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SF0099 • 2023

Witnessing of wills-remote methods.

AN ACT relating to wills; authorizing witnesses to wills to appear electronically as specified; making conforming amendments; and providing for an effective date.

Technology
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Senator Barlow
Last action
2023-03-09
Official status
enrolled
Effective date
7/1/2023

Plain English Breakdown

The official source material does not provide information about the impact on lawyers and notaries, nor does it specify details regarding the effectiveness of electronic witnessing beyond the requirements for secure signing.

Allowing Electronic Witnessing for Wills

This law allows witnesses of a will to appear through audio-video technology if they can see and hear the testator, judge their competency, sign the will electronically, and confirm that the testator is signing it freely.

What This Bill Does

  • Allows witnesses of a will to appear using audio-video communication technology as long as they can see and hear the testator in real time.
  • Requires witnesses to have the opportunity to judge if the testator is mentally competent when witnessing the will.
  • Permits witnesses to sign the will electronically, securely.
  • Ensures that witnesses confirm the testator is signing the will freely and without pressure.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People who make wills (testators).
  • Witnesses of wills.

Terms To Know

Testator
The person making a will.
Wills
Legal documents that state how someone wants their property and assets to be distributed after they die.

Limits and Unknowns

  • This law only applies in Wyoming.
  • It does not change the requirement for two witnesses to a will.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

SF0099SS001

Standing Committee • Senate Judiciary Committee

Adopted

Plain English: The amendment removes specific phrases from the bill text related to public health restrictions and emergencies.

  • Removes 'due to' from the bill text.
  • Deletes 'public health restrictions or other exigent circumstances' from the bill.
  • It is unclear what specific impact this removal will have on how witnesses can appear electronically for witnessing wills.

Bill History

  1. 2023-03-09 LSO

    Assigned Chapter Number 170

  2. 2023-03-09 Governor

    Governor Signed SEA No. 0083

  3. 2023-03-02 House

    H Speaker Signed SEA No. 0083

  4. 2023-03-02 Senate

    S President Signed SEA No. 0083

  5. 2023-03-01 LSO

    Assigned Number SEA No. 0083

  6. 2023-03-01 House

    H 3rd Reading:Passed 46-15-1-0-0

  7. 2023-02-28 House

    H 2nd Reading:Passed

  8. 2023-02-27 House

    H COW:Passed

  9. 2023-02-22 House

    H Placed on General File

  10. 2023-02-22 House

    H01 - Judiciary:Recommend Do Pass 8-1-0-0-0

  11. 2023-02-14 House

    H Introduced and Referred to H01 - Judiciary

  12. 2023-01-19 House

    H Received for Introduction

  13. 2023-01-19 Senate

    S 3rd Reading:Passed 31-0-0-0-0

  14. 2023-01-18 Senate

    S 2nd Reading:Passed

  15. 2023-01-17 Senate

    S COW:Passed

  16. 2023-01-16 Senate

    S Placed on General File

  17. 2023-01-16 Senate

    S01 - Judiciary:Recommend Amend and Do Pass 5-0-0-0-0

  18. 2023-01-11 Senate

    S Introduced and Referred to S01 - Judiciary

  19. 2023-01-11 Senate

    S Received for Introduction

  20. 2023-01-11 LSO

    Bill Number Assigned

Official Summary Text

Bill Summary - 23LSO-0538
Bill No.:

SF0099

Effective:

7/1/2023

LSO No.:

23LSO-0538

Enrolled Act No.:

SEA No. 0083

Chapter No.:

170

Prime Sponsor:

Barlow

Catch Title:

Witnessing of wills-remote methods.

Subject:

Authorizes witnesses of wills to appear electronically.

Summary/Major Elements:

This act authorizes witnesses to a will to appear through the use of audio-video communication technology, provided that the witnesses can see and hear the testator in real time, have the opportunity to judge the competency of the testator, have the ability to securely sign the will electronically and can determine that the testator is freely and voluntarily signing and executing the will.

The above summary is not an official publication of the Wyoming Legislature and is not an official statement of legislative intent.

While the Legislative Service Office endeavored to provide accurate information in this summary, it should not be relied upon as a comprehensive abstract of the bill.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
23LSO-0538

ORIGINAL Senate

File No
.
SF0099

ENROLLED ACT NO. 83,

SENATE

SIXTY-SEVENTH LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WYOMING
2023 General Session

AN ACT relating to wills; authorizing witnesses to wills to appear electronically as specified; making conforming amendments; and providing for an effective date.

Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Wyoming:

Section 1
.

W.S. 2
‑
6
‑
112 and 2
‑
6
‑
114(a) and (c) are amended to read:

2
‑
6
‑
112.

Will to be in writing; number and competency of witnesses; signature of testator; subscribing witness not to benefit; exception.

(a)

Except as provided in
the next section
W.S. 2
‑
6
‑
113
, all wills to be valid shall be in writing, or typewritten, witnessed by two (2) competent witnesses and signed by the testator or by some person in his presence and by his express direction. If the witnesses are competent at the time of attesting the execution of the will, their subsequent incompetency shall not prevent the probate and allowance of the will. No subscribing witness to any will can derive any benefit therefrom unless there are two (2) disinterested and competent witnesses to the same, but if without a will the witness would be entitled to any portion of the testator's estate, the witness may still receive the portion to the extent and value of the amount devised.

(b)

Witnesses to a will may appear in person or by the use of audio
‑
video communication technology, provided that the witnesses can see and hear the testator in real time, have the opportunity to judge the competency of the testator, have the ability to securely sign the will electronically and can determine that the testator is freely and voluntarily signing and executing the will.

2
‑
6
‑
114.

Self
‑
proving wills.

(a)

Any will may be simultaneously executed, attested and made self
‑
proven, by the acknowledgment thereof by the testator and the affidavits of the witnesses, each made before an officer authorized to administer oaths under the laws of the state where execution occurs and evidenced by the officer's certificate under official seal, in form and content substantially as follows:

I, ...., the testator, sign my name to this instrument this .... day of ...., (year), and being first duly sworn, do hereby declare to the undersigned authority that I sign and execute this instrument as my last will and that I sign it willingly (or willingly direct another to sign for me), that I execute it as my free and voluntary act for the purposes therein expressed, and that I am an adult person, of sound mind, and under no constraint or undue influence.

Testator........

We, ...., .... the witnesses, sign
(or electronically sign by secure means)
our names to this instrument, being first duly sworn, and do hereby declare to the undersigned authority that the testator signs and executes this instrument as his last will and that he signs it willingly (or willingly directs another to sign for him), and that he executes it as his free and voluntary act for the purposes therein expressed, and that each of us, in the presence and hearing of the testator
(or appearing through the use of audio
‑
video communication technology and able to see and hear the testator in real time)
, hereby signs this will
(or electronically signs this will by secure means)
as witnesses to the testator's signature and that to the best of our knowledge the testator is an adult person, of sound mind, and under no constraint or undue influence.

Witness ................

Witness ................

STATE OF WYOMING

)

) ss

COUNTY OF

)

Subscribed, sworn to and acknowledged before me by ...., the testator, and subscribed and sworn to before me by .... and ...., witnesses, this .... day of .... .

(SEAL)

(Signed) ...............

(Official Capacity of Officer) .......................

(c)

An attested will may at the time of its execution or at any subsequent date be made self
‑
proven by the acknowledgment thereof by the testator and the affidavits of the witnesses, each made before an officer authorized to administer oaths under the laws of this state or under the laws of the state where execution occurs, and evidenced by the officer's certificate under official seal, attached or annexed to the will in form and contents substantially as follows:

STATE OF WYOMING

)

) ss

COUNTY OF

)

We, ...., ...., and ...., the testator and the witnesses, respectively, whose names are signed to the attached or foregoing instrument, being first duly sworn, do hereby declare to the undersigned authority that the testator signed and executed the instrument as his last will and that he signed willingly or willingly directed another to sign for him, and that he executed it as his free and voluntary act for the purposes therein expressed; and that each of the witnesses, in the presence and hearing of the testator
(or appearing through the use of audio
‑
video communication technology and able to see and hear the testator in real time)
, signed the will
(or electronically signed the will by secure means)
as witness and that to the best of our knowledge the testator was at that time an adult person, of sound mind and under no constraint or undue influence.

Testator ........

Witness .....................

Witness .....................

Subscribed, sworn to and acknowledged before me by ...., the testator, and subscribed and sworn to before me by .... and ...., witnesses, this .... day of ...., ... .
(SEAL)

(Signed) ..............

(Official Capacity of Officer)

Section 2
.

This act is effective July 1, 2023
.

(END)

Speaker of the House

President of the Senate

Governor

TIME APPROVED: _________

DATE APPROVED: _________

I hereby certify that this act originated in the Senate.

Chief Clerk

1