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SF0006 • 2025

Residential property-removal of unlawful occupant.

AN ACT relating to civil procedure; authorizing property owners to request law enforcement assistance for the removal of unauthorized occupants as specified; specifying requirements for the law enforcement assistance; specifying liability; providing civil remedies; prohibiting unlawful use of false property documents; amending the offense of property destruction and defacement by creating an additional felony offense; providing definitions; specifying penalties; and providing for an effective date.

Children Crime
Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Judiciary
Last action
2025-02-24
Official status
enrolled
Effective date
7/1/2025

Plain English Breakdown

The official source does not provide information on the consequences of removing unauthorized persons who have nowhere to go.

Act for Removing Unauthorized Occupants from Residential Property

This act allows property owners to request law enforcement assistance to remove unauthorized occupants and establishes penalties for false documents used to fraudulently convey or lease real property.

What This Bill Does

  • Allows a lawful owner or their agent to ask the police to remove someone who is not allowed to be in their home if certain conditions are met.
  • Requires the owner to prove they are the true owner and that other conditions are met before law enforcement can act.
  • Provides protection for law enforcement if they follow this process correctly.
  • Makes it a crime to use false documents to claim ownership of property or to lease it without permission.

Who It Names or Affects

  • Property owners who want to remove unauthorized occupants from their homes.
  • Law enforcement officers who will assist in removing unauthorized occupants.
  • Unauthorized occupants who may be removed from residential properties.
  • People who use false documents to claim ownership or lease of property.

Terms To Know

Unauthorized person
Someone not allowed to live in a home without permission from the owner.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The act does not specify what happens if an unauthorized person is removed but has nowhere to go.
  • It's unclear how law enforcement will handle situations where there are multiple occupants in a home.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

SF0006H2001

2nd reading • Representative Larson, JT

Failed

Plain English: The amendment adds a requirement that sheriffs must attempt to evict unauthorized occupants at least twice before property owners can request law enforcement assistance.

  • Adds the condition that sheriffs must try to evict unauthorized occupants two times before property owners can ask for help from law enforcement.
  • The amendment only specifies the number of eviction attempts but does not explain what happens if the sheriff fails to evict after two attempts.
SF0006H3001

3rd reading • Representative Yin

Adopted

Plain English: The amendment adds language to clarify that law enforcement can assist property owners or individuals living with the owner to remove unauthorized occupants.

  • Adds 'or in a cohabitating relationship with the owner' after 'owner' on page 4, line 8 of the bill.
  • Adds 'or in a cohabitating relationship with the owner' after 'owner' on page 5, line 17 of the bill.
  • The amendment does not provide further details about what constitutes a 'cohabitating relationship.'
SF0006HW001

Committee of the Whole • Representative Chestek

Failed

Plain English: This amendment changes the term 'unauthorized occupants' to 'squatters' throughout the bill, providing a specific definition for 'squatter'.

  • Replaces all instances of 'unauthorized occupants' with 'squatters' in the text.
  • Adds a new definition for 'squatter', specifying it as someone who occupies a residential dwelling without legal right or permission.
  • The amendment does not specify how the change from 'unlawful occupant' to 'squatter' affects existing laws or interpretations of property rights.
  • It is unclear if there are any unintended consequences or additional requirements that might arise from this terminology change.
SF0006HS001

Standing Committee • House Judiciary Committee

Adopted

Plain English: The amendment changes the language in a bill to allow property owners to request law enforcement assistance for removing unauthorized occupants by modifying how law enforcement can detain and handle such situations.

  • Removes the comma after 'detains' and adds 'or' instead, allowing for more flexibility in how law enforcement handles unauthorized occupants.
  • Deletes 'or trespasses upon' after 'occupies', simplifying the description of an unauthorized occupant's presence.
  • The amendment text is brief and technical, so it's unclear what specific changes this will make to the bill's overall effect beyond modifying its wording.
SF0006SS001

Standing Committee • Senate Judiciary Committee

Adopted

Plain English: The amendment removes references to fees in the bill and makes minor textual changes.

