043

Effective:

7/1/2021 12:00:00 AM

LSO No.:

21LSO-0335

Enrolled Act No.:

HEA No. 0061

Chapter No.:

91

Prime Sponsor:

Select Committee on Blockchain, Financial Technology and Digital Innovation Technology

Catch Title:

Digital assets-amendments.

Subject:

Digital assets.

Summary/Major Elements:

This act amends the definition of "digital asset" in W.S. 34-29-101(a)(i)

to specify that it is either a digital consumer asset, digital security, or virtual currency, and amends sections 102, 103 and 104 in that same chapter to:

Specify that chapter 29 of title 34 shall be considered a consumer protection statute for the purposes of W.S. 34.1-9-201
(b);

Specify that perfection of a security interest in a digital security may be achieved by control and further amends how perfection of a digital asset can be achieved, including through possession or filing a financing statement;

Add the right to exclude others from the use of property to the definition of "possession" for the purposes of article 9, title 34.1 of the Wyoming statutes and W.S. 34-29-103;

Make conforming amendments, including those relating to banks holding digital assets in custody.
The above summary is not an official publication of the Wyoming Legislature and is not an official statement of legislative intent.

While the Legislative Service Office endeavored to provide accurate information in this summary, it should not be relied upon as a comprehensive abstract of the bill.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
21LSO-0335

ORIGINAL House

Bill No
.
HB0043

ENROLLED ACT NO. 61,

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

SIXTY-SIXTH LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WYOMING
2021 General Session

AN ACT relating to digital assets; amending the definition of digital asset; amending provisions relating to the nature of digital assets under commercial law; amending security interest provisions relating to digital assets; specifying the application of commercial law to specific types of digital assets; clarifying provisions relating to custody of digital assets by banks; establishing that certain digital asset provisions are consumer protection statutes for commercial law purposes; and providing for an effective date.

Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Wyoming:

Section 1
.

W.S. 34
‑
29
‑
101(a)(i), 34
‑
29
‑
102(b) and by creating a new subsection (e), 34
‑
29
‑
103(a) through (d), (e)(i)(intro), (iv), (g)(intro), (i) and (ii) and 34
‑
29
‑
104(d)(intro), (ii) and (e) are amended to read:

34
‑
29
‑
101.

Definitions.

(a)

As used in this chapter:

(i)

"Digital asset" means a representation of economic, proprietary or access rights that is stored in a computer readable format
,
and
includes digital consumer assets, digital securities and virtual currency
is either a digital consumer asset, digital security or virtual currency
;

34
‑
29
‑
102.

Classification of digital assets as property; applicability to Uniform Commercial Code; application of other law.

(b)

Consistent with W.S. 34.1
‑
8
‑
102(a)(ix), a digital asset may be treated as a financial asset under that
paragraph, pursuant to
a written
an
agreement with the owner of the digital asset. If treated as a financial asset, the digital asset shall remain intangible personal property.

(e)

This chapter shall be considered a consumer protection statute for the purposes of W.S. 34.1
‑
9
‑
201(b).

34
‑
29
‑
103.

Perfection of security interests in digital assets; control; possession; security agreements; location.

(a)

Notwithstanding the financing statement requirement specified by W.S. 34.1
‑
9
‑
310(a) as otherwise applied to general intangibles or any other provision of law, perfection of a security interest in virtual currency
or digital securities
may be achieved through possession
or control, as applicable to the asset, consistent with W.S. 34
‑
29
‑
102(a)
and perfection of a security interest in digital securities may be achieved by control
. A security interest held by a secured party having possession or control, as applicable, of virtual currency or digital securities has priority over a security interest held by a secured party that does not have possession or control, as applicable
.

of virtual currency or digital securities.
Other provisions of law relating to
perfection and
priority of security interests, including
W.S. 34.1
‑
9
‑
322(c) and
priority of control over delivery, shall
remain applicable
apply, except that W.S. 34.1
‑
9
‑
322(a)(i) and (b) shall not apply
.
W.S. 34.1
‑
9
‑
207 shall apply to this section.

(b)

Before a secured party may take possession or control under this section, the secured party shall enter into a security agreement with the debtor
and, as necessary, other parties
. The security agreement may set
forth the terms under which a secured party may pledge its security interest as collateral for another transaction. Consistent with W.S. 34.1
‑
9
‑
201(a), the security agreement shall be effective according to its terms between parties, against purchasers of collateral and against creditors.

(c)

If a debtor is located in Wyoming, a
secured party may file a financing statement with the secretary of state
to perfect a security interest in digital consumer assets or digital securities
, including to perfect a security interest in proceeds
from a digital asset
pursuant

to W.S. 34.1
‑
9
‑
315(d).

(d)

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, including article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, title 34.1, Wyoming statutes, a transferee takes a digital asset free of any security interest two (2) years after the transferee takes the asset for value and does not have actual notice of an adverse claim
at any time during the two (2) year period
. This subsection only applies to a security interest perfected by filing.

(e)

As used in this section:

(i)

"Control," when used in article 9, title 34.1, Wyoming statutes and this section,
consistent with W.S. 34.1
‑
9
‑
314,
includes the following:

(iv)

"Possession," when used in article 9, title 34.1, Wyoming statutes and this section,
consistent with 34.1
‑
9
‑
313, means the ability to exclude others from the use of property, and
includes use of a private key, a multi
‑
signature arrangement exclusive to the secured party or a smart contract, as defined in this subsection, or any substantially similar analogue. "Possession" shall also
include delivery of certificated digital securities, consistent with W.S. 34.1
‑
8
‑
301(a).

(g)

For purposes of article 9, title 34.1 and this section, if collateral is required to be "located in a jurisdiction," a digital asset is located in Wyoming if the asset is possessed
,

or
controlled
or otherwise held
by a Wyoming bank, trust company or other custodian, the debtor or secured party is physically located in Wyoming or the debtor or secured party is incorporated or organized in Wyoming, based on the following factors:

(i)

Whether a security agreement typically
present in
accompanying
a possessory security interest
or other secured transaction
exists, consistent with W.S. 34.1
‑
9
‑
201(a), including an agreement describing the possessory nature of a private key or any substantially similar analogue;

(ii)

The
C
hoice of law in a security agreement, evidencing the intent and understanding of the parties relating to
all potential aspects of
a transaction, including waivers of litigation in jurisdictions other than Wyoming, access to the Wyoming chancery court and judicial economy; and

34
‑
29
‑
104.

Digital asset custodial services.

(d)

Digital assets held in custody under this section are not depository liabilities or assets of the bank. A bank, or a subsidiary, may register as an investment adviser, investment company or broker dealer as necessary. A bank shall maintain
possession or
control
, as applicable,
over a digital asset while in custody. A customer shall elect, pursuant to a written agreement with the bank, one
(1) of the following relationships for each digital asset held in custody:

(ii)

Custody
under a bailment
pursuant to subsection (e) of this section.

(e)

If a customer makes an election under paragraph (d)(ii) of this section, the bank may, based only on customer instructions, undertake transactions with the digital asset. A bank
maintains
is deemed to maintain possession or
control pursuant to subsection (d) of this section by entering into an agreement with the counterparty to a transaction which contains a time for return of the asset
and other customary terms in securities or commodities transactions
. The bank shall not be liable for any loss suffered with respect to a transaction under this subsection, except for liability consistent with fiduciary and trust powers.

Section 2
.

This act is effective July 1, 2021
.

(END)

Speaker of the House

President of the Senate

Governor

TIME APPROVED: _________

DATE APPROVED: _________

I hereby certify that this act originated in the House.

Chief Clerk

1