  • Removes all mentions of 'fees' from the bill text.
  • Adjusts numbering for several items listed in the bill, changing '(iii)' to '(ii)', '(iv)' to '(iii)', and so on up to '(x)' becoming '(ix)'.
  • Deletes specific lines that mention fees or certain conditions related to occupants.
  • The exact impact of removing fee references is not detailed in the amendment text.
  • Some deleted lines do not provide context for their removal, making it unclear what information was intended to be conveyed.

Bill History

  1. 2025-02-24 LSO

    Assigned Chapter Number 41

  2. 2025-02-24 Wyoming Legislature

    Became Law without Signature

  3. 2025-02-20 House

    H Speaker Signed SEA No. 0020

  4. 2025-02-20 Senate

    S President Signed SEA No. 0020

  5. 2025-02-20 LSO

    Assigned Number SEA No. 0020

  6. 2025-02-20 Senate

    S Concur:Passed 31-0-0-0-0

  7. 2025-02-19 Senate

    S Received for Concurrence

  8. 2025-02-19 House

    H 3rd Reading:Passed 58-3-1-0-0

  9. 2025-02-18 House

    H 3rd Reading:Laid Back

  10. 2025-02-14 House

    H 2nd Reading:Passed

  11. 2025-02-13 House

    H COW:Passed

  12. 2025-02-12 House

    H Placed on General File

  13. 2025-02-12 House

    H01 - Judiciary:Recommend Amend and Do Pass 9-0-0-0-0

  14. 2025-02-10 House

    H Introduced and Referred to H01 - Judiciary

  15. 2025-01-22 House

    H Received for Introduction

  16. 2025-01-21 Senate

    S 3rd Reading:Passed 27-2-2-0-0

  17. 2025-01-20 Senate

    S 2nd Reading:Passed

  18. 2025-01-17 Senate

    S COW:Passed

  19. 2025-01-17 Senate

    S Placed on General File

  20. 2025-01-17 Senate

    S01 - Judiciary:Recommend Amend and Do Pass 5-0-0-0-0

  21. 2025-01-15 Senate

    S Introduced and Referred to S01 - Judiciary

  22. 2024-12-19 Senate

    S Received for Introduction

  23. 2024-12-02 LSO

    Bill Number Assigned

Official Summary Text

Bill Summary - 25LSO-0002

Bill No.:

SF0006

Effective:

7/1/2025

LSO No.:

25LSO-0002

Enrolled Act No.:

SEA No. 0020

Chapter No.:

41

Prime Sponsor:

Joint Judiciary Interim Committee

Catch Title:

Residential property-removal of unlawful occupant.

Has Report:

No

Subject:

Establishing a process for removing unlawful occupants from residential property and creating a related criminal offense.

Summary/Major Elements:

This act establishes a process by which a lawful owner (or the owner's agent) may request assistance from law enforcement to remove a person who is not authorized to be in the owner's residential property.

To utilize this process, the owner must apply to law enforcement for assistance and make various assertions (including that the unauthorized person isn't present due to an oral or written lease or agreement and isn't closely related to the owner, among other requirements) before law enforcement can act.

Law enforcement receiving an application for removing an unauthorized person must confirm that the owner is the owner and that other conditions are met before proceeding to immediately remove the unauthorized person from the owner's residential property.

The act provides a cause of action for the wrongful removal of a person from residential property but provides immunity to law enforcement for removing a person under this act.

This act establishes criminal offenses for unlawfully advertising or providing false documents for fraudulently conveying or leasing real property.

The act amends the current offense of property destruction to establish a felony if a person unlawfully detains or occupies a residential dwelling and knowingly defaces, injures, or destroys property, regardless of the value of the property injured or destroyed.

The above summary is not an official publication of the Wyoming Legislature and is not an official statement of legislative intent.

While the Legislative Service Office endeavored to provide accurate information in this summary, it should not be relied upon as a comprehensive abstract of the bill.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
25LSO-0002

ORIGINAL Senate

ENGROSSED
File No
.
SF0006

ENROLLED ACT NO. 20,

SENATE

SIXTY-EIGHTH LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WYOMING
2025 General Session

AN ACT relating to civil procedure; authorizing property owners to request law enforcement assistance for the removal of unauthorized occupants as specified; specifying requirements for the law enforcement assistance; specifying liability; providing civil remedies; prohibiting unlawful use of false property documents; amending the offense of property destruction and defacement by creating an additional felony offense; providing definitions; specifying penalties; and providing for an effective date.

Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Wyoming:

Section 1
.

W.S. 1
‑
21
‑
1401 through 1
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21
‑
1403 and 6
‑
5
‑
309 are created to read:

ARTICLE 14
REMOVAL OF UNAUTHORIZED OCCUPANTS

1
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21
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1401.

Definitions.

(a)

As used in this article:

(i)

"Immediate family member" means a spouse, child or parent;

(ii)

"Law enforcement" means the sheriff, the sheriff's deputies or peace officers of a city or town;

(iii)

"Owner" means the owner of a residential dwelling;

(iv)

"Residential dwelling" means a dwelling or property, real or otherwise, that serves as a place of residence or other facilities held out for the occupancy of a person. "Residential dwelling" includes real property where a dwelling or other residential facility is located;

(v)

"Unauthorized person" means a person who is not authorized to maintain presence or residency in a residential dwelling.

1
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21
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1402.

Limited alternative remedy for removal of unauthorized persons from residential property.

(a)

An owner or the owner's authorized agent may request from law enforcement in the county where the property is located the immediate removal of any person unlawfully occupying or possessing the owner's residential dwelling if all of the following conditions are met:

(i)

The person requesting the removal is the residential dwelling owner or the owner's authorized agent;

(ii)

The unauthorized person for whom removal has been requested has unlawfully entered and remains or continues to reside in the owner's residential dwelling;

(iii)

There is no known pending litigation related to the residential dwelling between the owner and any known unauthorized person;

(iv)

The unauthorized person is not a current or former tenant pursuant to a written or oral rental or lease agreement authorized by the owner, the owner's predecessor or the owner's authorized agent;

(v)

The unauthorized person is not an immediate family member of the owner or in a cohabitating relationship with the owner.

(b)

To request the immediate removal of an unauthorized person who is occupying a residential dwelling, the owner or the owner's authorized agent shall submit to law enforcement of the county where the residential dwelling is located a complaint for the removal of the unauthorized person. The complaint shall include, at a minimum, that:

(i)

The person is the owner or the owner's authorized agent for the residential dwelling;

(ii)

An unauthorized person has unlawfully entered and is remaining or residing unlawfully in the residential dwelling;

(iii)

The unauthorized person sought to be removed is not an owner or co
‑
owner of the residential dwelling and has not been listed on title to the property unless the person has engaged in title fraud;

(iv)

There is no known litigation related to the property that is pending between the owner and any person sought to be removed;

(v)

The unauthorized person is not a current or former tenant pursuant to a written or oral rental or lease agreement authorized by the owner, the owner's predecessor or the owner's authorized agent;

(vi)

The unauthorized person is not an immediate family member of the owner or in a cohabitating relationship with the owner;

(vii)

The owner acknowledges that an unauthorized person removed from the property or dwelling under this section may bring a cause of action against the owner for any false statements made in the complaint, or for wrongfully using this procedure, and that as a result of this action, the owner may be held liable for actual damages, penalties, costs and reasonable attorney fees;

(viii)

The owner is requesting law enforcement to immediately remove the unauthorized person from the residential dwelling;

(ix)

A copy of the owner's valid government
‑
issued identification or a copy of documents authorizing the owner's authorized agent to act on the owner's behalf is included;

(x)

The information contained in the complaint is true and correct and that the complaint is submitted under penalty of perjury.

(c)

Upon receipt of a complaint under this section, law enforcement shall verify that the person who submitted the complaint is the record owner of the residential dwelling or the authorized agent of the owner and that the person is entitled to relief under this section. If law enforcement is unable to verify that the person who submitted the complaint is the record owner of the residential dwelling and is entitled to relief under this section, law enforcement shall have no obligation to provide notice and vacate the residential dwelling as provided in subsection (d) of this section.

(d)

Upon verification under subsection (c) of this section, law enforcement shall, without delay, provide notice to immediately vacate to all unauthorized persons occupying the residential dwelling and shall put the owner in possession of the residential dwelling. Notice may be accomplished by hand delivery of the notice to the unauthorized occupant or by posting the notice on the front door or entrance of the residential dwelling. Law enforcement shall also attempt to verify the identities of all persons occupying the residential dwelling and shall document the identities. If appropriate, law enforcement may arrest any person found in the residential dwelling for trespass, outstanding warrants or any other legal cause.

1
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21
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1403.

Vacation of unauthorized persons; cause of action for wrongful removal.

(a)

After law enforcement provides notice to immediately vacate, the owner or the owner's authorized agent may request that law enforcement stand by to keep the peace while the owner or agent changes the locks and removes the personal property of the unauthorized person from the premises to or near the property line.

(b)

Law enforcement shall not be liable to the unauthorized person or any other party for the loss, destruction or damage of property removed under this section. The owner or the owner's authorized agent shall not be liable to an unauthorized person or any other party for the loss, destruction or damage to any removed personal property unless the removal was wrongful or unless the personal property is wantonly destroyed or damaged.

(c)

A person may bring a civil cause of action against an owner or the owner's authorized agent for wrongful removal. A person harmed by a wrongful removal under this article may be restored to possession of the residential dwelling and may recover:

(i)

Actual costs and damages incurred;

(ii)

Statutory damages equal to triple the fair market value of renting the residential dwelling during the period of wrongful removal;

(iii)

Court costs;

(iv)

Reasonable attorney fees.

(d)

Nothing in this article shall be construed to limit:

(i)

The rights of an owner;

(ii)

The authority of any peace officer to arrest an unauthorized person for trespassing, vandalism, theft or any other criminal offense;

(iii)

Remedies available under title 1, chapter 21 of the Wyoming statute or any other provision of law.

6
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5
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309.

Unlawful advertising or providing false documents for fraudulently conveying or leasing real property; penalties.

(a)

Any person who, with the intent to detain or remain on real property or in a residential dwelling, knowingly presents to another person a false document purporting to be a valid lease agreement, deed or other instrument conveying real property rights shall be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not more than six (6) months, a fine not to exceed seven hundred fifty dollars ($750.00), or both.

(b)

Any person who lists or advertises residential real property for sale knowing that the purported seller has no legal title or authority to sell the property, or who rents or leases the property to another person knowing that he has no lawful ownership or leasehold interest in the property, shall be guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than two (2) years, a fine not to exceed five thousand dollars ($5,000.00), or both.

Section 2.

W.S. 6
‑
3
‑
201(b)(i) and by creating a new paragraph (iv) is amended to read:

6
‑
3
‑
201.

Property destruction and defacement; grading; penalties; aggregated costs or values.

(b)

Property destruction and defacement is:

(i)

Except as provided in paragraph (iv) of this subsection, a
misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not more than six (6) months, a fine of not more than seven hundred fifty dollars ($750.00), or both, if the cost of restoring injured property or the value of the property if destroyed is less than one thousand dollars ($1,000.00);

(iv)

A felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than ten (10) years, a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000.00), or both, if the person unlawfully detains or occupies a residential dwelling as defined by W.S. 1
‑
21
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1401(a)(iv) and who knowingly defaces, injures or destroys property in or on the residential dwelling, regardless of the cost of restoring the injured property or the value of the property if destroyed.

Section 3
.

This act is effective July 1, 2025
.

(END)

Speaker of the House

President of the Senate

Governor

TIME APPROVED: _________

DATE APPROVED: _________

I hereby certify that this act originated in the Senate.

Chief Clerk

1